taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E387ABFFDCFFF2FF7FFF02FB6CFDAD.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Crypteria limnophiloides Bergroth, 1913 (original designation).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF2FF7FFF02FB6CFDAD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna 12 to 13 - segmented; basal flagellomeres, usually basal four to five segments, fused into long single segment. Thorax with meron large, mid and hind coxae well-separated. Tibial spurs absent. Wing with Sc ending distal to level of fork of Rs; three branches of Rs reaching wing margin; cells dm and m 1 present.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF2FF7FFF02FB6CFDAD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This genus includes two subgenera, Crypteria and Franckomyia Alexander, 1936, and 10 species of the genus have been described (5 spp. in the Palaearctic and 5 spp. in the Oriental Regions).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 2, 10 A)	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Greyish species with unpatterned wing (Fig. 1 A). Antenna 12 - segmented. Basal four flagellomeres fused, 3 – 4 times as long as wide. Notum usually with four indistinctly dark stripes on presutural area and with two indistinctly dark areas on scutal lobe. Legs mainly dusky yellow to brown. Abdomen dark brownish grey. Male terminalia with gonocoxite simple, long and almost straight. Clasper and lobe of gonostyli almost straight. Interbase sickle-shaped, directed dorsally on distal part, gradually narrow to tip.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE male, JAPAN, Honshu, Aomori, Nishimeya-mura, Kawaratai, The Shirakami Natural Science Park, Hirosaki Univ., alt. 255 m, N 40.5188, E 140.2148, 28. IX. 2014, D. Kato (LT / BLKU). PARATYPES: JAPAN: [Honshu] 2 females, same data as holotype except 5. X. 2014; 1 male, same data as holotype except 25. X. 2014; 1 male, Iwate, Hachimantai-shi, near Tȏshichi Spa, alt. 1340 m, N 39.9425, E 140.8680, 15. X. 2014, D. Kato (BLKU); [Kyushu] 1 male, Kumamoto, Naidaizin, Nishiuchidani, N 32.59, E 130.99, 14. XI. 1996, T. Saigusa & M. Sueyoshi (LT / BLKU).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Grey, mainly covered with yellow setae. Vertex sometimes with indistinctly dark, longitudinal stripe on posterior part; narrowest part about four times as wide as scape. Antenna brown to dark brown, weakly greyish on scape, 2 – 2.5 times as long as head. Scape cylindrical, twice as long as wide. Pedicel roundish, about 1.5 times as wide as scape, slightly longer than wide and half length of scape. Flagellum 10 - segmented, basal four segments fused into long conical segment, about 2.5 times as long as pedicel and 3 – 4 times as long as wide. Flagellomere except basal segment bacilliform, apical segment slightly shorter; flagellomeres with pale brown verticils, at most 1.3 times as long as each segment; fused segment and succeeding three flagellomeres covered with whitish pubescence, shorter than each segment. Rostrum brownish grey, 2 / 3 length of scape. Palpus dark brown, 5 - segmented, palpomeres 2 – 4 longest. Labellum dark brown. Thorax. Generally grey, covered with long yellow setae. Postpronotum weakly yellowish. Presutural area of mesonotum often with four indistinctly dark stripes on posterior 2 / 3. Prescutal pit dark brown, small, long bacilliform. Scutal lobe with two indistinctly dark areas, anterior marking large and triangular, almost occupying anterior half of scutal lobe; posterior one oval, situated on inner posterior side. Pleuron sometimes yellowish grey, ventral part of meron dark. Dorsopleural membrane occasionally dusky yellow. Wing (Fig. 1 B) slightly tinged with yellowish brown, unpatterned, basal part more yellowish. Veins mainly brown, yellow on basal part of wing. Sc ending beyond fork of R 3 + 4. Crossvein Sc-r situated 2 – 4 times of itself proximal to tip of Sc. R 2 absent. R 3 slightly shorter than R 4, strongly curved at base. R 4 and R 5 almost straight. Cell m 1 1.5 – 2 times as long as its petiole. Cell dm 2.5 times as long as wide, gradually broad distally. Crossvein m-cu close to base of cell dm. Legs clothed with pale yellow setae. Coxae and trochanters pale yellow to ocherous, base of fore coxa often dark grey. Femora and tibiae dusky yellow to brown; tips of tibiae sometimes barely dark. Tarsomeres brownish yellow to brown; tip of each segment weakly and narrowly dark. Claw slender, about half length of tarsomere 5, gently curved, with long curved branch at base, about 2 / 3 length of claw. Halter pale yellow, about 2.5 times as long as mediotergite. Abdomen. Dark brownish grey, covered with yellow setae, sternites slightly paler. Male terminalia (Fig. 1 C) more brownish, with tergite 9 tranpezoidal in dorsal view, weakly narrowed basally. Sternite 9 roundly produced at caudal margin. Gonocoxite slender and almost straight, about twice as long as tergite 9, gradually narrow to tip. Clasper of gonostylus (Fig. 1 D) black and straight, outer margin serrate on distal part, tip curved and pointed, clawshaped. Lobe of gonostylus almost straight, slightly longer than and about twice as wide as clasper of gonostylus, tip rounded. Interbase (Figs 1 E – F) with basal part fused medially into bridge; distal part sickle-shaped, curved dorsally, closed to each other near tip. Aedeagus wide, bullet-shaped in dorsal view, tip narrow and rounded, directed posteriorly (Fig. 1 E). Aedeagal apodeme short rod-shaped, directed ventrally (Fig. 1 F). Female. Generally resembling male. Antenna slightly longer than male, about three times as long as head. Flagellomeres covered with pubescences except apical segment. Wing narrower. Claw shorter, 1 / 3 length of tarsomere 5, without basal branch. Female terminalia (Figs 2 A – B). Generally ocherous, dark greyish on tergites 8 – 9 and basal half of tergite 10; sternite 8 weakly dark at anterior end. Tergite 8 widely concaved medially at posterior margin. Tergite 9 narrow, about 1 / 3 width of tergite 8, interrupted at middle. Tergite 10 roughly oval, about 1.3 times as long as wide; posterior end weakly convex dorsally on middle part; posterior margin concaved at middle part into U-shaped notch. Cercus amber color, slightly shorter than tergite 10, strongly upcurved toward tip. Sternite 8 (Fig. 2 C) slightly wider than long, lateral margin weakly arched. Hypogynial valve amber colored, slightly longer than sternite 8, about 1.3 times wider than cercus in lateral view, tip ending at level of middle of cercus. Sternite 9 (Fig. 2 D) roughly racket-shaped; anterior 1 / 3 rod-shaped; posterior 2 / 3 roughly hollowed oval, truncated at anterior margin of this hole; middle of lateral margin of posterior part connected with oval plate. Sternite 10 barely recognizable, kidney-shaped, middle of anterior part concaved. Measurements. Male (n = 4): body length 3.5 – 4.8 mm, wing length 5.2 – 7.2 mm. Female (n = 2): body length 4.6 – 4.9 mm, wing length 6.7 – 7.1 mm.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after Japan in Japanese (nippon). The specific name is a noun in nominative singular.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Honshu and Kyushu) (Fig. 10 A).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDCFFF7FF7FFDBBFD35FF40.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is similar to a Eurasian species, C. limnophiloides Bergroth, 1913, but is differentiated from it by the following characteristics: interbase with distal part sickle-shaped, not distinctly widened near tip (Fig. 1 E) (apical part distinctly widened and blackened, tip intensely narrow and pointed in C. limnophiloides). An Indian species, C. claripennis (Brunetti, 1913), whose male is unknown, is also similar to the new species in general appearance but is distinguished from it by the following characters: cercus obtuse at tip (pointed at tip in C. nippon sp. nov. (Fig. 2 A )); hypogynial valve short, ending at level of basal 1 / 4 of cercus (longer, tip reaching at level of middle of cercus in C. nippon sp. nov. (Fig. 2 A )).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF7FF7FFE97FB09FCC2.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Dasymallomyia signata Brunetti, 1911 (monotypic).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF7FF7FFE97FB09FCC2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. General coloration yellow or fulvous, patterned with polished black on prescutum. Wing with Sc ending slightly proximal to level of fork of Rs; R 3 + 4 forked; R 2 situated slightly proximal to fork of R 3 + 4; cell m 1 absent; cell dm closed or open by atrophy of basal section of M 3. Legs covered with long setae, mostly longer than diameter of femur; mid and hind coxae close to each other. Femora each with dark subterminal ring. Tibial spur absent. Male terminalia not rotated. Gonocoxite projecting posteriorly beyond base of gonostyli. Clasper of gonostylus pale and flat, long simple lobe. Lobe of gonostylus blackened, various in shape. Interbase absent. Ovipositor with tergite 8 reduced or fused with tergite 9; sternite 9 roundly produced at caudal margin and border between sternite 9 and hypogynial valve distinct; cercus long and slender.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF7FF7FFE97FB09FCC2.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This genus includes eight species (4 spp. in the Palaearctic and 5 spp. in the Oriental Regions) (Oosterbroek 2021). It resembles Ellipteroides (Ramagonomyia) Alexander, 1968 in venation and male terminalia, but the latter subgenus has the following characters: body generally black including legs; R 2, if present, placed more than length of itself proximal to fork of R 3 + 4; legs covered with setae shorter than diameter of femur.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF5FF7FFC10FEB5FBC4.taxon	description	(Figs 3, 10 B)	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF5FF7FFC10FEB5FBC4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Yellowish species with unpatterned wing (Fig. 3 A). Presutural area of mesonotum and scutal lobe polished, with one black stripe and two pairs of black spots on prescutum, and with two large dark spots on scutal lobe. Legs yellow with narrow brown ring at distal 1 / 6 of each femur. Halter pale yellow. Abdomen mainly brown. Clasper of gonostylus thin, blade-shaped, rounded at tip, outer margin with small point near middle. Lobe of gonostylus black, distinctly bifid; anterior branch about as long as posterior branch, rounded on distal part in lateral view; posterior branch strongly widened, single-pointed on posteroventral corner.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF5FF7FFC10FEB5FBC4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. HOLOTYPE male, INDIA, Assam, Manipur, Chingsao, 5400 feet, 14. VI. 1960, Schmid (USNM). Non-type material: JAPAN: [Nansei Islands] Amami Is: 1 male, Amami-shi, Sumiyô-chô-Ôaza-Yakugachi, Yakugachi-gawa River, near Yakugachi tunnel, alt. 50 m, N 28.2283, E 129.3600, 3. IV. 2019, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 male, Uken-son, Yuwan, near 4 th northern tributary of Kawauchi-gawa River, alt. 80 m, N 28.2645, E 129.3501, 4. IV. 2019, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 male, Yamato-son, Yuwangama, alt. 250 m, N 28.3511, E 129.4218, 31. III. 2019, D. Kato (BLKU).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF5FF7FFC10FEB5FBC4.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Grey, covered with long, yellow to black setae. Vertex weakly yellowish on posterolateral end; narrowest part about twice as wide as scape. Antenna dusky yellow to brown, about twice as long as head. Scape cylindrical, 2.5 times as long as wide. Pedicel barrel-shaped, narrower on basal part, slightly longer than wide and half length of scape; widest part about as wide as scape. Flagellum 14 - segmented, sometimes slightly darker on distal segments. Flagellomere oval on basal segments with short neck at each tip; distal segments narrower, bacilliform, with apical neck indistinct; each segment with black verticils, about 2 – 3 times as long as segment; basal 11 flagellomeres covered with whitish pubescence, shorter than each segment. Rostrum brown, slightly shorter than scape. Palpus brown to dark brown, 5 - segmented, palpomeres 3 to 5 longest. Labellum brown to dark brown. Thorax (Fig. 3 B). Generally yellow, covered with long yellow setae, distinctly polished on presutural area of mesonotum and scutal lobe. Presutural area of mesonotum often largely brownish on middle part, with one polished black stripe and two pairs of polished black spots; middle stripe almost same width in whole length, running from anterior end of mesonotum and ending slightly before transverse suture; middle stripe bearing narrow longitudinal line of pruinosity at middle in whole length; anterior lateral spot small, bacilliform, less polished than posterior one, situated at prescutal pit; posterior lateral spot much larger than anterior one, roughly triangular with rounded corners, wider than middle stripe. Scutal lobe with two large, polished black markings, narrowly separated from or partly fused with each other; anterior marking triangular, situated at anterior corner; posterior one roundish, situated at middle, almost equal in size to anterior one. Scutellum sometimes dark at base. Mediotergite dark brown on posterior 2 / 3, with tiny dark spot at middle of anterior end. Pleuron barely brownish at middle of anepisternum, dorsal and ventral ends of katepisternum, and middle of propleuron; ventral part of laterotergite dark brown. Dorsopleural membrane whitish yellow. Wing (Fig. 3 C) hyaline, slightly tinged with yellowish brown, unpatterned. Veins mainly dark brown, yellowish on Sc and veins near wing base. R 3 about 1 / 3 length of R 4. R 4 weakly sinuous. Cell m 1 + 2 about twice as long as its petiole. Legs yellow, densely clothed with long yellow to dark brown setae; setae on coxae to basal parts of femora mainly yellow. Coxae with fore pair weakly dark at base. Femora each with narrow brown ring at distal 1 / 6, slightly shorter than wide. Tibiae sometimes weakly dark at tips. Tarsi slightly dark at each tip of tarsomeres; terminal segment entirely dark. Claw slender and simple, about 2 / 3 length of tarsomere 5, strongly curved near middle. Halter pale yellow, about 1.8 times as long as mediotergite. Abdomen. Brown on tergites and yellow on sternites, densely covered with long yellow setae; anterior part of tergite 1 yellowish; caudal margins of tergites weakly yellowish. Male terminalia (Figs 3 D – E) with tergite 9 produced posteriorly at middle of caudal margin. Sternite 9 strongly produced ventrally at center. Gonocoxite longer than tergite 9, broad on basal part, rounded at tip. Clasper of gonostylus (Figs 3 F – G) subhyaline, thin, about 1.5 times as long as lobe of gonostylus, wide on basal part, rounded at tip; outer margin with small point at middle. Lobe of gonostylus black, distinctly bifid; anterior branch about as long as posterior branch, rounded on distal part in lateral view, curled outward at tip; posterior branch strongly widened and bilobed on distal 1 / 4, pointed at each tip; small setose lobe present between anterior and posterior branches. Aedeagus (Figs 3 H – I) conical flask-shaped; distal part stout rod-shaped, with claw-shaped lobe at tip; dorsal surface near tip with membranous region; tip directed posteroventrally. Measurements. Male (n = 3): body length 5.3 – 6.2 mm, wing length 6.2 – 7.2 mm.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF5FF7FFC10FEB5FBC4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Nansei Islands: Amami and Okinawa Is) (Fig. 10 B) and India (Assam).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD9FFF5FF7FFC10FEB5FBC4.taxon	discussion	Remark. It is the first record of this species from Japan. See remarks in the next species for comparison to similar species.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	description	(Figs 4 – 5, 10 B)	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Yellowish species with unpatterned wing (Fig. 4 A). Presutural area of mesonotum and scutal lobe polished, with one black stripe and two pairs of black spots on prescutural area of mesonotum, and with two large dark spots on scutal lobe. Legs yellow with narrow brown ring at distal 1 / 6 of each femur. Halter pale yellow. Abdomen mainly brown. Clasper of gonostylus thin, blade-shaped, smooth at outer margin, rounded at tip. Lobe of gonostylus black, distinctly bifid; anterior branch about as long as posterior branch, rounded on distal part in lateral view; posterior branch strongly widened, bilobed at posteroventral corner.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE male, JAPAN, Nansei Islands, Okinawa Is, Kunigami-son, Yona, N 26.75, E 128.22, 19. IV. 1996, T. Tachi (LT / BLKU). PARATYPES: JAPAN: [Nansei Islands] 1 male 1 female, same data as holotype.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Grey, covered with long, yellow to black setae. Vertex often weakly yellowish on posterolateral part; narrowest part about twice as wide as scape. Antenna dusky yellow to brown, about twice as long as head. Scape cylindrical, 2.5 times as long as wide. Pedicel barrel-shaped, narrower on basal part, slightly longer than wide, half length of scape; widest part about as wide as scape. Flagellum 14 - segmented, sometimes gradually darkened toward tip. Flagellomere oval on basal segments with short neck at each tip; distal segments narrower, bacilliform, with apical neck indistinct; each segment with black verticils, about 2 – 3 times as long as segment; basal 11 to 12 flagellomeres covered with whitish pubescence, shorter than each segment. Rostrum brown, slightly shorter than scape. Palpus brown to dark brown, 5 - segmented, palpomeres 3 to 5 longest. Labellum brown to dark brown. Thorax (Fig. 4 B). Generally yellow, covered with long yellow setae, distinctly polished on presutural area of mesonotum and scutal lobe. Presutural area of mesonotum often largely brownish on middle part, with one polished black stripe and two pairs of polished black spots, sometimes pale brown along outlines; middle stripe almost same width in whole length, running from anterior end of mesonotum and ending slightly before transverse suture; middle stripe bearing narrow longitudinal line of pruinosity at middle in whole length; anterior lateral spot small, bacilliform, less polished than posterior one, situated at prescutal pit; posterior lateral spot much larger than anterior one, roughly roundish or triangular with rounded corners, as wide as or wider than middle stripe. Scutal lobe with two large, polished black markings, narrowly separated from or partly fused with each other; anterior marking triangular, situated at anterior corner; posterior one roundish, situated at middle, distinctly smaller than anterior one. Scutellum sometimes dark at base. Mediotergite dark brown, with small yellow area at anterolateral margin. Pleuron brown to dark brown on propleuron, anepisternum, dorsal and ventral end of katepisternum, ventral half of meron, and ventral part of laterotergite; dark areas on katepisternum more polished; dorsal half of anepimeron sometimes weakly dark. Dorsopleural membrane whitish yellow. Wing (Fig. 4 C) hyaline, slightly tinged with yellowish brown, unpatterned. Veins mainly dark brown, yellowish on Sc and veins near wing base. R 3 about half length of R 4. R 4 weakly sinuous. Cell m 1 + 2 about twice as long as its petiole. Legs yellow, densely clothed with long yellow to dark brown setae; setae on coxae to basal parts of femora mainly yellow. Coxae with fore pair weakly dark at base. Femora each with narrow brown ring at distal 1 / 6, slightly shorter than wide. Tarsi indistinctly dark at each tip of tarsomeres; tarsomere 5 entirely dark. Claw slender and simple, about 2 / 3 length of tarsomere 5, strongly curved near middle. Halter pale yellow to yellow, about 1.8 times as long as mediotergite. Abdomen. Brown, slightly yellowish on sternites, densely covered with long yellow setae; anterior part of tergite 1 yellowish; caudal margins of tergites weakly yellowish. Male terminalia (Figs 4 D – E) with tergite 9 produced posteriorly at middle of caudal margin. Sternite 9 strongly produced ventrally at center. Gonocoxite longer than tergite 9, broad on basal part, rounded at tip. Clasper of gonostylus (Figs 4 F – G) subhyaline, thin, about 1.5 times as long as lobe of gonostylus, wide on basal part, rounded at tip; outer margin smooth. Lobe of gonostylus black, distinctly bifid; anterior branch about as long as posterior branch, rounded on distal part in lateral view, curled outward at tip; posterior branch strongly widened and trilobed on distal 1 / 4, ventral corner with two points; small setose lobe present between anterior and posterior branches. Aedeagus (Figs 4 H – I) conical flask-shaped; distal part stout rod-shaped, with claw-shaped lobe at tip; dorsal surface near tip with membranous region; tip directed posteroventrally. Female. Generally resembling male. Female terminalia (Figs 5 A – B). Tergite 9 narrow, slightly concaved at caudal margin. Tergite 10 1.2 times as long as wide; distal 1 / 6 separated from anterior part and interrupted medially by V-shaped notch. Cercus 1.5 times as long as tergite 10, weakly upcurved toward tip. Sternite 8 (Fig. 5 C) roundly produced at caudal margin, about as long as wide. Hypogynial valve slightly longer than sternite 8, about twice wider than cercus in lateral view; tip ending at level of basal 1 / 3 of cercus. Sternite 9 (Fig. 5 D) with central part roughly triangular, roundly convex near middle of lateral margin. Lateral part of sternite 9 slender and bilobed, extending beyond tip of central part; inner lobe straight, gradually narrow to tip; outer lobe strongly curved outward. Sternite 10 roundish and indistinct. Measurements. Male (n = 2): body length 5.6 – 5.7 mm, wing length 6.4 – 6.5 mm. Female (n = 1): body length 7.7 mm, wing length 7.8 mm.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after the collector, Dr. Takuji Tachi. The specific name is a noun in genitive singular.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Nansei Islands: Okinawa Is) (Fig. 10 B).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFDBFFFAFF7FFB13FAD4FB7C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is similar to D. ditenostyla, but is differentiated from it by the following characters: mediotergite with small yellow area at anterolateral margin (anterior 1 / 3 yellow with tiny dark spot at middle of anterior end in D. ditenostyla); posterior spot on scutal lobe distinctly smaller than anterior one (Fig. 4 B) (almost equal in size in D. ditenostyla (Fig. 3 B )); pleuron with several distinctly dark areas (only on laterotergite in D. ditenostyla); posterior branch of clasper of gonostylus with three apical points (Fig. 4 G) (two points in D. ditenostyla (Fig. 3 G )); lobe of gonostylus without small tooth (Fig. 4 F) (with small tooth at outer margin (Fig. 3 F )).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFAFF7FFA83FE73F9D6.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Pilaria phoenosoma Alexander, 1931 (original designation).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFAFF7FFA83FE73F9D6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Prescutum with prescutal and tuberculate pits present. Wing with R 3 very short, usually 1 / 3 length of R 4 or less; R 4 sometimes not reaching at C, free tipped; M 1 + 2 not forked. Legs with tibial spurs present.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFAFF7FFA83FE73F9D6.taxon	discussion	Remark. This genus includes 19 species (18 spp. in the Oriental and 1 sp. in the Afrotropical Regions (Oosterbroek, 2021).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	description	(Figs 6 A – D, F – J, 7, 10 C)	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Dark greyish species with unpatterned wing except stigma (Figs 6 A – B). Presutural area of mesonotum with three dark markings. Scutal lobe with large and weakly dark area on outer anterior part. Wing dark brownish tinged. Legs mainly ocherous to dark brown, occasionally paler on basal tarsomeres. Abdomen brown to dark brown. Male tergite 9 with central part of caudal margin bearing two pairs of lobes, inner pair about twice as long and wide as outer one. Clasper of gonostylus hooked at tip. Lateral process of aedeagal sheath very long, gradually curved ventrally toward tip; distal part wider than basal part, with small point at anterior margin near tip.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE 1 male, JAPAN, Nansei Islands, Iriomote-jima Is, Taketomi-chȏ, Komi, Mairagawa River, alt. 20 m, N 24.3221, E 123.8998, 15. III. 2016, D. Kato (BLKU). PARATYPES: JAPAN: [Nansei Islands] Amami Is: 2 males, Setouchi-chô, Shinokawa, Mt. Eboshi-yama, N 28.231, E 129.302, 4. X. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); Tokunoshima Is: 3 males 1 female, Tokunoshima-chȏ, Kedoku, Mt. Minada-yama, N 27.81, E 128.94, 30. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 female, Tokunoshima-chȏ, Todoroki, near Mt. Sasontsuji-dake, alt. 200 m, N 27.8392, E 128.9407, 2. IV. 2019, D. Kato (BLKU); Okinawa Is: 3 males 2 females, Kunigami-son, Yona, Mt. Fuenchiji-dake, alt. 300 m, N 26.7487, E 128.2423, 21. V. 2016, D. Kato (BLKU); 23 males 8 females, same data as previous except alt. 310 m, 29. V. 2022, L. - P. Kolcsár (CKLP); 10 males 1 female, Kunigami-son, Hentona, near Yonaha trail, alt. 300 m, N 26.7288, E 128.2122, 28. V. 2022, L. - P. Kolcsár (CKLP); Ishigaki Is: 2 males, Hirae, trailhead of Mt. Omoto-dake, alt. 180 m, N 24.4177, E 124.1886, 27. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 2 males, Hirae, south of Nagura Dam, alt. 80 m, N 24.4052, E 124.1810, 27. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 4 males, Ishigaki, Mt. Banna-dake, alt. 100 m, N 24.3690, E 124.1607, 13. V. 2016, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 male, Miyara, Mt. Omoto-dake, alt. 110 m, N 24.4382, E 124.2097, 26. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 3 males, same data as previous except 27. IX. 2013; Iriomote Is: 3 males, same data as holotype; 1 male, same data as holotype except 17. V. 2016; 1 male, same data as holotype except 7. VIII. 2016; 3 males, Haeminaka, alt. 30 m, N 24.297, E 123.870, 13. III. 2016, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 male, same data as previous except alt. 170 – 230 m, 19. V. 2016; 4 males, same data as previous except alt. 150 – 220 m, 6. VIII. 2016.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Brownish grey, more brownish ventrally, sparsely covered with short black setae. Vertex often narrowly light grey at anterior and lateral margins, with indistinctly dark oval area on medial part; narrowest part about three times as wide as scape. Antenna brownish grey, 1.5 – 2 times as long as head. Scape cylindrical, about three times as long as wide. Pedicel globular, about as long as wide, as wide as scape, half length of scape. Flagellum 14 - segmented. Flagellomeres globular, as long as or slightly longer than wide on basal segments; distal segments slender, about four times as long as wide on apical segment; verticils on flagellomeres black, longest on distal segments and about four times as long as segment; basal 5 – 6 flagellomeres covered with whitish pubescence ventrally, shorter than each segment. Rostrum short, about 2 / 3 length of scape. Palpus short, dark brown, 4 - segmented; palpomere 2 and 3 longest; palpomere 3 widest. Labellum dark brown. Thorax. Generally grey to brownish grey, sparsely covered with short pale setae. Postpronotum lighter grey, sometimes lateral part yellowish. Presutural area of mesonotum with broad central stripe and pair of oval spots; middle stripe weakly constricted at level of prescutal pit, running from anterior end of mesonotum and ending slightly before transverse suture; in anterodorsal view, middle stripe divided by narrow grey line except anterior part; lateral oval spot situated on posterior 1 / 3 of presutural area of mesonotum, slightly shorter than half length of middle stripe; prescutal pit black, bacilliform, sometimes weakly curved; tuberculate pit distinct, situated about five times length of itself posterior to anterior end of mesonotum. Scutal lobe with weakly dark, large marking on outer anterior corner to center, sometime yellowish at outer posterior corner. Scutellum often more brownish than other parts of mesonotum. Mediotergite sometimes bearing ill-defined, longitudinal dark stripe at middle. Pleuron ocherous grey to dark brownish grey, often variegated with dark brownish grey and ocherous; ventral 2 / 3 of anepisternum and ventral 1 / 3 of katepisternum darker in lateral view; dorsopleural membrane dusky yellow. Wing (Fig. 6 C) tinged with dark brown, stigma slightly darker and oval. Sc ending beyond fork of Rs. Crossvein Sc-r situated about 3 – 6 times length of itself proximal to tip of Sc. R 3 sinuous, usually 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 length of R 4; tip reaching at C. R 4 and R 5 weakly curved posteriorly on distal part. Cell m 1 + 2 1.5 – 3 times as long as cell dm. Crossvein m-cu situated between anterior end and middle of cell dm. Legs mainly ocherous to dark brown, mainly covered with brown to dark brown setae. Coxae and trochanters pale yellow to ocherous; fore coxa dark on basal 1 / 3 to 1 / 2. Femora with basal parts gradually pale toward bases. Tibiae narrowly dark at tips in specimens from Amami, Tokunoshima, and Okinawa Is (Fig. 6 A). Tarsi in specimens from Amami, Tokunoshima, and Okinawa Is. with basal 3 – 4 segments dusky yellow, each tip narrowly and weakly dark; hind tarsomere 1 sometimes whitish; setae on these segments pale yellow (Fig. 6 B). Claw simple, about half length of tarsomere 5, strongly curved near middle. Halter about twice as long as mediotergite, dark brown; basal 1 / 4 of stem yellowish. Abdomen. Brown to dark brown, covered with short brown setae. Tergite 1 often grayish; tergite 7 with densely setulose area laterally. Sternites sometimes yellowish. Male terminalia (Fig. 6 D) with tergite 9 roundly produced at caudal margin; central part of caudal margin with two pairs of lobes, inner pair about twice as long and wide as outer one, tongue-shaped; outer pair more triangular. Sternite 9 straight at caudal margin. Gonocoxite about as long as tergite 9, slightly broad on basal part; dorsomedial part with small tubercle at basal 1 / 3. Clasper of gonostylus (Fig. 6 F) flat rod-shaped, about as long as lobe of gonostylus; distal 1 / 6 narrowed and curved into hook; tip rounded and directed dorsally. Lobe of gonostylus (Fig. 6 G) tongue-shaped, about 2.5 times as wide as clasper of gonostylus. Interbase (Figs 6 H – I) with mesal-apical lobe slender rod-shaped, obtuse at tip, about as long as reminder of interbase; basal part fused into round fin-like lobe. Lateral process of aedeagal sheath very long, flat rod-shaped, directed posteriorly at base, gradually curved ventrally toward tip; distal part wider than basal part; tip strongly narrowed and pointed, with small point at anterior margin near tip (Fig. 6 J); medial part of apical end weakly desclerotized. Aedeagus cylindrical in lateral view; tip directed posteroventrally, situated anterior to tip of interbase. Female. Generally resembling male. Claw shorter, 1 / 3 length of tarsomere 5. Female terminalia (Figs 7 A – B). Mainly dark brown. Tergite 8 narrow medially. Tergite 9 about as narrow as medial part of tergite 8, slightly wider on lateral part. Tergite 10 about 1.5 times as long as wide and six times as long as tergite 9. Cercus amber color, 1.3 times as long as tergite 10, weakly upcurved toward tip. Sternite 8 (Fig. 7 C) squarish, slightly wider than long. Hypogynial valve amber color, ocherous on basal part, dark at dorsal margin of basal part, twice as long as sternite 8, slightly wider than basal part of cercus in lateral view; tip ending at level of basal 1 / 2 of cercus. Sternite 9 (Fig. 7 D) long rod-shaped, posterior 1 / 5 forked. Sternite 10 roughly rectangular, about twice as wide as long; posterior margin with small lobe at middle; anterior margin indistinct. Measurements. Male (n = 33): body length 4.6 – 8.0 mm, wing length 5.3 – 8.7 mm. Female (n = 5): body length 6.6 – 8.9 mm, wing length 5.7 – 7.8 mm.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after Japan. The specific name is a feminine adjective in nominative singular.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Nansei Islands: Amami, Tokunoshima, Okinawa, Ishigaki, and Iriomote Is) (Fig. 10 C).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD4FFFFFF7FF91CFC68FCE4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is similar to an Indian species, E. varaha Alexander, 1956, but is differentiated from it by the following characters: mesonotum grey to brownish grey with dark central stripe and paired pots (brownish black in E. varaha); tergite 9 of male terminalia with outer pair of lobe small, about 1 / 3 length of inner pair (Fig. 6 D) (2 / 3 length of inner pair in E. varaha (Fig. 6 E )); lateral process of aedeagal sheath with distal part wider than basal part, bearing subapical small point at anterior margin, medial part of apical end weakly desclerotized (Fig. 6 J) (distal part not wide, gradually narrow to tip in E. varaha (Fig. 6 K )).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFEFF7FFF02FD82FDAD.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Protohelius issikii Alexander, 1928 (original designation).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFEFF7FFF02FD82FDAD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Prescutum without prescutal and tuberculate pits. Wing with R 1 erect at tip, erect part sometimes indistinct; R 3 very short, at most 1 / 4 length of R 4, basal half erect like crossvein; M 1 + 2 not forked. Legs with tibial spurs absent.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFEFF7FFF02FD82FDAD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This genus includes seven species (1 sp. in the Palaearctic, 2 spp. in the Neoptropical, and 4 spp. in the Oriental Regions) (Oosterbroek 2021).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	description	(Figs 8 A – E, G – H, 9, 10 D)	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ocherous to brownish species with unpatterned wing except stigma (Fig. 8 A). Vertex at narrowest point 1.5 times as wide as scape. Presutural area of mesonotum with three dark stripes. Scutal lobe and mediotergite mainly dark brown. Legs generally yellowish. Cell m 1 + 2 2 – 3 times as long as cell dm. Abdomen weakly dark toward distal segment, yellowish on basal sternites. Lobe of gonostylus with outer lobe not distinctly wide on distal part, inner lobe 3 / 5 length of outer one.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE male, JAPAN, Nansei Islands, Ishigaki Is., Ishigaki-shi, Hirae, trailhead of Mt. Omoto-dake, alt. 180 m, N 24.4177, E 124.1886, 27. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU). PARATYPES: JAPAN: [Nansei Islands] Ishigaki Is.: 1 female, Tonoshiro, Omoto-Minanushinokami, alt. 100 m, N 24.4127, E 124.1766, 26. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 female, same data as holotype; 2 males 2 females, Miyara, Mt. Omoto-dake, alt. 110 m, N 24.4382, E 124.2097, 26. IX. 2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 2 males 1 female, same data as previous except 27. IX. 2013; Iriomote Is.: 1 male, Haeminaka, alt. 170 – 220 m, N 24.2988, E 123.8644, 19. V. 2016, D. Kato (BLKU).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Pale ocherous to grayish ocherous, covered with yellow and dark brown setae; posterior part sometimes more yellowish. Vertex at narrowest point 1.5 times as wide as scape. Antenna dark brown, about three times as long as head; basal two segment ocherous. Scape cylindrical, about twice as long as wide. Pedicel globular, about as long as wide, about as wide as scape and half length of scape. Flagellum 14 - segmented. Flagellomere cylindrical, slightly and gradually narrowed toward apical segment; flagellomere 1 about three times as long as wide; apical segment distinctly short and roundish, about 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 length of penultimate one. Verticils on flagellomeres almost same length in whole segments, at most as long as each segment except apical one. Flagellomeres 1 to 13 covered with whitish pubescences, about 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 length of verticil. Rostrum short, about 2 / 3 length of scape. Palpus 5 - segmented, brown to dark brown; palpomere 2 widest; palpomeres 4 and 5 longest. Labellum dark brown. Thorax. Sparsely covered with short yellow setae. Pronotum dark brown, yellowish on postpronotum. Presutural area of mesonotum yellowish ocherous to dark ocherous, more brownish medially, bearing three darker stripes; median stripe almost same width in whole length, extending from anterior end of mesonotum and ending slightly before transverse suture, sometimes split by capillary paler line on posterior part; lateral stripe about half length and width of middle stripe, situated posterior to level of prescutal pit and reaching at transverse suture. Scutal lobe dark brown, lateral margin and interspace between scutal lobes pale ocherous to ocherous. Scutellum pale ocherous to grayish ocherous. Mediotergite dark brown, yellowish at anterior corner. Pleuron yellow to ocherous; dorsal part sometimes indistinctly darker. Dorsopleural membrane yellow. Prescutal and tuberculate pits absent. Wing (Fig. 8 B) tinged with brown, stigma weakly dark, short oval. Sc ending between level of fork of Rs to crossvein r-m. Crossvein Sc-r situated 4 – 6 times length of itself proximal to tip of Sc. Cell dm 2 – 2.5 times as long as wide. Cell m 1 + 2 2 – 3 times as long as cell dm. Crossvein m-cu situated at basal 1 / 8 – 1 / 3 of cell dm. Legs pale yellow to yellowish ocherous, covered with yellow setae on coxae and trochanters and mainly with brown setae on succeeding segments. Base of fore coxa and distal segments of tarsi darkened. Claw half length of tarsomere 5, strongly curved, with small tooth at base. Halter dark brown; stem passing into yellowish ocherous to base. Abdomen. Brown, weakly darker toward distal segment; basal sternites yellowish. Tergites each often weakly and narrowly dark at lateral and caudal margins. Male terminalia (Fig. 8 C) brown, ocherous on gonocoxite. Tergite 9 weakly concaved medially. Sternite 9 (Fig. 8 D) produced posteriorly, interrupted at middle of caudal margin by deep V-shaped notch. Gonocoxite simple, slightly longer than tergite 9. Clasper of gonostylus (Fig. 8 E) roughly sickle-shaped, wide on basal half, curved near middle; distal half narrow rod-shaped, obtuse at tip; inner margin near base of narrow distal part with triangular lobe. Lobe of gonostylus slightly longer than outer gonostylus, forked near middle; outer lobe longer and curved near base, rounded and not distinctly wide at tip; inner one 3 / 5 length of outer lobe. Interbase (Figs 8 G – H) fused medially to form long and arched bridge. Lateral process of aedeagal sheath narrow distally, long triangular in lateral view; basal parts fused medially to form bridge ventral to aedeagus. Aedeagus short, rod-shaped, ending far before tip of lateral process of aedeagal sheath. Female. Generally resembling male. Claw shorter, 1 / 3 length of tarsomere 5, without small tooth at base. Female terminalia (Figs 9 A – B). Yellow to ocherous, with longitudinal dark stripe on tergite 10. Tergite 8 strongly concaved at middle of posterior margin. Tergite 9 about half width of tergite 8 in lateral view, with very large U-shaped notch at middle of posterior margin. Tergite 10 about 2.3 times as long as wide, narrow on basal 1 / 3 and distal 1 / 5. Cercus amber color, slightly shorter than tergite 10, weakly upcurved toward tip. Sternite 8 (Fig. 9 C) squarish, slightly longer than wide. Hypogynial valve amber color, about twice as long as sternite 8, about twice wider than cercus in lateral view; tip ending near level of middle of cercus. Sternite 9 (Fig. 9 D) with anterior part flat rod-shaped, rounded at tip; lateral side with curved arm directed posteriorly, widened on distal part, rounded at tip; posterior part Y-shaped, broader posteriorly on posterior stalk part, truncated at posterior end. Sternite 10 (Fig. 9 E) roughly V-shaped, wide on middle of each side, arched on outer lateral margin. Measurements. Male (n = 6): body length 5.3 – 6.8 mm, wing length 6.2 – 7.7 mm. Female (n = 5): body length 8.1 – 8.6 mm, wing length 7.3 – 7.8 mm.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after Japan. The specific name is a neuter adjective in nominative singular.	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Nansei Islands).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
03E387ABFFD0FFFCFF7FFDB8FA7CF813.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is similar to a Chinese species, P. tinkhami Alexander, 1938, but is differentiated from it by the following character: anterior vertex narrower than twice width of scape (wider than twice width of scape in P. tinkhami); presutural area of mesonotum and scutal lobes marked with dark brown (unmarked in P. tinkhami); lobe of gonostylus with inner lobe 3 / 5 length of outer one (Fig. 8 E) (half length of outer lobe in P. tinkhami (Fig. 8 F )).	en	Kato, Daichi (2022): Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa 5168 (4): 401-418, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.4.1
