taxonID	type	description	language	source
37890425D08B5B47B6E67408B5226FBA.taxon	materials_examined	Type. China. Xizang: Medog County, Beibeng Xiang, Xirang, ca. 600 m from the Yarlung Zangbo River, 29 ° 11 ' 17.63 " N, 95 ° 03 ' 42.27 " E, 720 m elev., 28 Oct 2021, Liang Zhang & Wen-Bin Ju 4781 (holotype: KUN 1543824!; isotypes: CDBI!, KUN!).	en	Qiu, Yong-Lin, Xu, Ke-Wang, Ju, Wen-Bin, Zhao, Wang-Lin, Zhang, Liang (2022): Hymenasplenium tholiformis (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from southeastern Xizang, China based on morphological and molecular evidence. PhytoKeys 204: 43-56, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746
37890425D08B5B47B6E67408B5226FBA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hymenasplenium tholiformis is morphologically most similar to H. szechuanense, but different by having larger pinnae (middle pinnae 2.5 - 3 cm vs. 1.5 - 2.3 cm), extremely ascending upper pinnae (vs. spreading or slightly ascending), curved margins of acroscopic side of pinnae (vs. truncate), and pinna-marginal teeth entire and veins terminating just below marginal teeth (vs. pinna-marginal teeth retuse to emarginate and veins terminating just below these notches).	en	Qiu, Yong-Lin, Xu, Ke-Wang, Ju, Wen-Bin, Zhao, Wang-Lin, Zhang, Liang (2022): Hymenasplenium tholiformis (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from southeastern Xizang, China based on morphological and molecular evidence. PhytoKeys 204: 43-56, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746
37890425D08B5B47B6E67408B5226FBA.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, 20 - 36 cm. Rhizome long-creeping, ca. 2 mm in diam., apex scaly; scales dark brown, lanceolate or narrowly triangular, 0.5 - 1 x 0.2 - 0.3 mm, margins entire; roots yellowish brown when dried. Fronds remote, 10 - 12 mm apart, subglabrous; stipe shiny, black purple, 8 - 13 cm long, base ca. 2 - 3 mm in diam., with scales similar to those on rhizome; lamina herbaceous, once pinnate, narrowly oblong to lanceolate, 13 - 16 x 3 - 5 cm, base truncate and slightly reduced, apex acuminate to caudate; rachis 0.5 - 1 mm in diam., wingless, narrowly grooved adaxially, shiny, glabrous, black purple to dark purple; pinnae 15 - 21 pairs, trapeziform to trapeziform-lunate, basal pinnae nearly opposite, spreading or slightly ascending, upper pinnae alternate, extremely ascending, middle pinnae alternate, ascending, 2.5 - 3 x 0.6 - 1 cm, dimidiate, pinna asymmetrical, base largest, upper part of pinna enlarged, similar width as, or slightly wider than, the middle part of pinna, apex obtuse to rounded, acroscopic margins curved and irregularly toothed, teeth entire, basiscopic margins truncate or slightly curved and entire (Fig. 1). Veins visible on both sides of pinnae, free, forking and terminating in marginal teeth, 3 - 4 basal basiscopic veins lacking. Sori medial, linear or semi-elliptic, 5 - 8 pairs per pinna (Fig. 1), 2 - 3 mm long; indusia persistent, brown, linear or semi-elliptic, membranous, entire, opening toward costa. Spores elliptic to reniform, perispore fimbriate-alate, 43 - 47 μm in diam. (Fig. 1); 32 spores per sporangium.	en	Qiu, Yong-Lin, Xu, Ke-Wang, Ju, Wen-Bin, Zhao, Wang-Lin, Zhang, Liang (2022): Hymenasplenium tholiformis (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from southeastern Xizang, China based on morphological and molecular evidence. PhytoKeys 204: 43-56, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746
37890425D08B5B47B6E67408B5226FBA.taxon	distribution	Distribution and conservation assessment. Hymenasplenium tholiformis is endemic to Medog County. Currently, only one large population with ca. 35 individuals was found. According to IUCN Red List criteria B 2 a or D (IUCN 2022), this species should be listed as critically endangered (CR). More extensive fieldwork at low elevations in nearby mountains will be needed to accurately assess its conservation status.	en	Qiu, Yong-Lin, Xu, Ke-Wang, Ju, Wen-Bin, Zhao, Wang-Lin, Zhang, Liang (2022): Hymenasplenium tholiformis (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from southeastern Xizang, China based on morphological and molecular evidence. PhytoKeys 204: 43-56, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746
37890425D08B5B47B6E67408B5226FBA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet alludes to dome shape of pinna apex.	en	Qiu, Yong-Lin, Xu, Ke-Wang, Ju, Wen-Bin, Zhao, Wang-Lin, Zhang, Liang (2022): Hymenasplenium tholiformis (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from southeastern Xizang, China based on morphological and molecular evidence. PhytoKeys 204: 43-56, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.204.85746
