identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
54519917FF93FFD6087AF8FA0E5DE456.text	54519917FF93FFD6087AF8FA0E5DE456.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zaitunia schmitzi (Kulczynski 1911)	<div><p>Zaitunia schmitzi (Kulczyński, 1911)</p> <p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; near Shoham, Hadom Shomeron Nature Reserve, Tinshemet cave; 31.99938° N, 34.96813° E; 122 m. a.s.l.; 20 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev and S. Aharon leg.; Mediterranean scrubland, under stones, outside the cave; MACN-Ar 41797.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF93FFD6087AF8FA0E5DE456	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF95FFD0085BFEB00E2DEE7F.text	54519917FF95FFD0085BFEB00E2DEE7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata albens Zonstein & Marusik 2019	<div><p>Filistata albens Zonstein &amp; Marusik, 2019</p> <p>ISRAEL • 2 ♂♂, 1 imm.; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.78559&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.87801" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.78559/lat 30.87801)">central Negev</a>, Sede Boqer, Haluqim Ridge; [30.87801° N, 34.78559° E]; 2 Jul. 1992; Y. Lubin leg.; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21011–21013 • 2 ♂♂, holotype and paratype; same locality as for preceding; 4 May 1994; Y. Lubin leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21016–21017 • 1 ♂, paratype; same collection data as for preceding; SMNH • 2 ♂♂, paratypes; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.91666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.4/lat 30.91666)">western Negev</a>, Nizzana; [30.91666° N, 34.4° E]; 6 May 1992; Y. Lubin leg.; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21014–21015.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF95FFD0085BFEB00E2DEE7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF95FFD008CCFB0109CBE97C.text	54519917FF95FFD008CCFB0109CBE97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata Latreille 1810	<div><p>Filistata IFMsp99</p> <p>PALESTINE • 1 ♀, possibly subadult; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.4575&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.72358" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.4575/lat 31.72358)">Dead Sea Valley</a>, En Fashkha (= ‘Enot Zuqim); [31.72358° N, 35.4575° E]; 18 Feb. 1943; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20277.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF95FFD008CCFB0109CBE97C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF95FFD008D4FAD30E55E9A0.text	54519917FF95FFD008D4FAD30E55E9A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata Latreille 1810	<div><p>Filistata IFMsp191</p> <p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.74009&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.20351" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.74009/lat 33.20351)">Golan Heights</a>, near Odem, Ya’ar Mas’ada Nature Reserve, Odem forest; 33.20351° N, 35.74009° E; 888 m. a.s.l.; 19 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev, Z. Ganem, S. Aharon and M. Arnedo leg.; Mediterranean woodland; under stones; MACN-Ar 41263.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF95FFD008D4FAD30E55E9A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF95FFD00824FDCE0ECEE82E.text	54519917FF95FFD00824FDCE0ECEE82E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata lubinae Zonstein & Marusik 2019	<div><p>Filistata lubinae Zonstein &amp; Marusik, 2019</p> <p>ISRAEL • 1 ♂, holotype; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.7538&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.0019" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.7538/lat 31.0019)">Negev</a>, near Be’er Mash’abbim, sand dunes; pitfall; [31.0019° N, 34.7538° E]; 14 Mar. 1990; Y. Ayal leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21018 • 2 ♂♂, paratypes; same locality as for preceding; 21 Jul. 1990; Y. Ayal leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21019–21020 • 1 ♂, paratype; same collection data as for preceding; SMNH • 3 ♂♂, paratypes; same locality as for preceding; 15 May 1991; Y. Lubin leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21021–21023 • 5 ♂♂, paratypes; same locality as for preceding; 17 May 1992; Y. Lubin leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21024–21028 • 1 ♂, paratype; same locality as for preceding; 27 May 1992; Y. Lubin leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21029 • 3 ♂♂, paratypes; same locality as for preceding; 3 Jul. 1991; Y. Lubin leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21030– 21032 • 4 ♂♂, paratypes; same locality as for preceding; 30 Apr. 1993; Y. Lubin leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21033–21036 • 1 ♂, paratype; same collection data as for preceding; SMNH • 11 ♂♂, paratypes; same locality as for preceding; 8 Jul. 1992; Y. Lubin leg.; sand dunes; pitfall; HUJ-INVAr 21038–21048 • 1 ♂, paratype; same locality as for preceding; 13 May 1991; Y. Lubin leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21037 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Jun. 1991; Y.D. Lubin leg.; MCZ 39913.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF95FFD00824FDCE0ECEE82E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF95FFD00839F9BC0B39EAFF.text	54519917FF95FFD00839F9BC0B39EAFF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata wunderlichi Zonstein & Marusik 2019	<div><p>Filistata wunderlichi Zonstein &amp; Marusik, 2019</p> <p>SPAIN • 4 ♀♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.1322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.80564" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.1322/lat 36.80564)">Almeria</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.1322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.80564" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.1322/lat 36.80564)">Boca de los Frailes</a>; [36.80564° N, 2.1322° W]; 8 Dec. 2019; J. Moya leg.; CRBA.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF95FFD00839F9BC0B39EAFF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF96FFD30892FB9D0E3DE976.text	54519917FF96FFD30892FB9D0E3DE976.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata Latreille 1810	<div><p>Genus Filistata Latreille, 1810</p> <p>Filistata Latreille, 1810: 121.</p> <p>Type species by monotypy Filistata testacea Latreille, 1810 (= Aranea insidiatrix Forsskål, 1775).</p> <p>Teratodes C.L. Koch 1839: 6.</p> <p>Type species by monotypy Teratodes attalicus C.L. Koch, 1839 (= Aranea insidiatrix Forsskål,1775). First synonymized with Filistata by Simon (1864: 95)</p> <p>Filistata – Lehtinen 1967: 234 (first large-scale re-delimitation of the genus). — Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2019: 57 (first monographic treatment of the taxonomy of the group).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF96FFD30892FB9D0E3DE976	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF96FFD90870FACA09C1EFBF.text	54519917FF96FFD90870FACA09C1EFBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskal 1775)	<div><p>Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775)</p> <p>Figs 2, 3C–D, I, 5 B, D, F, 6, 8H, 10A, E, Q</p> <p>Aranea insidiatrix Forsskål, 1775: 86.</p> <p>Filistata insidiatrix – Simon 1895: 1067.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Please see WSC (2022) for a full synonymic list of this species, and Zonstein &amp; Marusik (2019) for description, diagnosis, natural history, and additional distribution records.</p> <p>Updated diagnosis</p> <p>Males are similar to those of F. betarif sp. nov. and F. albens by having an elongate pedipalpal femur and tibia, and by a subconical copulatory bulb with a terminally hooked embolus (Fig. 6; see also Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2019: fig. 27). Males differ from those of F. albens by their longer copulatory bulb and from those of F. betarif sp. nov. by their inconspicuous embolic keel (Fig. 8H (arrow), 5B, k) (conspicuous keel in F. betarif sp. nov., Fig. 5A). Females have a pair of large spermathecae that may be partially divided or undivided (Fig. 3C–D) and their variation includes the observed morphology of F. betarif sp. nov.; thus females are not diagnosable through morphology alone, they can be diagnosed using DNA barcoding of the COI gene.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>ANGOLA • 1 ♀; Luanda, Luanda; [8.83833° S, 13.23444° E]; N. Chatelain leg.; USNM 1656 • 1 ♀; Namibe, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.18333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.18333/lat -14.95)">Baia das Pipas</a>, in house; [14.95° S, 12.18333° E]; Jan. 1960; Brühl leg.; ZMB.</p> <p>EGYPT • 1 ♀; Cairo; [30.04442° N, 31.23571° E]; O. Manley leg.; ZMB 4375.</p> <p>FRANCE • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Alpes-Côte d’Azur, Var, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=6.29443&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.34158" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 6.29443/lat 43.34158)">Brignoles</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=6.29443&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.34158" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 6.29443/lat 43.34158)">Gonfaron</a>; 43.34158° N, 6.29443° E; 2017; M. Stockmann leg.; MACN-Ar 39461 • 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Languedoc-Roussillon, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.12887&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.48343" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.12887/lat 42.48343)">Banyuls-sur-Mer</a>; [42.48343° N, 3.12887° E]; 21 Mar. 1968; H.W. Levi, F. Levi and L.R. Levi leg.; MCZ 39864 • 1 ♀; no further data; [42.44097° N, 3.16469° E]; Spatz leg.; ZMB 1053 • 2 ♀♀; southern France; AMNH • 1 ♀; southern France; ZMB 5021.</p> <p>GREECE • 1 imm.; Attica, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.01476&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.65915" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.01476/lat 37.65915)">Sounion</a>; [37.65915° N, 24.01476° E]; 30 Nov. 1978; B. Malkin leg.; AMNH • 2 ♀♀; Crete, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.13333/lat 35.55)">Akrotiri</a>; [35.55°N, 24.13333° E]; Feb.–Mar. 1925; A. Schultz leg.; ZMB 6205 • 1 ♀; Crete, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.57781&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.31006" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.57781/lat 35.31006)">Agios Nikolaos</a>; 35.31006° N, 25.57781° E; Jul. 2019; M. Stockmann leg.; MACN-Ar 41844 • 3 ♀♀, 1 imm.; NW Crete; [35.55° N, 24.13333°E]; A. Schultz leg.; ZMB 6208 • 1 ♀; Crete; [36.39316° N, 25.46151° E]; Oertzen leg.; ZMB 6951 • 1 ♀; Cyclades Islands, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.43221&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.40922" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.43221/lat 36.40922)">Santorini</a>; 36.40922° N, 25.43221° E; May 1988; M.J. Ramírez leg.; MACN-Ar 20563 • 1 imm.; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.31037&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.60758" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.31037/lat 37.60758)">Kea</a>; [37.60758° N, 24.31037° E]; 30 Sep. 1925; A. Schultz leg.; ZMB 6203 • 2 ♀♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.97737&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.26327" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.97737/lat 36.26327)">Kythira</a>; [36.26327° N, 22.97737° E]; Aug. 1925; ZMB • 1 ♀; Rhodes, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.94949&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.33998" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.94949/lat 36.33998)">Kalavarda</a>; [36.33998° N, 27.94949° E]; 7 Dec. 1978; B. Malkin leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.46151&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.39316" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.46151/lat 36.39316)">Thera</a>; [36.39316° N, 25.46151° E]; 1972; Hillas and Goerligen (?) leg.; ZMB.</p> <p>ISRAEL • 1 ♂; upper Galilee, Ba’al-Shem-Tov Forest, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.47381&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.9821" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.47381/lat 32.9821)">Meron Mountains</a>; 32.9821° N, 35.47381° E; 13–20 Nov. 2007; T. Levanony leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 imm.; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.655&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.24" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.655/lat 33.24)">Dan</a>; 33.24° N, 35.655° E; 14 May 2012; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.23889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.00764" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.23889/lat 33.00764)">En Ya’aqov</a>; 33.00764° N, 35.23889° E; 4–9 Feb. 2007; I. Shtirberg leg.; pitfall; SMNH • 1 ♂; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.17882&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.04234" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.17882/lat 33.04234)">Nahal Keziv</a>; [33.04234° N, 35.17882° E]; 31 Jul. 2010; C. Drees and L. Friedman leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 13 Nov. 2010; L. Friedman and C. Drees leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; upper Galilee, near Elon, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.2379&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.074" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.2379/lat 33.074)">Nahal Bezet Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.2379&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.074" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.2379/lat 33.074)">Sharakh cave</a>, entrance of cave; 33.074° N, 35.2379° E; 233 m. a.s.l.; 17 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev, Z. Ganem, S. Aharon, N. Givon and M. Arnedo leg.; MACN- Ar 41218 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 41226 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 17 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev, Z. Ganem, S. Aharon, N. Givon and M. Arnedo leg.; twilight zone; MACN-Ar 41261 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 41825 • 1 ♂; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.66667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.23333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.66667/lat 33.23333)">Senir</a>; 33.23333° N, 35.66667° E; 250 m. a.s.l.; 2 Nov. 2013; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH • 1 ♀; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.22109&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.99611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.22109/lat 32.99611)">Yehiam</a>, in cave; [32.99611° N, 35.22109° E]; 15 Nov. 1949; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20290 • 1 ♀; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.4672&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.0672" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.4672/lat 33.0672)">Yir’on</a>, small cave; 33.0672° N, 35.4672° E; 28 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21049 • 1 ♀; upper Galilee, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.2168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.9236" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.2168/lat 32.9236)">Yonim cave</a>, in depth; 32.9236° N, 35.2168° E; 25 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ -INVAr 21050 • 1 ♂; upper Galilee, north slope of Mount Meron, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.39167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.01667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.39167/lat 33.01667)">Meron Field School</a>; 33.01667° N, 35.39167° E; 1 Nov. 2013; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH • 2 imm.; lower Galilee, near Teverya (<a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.5401&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7775" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.5401/lat 32.7775)">Tiberias</a>), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.5401&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7775" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.5401/lat 32.7775)">Berniki</a>, large cave; 32.7775° N, 35.5401° E; 27 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21051 • 1 ♀; lower Galilee, near Teverya (<a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.5413&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7768" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.5413/lat 32.7768)">Tiberias</a>), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.5413&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7768" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.5413/lat 32.7768)">Berniki</a>, medium cave; 32.7768° N, 35.5413° E; 27 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21052 • 1 ♂; Mount Karmel, HaKarmel Nature Reserve, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96598&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.6705" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96598/lat 32.6705)">Karmel Ridge</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96598&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.6705" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96598/lat 32.6705)">Nahal Me’arot</a>; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96598&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.6705" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96598/lat 32.6705)">Gamal cave</a>; [32.6705° N, 34.96598° E]; 4 Nov. 2013; D. Rotem leg.; SMNH • 1 ♀; Mount Karmel, near Hefa (Haifa), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.98975&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7567" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.98975/lat 32.7567)">HaKarmel Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.98975&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7567" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.98975/lat 32.7567)">Karmel Ridge</a>; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.98975&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.7567" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.98975/lat 32.7567)">Ornit cave</a>, inside cave; 32.7567° N, 34.98975° E; 209 m. a.s.l.; 20 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev, Z. Ganem, S. Aharon and M. Arnedo leg.; MACN-Ar 41215 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 41813 • 1 ♂; Mount Karmel, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.07683&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.74153" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.07683/lat 32.74153)">Yagur</a>; [32.74153° N, 35.07683° E]; 4 Dec. 1939; HUJ-INVAr 20283 • 1 ♀; coast of Karmel, ‘ <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.94291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.69088" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.94291/lat 32.69088)">Atlit</a>; [32.69088° N, 34.94291° E]; 8 Sep. 1944; HUJ-INVAr 20287 • 1 ♂; coast of Karmel, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.91782&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.55871" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.91782/lat 32.55871)">Ma'agan Mikha'el</a>, malaise trap; [32.55871° N, 34.91782° E]; 2–28 Dec. 2010; W. Kuslitzky leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 12 Oct. 1992; Y. Lubin leg.; HUJ • 1 ♀; coast of <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.95198&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.57391" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.95198/lat 32.57391)">Karmel</a>, route to Zikhron-Y’aqov [32.57391° N, 34.95198° E]; 24 Mar. 1940; HUJ-INVAr 20286 • 1 ♀; Judean Hills, ‘ Adullam National Park, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.94167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.655" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.94167/lat 31.655)">Midras</a>; 31.655° N, 34.94167° E; 15 Nov. 2012; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH IFM-0272 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Judean Hills, ‘ <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96089&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.64474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96089/lat 31.64474)">Adullam National Park</a>; [31.64474° N, 34.96089° E]; Apr. 2003; U. Columbus leg.; SMNH • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 20 May 2002; Y. Mandelik and A. Landsman leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂; Judean Hills, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.92&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.92/lat 31.65)">Ramat Avishur</a>; [31.65° N, 34.92° E]; 14 May 2002; Y. Mandelik leg.; pitfall trap; HUJ • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.78333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.2/lat 31.78333)">Judean Mountains</a>, Jerusalem; [31.78333° N, 35.2° E]; 29 May 1944; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20288 • 1 ♀, 1 imm.; same locality as for preceding; Oct. 1936; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20284 • 1 ♀; Judean Mountains, Newe Ya’akov (= Kefar Ivri); [31.84177° N, 35.24276°]; 30 Dec. 1939; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20289 • 1 ♀; Judean Mountains, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.12084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.80991" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.12084/lat 31.80991)">Qiryat'Anavim</a>, under bark; [31.80991° N, 35.12084° E]; 20 Jan. 1940; HUJ-INVAr 20285 • 1 ♂; Samaria, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.42137&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.48248" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.42137/lat 32.48248)">Gilboa'</a>; [32.48248° N, 35.42137° E]; 30 Jan. 2011; L. Friedman and C. Drees leg.; SMNH • 1 ♀; Samaria, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.0456&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.2454" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.0456/lat 32.2454)">Sal’it cave</a>; 32.2454° N, 35.0456° E; 25 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21053 • 1 ♂; Sharon plain, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.16667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.88333/lat 32.16667)">Ramot Hashavim</a>, in house; 32.16667° N, 34.88333° E; 9 Mar. 2013; T. Eshcoly leg.; SMNH • 1 ♂; Jordan Valley, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.534&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.6341" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.534/lat 32.6341)">Nahal HaGal</a>; [32.6341° N, 35.534° E]; 16 Jul. 2010; C. Drees and L. Friedman leg.; SMNH • 2 imm.; Jordan Valley, Nir Dawid (= <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.45762&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.50406" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.45762/lat 32.50406)">Tel’ Amal</a>); [32.50406° N, 35.45762° E]; 29 Sep. 1939; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21061.</p> <p>ITALY • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Sardinia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.66327&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.03175" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.66327/lat 40.03175)">Baunei</a>; [40.03175° N, 9.66327° E]; J. Wunderlich leg.; SMF 59579 • 1 ♂; Sardinia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.40587&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.83134" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.40587/lat 40.83134)">Porto Torres</a>; [40.83134° N, 8.40587° E]; 7 Apr. 1952; Esk. Zool. Just. Ffn. Leg.; SMF • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.10196&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.0272" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.10196/lat 40.0272)">Sorgono</a>; [40.0272° N, 9.10196° E]; 1917; Häuser and Krausse leg.; ZMB • 7 ♀♀, 6 imm.; Toscania, Siena, 4 km S of San Giminiano, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.04348&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.46728" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.04348/lat 43.46728)">Fattoria Voltrona</a>; [43.46728° N, 11.04348° E]; 12 Dec. 2001; M.J. Ramírez leg.; MACN-Ar 10378 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 10379.</p> <p>JORDAN • 1 ♂; Amman, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.78451&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.00408" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.78451/lat 32.00408)">Fuhais</a>; [32.00408° N, 35.78451° E]; Dec. 1980; R. Kinzelbach leg.; SMF 57068.</p> <p>MOROCCO • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-9.2272&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.30082" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -9.2272/lat 32.30082)">Saffi</a>; [32.30082° N, 9.2272° W]; Quedenfeldt leg.; ZMB • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.83333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.83333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.83333/lat 33.83333)">Sefrou</a>, Travertine Falls; 33.83333° N, 4.83333° W; 25 Dec. 1986; V. and B. Roth leg.; CAS 9060650 • 1 imm.; same locality as for preceding; 25 Dec. 1996; V. Roth leg.; CAS 9057617 • 1 ♀, 1 imm.; Souss-Massa- <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.14178&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.06659" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.14178/lat 31.06659)">Draâ</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.14178&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.06659" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.14178/lat 31.06659)">Ouarzazate</a>, Amerzgane, Telouet; 31.06659° N, 7.14178° W; Oct. 2016; M. Stockmann leg.; MACN-Ar 41845 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.1968&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.75176" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.1968/lat 31.75176)">Tafilalt</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.1968&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.75176" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.1968/lat 31.75176)">Errachidia</a>, Aoufous, Ziz Valley; 31.75176° N, 4.1968° W; Oct. 2016; M. Stockmann leg.; MACN-Ar 39463.</p> <p>PALESTINE • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.3489&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.8401" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.3489/lat 31.8401)">Judean</a> desert, 15 km E of Jerusalem, Fawar Spring, Wadi Qelt; [31.8401° N, 35.3489° E]; 7 Mar. 1975; H.W. Levi leg.; MCZ 39890 • 1 ♀, 1 imm.; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.3019&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.8332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.3019/lat 31.8332)">Judean</a> desert, Nahal Perat Nature Reserve, Inbal cave; 31.8332° N, 35.3019° E; 26 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21054 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.30842&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.8318" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.30842/lat 31.8318)">Judean</a> desert, Nahal Perat Nature Reserve, I’qul cave; [31.8318° N, 35.30842° E]; 26 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20276.</p> <p>SPAIN • 4 ♀♀; Alicante, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.12249&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.54106" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.12249/lat 38.54106)">Benidorm</a>; [38.54106° N, 0.12249° W]; 1961; K.W. Haller leg.; AMNH • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3 imm.; same collection data as for preceding; AMNH • 1 ♀; Almeria, 25 km from Almeria, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.66982&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.70498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.66982/lat 36.70498)">Salinas de Cerillos</a>; [36.70498° N, 2.66982° W]; 25 Jun. 1967; B. Malkin leg.; AMNH • 1 imm.; Balearic Islands, Mallorca, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.99381&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.31727" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.99381/lat 39.31727)">Colonia de Sant Jordi</a>, 50 km SE of Palma, on house walls; 39.31727° N, 2.99381° E; 15 Sep. 2007; M.J. Ramírez leg.; MACN-Ar 20558 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 20560 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 20561 • 1 imm.; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 20564 • 1 ♀; Balearic Islands, Mallorca, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.99381&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.31727" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.99381/lat 39.31727)">Colonia Saint Jordi</a>, 50 km SE of Palma, on walls of houses; [39.31727° N, 2.99381° E]; 15 Sep. 2007; M.J. Ramírez leg.; MACN- Ar 42348 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 42347 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 42346 • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.17347&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.38504" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.17347/lat 41.38504)">Barcelona</a>; [41.38504° N, 2.17347° E]; 13 Sep. 1986; J.A. Coddington leg.; caught in the middle of an imaginal molt, has two sets of spermathecae; USNM 1656 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1656 • 2 ♂♂; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.19945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.08974" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.19945/lat 40.08974)">Castellón</a>, N of L’Alcora, stone walls; 40.08974° N, 0.19945° W; 300 m. a.s.l.; 30 May 2010; S. Huber and A. Schönhofer leg.; at night; SMF • 1 ♀; Cataluña, Barcelona, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.54461&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.40423" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.54461/lat 41.40423)">Barcelona</a>; 41.40423° N, 21.54461° E; Jan. 1988; M.J. Ramírez leg.; MACN- Ar 20562 • 1 ♀, 1 imm.; Madrid; [40.41678° N, 3.70379° W]; 1961; K.W. Haller leg.; AMNH • 3 ♀♀, 1 imm.; Madrid, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.38776" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.25/lat 40.38776)">Navas del Rey</a>; [40.38776° N, 4.25° W]; 1961; K.W. Haller leg.; AMNH • 9 ♀♀, 11 imm.; Madrid, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.53573&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.35191" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.53573/lat 40.35191)">Vaciamadrid</a>; [40.35191° N, 3.53573° W]; 1961; K.W. Haller leg.; AMNH • 22 ♀♀, 6 imm.; Madrid, Vaciamadrid; 1961; K.W. Haller leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Murcia, Fortuna, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-1.10128&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.14949" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -1.10128/lat 38.14949)">Espacio Natural de Ajanque</a>; [38.14949° N, 1.10128° W]; CRBA 861 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 19 Jun. 2004; CRBA 860 • 4 ♀♀, 1 imm.; Tarragona, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=1.24451&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.11903" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 1.24451/lat 41.11903)">Monte Poulet</a>; 41.11903° N, 1.24451° E; 23 Dec. 1986; M.J. Ramírez leg.; MACN-Ar 20559 • 1 ♂; Teruel, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.45083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.81945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.45083/lat 40.81945)">Molinos</a>; 40.81945° N, 0.45083° W; Apr. 1985; J. Moles leg.; MACN-Ar 20565 • 1 ♀, 1 imm.; no further data, on a slope; [39.66422° N, 0.22674° W]; 17 Jun. 1993; S. Lideese leg.; ZMB 30578.</p> <p>TUNISIA • 1 ♀; Djerba; [33.8076° N, 10.84515° E]; V. Bilgner leg.; ZMB K.786.</p> <p>VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; Miranda, Caracas suburbs, caves near <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.81118&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.45038" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.81118/lat 10.45038)">Cementerio del Este</a>; [10.45038° N, 66.81118° W]; Jul. 1986; J.A. Coddington leg.; USNM 3222.</p> <p>NO DATA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 2 imm.; Mediterranean region; ZMB • 1 ♀; ZMB 533 • 1 ♀; ZMB 580 • 1 ♀; MNRJ 1434.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East (Fig. 4A), with records (probably introduced) in the Azores, Socotra Island, Cabo Verde, Angola and Venezuela. In Israel, it is distributed in Mediterranean areas in the north (Fig. 4B); in some localities only females are known, and thus it is possible these records could belong to F. betarif sp. nov., although it is more likely these records are of F. insidiatrix since they broadly overlap with records of males.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF96FFD90870FACA09C1EFBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF9CFFC708A9FBBB08A5E88A.text	54519917FF9CFFC708A9FBBB08A5E88A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistata betarif Magalhaes & Aharon & Ganem & Gavish-Regev 2022	<div><p>Filistata betarif sp. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 86B4AAD0-D69E-4C79-BF3F-DE5E7DC0EDB1</p> <p>Figs 1, 3E–F, H, 5A, C, E, 7–9</p> <p>Filistata IFMsp142 – Magalhaes &amp; Ramírez in press: 11, 13, 16.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Males are similar to those of F. insidiatrix and F. albens by having a pedipalp with elongate femur and tibia, and by a subconical copulatory bulb with terminally hooked embolus (Fig. 8A–B; see also Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2019: fig. 27). They differ from both species by the conspicuous embolic keel (Fig. 8F (arrow), 5A, k) (inconspicuous keel in F. insidiatrix and F. albens; Figs 5B, 10O). Females have a pair of large spermathecae that appear undivided (Fig. 9); they fall within the morphological variation observed for F. insidiatrix (Fig. 3C–D; Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2019: fig. 17d–h) and thus females are not diagnosable through morphology only; they can be diagnosed using DNA barcoding of the COI gene.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific epithet is a noun in apposition and refers to Bet ‘Arif, the name of the ‘ wadi ’ (dry riverbed) in which the two caves where the species was collected (Tinshemet and Oah) are located.</p> <p>Type material examined</p> <p>Holotype ISRAEL • 1 ♂; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Judean hills</a>, near Shoham, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Hadom Shomeron Nature Reserve</a>; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Bet ‘Arif wadi</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Tinshemet cave</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">inside cave</a>; 31.99938° N, 34.96813° E; 122 m. a.s.l.; 20 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish- Regev and S. Aharon leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21058.</p> <p>Paratypes ISRAEL • 1 ♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.9722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.0053" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.9722/lat 32.0053)">Judean hills</a>, near Shoham, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.9722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.0053" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.9722/lat 32.0053)">Hadom Shomeron Nature Reserve</a>; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.9722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.0053" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.9722/lat 32.0053)">Bet ‘Arif wadi</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.9722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.0053" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.9722/lat 32.0053)">Oah cave</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.9722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.0053" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.9722/lat 32.0053)">inside cave</a>; 32.0053° N, 34.9722° E; 25 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21055 • 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 9 Mar. 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ- INVAr 21059 • 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Judean hills</a>, near Shoham, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Hadom Shomeron Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Bet ‘Arif wadi</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Tinshemet cave</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">inside cave</a>; 31.99938° N, 34.96813° E, 122 m. a.s.l.; 20 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev and S. Aharon leg.; MACN-Ar 41222 • 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 2 imm.; same collection data as for preceding; HUJ-INVAr 20275 • 4 ♀♀, 1 imm.; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 41791 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MACN-Ar 41793 • 2 imm.; same locality as for preceding, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.96813&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.99938" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.96813/lat 31.99938)">Mediterranean scrubland</a>, outside the cave, under stones; 20 Feb. 2020; I.L.F. Magalhaes, E. Gavish-Regev and S. Aharon leg.; MACN-Ar 41829 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.9681&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.9994" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.9681/lat 31.9994)">Mediterranean scrubland</a>, outside the cave; 31.9994° N, 34.9681° E; 25 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21056 • 7 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; inside cave; 31.99938° N, 34.96813° E; 25 May 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 20301 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; HUJ-INVAr 21057 • 3 imm; same locality as for preceding; 9 Mar. 2014; S. Aharon and E. Gavish-Regev leg.; HUJ-INVAr 21060.</p> <p>Additional material examined</p> <p>None.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Male (holotype, HUJ-INVAr 21058)</p> <p>Coloration yellowish cream except where noted. Carapace lined with black pigment, with marbled brown clypeal markings and brown, V-shaped median pattern. Legs I–III with three brown ventral spots. Abdomen brownish gray. Anterior margin of the carapace unmodified, eye apodemes absent. Sternum subrounded, sigilla not visible. Total length 5.25. Carapace length 2.38, width 1.88. Clypeus length 0.28. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.14, PME 0.15, ALE 0.20, PLE 0.18, AME–AME 0.06, PME– PME 0.14. Sternum length 1.26, width 1.05. Pedipalp: femur length 2.34, height 0.30, tibia length 2.10, height 0.34. Leg I: 14.88 (3.82, 1.09, 3.94, 3.91, 2.12). II: 11.29 (3.05, 0.94, 2.78, 3.17, 1.35). III: 10.23 (2.70, 0.84, 2.52, 2.91, 1.26). IV: 12.52 (3.57, 0.90, 3.28, 3.44, 1.33). Abdomen: length 2.97, width 1.72. Pedipalp macrosetae on ventral surface of femur. Leg macrosetae: fe I d1-0-0, dp0-0-2, ti I v0-2-2-2, mt I v2-2-2-4, fe II d1-1-0, dp0-0-2, ti II v0-2-2, mt II v2-2-4, fe III d1-0-0, dp0-0-1, dr0-0-2, ti III d1-2-2, v1-1, mt III dr0-0-1, v1-2-2-4, fe IV d1-1-0, dr0-0-2, ti IV v1-1, mt IV v1-1-2-4, all tarsi with ventral macrosetae. Pedipalp as in diagnosis (Figs 5A, C, E, 8A–G). State of the specimen: good, right leg I removed for molecular analysis, left pedipalp dissected.</p> <p>Female (paratype, MACN-Ar 41222)</p> <p>Coloration as in male. Eye apodemes absent. Sternum subrounded, with one pair of posterior sigilla. Total length 7.76. Carapace length 3.17, width 2.51. Clypeus length 0.40. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.14, PME 0.19, ALE 0.27, PLE 0.23, AME–AME 0.04, PME–PME 0.23. Sternum length 1.64, width 1.50. Pedipalp: femur length 1.70, height 0.67, tibia length 1.06, height 0.65. Leg I: 13.60 (3.66, 1.37, 3.49, 3.23, 1.85). II: 9.66 (2.84, 1.13, 2.26, 2.16, 1.27). III: 7.82 (2.34, 1.03, 1.66, 1.64, 1.15). IV: 10.54 (3.30, 1.25, 2.64, 2.27, 1.08). Abdomen: length 4.67, width 3.08. Palpal macrosetae on ventral surface of tibia and tarsus. Leg macrosetae: fe I d1-0-0, ti I v0-2-0, mt I v2-2-2-4, fe II d1-0-0, ti II v0- 2-0, mt II v2-2-2-4, fe III d1-0-0, ti III d0-2-0, v0-1-2, mt III dr1-1-1, v1-2-2-4, fe IV d1-0-0, ti IV v1-1, mt IV v1-1-1-4, all tarsi with ventral macrosetae. Calamistrum with three staggered rows with &lt;6 setae; calamistrum gap present. Epigastric furrow unmodified. Endogyne of females from the same locality as in the diagnosis (Fig. 9). State of the specimen: good.</p> <p>Variation</p> <p>Males (N = 3): total length 4.89–5.67 (5.27), carapace length 2.25–2.78 (2.47), femur I length 3.62–4.04 (3.83), femur/carapace ratio 1.45–1.61 (1.56). Females (N = 5): total length 6.47–8.95 (7.79), carapace length 3.17–3.98 (3.57), femur I length 3.5–4.18 (3.86), femur/carapace ratio 1.01–1.15 (1.08). The shape of the spermathecae varies only slightly among the dissected females.</p> <p>Natural history</p> <p>Filistata betarif sp. nov. is a troglophilic species, inhabiting both epigean and hypogean (caves) habitats. It is known from the mesic Mediterranean region of Israel, in scrubland habitats, and usually hides in a refugium made of cribellate silk in crevices, holes or under stones and on rocky walls (Fig. 1A–B). All specimens were collected from Bet ‘Arif wadi near Shoham, Hadom Shomeron Nature Reserve, central Israel. The species was found in low abundances outside of caves (Fig. 1D) and in very high abundances, year-around, in Tinshemet cave that is characterized by a high guano amount of the Egyptian fruit bat [Rousettus aegyptiacus (Geoffroy, 1810)]. Tinshemet (Arabic name: Mugharet al-Watwat) is a small to medium-sized Paleolithic cave, formed in a limestone rock of the Turonian Bina formation. It is located on the east bank of Bet ‘Arif wadi (Arabic name: Wadi Adasiyeh), 95 meters a.s.l. and 15 meters above the wadi (Frumkin et al. 2016). It has a main opening on the side of the cliff, and an additional chimney opening, which the frugivorous bats frequently use (personal observation). Filistata betarif sp. nov. was also found in lower abundances in the nearby Oah cave that houses no bats (Cuff et al. 2021; Gavish- Regev et al. 2021). Oah is a small cave, situated on the same east bank of Bet ‘Arif wadi, north to Tinshemet cave, and is formed in a similar rock and age (Boaz Langford, pers. comm.).</p> <p>In both caves, Filistata betarif sp. nov. was found mainly at the entrance zones, on the cave walls (Fig. 1A–B). Other caves surveyed by us, at the mesic Mediterranean, semi-arid, and arid regions of Israel and Palestine, were not found to be occupied by F. betarif sp. nov., but instead by its sibling troglophilic species F. insidiatrix [Berniki, Yir’on, Yonim (Galilee); Ezba’, Oren (Karmel); Sal’it (northern Samaria); Andartat HaBiqa’ (central Jordan Valley); Perat (northern Judean desert); Qumeran (northern Dead-Sea area)] (Cuff et al. 2021; Gavish-Regev et al. 2021).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Known only from two caves and under stones in their surroundings in Bet ‘Arif wadi, Hadom Shomeron Nature Reserve, central Israel (Fig. 4).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF9CFFC708A9FBBB08A5E88A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
54519917FF82FFC10AFBFB610F9FE922.text	54519917FF82FFC10AFBFB610F9FE922.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Filistatidae Simon 1864	<div><p>Key to the Filistatidae of Israel and Palestine</p> <p>The key below can be used to identify known species of crevice weavers from Israel and Palestine. For more information, readers are referred to recent taxonomic revisions of Zaitunia Lehtinen, 1967 (Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2016), Filistata (Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2019; Zamani &amp; Marusik 2020) and Sahastata Benoit, 1968 (Magalhaes et al. 2020; Gavish-Regev et al. 2022). Although Pritha Lehtinen, 1967 has not been thoroughly revised, valuable taxonomic information for several species is available in scattered works (Brignoli 1982; Marusik &amp; Zamani 2015b; Legittimo et al. 2017; Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2019).</p> <p>1. Tarsi without macrosetae; abdomen dorsally with white setae (in males, in one or two large patches) (Fig. 10H, I); female with calamistrum with three rows of inconspicuous setae (Fig. 10B); males with rigid leg tarsi, not flexible; male cymbium shorter than wide (Fig. 10L); male sperm duct with a single coil (Fig. 10L)............. Prithinae: Pritha Lehtinen, 1967 [three described species in Israel: Pritha albimaculata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872), Pritha hirsuta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) and Pritha tenuispina (Strand, 1814), in addition to undescribed species; genus in need of revision].</p> <p>– Tarsi with macroseta (Fig. 10A; difficult to see in Zaitunia); white setae absent from abdomen; female calamistrum with conspicuous setae (Fig. 10C–E); males with flexible leg tarsi (Fig. 10F); male cymbium longer than wide (Figs 10M, N, 8); male sperm duct with at least two coils (Figs 10M–N, 8)............................................................................................................ 2 (Filistatinae Simon, 1864)</p> <p>2. Females with continuous calamistrum, with three rows with many setae (15 or more) (Fig. 10C); large spiders (females with body length around 10 mm); females dark brown to black (Fig. 10G) and males light cream; males of Israeli species unknown, but based on congeners, should have pedipalpal femur with dorsal and ventral macrosetae............................................................................................................... Sahastata Benoit, 1968 [a single known species in Israel, known currently only from females, Sahastata aravaensis Ganem, Magalhaes, Zonstein &amp; Gavish-Regev, 2022].</p> <p>– Females with discontinuous calamistrum interrupted by a medial gap, with staggered rows with few setae (10 or less) (Fig. 10D–E); small to medium spiders (adults with body length around 3–6 mm); females brown or light cream (Figs 7, 10J); males with pedipalpal femur without dorsal macrosetae (ventral macrosetae present in Filistata, difficult to see in Zaitunia)................................................ 3</p> <p>3. Brown spiders, with subrounded carapace (Fig. 10J); steep clypeus with strong, erect setae (Fig. 10P); females with two separate pairs of spermathecae (Fig. 10K); male cymbium without two strong and elongated prolateral setae; male pedipalpal tibia short, at most 2 times as long as wide (Fig. 10N)... Zaitunia Lehtinen, 1967 [a single known species in Israel, Zaitunia schmitzi (Kulczyński, 1911)].</p> <p>– Light cream spiders, with carapace longer than wide (Fig. 7); flat clypeus, without particularly strong setae (Fig. 10Q); females with a single pair of spermathecae (Fig. 9), or if with two pairs, these are partly fused (Fig. 3B–C); male cymbium with two strong prolateral setae (Fig. 8B); male pedipalpal tibia long, at least three times as long as wide (Fig. 8A)............................................................................................................................................................. 4 (Filistata Latreille, 1810) [four described species in Israel, of those four species, only the females of F. insidiatrix and F. betarif are known, and are not morphologically diagnosable; thus, the remainder of the key refers only to males].</p> <p>4. Male copulatory bulb short and stout, with long and coiled embolus (Fig. 10M); carapace subrounded..................................................................... Filistata lubinae Zonstein &amp; Marusik, 2019</p> <p>– Male copulatory bulb subconical (Figs 8, 10O), embolus not coiled; carapace longer than wide.... 5</p> <p>5. Sperm duct loosely packed, with space between coils; copulatory bulb shorter (ca 80% of cymbium length), with ventral side nearly straight (Fig. 10O)....... Filistata albens Zonstein &amp; Marusik, 2019</p> <p>– Sperm duct tightly packed (Fig. 8), without space between coils; copulatory bulb longer (almost as long as cymbium), with ventral side curved inwards........................................................................ 6</p> <p>6. Embolic keel conspicuous (Figs 3H, 8G, 5A).............................................. Filistata betarif sp. nov.</p> <p>– Embolic keel inconspicuous (Fig. 3I, 8H, 5B).......................... Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54519917FF82FFC10AFBFB610F9FE922	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.;Aharon, Shlomi;Ganem, Zeana;Gavish-Regev, Efrat	Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Aharon, Shlomi, Ganem, Zeana, Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2022): A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 831: 149-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
