identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E84BF265FFB0FFA9FF36FA1BFD15B896.text	E84BF265FFB0FFA9FF36FA1BFD15B896.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odontura trilineata (Haan 1843)	<div><p>Odontura trilineata (Haan, 1843)</p> <p>Haan, 1843. In: Temminck (ed.), Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlansche Overzeesche Bezittingen 19/20: 185; type locality: Tripoli, Libya; depository: NBC, Leiden (♀).</p> <p>Description by de Haan (1843): ‘ vagina brevi, recurvata, denticulata; tibiis anticis quadriseriatim spinulosis, foramine ovato; vertice supra plerumque bilineato; antennis flavis; prothorace subangulato, flavo, angulis lateralibus albis; linea intus fusco-marginata in caput producta; abdomine flavo, fasciis tribus nigris continuis picto; pedibus flavis ’ (translated from Latin: ovipositor short, curved, toothed; fore tibiae with four rows of spines, tympanum open; dorsal vertex usually with two lines; yellow antennae, pronotum sub-angulated, yellow, lateral corners white; median line with brown margins and extending to the head; yellow abdomen, with three black continuous stripes; yellowish legs).</p> <p>O. trilineata is the easternmost Mediterranean representative of the genus and the least known. Indeed, this species, described from Tripoli (Libya), was not encountered again after de Haan described it (Fontana &amp; Buzzetti 2004; Massa 2009). For this reason, the opportunity to examine any specimens of this species did not present itself. However, the distinctive three continuous black stripes on the abdomen are not present in any of the other species of Odontura. It is thus evident that O. trilineata differs appreciably from other species of Mediterranean Odontura, rendering its identification relatively straightforward.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E84BF265FFB0FFA9FF36FA1BFD15B896	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Massa, Bruno	Massa, Bruno (2022): A review of the Odontura (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae) from Italy, Malta, Algeria and Tunisia. Zootaxa 5168 (5): 561-577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.5
E84BF265FFB3FFAAFF36FF1DFBD3B8F5.text	E84BF265FFB3FFAAFF36FF1DFBD3B8F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odontura algerica Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878	<div><p>Odontura algerica Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878</p> <p>Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878. Monographie der Phaneropteriden 72, 75; type locality: Algeria; depository: NHM, Vienna (syntypes ♂ and ♀).</p> <p>Odontura borrei Bolívar, 1878 new synonym</p> <p>Bolívar, 29 October 1878, Ann. Soc. Entom. Belgique 21: 71; type locality: Constantine (Algeria); depository: MNCN, Madrid (holotype ♀) (see also Paris 1994).</p> <p>Material examined. Algeria (♂, ♀ syntypi) (NHM); Algeria, Algiers 13.IV.1942 (1♂, 1♀); Algeria, Tagremaret V.1949 (1♂); Algeria, Saida 19.V.1949 (1♂); Algeria, Oran (1♂); Algeria, Kabylie (1♂); Algeria, Yakouren (1♂); Algeria, Col des Oliviers (1♂); Tunisia, Ain Draham (2♂) (MNCN); Algeria (2♂, 2♀) (MNHP); Tunisia, Ain Draham 25–27.V.2010, F. Angelini (1♂) (BMPC); Algeria, Constantine (♀ holotypus of O. borrei) (MNCN); Algeria, Constantine, Ain Nahass 23.IV.2019, N. Benkenana (2♂, 1♀) (BMPC).</p> <p>Remarks. In O. algerica, the male cerci are quite distinctive and therefore relatively unmistakable, with a small incurved apical spine (Figure 1a). In both O. algerica females and the O. borrei female holotype (Figures 2a–2c), the tegmina barely overlap. The length of the ovipositor of the O. borrei holotype is 11.1 mm, while that of O. algerica is 9.9±0.8 (min–max: 8.9–10.7). When Bolívar (1878) described Odontura borrei, he based his description solely on the female and without suggesting any reliable characters that would permit separation from other species of the genus, beyond mentioning the fact that the tegmina are slightly overlapping (Figure 2b)—a common feature also in O. algerica. He also drew attention to the lateral keels on the pronotum, a barely visible character which, however, is present in the females of other species. The shape of the cerci of the two male specimens from the Constantine area, housed in the BMPC collection, matches that of O. algerica typically with a small apical incurved spine. Llorente &amp; Pinedo (1990), citing Chopard (1943), listed O. borrei males from the Aurés Mts., and from a number of Tunisian localities, including the north-western region which together with the Aurés, form part of the Atlas Mountain system. However, no males from the Constantine area, where the female holotype was described, were alluded to, nor were any key characters, such as the cerci, illustrated. On the basis of prevailing morphological evidence, the present authors are of the opinion that males of the taxon from the Constantine area should match morphological characters of O. borrei far more closely than those from the Atlas system (comprising the Aurés Mts. and localities from north-western Tunisia). Incidentally, Finot (1895) reported this species from Batna, Philippeville (= Skikda), Oran, Bordj Menaiel, Chabet el Ameur, Guyotville (= Aïn Benian) in Algeria, and from Tunis-Carthage, Ksour el Maltei (toponym unverified by present authors), Makter (= Maktar), Bir-Arrach (= Bir Khalifa-Ben Harrach), Gafsa, Djebel-Berda, Kerkenna Is., Feriana-elHaidra (= Firyanah-El Haydrah) in Tunisia.</p> <p>Indeed, Finot (1895) also considered the possibility of O. borrei being conspecific with O. algerica, with both coincidentally described in the same year; in the case of the latter, the description was based on both male and female specimens. More recently Defaut (1998) confirmed the synonymy but emphasized what was already written by Finot (1895), essentially, that it is unclear which species has priority. On this matter it may be worth noting that while on the cover of the issue in which Bolívar’s contribution (1878) was published the date of 29 th October was included, in that of Brunner von Wattenwyl (1878), there is no date. However, it appears to have been published in April, as established by S. Randolf (pers. comm.) from the endpaper of the publication, on which the following was written: “dem k. k. zoologischen Kabinet hochachtungsvoll von dem Verfasser” (Eng. transl.: “to the Imperial and Royal Zoological Cabinet respectfully from the author”) next to which, in pencil, was the date “1/4”, and below it “VI.2.”, the date of admission to the library, details of which would presumably be included in the library index card. Moreover, a letter from Stål, dated 6.4.187 8, stated the following (transl. to English): “ Dear Sir! I thank you very much for kindly sending a copy of your monograph on the Phaneropterids ”. It is evident, therefore, that the name Odontura algerica Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 has precedence over Odontura borrei Bolívar, 1878, which in turn becomes the junior synonym.</p> <p>La Greca (1994) and Baccetti et al. (1995) attributed the name O. borrei to specimens recorded from the island of Lampedusa. However, these were erroneously identified, as reported below. Interestingly, the range of O. algerica and O. quadridentata Krauss, 1893 appears to overlap, as is evident from specimen records at the MNCN, Madrid, which were both collected in May 1949 from the same site (Tagremaret).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E84BF265FFB3FFAAFF36FF1DFBD3B8F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Massa, Bruno	Massa, Bruno (2022): A review of the Odontura (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae) from Italy, Malta, Algeria and Tunisia. Zootaxa 5168 (5): 561-577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.5
E84BF265FFB4FFA1FF36FF1DFED9BCED.text	E84BF265FFB4FFA1FF36FF1DFED9BCED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odontura martae Massa 2022	<div><p>Odontura martae sp. nov.</p> <p>As reported above, La Greca (1994) and Baccetti et al. (1995) both recorded Odontura borrei from the island of Lampedusa, basing their identification on the taxonomic key published by Llorente &amp; Pinedo (1990). However, as has already been demonstrated, O. borrei is a junior synonym of O. algerica. Thus, the species that occurs on the island of Lampedusa and also in central-north Tunisia, uniquely characterized by male cerci apically folded at right angles, is presently unnamed. In view of the foregoing, a new species is herewith proposed by the present authors and described; it is being accorded the name (nomen novum) Odontura martae.</p> <p>Material examined. <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.591944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.511944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.591944/lat 35.511944)">Sicily</a>, Lampedusa Is. (35°30’43”N, 12°35’31”E) (♂ holotypus, 4♂ 7♀ paratypi) (MSNG); Sicily, Lampedusa Is. 7–9.IV.1987, F. Lo Valvo (3♂, 1♀ paratypi); 20.IV.1996, T. La Mantia (1♀ paratypus); 26.III.1997, T. La Mantia (1♂ paratypus); 17.IV.1997, A. Catalisano (2♀ paratypi); 4–5.IV.2022, L. F. Cassar &amp; B. Massa (4♂, 2♀ paratypi) (BMPC); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.684444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.77722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.684444/lat 36.77722)">Ain Draham</a> (36°46’38”N, 8°41’04”E) 31.V.1993, B. Massa (1♂ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.031944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.359722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.031944/lat 34.359722)">La Skhira</a> (34°21’35”N, 10°01’55”E) 1.VI.1979, B. Massa (1♂, 2♀ paratypi); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.673334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.629444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.673334/lat 35.629444)">Thala</a> (35°37’46”N, 8°40’24”E) 3.VI.1979, B. Massa (3♂, 1♀ paratypi); Tunisia, Kairouan (35°39’57”N, 10°06’09”E) 8.V.1992, I. Sparacio (3♂ paratypi); Tunisia, Zaghouan (36°25’10”N, 10°08’19”E) 10.V.1992, I. Sparacio (1♂ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.248334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.471947" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.248334/lat 36.471947)">Teboursouk</a> (36°28’19”N, 9°14’54”E) 21.V.2010, F. Angelini (1♂ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.735278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.743057" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.735278/lat 36.743057)">Beni M’Tir</a> (36°44’35”N, 8°44’07”E) 26.V.2010, F. Angelini (1♂ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.065001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.96611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.065001/lat 36.96611)">Protville</a> (36°57’58”N, 10°03’54”E) 26.V.2010, F. Angelini (2♂, 1♀ paratypi); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.927778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.995277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.927778/lat 36.995277)">Cap Bon</a> (36°59’43”N, 10°55’40”E) 4.VI.1979, B. Massa (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.196667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.927223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.196667/lat 36.927223)">Sebka</a> Tunis (36°55’38”N, 10°11’48”E) 5.VI.1979, B. Massa (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, Sakiet sidi <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.363611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.223335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.363611/lat 36.223335)">Youssef</a> (36°13’24”N, 8°21’49”E) 31.V.1993, B. Massa (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, Sousse (35°56’07”N, 10°27’09”E) 7.V.1992, I. Sparacio (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.361945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.819443" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.361945/lat 35.819443)">Kasra</a> (35°49’10”N, 9°21’43”E) 19.V.2010, F. Angelini (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.735278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.292778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.735278/lat 35.292778)">Thala-Kasserine</a> (35°17’34”N, 8°44’07”E) 17.V.2010, F. Angelini (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.684444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.77722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.684444/lat 36.77722)">Ain Draham</a> (36°46’38”N, 8°41’04”E) 25–27.V.2010, F. Angelini (6♂ paratypi) (BMPC); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.684444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.663055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.684444/lat 36.663055)">Fernana</a> (36°39’47”N, 8°41’04”E), Gadeau (1♂, 1♀ paratypi); Tunisia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.758889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.96389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.758889/lat 36.96389)">Ile de Tabarka</a> (36°57’50”N, 8°45’32”E), Gadeau (1♀ paratypus); Tunisia, col Allanquet, Dubrony (1♂, 2♀ paratypi) (MNCN).</p> <p>Description. Male (Figures 3a–3b). Colour. Green, with three longitudinal lines, of which the central lightcoloured one (ranging from whitish to a pale yellow across individuals) runs lengthwise on the pronotum and abdomen; flanking either side of this middle line are marginally broader parallel lines, whitish in colour on the pronotum and bicoloured on the abdomen, with a whitish outer and inner purple coloration that reaches the tip of the abdomen; the margin between tergites and sternites is also whitish. The lower area of paranota is whitish. Head and antennae. Fastigium of vertex very narrow, scarcely furrowed above, separated from the fastigium of frons, which is tuberculated. Eyes rounded and slightly protrusive. Antennae longer than the body. Thorax. Pronotum small, round above, anterior margin a little concave, posterior straight, lower margin of lateral lobes widely rounded. Tegmina very short with convex fore margin and rounded apex, second pairs of wings atrophic. Stridulatory area of left tegmen raised, speculum of right tegmen wide, oval, the stridulatory file under the left tegmen is arched and consists of three series of 15–17 teeth, with the distal ones more spaced, the central ones less spaced, and the proximal ones lower and very close to each other (Figures 4a–4b). Legs. All limbs comparatively long, fore coxae unarmed, fore tibiae furrowed on upper margin, distinctly widening on tympanum area. Tympana open on inner and outer sides. Fore, mid and hind femora unarmed, fore and mid tibiae with 4–5 spines on inner and outer ventral and dorsal margins, hind tibiae with 4–5 outer and 2–3 inner ventral spines and more than 20 spines on both sides of dorsal margins + 2 spurs on each apical side. Abdomen. Tenth tergite with a straight margin, subgenital plate concave, styli absent. Cerci stout, apically folded at right angle (Figures 1c–1d).</p> <p>Female (Figure 3c). Same common characters as in the male, but slightly more robust and stout. Overall colour green, similar to the male, but with three longitudinal whitish lines, thus lacking the purple line. Tegmina very short, less than pronotum, overlapped. Subgenital plate short and wide with a pointed hind tip (Figure 4e). Ovipositor long and gently upcurved with several spines on dorsal and ventral margins.</p> <p>Measurements (in mm). Males. Body length: 14.4±1.4 (11.9–17.0); length of pronotum: 2.8±0.2 (2.5–3.1); length of tegmina: 2.9±0.2 (2.5–3.1); length of hind femora: 15.7±1.3 (13.5–18.0). Females. Body length: 18.2±2.6 (14.0–21.5); length of pronotum: 3.4±0.3 (2.9–3.9); length of tegmina: 2.1±0.5 (1.7–3.0); length of hind femora: 17.4±0.9 (16.4–19.2); length of the ovipositor: 10.1±0.6 (9.4–11.9).</p> <p>Etymology. Odontura martae sp. nov. is dedicated to Marta Visentin, as a sign of affection and friendship; she accompanied the present authors to Lampedusa in April 2022 when some specimens of Odontura were collected.</p> <p>Habitat description of the locus typicus on the island of Lampedusa. (Figure 5). Odontura martae sp. nov. was noted to occur in two principal biotope types on Lampedusa. One is based on ‘old-field’ succession colonizing former agricultural plots and the other on a mosaic of labiate and composite garrigues with steppic elements on coastal karstland. The species was recorded from at least two localities (and potentially a third), namely, (i) the coastal karst at Cala Francese, and (ii) within long-abandoned agricultural fields on the NW periphery of the main town, in ruderal vegetation. The specimens recorded from these two locations were all in adult phase and therefore presented no difficulties in determination. In addition, unidentified second-instar nymphs were noted on the field margins of fallow plots near the harbour area, where patches of a predominantly mesic environment (given the area forms part of the mouth of a seasonal valley bed) seem to prevail. These rather small individuals proved much too underdeveloped for a positive determination, even to genus level, although they did bear a resemblance with Odontura. In view of this uncertainty, the description of the locus typicus of the species will focus on the two locations that were confirmed to host the species. The floral associations cited below are mainly referenced from Bartolo et al. (1990).</p> <p>The coastal habitat at Cala Francese is characterised by a gently sloping karst and colonised by the following biotopes (or in-part assemblages) and key floral elements: Coridothymo capitati-Cistetum parviflora Bartolo, Brullo, Minissale &amp; Spampinato 1990 (characterised by the typical species of this Association, together with a fair coverage of Phagnalon rupestre), Chiliadenetum lopadusani Bartolo, Brullo, Minissale &amp; Spampinato 1990 (with a predominant presence of Chiliadenus lopadusanus, Triadenia aegyptica and Lotus cytisoides), Filagini-Daucetum lopadusani Brullo 1985, Lavateretum cretico-arboreae Br.-Bl. &amp; Molinier 1935, and sparsely distributed archaeophytes such as Ficus carica within rocky, soil-filled depressions. Odontura martae sp. nov. mainly occurred within dense, low-lying shrubbery.</p> <p>The habitat on the northwest periphery of the main town consists of an ‘old field’ succession, comprising various pioneer species, ranging from ruderal to more stable assemblages. On the basis of the Corine Biotope categories, it is classified as “Mediterranean subnitrophilous grass communities” (code: 34.81). In terms of ecological succession, such assemblage has the potential of developing into a xeric grasslands community (6220* = priority habitat of the EU Habitats Directive) and subsequently a phrygana, comprising elements of habitats 5430, 5330 and 5334 (La Mantia et al. 2009). In most areas, the vegetation is generally low but patches of a taller shrubbery, particularly those colonised by relatively dense stands of Foeniculum vulgare ssp. piperitum, also occur. The following main biotopes (or in-part assemblages) colonize the site: Hordeo-Sisymbrietum orientalis Oberd. 1954, Plantagini-Carrichteretum annuae Bartolo, Brullo, Minissale &amp; Spampinato 1990, and Polycarpo-Spergularietum rubrae Brullo &amp; Marcenò 1976.</p> <p>Affinities. The cerci of Odontura martae sp. nov. are apically folded at right angle (Figures 1c–1d), while those of O. stenoxypha are apically incurved, quite abruptly (Figure 1f), those of O. calaritana are apically gently incurved (Figure 1e), and those of O. algerica have only a small apical spine (Figures 1a–1b). The male subgenital plate of the four species may be rounded or V-shaped, and, as a consequence, these do not represent a reliable diagnostic character. For the same reason, the female subgenital plate (Figures 4d, 4e, 4f) cannot be used as a diagnostic character. Conversely, the length of the ovipositor is a good character to distinguish O. martae sp. nov. from O. stenoxypha; from specimens examined, it transpired that in O. martae sp. nov. the ovipositor measured 10.1±0.6 (min–max: 9.4–11.9), while in O. stenoxypha it was 9.3±0.60 (min–max: 8.2–10.3). A significant variance in ovipositor length between O. stenoxypha and O. martae sp. nov. was detected (Student’s t-test = -2.982, P = 0.008, fd = 18). The ovipositor of the holotype of O. borrei is 11.1, the length of the ovipositor in O. algerica 9.9±0.8 (min–max: 8.9–10.7); no statistical differences were found neither between the length of the ovipositor of O. algerica and O. martae sp. nov., nor between O. stenoxypha and O. algerica. Concerning the stridulatory file, we examined those of O. martae sp. nov. from Lampedusa and from Tunisia, O. stenoxypha from Sicily (Ficuzza), O. algerica from Algeria and O. quadridentata from Algeria; in the specimens analysed, three series of 14–16 teeth were found to be common to all, with the distal ones more spaced, the central ones less spaced, and the proximal ones lower and very close to each other (Figures 4a, 4b, 4c). In summary, when comparing stridulatory files of specimens of different taxa, no evident differences were observed.</p> <p>Interestingly, O. martae sp. nov. and O. algerica have been collected in the same locality and on the same date (Tunisia, Ain Draham 25.V.2010). It was possible to separate males by the cerci shape and the female by the presence of distinctly overlapped (O. martae sp. nov.) or just minimally overlapped tegmina (O. algerica).</p> <p>Distribution. O. martae sp. nov. is distributed in central-north Tunisia and on the Italian island of Lampedusa.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E84BF265FFB4FFA1FF36FF1DFED9BCED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Massa, Bruno	Massa, Bruno (2022): A review of the Odontura (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae) from Italy, Malta, Algeria and Tunisia. Zootaxa 5168 (5): 561-577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.5
E84BF265FFB8FFA4FF36FC58FB77BF95.text	E84BF265FFB8FFA4FF36FC58FB77BF95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odontura stenoxypha (Fieber 1853)	<div><p>Odontura stenoxypha (Fieber, 1853)</p> <p>Fieber, 1853, Lotos, 3: 187 (Barbitistes stenoxypha); type locality: Sicily (Italy); depository: NHM, Vienna (holotype ♀).</p> <p>Odontura arcuata Messina, 1981 new synonym</p> <p>Messina, 1981, Animalia, 8: 19; type locality: Egadi Is, north Sicily; depository: AMUC (syntypes ♂ and ♀, lost?).</p> <p>Material examined. Sicily, Ficuzza, ex Fieber (♀, probable holotypus, ♀ syntypus); Sicily, Palermo, Mt. Pellegrino 10.IV.1913 (2♂) (NHM); Sicily, Taormina, Krauss (2♂, 2♀) (MNCN); Sicily, Palermo, Mt. Pellegrino 10.IV.1913 (1♂) (MNHP); Sicily, Lentini surroundings 5.IV.1961, A. Servadei (1♂); Sicily, Egadi Is., Favignana 3.IV.1990, B. Baccetti (6♂, 3♀); Sicily, Egadi Is., Favignana 27.IV.1991, B. Baccetti (5♂); Sicily, Egadi Is., Favignana, Mt. S. Caterina, 3.IV.1990, B. Baccetti (3♂); Sicily, Egadi Is., Levanzo, Tramontana 3.V.1991, B. Baccetti (2♂ 1♀); Sicily, Egadi Is., Levanzo, Fossa 3.V.1991, B. Baccetti (1♂) (MSNG); Sicily, Egadi Is., Levanzo 1.V.1979, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Egadi Is., Favignana 11.V.1997, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Egadi Is., Marettimo 12.IV.1974, B. Massa (2♂); Sicily, Saline Trapani 19.III.1997, S. Pasta (1♂); Sicily, Lake Trinità (Trapani) 19.V.1974, R. Falcetta (1♀); Sicily, Nature Reserve Zingaro (Trapani) 21.IV.1996, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Mt. Cofano (Trapani) 15.IV.1991, F. Lo Valvo (1♂); Sicily, Is. Lunga (Trapani) 29.V.1992, F. Lo Valvo (1♀); Sicily, Madonie Mts., 8.VI.1965, Novinsky (1♂); Sicily, Madonie Mts., Collesano, loc. Volpignano 5.VI.1974, B. Massa (1♀); Sicily, Madonie Mts., Piano Cervi 29.V.1996 (nymph, ad.: 10.VII.1996), B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Madonie Mts., Quacella 12.VI.1974, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Madonie Mts., Cozzo Luminario 3.VII.2020, B. Massa (1♀); Sicily, Nebrodi Mts., San Fratello 18.VI.1978, B. Massa (1♀); Sicily, Mt. Pellegrino (Palermo) 3.III.2012, C. Cusimano (1♂); Sicily, Bellolampo (Palermo) 14.VI.1968, R. Mignani (2♀); Sicily, Pioppo (Palermo) 7.XII.1995 (nymph, ad.: 15.III.1996), E. Balsano (3♀); Sicily, Giacalone (Palermo) 21.V.2001, B. Massa (1♀); Sicily, Piana degli Albanesi (Palermo) 28.V.2000, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Ficuzza (Palermo) 21.V.1996, B. Massa (2♂, 4♀); 26.V.1996, B. Massa (2♂, 1♀); Sicily, Balestrate (Palermo) 8.V.2000, S. Blando (1♀); Sicily, Isola delle Femmine (isolotto) 14.V.2002, B. Massa (1♀); Sicily, Menfi, loc. Capparrina 17.IV.2010, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Menfi (Agrigento) 17.VI.2010, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Santo Stefano di Quisquina, bosco Buonanotte (Agrigento) 18.V.1993, B. Massa (1♂); 21.V.1997, B. Massa (1♀); Sicily, Gela, loc. Manfria (Caltanissetta) 26.IV.1975, B. Massa (1♂); Sicily, Milena (Caltanissetta) 2.VI.2003, T. La Mantia (1♀) (BMPC); Malta, Ghadira saltmarsh VII.1974, A. Valletta (1♂) (LCPC).</p> <p>Remarks. Fieber (1853) described O. stenoxypha only from a female specimen; the following is the original description (translated from German): “Greenish. Vertex finely pointed, with 5 bright lines, sulcate with 2 swellings. Pronotum short, nearly angular. Lateral lobes trapezoidal, posteriorly enlarged, angles continuous with the posterior arched margin, margins with one brown line. Abdomen with 3 lines of black dots. ♀. Supragenital plate triangular. Subgenital plate transversally triangular. Ovipositor sabre-like. Tip narrow, with big brown spines, and with spines and teeth on its sides”. However, it ought to be pointed out that this description is common to all the species of the genus Odontura, and, in the opinion of the present authors, only fresh material can resolve this issue, essentially, to allow the taxon to be carefully examined and, if deemed necessary, re-described. A male and a female Odontura stenoxypha are illustrated, respectively, in Figures 6a and 6b; when alive, they display particular colours, but tend to lose the relative splendour of their natural coloration once the specimens are mounted and dried. The female, in particular, may or may not have longitudinal lines along the pronotum, and only brown dots on abdominal tergite, as indicated by Fieber (1853). The cerci of Odontura stenoxypha are apically incurved, quite abruptly (Figure 1f). Tegmina of the female are well overlapped.</p> <p>Fieber (1853) indicated “ Sicily ” as type locality. Because Fischer (1853) reported Barbitistes pyrenaea from Sardinia, stating “Prof. Zeller ♂ et ♀ mensibus Aprili et Majo circa Syracusas reperit et mecum at examinandum communicavit”, Messina (1981) assumed that the locality from which the female described by Fieber was collected had in fact been the south-eastern area of Sicily, and went on to describe yet another species living in the northern part of the island and the Egadi Is., namely, Odontura arcuata. Messina (1981) described this new species on the basis of the hetero-chromosomes, in particular, the different position of the centromere in the X chromosome in O. arcuata and O. stenoxypha (see Alicata et al. 1974) and, furthermore, suggested that no morphological differences effectively existed between the two taxa. However, Messina (1981) only limited himself to report some drawings of cerci and subgenital plates of males, showing the high variability of the taxon. In view of the fact that Harz (1969) indicated the Naturhistorisches Museum of Vienna as depository of the type, Llorente &amp; Pinedo (1990), in an attempt to verify such claim, were informed that two females were preserved in the Vienna Museum collections, one of which carried a label ‘Ficuzza Sicil., Krüger’ and presumed that this specimen may well be the holotype of the species (the said specimen was also examined by one of the authors [BM]). Incidentally, Ficuzza (Palermo) is also among the localities reported by Messina (1981) for O. arcuata.</p> <p>Meanwhile, Warchalowska-Sliva et al. (2011) examined some specimens collected in Sicily, identifying them as O. stenoxypha (from Eraclea Minoa, southern Sicily) and O. arcuata (from Segesta, northern Sicily, and Selinunte, south-western Sicily). It is presumed by the present authors that the specimens were identified on the basis of the collecting localities, because the key published by Llorente &amp; Pinedo (1990) does not cite O. arcuata. Subsequently, some of the original authors revisited their work on these specimens and proposed that they belong to two subspecies, namely Odontura stenoxypha stenoxypha and Odontura stenoxypha arcuata (Grzywacz et al. 2013). In reality, Grzywacz et al. (2013) did not find any genetic divergence among the specimens examined; furthermore, they confirmed the same bioacoustics pattern among the two groups and concluded: “Despite differences in the fundamental number and in the X chromosomes between O. s. stenoxypha and O. s. arcuata, it should be noted that we found similar-sized chromosomal differences within other Odontura species ”. Clearly, there are no evident differences between the two taxa, nor is there an apparent and defined distribution between the two taxa; thus, it is being proposed that O. arcuata Messina, 1981 is considered a junior synonym of O. stenoxypha (Fieber, 1853).</p> <p>Distribution. There appears to be some confusion on the distribution of O. stenoxypha, most likely resulting from misidentifications. This species has been reported from Majorca (Balearics), Tunisia, Sardinia, Sicily and Malta (Dubrony 1879, Brunner von Wattenwyl 1882, Riggio &amp; Pajno 1887, Baccetti 1964, Harz 1969, Messina 1981, Schembri &amp; Ebejer 1983, Cassar 1990, Llorente &amp; Pinedo 1990, Cassar et al. 2020). The reported presence in Sardinia is certainly due to the misidentification of O. calaritana and the reported presence in Tunisia to the misidentification of O. algerica or O. martae sp. nov. (see above).The cerci of a male named O. stenoxypha belonging to a Tunisian specimen, illustrated in Llorente &amp; Pinedo (1990), are dissimilar to those of Sicilian specimens. However, they do bear some similarity with the cerci of specimens collected from the island of Lampedusa that the present authors consider an undescribed species (see above). Concerning the single specimen (adult ♀) collected on Majorca, Balearics (Llorente &amp; Pinedo 1990), given its sex, it would not be possible to confirm its identity to species level with any certainty, since a male would be required for such verification (see also O. calaritana); however, its tegmina are not overlapped (MNCN specimen examined by one of the authors [BM]) and this, as a consequence, excludes O. stenoxypha. In view of the foregoing, the authors presently consider O. stenoxypha to be endemic to Sicily and Malta.</p> <p>Phenology. O. stenoxypha has a spring-summer phenology, with nymphs typically active during warm winter days (December and January), and first adults appearing around late March to early April in low altitudes, and in June at higher altitude, with the last adult individuals of the generation still present in July.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E84BF265FFB8FFA4FF36FC58FB77BF95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Massa, Bruno	Massa, Bruno (2022): A review of the Odontura (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae) from Italy, Malta, Algeria and Tunisia. Zootaxa 5168 (5): 561-577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.5
E84BF265FFBDFFA4FF36FEC0FE66B9BA.text	E84BF265FFBDFFA4FF36FEC0FE66B9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odontura calaritana A. Costa 1883	<div><p>Odontura calaritana A. Costa, 1883</p> <p>Costa A., 1883, Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Fis. Matemat. Napoli 2(1)2: 88; type locality: Cagliari, Muravera, Silìqua and Simaxis (Sardinia); depository: MZUN (lost).</p> <p>Material examined. Sardinia, Sarrabus 1878, Traverso (2♂, 2♀, of which 1♂ has been selected as neotypus, after it was evident that the holotype described by Costa was lost); Sardinia, Ss. Trinità di Saccargia (Sassari) 16.V.1964, F. Capra (1♀); Sardinia, Dolianova 20.V.2007, L. Fancello (1♀); Sardinia, Iglesias 3.IV.1966 (1♀); Sardinia, Maddalena Is. (holotypus of O. festai Baccetti, 1992, synonym of O. calaritana) (MSNG); Sardinia, Durieu (1♂, 1♀) (MNCN); Sardinia, Arbus 4.VI.2012, L. Fancello (1♂) (BMPC); Sardinia, Gonnosfanadiga. Mt. Idda 22.V.2006 (1♂); Sardinia, Sa P.ta de S’Erbaceu 22.V.2006 (2♂, 2♀); Sardinia, Villacidro, Rio Cannisoni 21.V.2006 (1♂, 2♀); Sardinia, P.ta Pranu Ilixi 20.V.2006 (1♂, 3♀); Sardinia, Domusnovas, Valle Oridda 24.V.2006 (1♂, 1♀); Sardinia, Bega d’Aleni 24.V.2006 (1♂, 1♀); Sardinia, Iglesias, Colonia Beneck 30.V.2006 (1♂); Sardinia, P.ta Cungiaus 23.V.2006 (1♀); Sardinia, surroundings of Oristano, V.2003 (1♀) (coll. A. Galvagni, MSNR).</p> <p>Designation of a neotype for O. calaritana. As is the case of all type specimens of Orthoptera described by O.G. Costa and A. Costa, all name-bearing types of O. calaritana are lost. By virtue of ICZN Article 75, the present authors hereby designate as neotypus one male collected at Sarrabus (next to Muravera), preserved at MSNG, and carrying the following labels: Sardegna, Sarrabus 1878, [leg. G.B.] Traverso; Odontura stenoxypha Fieb. Det. Dubrony, 1879. prep. ex alcol III.1984, F. Capra. As indicated, this specimen was determined by Dubrony (1879) as O. stenoxypha.</p> <p>Remarks. The first cited record of the species from Sardinia is attributed to Gené in Serville (1839), who reported it as Barbitistes pyrenaea (presently Isophya pyrenaea). Fischer (1853) also reported B. pyrenaea from Sardinia, stating the following: “Habitat in Pyrenaeis montibus prope “Bagnères” (Rambur); in Sardinia Gené. Serville nonnisi mare noverat. Prof. Zeller ♂ et ♀ mensibus Aprili et Majo circa Syracusas reperit et mecum at examinandum communicavit”. Dubrony (1879) reported it as Odontura stenoxypha from Sarrabus (Cagliari). Fifty years later, Achille Costa (1883) described it as Odontura calaritana from specimens collected in southern Sardinia (Cagliari, Muravera, Silìqua and Simaxis). However, Giglio Tos (1913), Baccetti (1964), Harz (1969) and Llorente &amp; Pinedo (1990) nevertheless reported O. stenoxypha from Sardinia. Of all those involved, only Messina (1981) described the characters of O. calaritana in some detail, while Baccetti (1992) described another species (O. festai) from Vacca and Sant’Antioco islands, which Galvagni (2010) synonymized with O. calaritana. According to Galvagni (2010), females of O. stenoxypha and O. calaritana are not distinguishable; however, while the two species have many morphological characters in common—for example, in both the females of O. calaritana and O. stenoxypha, tegmina are overlapping—it is actually possible to separate the species, solely via the varying shape of the apically incurved male cerci (Figures 1e, 1f).</p> <p>Distribution. O. calaritana appears to be present only in Sardinia; however, it is not restricted to the centralsouthern regions, as it also occurs in the northern areas (Sassari province). There is a possibility that the female specimen recorded from Majorca (Balearics) (Llorente &amp; Pinedo 1990; specimen examined by one of the authors [BM] at MNCN), with scarcely overlapping tegmina, could belong to this species rather than to O. stenoxypha; alternatively, it may be an undescribed species. In view of its poorly preserved state, it was not possible to determine the specimen’s identity.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E84BF265FFBDFFA4FF36FEC0FE66B9BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Massa, Bruno	Massa, Bruno (2022): A review of the Odontura (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae) from Italy, Malta, Algeria and Tunisia. Zootaxa 5168 (5): 561-577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.5
