taxonID	type	description	language	source
D01F28A4963252F6AB265F05EEB24A53.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10	en	Farfan, Jackie, Cerdena, Jose, Vargas, Hector A., Goncalves, Gislene L., Lamas, Gerardo, Moreira, Gilson R. P. (2022): A peculiar new species of Dione (Agraulis) Boisduval & Le Conte (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) associated with Malesherbia Ruiz & Pavon (Passifloraceae) in xeric western slopes of the Andes. ZooKeys 1113: 199-226, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769
D01F28A4963252F6AB265F05EEB24A53.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from its congeners by the wing pattern, presenting a black postdiscal spot between M 3 - A 1 veins on the dorsal hindwing that is absent in all other species, and, also, by presenting a divided or partially divided silver spot in the discal cell on the ventral hindwing, always undivided in other species of Dione (Agraulis). In the male genitalia, the valvae have a rounded termen, without denticles, and the distal portion of the crista is narrow and straight. In other species, the termen is sub-triangular and shows denticles on the margin, and the distal apex of the crista is transversally enlarged. Also, the juxta has its upper edge slightly split in Dione dodona, which is widely open in other species. The aedeagus is straight in lateral view without cornuti in Dione dodona, up-curved near distal end with cornuti in other species. The female genitalia possess evenly wide signa in the proximal portion, composed of robust spines, unlike other species that have smaller spines; the proximal apex of signa is narrower and progressively enlarges distally. Furthermore, the immature stages of Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. show differences with the available data compared to other Agraulis species (Beebe et al. 1960; Brown 1981; da Silva et al. 2006). In the egg, the number of horizontal carinae almost doubles the number described for Dione (Agraulis) maculosa [cited as ' A. vanillae '] (11 - 13 vs. 17 - 19), the egg being taller in Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. In relation to the larval stage, in the first instar, the main difference is the size of the D 2 setae in the abdominal segments, being very small in Dione maculosa and Dione insularis (1 / 4 the length of D 1) (Beebe et al. 1960; da Silva et al. 2006), but reaching more than half the length of D 1 in Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. (Fig. 9 B). In the fifth instar, the head scoli in Dione maculosa are well developed, whereas Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. bears short stout scoli (Figs 5 D, 6 E). Furthermore, the prothoracic dorsal plate in Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. has spine-like setae on top of enlarged conical projection (Fig. 9 C), unlike Dione maculosa, which has a simple seta bearing on a small projection (da Silva et al. 2006). In the pupa, the main differences are related to the head protuberances, which are small in Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. (Fig. 9 D), more conspicuous, and as long as half the length of head in Dione maculosa; also, the meso-dorsal crest is less pronounced in Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. (Fig. 9 E), in Dione maculosa the dorsal margins are more enlarged; protuberances on the abdominal segments do not occupy the entire length of the segment in Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. (Fig. 9 F), in contrast to Dione maculosa where protuberances fill all the length of the third abdominal segment.	en	Farfan, Jackie, Cerdena, Jose, Vargas, Hector A., Goncalves, Gislene L., Lamas, Gerardo, Moreira, Gilson R. P. (2022): A peculiar new species of Dione (Agraulis) Boisduval & Le Conte (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) associated with Malesherbia Ruiz & Pavon (Passifloraceae) in xeric western slopes of the Andes. ZooKeys 1113: 199-226, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769
D01F28A4963252F6AB265F05EEB24A53.taxon	description	Description. Adult. (Figs 1 - 4). Male: Wingspan 44 - 52 mm (holotype 50 mm). Head: antennae approximately two thirds of the forewing in length, black with the tip of club orange (Fig. 2 A), with 36 antennomers, 11 of which define the club. Palpus elongated, approximately twice the size of the head, with a dark brown dorsal color with light orange hairs, in ventral view white covered by white and orange hairs (Fig. 2 A). Thorax: Generally brown. Body dorsally black with brown and orange hairs, ventrally covered by white and light orange scales, legs dorsally light orange with white and orange hairs at the base, ventrally white. Forewing length 25 - 28 mm (holotype: 27 mm), hindwing length 18 - 20 mm. Wing venation as described in Michener (1942) (Fig. 2 B). Wing color pattern typical for the Agraulis clade except a black postdiscal spot between veins M 3 - A 1 on dorsal hindwing and a silver spot located in the discal cell on ventral hindwing divided or partially divided (Fig. 1 E, AF). Abdomen: dorsally brown with orange hairs, ventrally covered by white scales. Male genitalia: Rounded and subtriangular valvae occupying most of the genital capsule, being wide anteriorly and narrowest in the apex, with rounded pointed apex with hairs on ventral margin (Fig. 3 D), costa with eversible pouch on its inner surface, bearing a median-ventral crista (Fig. 3 C); crista narrow, turbinate-shaped, with apex protruded to dorsal margin of valve, and with little spines on surface (Fig. 3 B), with wider prolongation on the proximal ventral surface connecting with saccus (Fig. 3 A). Saccus short, with anterior process curved upwards and thinner apex. Tegumen long and wide, in dorsal view the basal portion of the uncus is wider, narrowing towards the tip, ending in a narrow apical process. Gnathos present, well developed, short tongue-shaped slightly up curved in lateral view (Fig. 3 A), vinculum slim and proximally incurved with dorsal projection. Juxta wide in ventral view with a pointed anterior portion and a widened posterior portion as the shape of two slightly divided lobules (Fig. 3 F). Aedeagus straight in lateral view, ~ 1 / 2 the length of the genital capsule, evenly wide, sclerotized, without cornuti (Fig. 3 E). Female: Wingspan 50 - 52 mm, forewing length 26 - 27 mm. Very similar to male, but paler, with the most prominent dorsal marks and spots mainly in the forewing apex, where it presents a faint stain between the veins R 1 to M 1, absent in males and with a paler background than the rest of the wing (Fig. 1 C, D). Abdomen with stink-clubs attached to a lateral fold, dorsally on posterior margin of the eighth sternum, densely covered with elongated, either single or bifid, specialized scales (Fig. 3 C). Female genitalia: Eighth segment narrow. Posterior apophysis ~ 1 / 2 the length of the papilla anales (Fig. 3 A). Two signa slightly arched with the proximal tip near the ductus bursae, formed by four or five rows of wide spines (Fig. 3 B).	en	Farfan, Jackie, Cerdena, Jose, Vargas, Hector A., Goncalves, Gislene L., Lamas, Gerardo, Moreira, Gilson R. P. (2022): A peculiar new species of Dione (Agraulis) Boisduval & Le Conte (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) associated with Malesherbia Ruiz & Pavon (Passifloraceae) in xeric western slopes of the Andes. ZooKeys 1113: 199-226, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769
D01F28A4963252F6AB265F05EEB24A53.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is based on the locality of Dodona (Greece); it was a city-sanctuary in ancient Greece, where there was an oracle in which Dione was venerated as the (temporary) wife of Zeus, until she was replaced by Hera. Thus, the new species is named " Dione dodona " to continue the classical Greek tradition.	en	Farfan, Jackie, Cerdena, Jose, Vargas, Hector A., Goncalves, Gislene L., Lamas, Gerardo, Moreira, Gilson R. P. (2022): A peculiar new species of Dione (Agraulis) Boisduval & Le Conte (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) associated with Malesherbia Ruiz & Pavon (Passifloraceae) in xeric western slopes of the Andes. ZooKeys 1113: 199-226, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769
D01F28A4963252F6AB265F05EEB24A53.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Adults of Dione (Agraulis) dodona sp. nov. are known from distinct populations, located in central and southern Peru, and northern Chile, on the western slopes of the Andes. In Peru, it has been found in the Departments of Lima (1,400 - 2,400 m elevation), Arequipa (between 800 and 2,600 m elevation), Moquegua (1,800 - 2,100 m elevation), and Tacna (1,800 m elevation). In Chile, two specimens were collected in 1951 and 1968 from two localities in the Tarapaca Region between 2,300 and 3,000 m elevation, and recently other two specimens were collected from Arica Region (1,580 m elevation).	en	Farfan, Jackie, Cerdena, Jose, Vargas, Hector A., Goncalves, Gislene L., Lamas, Gerardo, Moreira, Gilson R. P. (2022): A peculiar new species of Dione (Agraulis) Boisduval & Le Conte (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) associated with Malesherbia Ruiz & Pavon (Passifloraceae) in xeric western slopes of the Andes. ZooKeys 1113: 199-226, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.85769
