identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E9265730FF9EFFB2FF40F9480D291626.text	E9265730FF9EFFB2FF40F9480D291626.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Schizopathidae Brook 1889	<div><p>Family Schizopathidae Brook, 1889</p> <p>Diagnosis. Polyps with ten internal mesenteries (six primary and four secondary) and a transverse polyp diameter of about 2 mm or more. Colonies usually pinnulate to some degree (see Opresko, 2002 for further discussion). Genera distinguished by characteristic patterns of pinnulation and subpinnulation, i.e., number of rows of primary or secondary pinnules, and/or number of orders of subpinnules, and/or restriction of subpinnules to only certain lower order pinnules.</p> <p>Genera in the family Schizopathidae. Currently there are fourteen genera in the family: Schizopathes (monopodial, with two bilateral rows of alternating pinnules, and a hooked based for anchoring the corallum in soft sediments); Bathypathes (usually monopodial, with two rows of subopposite or alternating simple pinnules); Stauropathes (branched, with two rows of subopposite simple pinnules); Telopathes (older colonies branched, with two rows of subopposite or alternating simple pinnules); Alternatipathes (monopodial or branched, with two rows of alternating pinnules); Dendrobathypathes (branched, with two rows of alternating pinnules, some of which have subpinnules); Dendropathes (branched, with four rows of simple pinnules); Saropathes (usually monopodial, with four rows of simple pinnules in alternating pairs, and simple secondary pinnules on some of the primary pinnules); Lillipathes (usually branched, with four rows of simple pinnules which are also in alternating pairs); Parantipathes (monopodial or branched, with six or more rows of simple pinnules arranged in alternating semispiral groups); Taxipathes (branched, with four to eight rows of simple pinnules arranged in alternating semispiral groups); Umbellapathes (colonies usually with a long stalk topped with pinnules arranged alternately and with or without subpinnules); Abyssopathes (monopodial, with two rows of simple pinnules arranged bilaterally and alternately and one or two rows of anterior pinnules that may be simple or subpinnulated); and Diplopathes gen. nov. (branched, with two rows of simple, bilateral and alternating pinnules).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9265730FF9EFFB2FF40F9480D291626	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Opresko, Dennis M.;Stewart, Rob;Voza, Tatiana;Tracey, Di;Brugler, Mercer R.	Opresko, Dennis M., Stewart, Rob, Voza, Tatiana, Tracey, Di, Brugler, Mercer R. (2022): New genus and species of black coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae). Zootaxa 5169 (1): 31-48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.3
E9265730FF99FFB2FF40FD5B0CF810F5.text	E9265730FF99FFB2FF40FD5B0CF810F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplopathes Opresko & Stewart & Voza & Tracey & Brugler 2022	<div><p>Diplopathes gen. nov. Opresko</p> <p>Type species. Diplopathes antarctica sp. nov. (designated herein).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Corallum sparsely to densely branched; stem and branches pinnulate. Pinnules simple (without subpinnules); arranged bilaterally in two rows and also alternately. Spines smooth, triangular and compressed to conical, usually simple, but sometimes bifurcated and forming double spines; up to about 0.1 mm tall on the polyp side of the axis. Polyps up to 4 mm in transverse diameter; arranged uniserially on branches and pinnules.</p> <p>Species assigned to Diplopathes. Three species are assigned to Diplopathes in this report: D. antarctica sp. nov., D. multipinnata sp. nov., and D. tuatoruensis sp. nov. The major characters used to differentiate the species are the length of the pinnules, the size of the spines, and the density of the branching of the corallum.</p> <p>Distribution. The genus is at present known from the Lord Howe Rise in the SW Pacific and from the Ross Sea in the Southern Ocean (Pacific Antarctic Ridge region inside 60 o South).</p> <p>Etymology. The genus name is derived from the Greek diploos meaning “double” or “twofold”, referring to the two rows of pinnules, and the standard suffix pathes.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9265730FF99FFB2FF40FD5B0CF810F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Opresko, Dennis M.;Stewart, Rob;Voza, Tatiana;Tracey, Di;Brugler, Mercer R.	Opresko, Dennis M., Stewart, Rob, Voza, Tatiana, Tracey, Di, Brugler, Mercer R. (2022): New genus and species of black coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae). Zootaxa 5169 (1): 31-48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.3
E9265730FF99FFBEFF40FB2A0DED1175.text	E9265730FF99FFBEFF40FB2A0DED1175.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplopathes antarctica Opresko & Stewart & Voza & Tracey & Brugler 2022	<div><p>Diplopathes antarctica sp. nov. Opresko &amp; Brugler</p> <p>(Figs 1–3)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype: NIWA 38070, Stn TAN0802/199, 68.108 S, 179.312 W, Site C 31, Scott Seamount B, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.312&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-68.108" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.312/lat -68.108)">Southern Ocean</a>, Pacific Antarctic Ridge, inside 60 o South, 662.0‒605.0 m, 2 March 2008 (USNM 1491422, SEM stub 458; Genbank ON572254). Paratype: NIWA 38674, Stn TAN0802/256, 67.340 S, 179.932 W, Site C 34, Scott Seamount B, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.932&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-67.34" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.932/lat -67.34)">Southern Ocean</a>, Pacific Antarctic Ridge inside 60 o South, 1130–1235 m, 8 March 2008 (USNM 1491412, SEM stub 456; Genbank ON572249). Other material: NIWA 38071, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.312&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-68.108" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.312/lat -68.108)">Stn</a> TAN0802/199, 68.108 S, 179.312 W, Scott Seamount B, 1130‒1235 m, 08 March 2008; NIWA 38203, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.932&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-67.34" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.932/lat -67.34)">Stn</a> TAN0802/256, Site C 31, Scott Seamount B, 67.340 S, 179.932 W, 1130‒1235 m, 08 March 2008; NIWA 38495, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-179.809&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-67.408" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -179.809/lat -67.408)">Stn</a> TAN0802/237, 67.408 S, 179.809 W, Scott Seamount B, 1520–1560 m, 7 March 2008; NIWA 38639, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=179.989&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-67.38" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 179.989/lat -67.38)">Stn</a> TAN0802/251, 67.380 S, 179.989 E, Site C 34, Scott Seamount B, 1450–1541 m, 8 March 2008.</p> <p>Type locality. Southern Ocean, Pacific Antarctic Ridge, Scott Seamount B, 662.0‒605.0 m.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from Scott Seamount B, Southern Ocean,PacificAntarctic Ridge(Fig.1), 605‒1560m.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Corallum planar with very sparse branching to the first order; pinnules bilateral and alternating, usually 2–4 cm long (maximum 7 cm long); pinnular density 16–22 per 3 cm (total for both rows); polypar spines up to 0.1 mm tall; abpolypar spines up to 0.06 mm tall; 3–4 spines per mm in each row; polyps up to 4 mm in transverse diameter; polyp density 2–3.5 per cm.</p> <p>Description. The holotype (NIWA 38070) is about 20 cm tall and about 18 cm wide (Fig. 2A). There is no basal plate, and the stem is pinnulated down to its broken basal end. The corallum has one large branch about 14 cm long and several very short branches; all the branches lie in the same plane as the stem. The pinnules are arranged bilaterally and alternately in two rows. The pinnules do not occur in more than two rows on any part of the corallum. The interior angle formed between the two rows of pinnules is near 180, and the pinnules are slightly inclined such that the distal angle formed with the stem or branches is mostly 70‒80. The length of most pinnules is in the range of 3‒4 cm, but the maximum length is 7 cm, with a basal diameter of 0.5 mm. The pinnules are spaced 3‒5 mm apart in each row, with 8‒10 per 3 cm in each row. Counting the pinnules in both rows, there are 16‒18 per 3 cm, and 28‒30 pinnules per 5 cm.</p> <p>The spines (Fig. 2B) on the pinnules are conical, smooth, with an acute apex. The polypar spines are larger than the abpolypar spines. On pinnules 0.24‒0.40 mm in diameter, the polypar spines are 0.086 ‒0.103 mm tall, the abpolypar spines 0.05‒0.06 mm. The spines are arranged in axial rows, with 4‒6 rows visible in lateral view. Within the rows, the spines are spaced 0.22‒0.37 mm apart, resulting in 3‒4 spines per mm. On some pinnules spines become bifurcated or trifurcated at the apex and eventually form double and triple spines. Thus, on parts of some pinnules, and especially near the proximal end, there can be many more spines present than those in the primary axial rows.</p> <p>Polyps are arranged uniserially on one side of the pinnules; they are 2.5‒3 mm in transverse diameter, resulting in 3‒3.5 polyps per cm.</p> <p>The paratype (NIWA 38674, Fig. 3A) is similar to the holotype in being only sparsely branched to the first order with bilateral alternating pinnules. The pinnules are mostly 2‒4 cm long (maximum about 5 mm) and the pinnular density is 18‒22 (total for both rows) per 3 cm. As in the holotype, the spines (Fig. 3C) are conical and acute, and some are bifurcated or trifurcated. On a pinnule 0.23 mm in diameter, the polypar spines are 0.09 mm and the abpolypar spines 0.04 mm. On a pinnule 0.32 mm, the polypar spines are 0.07 mm, and the abpolypar spines 0.05 mm. The density of the spines is 3‒4 per mm in each axial row. The polyps (Fig. 3B) are slightly larger than those in the holotype; measuring up to about 4 mm in transverse diameter, with 2‒2.5 per cm.</p> <p>DNA sequencing indicated that the paratype (NIWA 38674) possessed the same cox3 -IGR- cox1 haplotype as the holotype (NIWA 38070). The other four specimens assigned to this species (NIWA 38071, NIWA 38203, NIWA 38495, and NIWA 38639) also had the same cox3 -IGR- cox1 haplotype as the holotype. Sequence data corresponding to nuclear SRP54 were obtained for four of the six specimens (the holotype NIWA 38070, the paratype NIWA 38674, NIWA 38071, and NIWA 38495) and revealed a unique genetic signature for the paratype (NIWA 38674) when compared to the other four specimens (the SRP54 gene for NIWA 38674 contained five nucleotide substitutions and three deletions [2, 9, and 21 bp in length]).</p> <p>Comparisons. Diplopathes antarctica sp. nov. forms a sparsely branched corallum similar to that seen in D. tuatoruensis sp. nov. (see below). It differs from D. tuatoruensis in having smaller pinnules (typically 2‒4 cm vs. 5‒7 cm), a slightly greater pinnular density (16‒22 per cm vs. 14‒16 per cm), larger spines (up to 0.103 mm vs. up to 0.045 mm) and less crowded spines (3‒4 per mm vs. 5‒7 per mm) (see also Table 3).</p> <p>Genetic Distances. A K2P-based genetic distance analysis based on cox3-cox1 indicated a 0.61% separation between D. antarctica sp. nov. (NIWA 38070) and D. multipinnata sp. nov. (NIWA 88617), and a 1.73% separation between D. antarctica (NIWA 38070) and D. tuatoruensis sp. nov. (NIWA 16055).</p> <p>Etymology. The species name antarctica is in reference to the fact that the type material was collected from Scott Seamount B, along the Pacific Antarctic Ridge, in the Southern Ocean.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9265730FF99FFBEFF40FB2A0DED1175	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Opresko, Dennis M.;Stewart, Rob;Voza, Tatiana;Tracey, Di;Brugler, Mercer R.	Opresko, Dennis M., Stewart, Rob, Voza, Tatiana, Tracey, Di, Brugler, Mercer R. (2022): New genus and species of black coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae). Zootaxa 5169 (1): 31-48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.3
E9265730FF95FFBFFF40FAA00C02120D.text	E9265730FF95FFBFFF40FAA00C02120D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplopathes multipinnata Opresko & Stewart & Voza & Tracey & Brugler 2022	<div><p>Diplopathes multipinnata sp. nov. Opresko &amp; Stewart</p> <p>(Fig. 1, 4)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype: NIWA 88617, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=162.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 162.7/lat -34.2)">Stn</a> TRIP3883 /55, 34.2 S, 162.7 E, Lord Howe Rise, South West Pacific, 478‒685 m, 10 October 2013 (USNM 1491425, SEM stub 457, Genbank ON572256). Other material: NIWA 95270, Stn TRIP4543 /5, 64.5 S, 177.6 E, Ross Sea, Pacific Antarctic Ridge, 1048.0–1477.0 m, 3 December 2015; NIWA 95271, Stn TRIP4543 /8, 64.2 S, 177.6 E, Ross Sea, Pacific Antarctic Ridge, 1677.0–1636.0 m, 4 December 2015; NIWA 95273, Stn TRIP4543 /8, 64.2ºS, 177.6 E, Ross Sea, Pacific Antarctic Ridge, 1677.0–1636.0 m, 4 December 2015.</p> <p>Type locality. Lord Howe Rise, 478‒685 m.</p> <p>Distribution. Lord Howe Rise in the SW Pacific, and the Ross Sea, Pacific Antarctic Ridge (Fig. 1); 478–1636 m.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Corallum planar and densely branched to second and third order; pinnules bilateral and alternating, usually less than 1 cm long (maximum 3 cm); pinnular density 11–16 per 3 cm (total for both rows); polypar spines up to 0.1 mm tall; abpolypar spines up to 0.09 mm tall; 4–5 spines per mm in each row; polyps up to 4 mm in transverse diameter; polyp density 2.5 per cm.</p> <p>Description. The holotype (NIWA 88617) is a complete colony approximately 28 cm tall and 17 cm wide, with a basal stem diameter of about 2 mm (Fig. 4A). It is branched mostly to the second order. The stem and branches are pinnulate; the pinnules are placed in two lateral rows and also arranged in an alternating pattern; there are no signs of more than two rows of pinnules on any part of the corallum. The unpinnulated basal part of the stem is 2.4 cm long, and the stem extends to the top of the corallum. Most of the pinnules originating on the stem are developed into pinnulated branches which can be 10 cm or more in length. On the lower part of the stem the pinnules are 3.6–4.4 mm apart on each side of the axis, resulting in a total of 15–16 pinnules per 3 cm. A similar pinnular density occurs on the upper part of the stem and on most of the branches; although in a few locations the pinnules are much further apart resulting in as few as 11 pinnules per 3 cm. The pinnules are mostly 1 cm or less in length; however, some are up to 1.5 cm long. Fusions occur among the pinnules, especially on the outer parts of the corallum. The pinnules on the lower part of the stem do not become pinnulated for a distance of up to 2.5 cm from the stem, thus giving that part of the corallum a more open appearance along the stem. In most other places on stem and branches the distance to the first pinnules is 0.5 to 1.0 cm.</p> <p>The spines (Fig. 4B) on the pinnules are conical, smooth, with a rounded apex. The polypar and abpolypar spines are nearly equal in size. The spines are about as wide at the base (in an axial direction) as they are tall. On pinnules 0.29–0.35 mm in diameter, the polypar spines are 0.078‒0.1 mm tall, the abpolypar spines 0.05‒0.09 mm. The spines are arranged in axial rows, with 3‒6 rows visible in lateral view. Within the rows, the spines are spaced 0.24‒0.37 mm apart, resulting in 4–5 spines per mm. The size and density of the polyps could not be determined.</p> <p>Three additional specimens are assigned to this species. All are similar to the holotype in having fusions among neighboring pinnules and in having relatively small spines that are equally wide as tall. In NIWA 95270, the pinnules reach a maximum length of 2.5 cm; there are 14‒15 pinnules per 3 cm; and the polypar spines are 0.08 mm tall. In NIWA 95271, the pinnules are up to 3 cm long; there are 16–17 pinnules per 3 cm, and the spines are up to 0.08 mm tall. In NIWA 95273, the pinnules are up to 3 cm long; there are 14‒15 pinnules per 3 cm and the spines are 0.08 mm tall. In this last colony the polyps were found to be 3.5–4 mm in transverse diameter, with a density of ~2.5 per cm.</p> <p>Comparisons. Diplopathes multipinnata differs from both D. antarctica and D. tuatoruensis (see below) in having a much more densely branched corallum. In D. multipinnata almost every pinnule originating on the stem becomes pinnulated, whereas in the other two species only a few of the stem pinnules develop into branches. In addition, the length of the pinnules (1.5 to 3 cm) is less than that of the other two species (Table 3). The size of the polypar spines (0.08–0.1 mm) is similar to that of D. antarctica (0.09–0.1 mm), but greater than that in D. tuatoruensis (0.035 –0.046 mm). Diplopathes multipinnata is also more similar to D. antarctica in having slightly larger polyps than D. tuatoruensis.</p> <p>In general appearance Diplopathes multipinnata is similar to Lillipathes ritamariae Opresko &amp; Breedy, 2010. The latter species forms large densely branched flabellate colonies with pinnules that are alternately arranged in two lateral rows over much of the corallum, but in four rows on some branches, especially near the distal ends of the branches. In both species many branches and pinnules become fused together. In L. ritamariae the pinnules are up to 1.5 cm long, the density of the pinnules is 10–14 per cm when four rows are present, and 14–16 per 3 cm when only two rows are present; the polypar spines are up to 0.12 mm tall, and the polyps are mostly 2.4–2.6 mm in transverse diameter (3–3.5 per cm). The major differences between the two species are in the size of the polyps and in the presence of four rows of pinnules in L. ritamariae.</p> <p>Genetic Distances. A K2P-based genetic distance analysis based on cox3-cox1 indicated a 0.61% separation between D. multipinnata (NIWA 88617) and D. antarctica (NIWA 38070), and a 1.29% separation between D. multipinnata (NIWA 88617) and D. tuatoruensis (NIWA 16055).</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin multus, much, and penna, feather, in reference to many pinnulated branches on the colony.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9265730FF95FFBFFF40FAA00C02120D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Opresko, Dennis M.;Stewart, Rob;Voza, Tatiana;Tracey, Di;Brugler, Mercer R.	Opresko, Dennis M., Stewart, Rob, Voza, Tatiana, Tracey, Di, Brugler, Mercer R. (2022): New genus and species of black coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae). Zootaxa 5169 (1): 31-48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.3
E9265730FF94FFBBFF40F9450B2F1101.text	E9265730FF94FFBBFF40F9450B2F1101.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplopathes tuatoruensis Opresko & Stewart & Voza & Tracey & Brugler 2022	<div><p>Diplopathes tuatoruensis sp. nov. Opresko &amp; Tracey</p> <p>(Figs 1, 5)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype: NIWA 16055, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=177.205&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-37.471" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 177.205/lat -37.471)">Stn</a> TAN0413/68, 37.471 S, 177.205 E, Bay of Plenty, Tuatoru Knoll, off the northeast coast of the North Island of New Zealand, 200–295 m, 11 November 2004 (USNM SEM stub 295; Genbank ON572255). Paratype: NIWA 41698, Stn TAN0802/302, 67.135 S, 171.144 E, Admiralty Seamount, 897–996 m, 13 March 2008.</p> <p>Type locality. Tuatoru Knoll, Bay of Plenty, off the northeast coast of the North Island of New Zealand; 200– 295 m.</p> <p>* cox3 -IGR- cox1 sequence data for Lillipathes sp. (USNM 1404089; OGL extract ID E24330), which is included in Figure 6, had not been previously published (GenBank Accession Number ON572280)</p> <p>s = stem; br = branch.</p> <p>Distribution. Bay of Plenty; Admiralty Seamount (Fig. 1); 200– 996 m.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Corallum planar, sparsely branched to the first order, rarely more; pinnules bilateral and alternating, mostly 5–7 cm long (maximum 10 cm); pinnular density 14–16 per 3 cm (total for both rows); polypar spines up to 0.045 mm tall; abpolypar spines up to 0.04 mm tall; 5–7 spines per mm in each row; polyps 2.8–3.2 mm in transverse diameter; polyp density 3–4 per cm.</p> <p>Description. The holotype (NIWA 16055) is 29 cm tall and about 16 cm wide (Fig. 5A). The stem extends to top of corallum and has a diameter of 2.5 mm just above the base. Branching is to the first order only, mostly in one plane, but with overlapping branches. The branches are formed from elongated pinnules that become pinnulated themselves. The longest branch is 20 cm and 2.2 mm in diameter at the proximal end. The pinnules are arranged bilaterally and alternately, and over almost all of the corallum there are only two rows of pinnules; however, very rarely, an extra pinnule occurs on one or the other side of the axis, thus forming a pair, the members of which are slightly offset from one another. Pinnules are mostly 4‒5 mm apart in each row, with 14‒16 (total for both rows) per 3 cm, and 23‒27 pinnules per 5 cm of branch length. The pinnules are mostly 5‒7 cm in length (maximum 10 cm) and about 0.6 mm in diameter near the proximal end. They are inclined distally (distal angle formed with the stem about 60‒75); and the interior angle formed by the two rows of pinnules is close to 180 at their points of insertion.</p> <p>The spines (Fig. 5C) are simple, triangular, smooth, laterally compressed, and flared out along the axis proximally and distally, almost forming ridges (most notable on the thicker parts of the pinnules); apex acute to slightly rounded. Spines stand out at right angles to the pinnular axis. On pinnules 0.12‒0.15 mm in diameter, polypar spines are 0.03‒ 0.04 mm tall, abpolypar spines 0.026 ‒0.036 mm tall. The spines are arranged in longitudinal rows, three to six of which can be seen in one lateral view. Within each row the spines are 0.11‒0.20 mm apart, resulting in 6‒8 per mm. On pinnules 0.23‒0.26 mm in diameter, the polypar spines are 0.035 ‒0.045 mm tall; abpolypar spines 0.028 ‒0.040 mm tall; spines 0.13‒0.29 mm apart (5‒7 per mm); five to six rows visible in lateral view. Rows of spines appear to be more crowded together on one side of axis on some parts of the pinnules.</p> <p>The polyps (Fig. 5B) are 2.8‒3.2 mm in transverse diameter (measured from the distal side of the distal lateral tentacles to the proximal side of the proximal lateral tentacles). They are uniserially arranged on the upper or lateral side of pinnules leaving one side of corallum without polyps. The density of the polyps is 3‒4 per cm.</p> <p>The paratype (NIWA 41698) is very similar to the holotype in size, branching and pinnulation. The stem extends to the top of the corallum and is about 33 cm long. Branching is mostly to the first order.</p> <p>Comparisons. As noted above, D. tuatoruensis resembles D. antarctica in density of branching, but differs in having longer and slightly less crowded pinnules, and smaller and more crowded spines (Table 3).</p> <p>Genetic Distances. A K2P-based genetic distance analysis based on cox3-cox1 indicated that D. tuatoruensis (NIWA 16055) is genetically 1.29% and 1.73% removed from D. multipinnata (NIWA 88617) and D. antarctica (NIWA 38070), respectively. This is reflected morphologically in the fact that D. tuatoruensis differs from the other two species in the length of the pinnules, the size of the spines, and in the size of the polyps (Table 3).</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is in reference to the type locality, Tuatoru Knoll in the Bay of Plenty.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9265730FF94FFBBFF40F9450B2F1101	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Opresko, Dennis M.;Stewart, Rob;Voza, Tatiana;Tracey, Di;Brugler, Mercer R.	Opresko, Dennis M., Stewart, Rob, Voza, Tatiana, Tracey, Di, Brugler, Mercer R. (2022): New genus and species of black coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae). Zootaxa 5169 (1): 31-48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.3
