identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D62533FFA0912298B47AB7FB50C278.text	03D62533FFA0912298B47AB7FB50C278.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cratomelini Brunner von Wattenwyl 1888	<div><p>Tribe Cratomelini Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888</p> <p>Comments. This tribe was originally described as Cratomeli by Brunner von Wattenwyl (1888). Gorochov (1988), raised it to the family rank (Cratomelidae), including as subfamilies Cratomelinae and Anabropsinae (Gorochov 1988, 1995). Sometime later, Johns (1997) established the family Anostostomatidae and proposed the status of a tribe to Cratomelini, including only Cratomelus. Gorochov (2001), in his classification of the superfamily Stenopelmatoidea, raised the rank to subfamily as Cratomelinae, and the same author rectifies his classification and returns this taxon to tribal status (Gorochov 2020). Cratomelini, like the other suprageneric taxa of chevron crickets, usually start as a genus or tribe, passing as a subfamily and, in some cases reaching family status, due to differences in the perspective of the taxonomic status of the authors (Cadena-Castañeda &amp; Cortés-Torres 2013, Cadena-Castañeda &amp; Weissman 2020, Gorochov &amp; Cadena-Castañeda 2016, Johns &amp; Hemp 2015).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D62533FFA0912298B47AB7FB50C278	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Castañeda, Didier;Garay, Andrea;Rincón, William Fernando	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Castañeda, Didier, Garay, Andrea, Rincón, William Fernando (2022): Studies on chevron crickets: Morphological redescription of Chilean red cricket Cratomelus armatus Blanchard, 1851 (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Zootaxa 5169 (2): 136-146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.2.2
03D62533FFA3912498B47D33FEF0C05C.text	03D62533FFA3912498B47D33FEF0C05C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cratomelus Blanchard 1851	<div><p>Cratomelus Blanchard, 1851</p> <p>Redescription. Body mid-size (25–35 mm.), body surface generally smooth and shiny, color reddish (Figs. 1 and 4). Head as broad as pronotum (Fig. 1D), rounded and smooth; almost as wide as high in frontal view (Fig. 1C). Vertex rounded. Eyes ovoid, not protruding. Ocelli circular and small. The eyes and antennal pits are located in the middle of the face (Fig. 1C). Fastigium moderately narrow, almost as wide as the scape, lateral edges sulcated. Mandibles of the male without sexual specialization. Maxillary palpi longer, first and second subequal in size and rectangular; third cylindrical almost two times longer as the first and second together; fourth as long as the third, five little longer than the fourth with the apex with a small prolongation (Fig. 1A). Thorax. Pronotal disc longer than wide; posterior margin rounded and little broader than the anterior margin (Fig. 1D); lateral lobules rectangular, wider than high and with a rounded lateral edge, ventral margin almost straight (Figs. 1A and 4A). Meso and metanotum unmodified and without glandular pits. Prosternum armed with a pair of closely spaced triangular spines; mesosternum quadrangular with rounded lateral lobes and a notch in the middle of the lobes; metasternum hexagonal, 3.5 times wider than long, with a small notch on the posterior margin. Wings shortened, with distinctly S-shaped CuP and the widened area between MP+CuA2 (Figs. 2F, 4A); hind wings in both sexes transformed into stridulatory apparatus (tegmino alar stridulation) (Figs. 2G, 5B). Legs. Coxae laterally flattened, with a distal spine on the dorsal margin. Fore and mid femora with few small spines on ventral margin (Fig. 2 A-B, hind femur slightly serrulate ventrally and dorsally and without rows on inner side; outer side with well-developed chevrons relief (Fig. 2C). Fore tibia without tympana (Fig. 2A); fore and mid tibiae with movable spurs on ventral margins, apex, and two or one dorsally spurs (Figs. 2A–B). Hind tibiae with strong and not movable dorsal spines, the apex spurs movable and conspicuous (Figs. 2D–E). Abdomen cylindrical, penultimate tergite of male varying, prolonged or not; medial parts of ultimate tergite not separated from its lateral parts, with hooks (Fig. 2I). Paraprocts wide, curved, and flattened (Fig. 2L). Male subgenital plates with articulated styles (Fig. 2K). Male genitalia. Small, almost entirely membranous, ti moderately sclerotized, lw.vl. with microstructures (Fig. 3). Female. Similar to male (Fig. 4). Subgenital plate triangular (Fig. 5D), ovipositor mid-sized, tapering towards apex, and moderately curved (Fig. 5E).</p> <p>Taxa included. Cratomelus armatus Blanchard, 1851 (type species), C. integer Ander, 1933 and C. meritus Gorochov, 1999.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D62533FFA3912498B47D33FEF0C05C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Castañeda, Didier;Garay, Andrea;Rincón, William Fernando	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Castañeda, Didier, Garay, Andrea, Rincón, William Fernando (2022): Studies on chevron crickets: Morphological redescription of Chilean red cricket Cratomelus armatus Blanchard, 1851 (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Zootaxa 5169 (2): 136-146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.2.2
03D62533FFA5912498B47FD6FA3FC7F0.text	03D62533FFA5912498B47FD6FA3FC7F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cratomelus undefined-1 Blanchard 1851	<div><p>Key to Cratomelus species</p> <p>1. Tegminae not exceeding the first abdominal tergite. The penultimate abdominal tergite of the male with normal development, not prolonged. Male subgenital plate notch as deep as a quarter of the length of the subgenital plate.................... 2</p> <p>- Tegminae surpasses the first abdominal tergite, reaching about the middle of the abdomen. The penultimate tergite extends over the last abdominal tergite and is slightly divided at the apex. Male subgenital plate notch deep, reaching half the total length of the subgenital plate........................................................................... C. armatus.</p> <p>2. Tegmina not overlapping dorsally, styli of the male subgenital plate produced horizontally.................... C. integer</p> <p>- Tegmina slightly overlapping dorsally, styli of the male subgenital plate produced ventrally.................. C. meritus</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D62533FFA5912498B47FD6FA3FC7F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Castañeda, Didier;Garay, Andrea;Rincón, William Fernando	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Castañeda, Didier, Garay, Andrea, Rincón, William Fernando (2022): Studies on chevron crickets: Morphological redescription of Chilean red cricket Cratomelus armatus Blanchard, 1851 (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Zootaxa 5169 (2): 136-146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.2.2
03D62533FFA5912898B478BAFCFAC0E4.text	03D62533FFA5912898B478BAFCFAC0E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cratomelus armatus Blanchard 1851	<div><p>Cratomelus armatus Blanchard, 1851</p> <p>(Figs. 1–5)</p> <p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:20213</p> <p>Redescription. In addition to the characters of the genus: Male. Medium size (25–35 mm.), body reddish-brown shiny (Figs. 1A–B). Head. Fastigium of vertex not projected, almost as wide as scapus. Fastigium of frons rounded, touching fastigium of vertex. Clypeus wider than high, subtriangular, lateral margin gradually narrowing towards apical margin, slightly curved; apical margin arched. Scapus and pedicellus unarmed (Fig. 1C). Thorax. Pronotal disc with rounded anterior and posterior border, anterior border covered with short hairs (Fig. 1D). Legs. Fore tibia with a spur on the inner dorsal margin, near the apex, three or four spurs on both ventral margins, and apex with two spurs of similar length (Fig. 2A). Mid-tibia with two spurs on the outer dorsal margin and three spurs on the inner dorsal margin, ventral margins with four spurs, and apex with two spurs similar in length on each side (Fig. 2B). Hind femur with granules on dorsal margin; outer face of the femur with 12-16 chevrons located in the upper half, occupying two-thirds of the length of the femur; genicular lobe armed with a spinule on the ventral margin (Fig. 2C). Hind tibia with six conspicuous spines on each dorsal margin, ventral margins with two or three small spurs, apex with three spurs on each side, the most prominent being the dorsal ones (Figs. 2D–E). Wings. Tegminae surpasses the first abdominal tergite, reaching about the middle of the abdomen (Fig. 1D). Dorsal edge of tegmina curved, ventral one straight, widened area between MP+CuA2 with ten to twelve transversal veins (Fig. 2F). Hind wing with thickened veins, with two markedly expanded areas, the first and most conspicuous between the Sc and R veins, ovoid and elongated, the dorsal edge after this area is surrounded by Sc branches. The second area, between the CuP vein and the anal veins, is elongated and lanceolate (Fig. 2G). Abdomen robust, posterior margin of 6th and 7th tergites angulated, projecting moderately. 8th tergite extends over the last abdominal tergites, and is slightly divided at apex (Fig. 2H). 9th tergite with rounded posterior border and projecting moderately over last segment (Figs. 2 I-K). 10th tergite slightly divided by a membranous area, with a conical hook on each side (Fig. 2I). Cerci simple, projecting upwards from the base towards the apex (Fig. 2J). Paraprocts flattened, thin flexible, in the form of a wide hook (Figs. 2I, L). Male subgenital plate notch deep, reaching half the total length of the subgenital plate and covered by hairs along the edge of the notch; stily cylindrical and with almost the same thickness throughout its length (Fig. 2K). Phallic complex almost membranous, dl. lanceolate with an angulated posterior edge (Fig. 3A); ldl and lw.vl. located sideways (Figs. 3A–B); ldl rounded, in the middle of these is located ti, which is moderately sclerotized, yellowish, and located on the inner borders of ldl (Figs. 3B–C). lw.vl located, in ventral view, quadrangular, shorter than ldl, and covered by numerous microstructures (Figs. 3B). Ejv rounded and medium-sized; ejd thin and tubular, without sclerotizations (Fig. 3D). Df thin and surrounding the anterior border of the genitalia (Fig. 3A–D).</p> <p>Female. Similar in shape and size to the male (Fig. 4). Tegmina rounded, both in the costal and anal margins, venation with a similar organization to the male (Fig. 5A). Hindwing with specialized venation similarly to the male (Fig. 5B). Posterior margin of the 7th and 8th tergites in the central portion moderately elevated, 10th tergite with a depression in the dorsal central area (Fig. 5C). Epiproctus semicircle-shaped; below those, the paraprocts are flattened, sclerotized, and surrounding the excretory pore (Fig. 5C). Subgenital plate triangular wider than long (Fig. 5D). Cerci without modification, thin and medium size. Ovipositor as long as two-thirds the length of the hind femur, dorsal and ventral borders smooth, slightly curving upwards, apex slightly pointed (Fig. 5E).</p> <p>Specimenes examined. Chile, 1 female. 1957. 1 male. Surroundings of Valdivia (Alrededores de Valdivia), 17-1-1959, L. Langguth. (CAUD). Chile, 1 male and 1 female. Barra del Río Bueno, II-1995, R. Vaz Ferraira (FCMU).</p> <p>Measurements (mm) male/female: LB: 25–30 / 25–28. Pr: 7.5–9 / 7–8. Teg: 5–6.5 / 5–5.5. HF: 15–17 / 14–15. HT: 14–16 / 13–14. SP: 4–4.5 / 2–3. Ov: 10–11.</p> <p>Distribution. Mainly in South-Central Chile, from sea level to 1600 m. They also inhabit islands to the south of their distribution. Recently reported for the Argentine side of the Andes (Zubarán &amp; Braun 2018).</p> <p>Comments. The type locality of this species is Chile, with no additional locality data. When compared with the lectotype specimen and the 14 paralectotype specimens (two of these with additional data, collected in Concepción and another from Talcahuano), deposited in the MNHN Paris, they fit the diagnostic characters of the specimens studied here, confirming that phenotypically they belong to the same species. Additionally, we compared specimens deposited in the collections of MFN, NMW, MACN, and type specimens of synonyms of the species such as Cratomelus productus Ander, 1932 (NHRS) and Lencinca ferrugínea Walker, 1870 (BMHN), all also fit the morphological characteristics of our specimens here described.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D62533FFA5912898B478BAFCFAC0E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Castañeda, Didier;Garay, Andrea;Rincón, William Fernando	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Castañeda, Didier, Garay, Andrea, Rincón, William Fernando (2022): Studies on chevron crickets: Morphological redescription of Chilean red cricket Cratomelus armatus Blanchard, 1851 (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Zootaxa 5169 (2): 136-146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.2.2
