taxonID	type	description	language	source
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	description	Figs 2, 3, 4, 5	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: MNHN-IK- 2016 - 45 (Fig. 2), Red Sea, Duba Channel, 27.643801 ° N, 35.455505 ° E, 303 m, 9 Oct 2020, Neptune submersible (collection code NTN 0028 - 6). Paratypes: KAUST-NTN 0037 - 8, Red Sea, off Haql (Gulf of Aqaba), 29.264796 ° N, 34.920449 ° E, 278 m, 21 Oct 2020, Neptune submersible (collection code NTN 0037 - 8); MUZAC- 6665, Red Sea, South of Magna (Gulf of Aqaba), 28.31497 ° N, 34.68936 ° E, 323 m, 25 Oct 2020, Neptune submersible (collection code NTN 0040 - 2); MUZAC- 6666, Red Sea, South Sila Island, 27.562322 ° N, 35.283313 ° E, 629 m, 12 Oct 2020, Chimaera ROV (collection code CHR 0011 - 2); KAUST-NTN 0056 - 3, Red Sea, off Shusha Island, 27.8933 ° N, 34.83665 ° E, 597 m, 7 Nov 2020, Neptune submersible (collection code NTN 0056 - 3).	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Colony attached though a basal disk, monopodial, generally unbranched or with a few, random branches, and pinnulate (Figs 2 a, b, 3 a-e). Stem cylindrical (Fig. 2 c), regularly decreasing in diameter from the base to the top. Lower unpinnulated section of the stem (stalk) much shorter than upper pinnulated section. Pinnules simple, up to 20 cm long and subequal in length over most of the corallum, except for proximal and distal ones that are shorter. Pinnules arranged alternately in two lateral rows along the stem (Fig. 2 d), although one or few couples of pinnules can be occasionally present on the same side (Fig. 3 f). Pinnules inclined of 30 ° in frontal view (Fig. 2 d) and oriented slightly forward in the polypar side with respect to the stem. Pinnular basal diameter 0.18 - 0.40 mm (0.11 in young colonies). Spacing of pinnules on the same side 2.8 - 4.3 mm (Fig. 2 d), with a pinnular density of 12 - 18 per 3 cm (up to 20 in young colonies), including pinnules on both sides. Spines on the pinnules smooth, laterally compressed, triangular, acute, simple or rarely bifurcated, 0.015 - 0.025 mm tall (occasionally down to 0.008 mm or up to 0.028 mm), with polypar spines almost the same size of abpolypar ones or slightly larger. Four or five rows of spines in lateral view, each row bearing from one to three spines (Fig. 4 d-i), with a density of 5 - 8 spines per mm (considering double or triple spines as one). Rows can be less obvious on some pinnules. Spines on the stem smooth, laterally compressed, triangular in profile, acute, simple and enlarged at the base, 0.020 - 0.030 mm tall. Spines uniformly distributed around the stem, arranged in 10 - 14 longitudinal rows, each one bearing one to three parallel spines (Fig. 4 a-c). Spines often random on the proximal stem and near the basal disk. Basal disk with numerous, elongated spines up to 1.2 mm tall. Polyps present on one side on both pinnules and stem (Fig. 2 e), elongated along the transverse axis, 1.5 - 2.5 mm in transverse diameter (rarely smaller or larger) and 0.5 mm large (Fig. 2 f-i). Polyps sharply divided into three regions, with pairs of tentacles 0.5 mm long (contracted polyps) and 0.2 - 0.3 mm apart, and prominent oral cones. Polyps distance ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 mm, generally 1 mm, with a density of 10 - 15 polyps per 3 cm.	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. The holotype (MNHN-IK- 2016 - 45) is a complete colony with an intact basal disk and apex. The colony is attached to the subfossil remains of an irregular echinoid encrusted by various small invertebrates. The colony is 74.5 cm long with a stem basal diameter of 1.8 mm. The unpinnulated stalk is 4 cm long. The basal disk is 7 mm in diameter with numerous, erect and acute spines, up to 0.9 mm tall, all over its surface. The pinnules are simple, bilateral and arranged alternately. Although pinnules are quite flexible, some of them are broken off. The longest remaining ones are ~ 20 cm in length with a basal diameter of ~ 0.28 - 0.40 mm. The number of pinnules on the corallum is 186 on one side and 181 on the other. Some pinnules are missing at the base of the corallum, likely broken and lost during collection with the sampling manipulator. Within each row, the pinnules are spaced 2.8 - 3.5 mm apart on the apical portion of the corallum, 3.2 - 3.7 mm on the middle area and 3.4 - 4.0 mm on the basal one. The resulting pinnular density is 14 per 3 cm (total for both rows) on the proximal portion of the stem to ~ 16 - 18 per 3 cm in the median and towards the distal end. The central axial canal is 0.31 mm wide on a pinnule 0.42 mm in diameter, and 0.10 mm on a pinnule 0.22 mm in diameter. The stem is characterised by six or seven rows of spines in lateral view, although in some areas their distribution can be irregular. A single, 4 - cm branch is present in the proximal area of the corallum, and a dichotomous ramification is present in the median area (Fig. 3 c, d). Pinnular spines are small, from 0.017 to 0.022 mm tall, and 0.20 - 0.31 mm apart. Spines can be double or triple, particularly in the proximal portion of pinnules. Bifurcated spines are also present, although not common. The polyps are 1.5 - 2.0 mm in transverse diameter, rarely smaller than 1.5 mm. Polyps density is 11 - 15 polyps per 3 cm on the stem and 11 - 13 polyps per 3 cm on the pinnules.	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	description	Description of the paratypes. The general morphology of the four paratypes analysed is similar to that of the holotype, with a monopodial corallum and pinnules simple, bilateral and arranged alternately. All paratypes have elongated polyps occurring in a single series on one side of the pinnules and of the stem. Paratype KAUST-NTN 0037 - 8 is a complete colony of 27 cm in length (Fig. 5 a, b), with a stem basal diameter of 1 mm. The unpinnulated stalk is 2.8 cm long, while the basal disk is 4 mm in diameter with tall spines, up to 1 mm, erect or curved upwards. The pinnules are up to 9 cm long with a basal diameter of 0.25 - 0.35 mm and a pinnular density of 14 - 16 per 3 cm (Fig. 5 c). Distance between adjacent pinnules on one side of the stem is 3.3 - 4.2 mm, except for one couple of pinnules in the median part of the colony that is not alternately arranged. The stem is characterised by six rows of spines in lateral view, although in some areas their distribution is more irregular. Rows are uniformly distributed around the stem, and host spines 0.020 - 0.028 mm tall. Spines on the pinnules are 0.018 - 0.022 mm tall, and 0.13 - 0.20 mm apart (Fig. 5 e). Each pinnule bears 4 - 5 rows of spines in lateral view. Polyps are generally 1.9 - 2.5 mm in transverse diameter (Fig. 5 d), rarely up to 3.0 mm, while young ones can be only 1.3 mm. They are mostly 1 mm apart, although distance can range between 0.8 and 2.3 mm. Density of 10 polyps per 3 cm. Paratype MUZAC- 6665 is a complete colony of 45 cm in length (Fig. 5 f, g), with a stem basal diameter of 1.6 mm. The unpinnulated stalk is 3 cm long, while the basal disk is 6.2 mm in diameter with spines up to 1.2 mm tall, erect or curved upwards. Pinnules up to 16 cm long with a basal diameter of 0.30 - 0.40 mm and a pinnular density of 12 - 15 per 3 cm. One couple of pinnules at the median and two at the distal part of the stem interrupt the alternate arrangement, being on the same side. A single, primary branch is present on one side of the colony and a single, secondary one on the other side (Fig. 3 e). Pinnular spines 0.021 - 0.028 mm tall, 0.12 - 0.30 mm apart, and arranged in 4 - 5 rows in lateral view (Fig. 5 i). Spines on the stem arranged in 6 - 7 rows per side and 0.020 - 0.030 mm tall. Polyps 2.0 - 2.5 mm in transverse diameter (occasionally up to 3.0 mm or down to 1.3 mm), with a density of 10 - 12 polyps per 3 cm (Fig. 5 h). Paratype MUZAC- 6666 is a complete colony of 14 cm in length (Fig. 5 j), with a stem basal diameter of 0.6 mm. The unpinnulated stalk is 1.6 cm long, while the basal disk is 4 mm in diameter with spines up to 0.8 mm tall (Fig. 5 m). The pinnules are up to 7 cm long with a basal diameter of 0.11 mm and a pinnular density of 18 - 20 per 3 cm. The pinnules are characterised by four or five rows of spines in lateral view, with spines 0.012 - 0.016 mm tall and 0.10 - 0.22 mm apart (Fig. 5 l). Polyps are 1.5 - 2.0 mm in transverse diameter, 1.5 - 2.0 mm apart, with a density of 9 - 10 polyps per 3 cm (Fig. 5 k). Paratype KAUST-NTN 0056 - 3 is a complete colony 26 cm long, with a stem basal diameter of 0.9 mm. The unpinnulated stalk is 3.0 cm long, while the basal disk is 2.7 mm in diameter with tall spines, erect or curved upwards, up to 0.9 mm tall. Pinnules up to 11 cm long with a basal diameter of 0.18 - 0.26 mm and a pinnular density of 14 - 17 per 3 cm. Pinnules are alternate, with adjacent ones spaced 3.2 - 4.3 mm, except for one, single pair of pinnules present on the same side of the stem, in the median part of the colony. The central axial canal is 0.07 mm in diameter on a pinnule 0.12 mm in diameter. Pinnules with four rows of spines in lateral view, mostly 0.008 - 0.012 mm tall (some up to 0.018 mm) and 0.10 - 0.18 mm apart. Stem bearing five rows of spines in lateral view, 0.016 - 0.020 mm tall. The colony was found dead, without polyps.	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from the Greek words thermos (hot) and philia (love, preference for), referring to the occurrence of this species in the rather warm Red Sea waters, especially compared to the water temperatures usually measured in other bodies of water within the same depth range.	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
0DF109C5A73D5B3E89EAD1C2DD426109.taxon	distribution	Distribution. A colony matching the macro-morphology of B. thermophila sp. nov. is shown in Qurban et al. (2014: fig. 3 F), where it is reported as an " unidentified sea fan ". It is reported from two areas off Duba (Fig. 1), at 360 - 720 m depth, extending the known distribution further south from our sampling area. To date, B. thermophila sp. nov. is only known from the Gulf of Aqaba and northern Red Sea (Fig. 1), from 195 to 720 m depth.	en	Chimienti, Giovanni, Terraneo, Tullia Isotta, Vicario, Silvia, Marchese, Fabio, Purkis, Sam J., Abdulla Eweida, Ameer, Rodrigue, Mattie, Benzoni, Francesca (2022): A new species of Bathypathes (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia, Schizopathidae) from the Red Sea and its phylogenetic position. ZooKeys 1116: 1-22, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.79846
