taxonID	type	description	language	source
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	description	(Figs 1 ‒ 4) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5686 C 839 - BD 36 - 4 A 9 D-B 347 - A 6 FD 6 EA 2 A 4 FD	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, female: Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. [19] 85, B. S. Padgham coll., ex Castanopsis CIE A 17491, NHMUK 014591745 (NHML). Paratypes, as holotype except B. F. Padgham coll., NHMUK 014591826 - NHMUK 014591830 (NHML, 5).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. 3.3 − 3.4 mm long (mean = 3.38 mm; n = 5); 2.75 − 2.83 × as long as wide. This species can be distinguished by the small size and stout form, obliquely truncate declivity with granulate margins, pronotum longer than wide and subquadrate from dorsal view (type 3); declivital interstriae with confused granules; declivital interstriae 2 weakly impressed. Similar species. Cyclorhipidion amasoides Smith, Beaver & Cognato, C. amputatum Smith, Beaver & Cognato, C. circumcisum (Sampson), C. muticum Smith, Beaver & Cognato, C. truncaudinum Smith, Beaver & Cognato, C. umbratum (Eggers), all of which are large and have an obliquely truncate or truncate elytral declivity.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	description	Description (female). 3.3 − 3.4 mm long (mean = 3.38 mm; n = 5); 2.75 − 2.83 × as long as wide. Appearing bicolored: body, antennae, legs, elytral base light red brown, declivity dark red brown. Head: epistoma entire, transverse, with a row of hair-like setae. Frons weakly convex to upper level of eyes; surface subshining, impunctate, alutaceous, rugose. Eyes shallowly emarginate just above antennal insertion, upper part smaller than lower part. Submentum narrow, triangular, deeply impressed. Antennal scape regularly thick, as long as club. Pedicel as wide as scape, shorter than funicle. Funicle 4 - segmented, segment 1 as long as pedicel. Club approximately circular and flat, type 3; segment 1 corneous, transverse on anterior face, occupying about basal 1 / 3; segment 2 narrow, corneous; segments 1 ‒ 2 present on posterior face. Pronotum: 1.08 × as long as wide. In dorsal view subquadrate, sides convex, type 3, narrowly rounded anteriorly; anterior margin without serrations. In lateral view elongate with disc as long as anterior slope, type 7, disc flat, summit at midpoint. Anterior slope shagreened, with densely spaced, fine, narrow asperities, becoming lower and more strongly transverse towards summit, bearing long, fine, semi-recumbent, hair-like setae. Disc subshining, alutaceous, densely, finely punctate, finely setose, setae short, erect, hair-like. Lateral margins obliquely costate. Base transverse, posterior angles broadly rounded. Elytra: 1.75 × as long as wide, 1.62 × as long as pronotum. Scutellum large, broad, linguiform, shining, flush with elytra, flat. Elytral base transverse, edge oblique, humeral angles rounded, parallel-sided in basal 4 / 5, then broadly rounded to apex. Disc flat, shining, striae and interstriae densely setose, setae long, semi-recumbent, hair-like, strial and interstrial punctures strongly confused, indistinguishable; striae and interstriae not impressed, minutely punctate, punctures separated by 1 ‒ 4 diameters of a puncture. Declivity occupying 1 / 3 of elytra, obliquely truncate, face weakly impressed along interstriae 2, shagreened, dull; 5 striae present, striae 1 distinctly impressed, striae 2 closer to striae 3 than striae 1, strial punctures large, distinct, shagreened, subcontiguous, much larger than on disc; interstriae 1, 3 ‒ 5 weakly convex, interstriae densely setose, setae long, semi-erect hair-like; interstriae impunctate, confusedly granulate, granules numerous on interstriae 1, 3 ‒ 5, moderately large and irregularly spaced; interstriae 2 granules smaller, less abundant than other interstriae. Posterolateral margin costate, granulate, extending laterally to interstriae 7; setose, setae long, fine, erect, hair-like. Legs: procoxae contiguous; prosternal coxal piece tall and pointed. Protibiae semi-circular with evenly rounded outer margin, broadest at apical 1 / 3; posterior face smooth; apical 1 / 3 of outer margin with 9 moderate socketed denticles, their length approximately as long as basal width. Meso- and metatibiae broad, flattened; outer margin evenly rounded with 17 and 12 moderate socketed denticles, respectively.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plants. Castanopsis (Fagaceae).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E563F0FFF6C4DD2FDB8C866.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Druk (Dzongkha) = Thunder Dragon. The Druk is a Bhutanese national symbol after which the country is named. Noun in apposition.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	description	(Figs 5 ‒ 8) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 268 A 443 - EE 7 A- 4892 - BC 62 - BA 81618 D 361 A	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, female: Bhutan, Gedu, TDRI, 6. viii. [19] 85, A. J, D. E. Padgham coll., ex Acer sp. CIE A 17491, NHMUK 014591818 (NHML).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. 2.9 mm long (n = 1); 2.42 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by its pronotum conical in dorsal view (type 0); obliquely truncate antennal club with two sutures on the posterior face (type 2); elytra unarmed by tubercles and granules, and posterolateral margin rounded. Similar species. Anisandrus Ferrari spp.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	description	Description (female). 2.9 mm long (n = 1); 2.42 × as long as wide. Body dark brown. Legs and antennae brown. Head: epistoma entire, transverse, with a row of hair-like setae. Frons weakly convex to upper level of eyes; surface alutaceous, sparsely punctate, setose; punctures bearing a long, erect hair-like seta. Eyes shallowly emarginate just above antennal insertion, upper part smaller than lower part. Submentum broadly triangular, slightly impressed. Antennal scape regularly thick. Funicle 4 - segmented. Club longer than wide, obliquely truncate, type 2; segment 1 corneous, transverse on anterior face, occupying basal half; segment 2 narrow, corneous; segments 1 and 2 present on posterior face. Pronotum: 0.92 × as long as wide. In dorsal view conical, type 0, sides convex, conical anteriorly; anterior margin without serrations. In lateral view tall, type 2, disc flat, summit at apical 2 / 5. Anterior slope with dense low, broad asperities, becoming lower and more strongly transverse towards summit. Disc shagreened with moderately dense, minute punctures, some longer hair-like setae at margins. Lateral margins obliquely costate. Base transverse, posterior angles acutely rounded. Elytra: 1.50 × as long as wide, 1.64 × as long as pronotum. Scutellum moderately sized, linguiform, shining, flush with elytra, flat. Elytral base transverse, edge oblique and unarmed by granules, humeral angles rounded, parallel-sided in basal 3 / 5, then broadly rounded to apex. Striae and interstriae flush, unarmed by tubercles or granules; interstriae opalescent. Disc flat, striae not impressed, with large, deep punctures separated by 1.5 ‒ 2 diameters of a puncture, setose; each puncture bearing a semi-erect hair-like seta, increasing in length towards declivity; interstriae flat, punctures subequal to strial punctures, each bearing an erect seta longer than the width of an interstria. Declivital slope very gradual, occupying approximately 1 / 3 of elytra, declivital face weakly convex; strial punctures very large, shallow, much larger and deeper than those of disc, setose, setae short, as long as strial punctures; interstriae sparsely, minutely punctate, setose, setae long, erect. Posterolateral margin rounded. Legs: protibiae distinctly triangular, broadest at apical 1 / 4; posterior face smooth; apical 1 / 2 of outer margin with 7 moderate socketed denticles, their length as long as basal width. Meso- and metatibiae flattened; outer margin evenly rounded with 8 moderate socketed denticles, respectively.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plants. Acer (Sapindaceae).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. L. insolitus = unusual, strange. An adjective. In reference to the unusual combination of characters exhibited by this species (see remarks.)	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F09FF6C4D9AFF31C97A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is a rather unique Euwallacea species with an idiosyncratic combination of characters. Overall, the species is rather similar to Anisandrus species which often have a similar form with a conical type 0 pronotum, gradual elytral declivity, rounded posterolateral elytra margin, and unarmed interstriae. It can be readily distinguished from Anisandrus by the lack of a pronotal mycangial tuft and type 2 antennal club with two sutures on the posterior face.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	description	(Figs 9 ‒ 12) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 845 C 6 E 48 - F 4 B 5 - 47 B 0 - 8 AAC- 244459 B 1 C 562	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, female: Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. [19] 85, X. Padgham coll., ex Trewia nudiflora CIE A 17491, NHMUK 014591825 (NHML).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. 2.1 mm long (n = 1); 2.33 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the small size; declivity obliquely truncate, abruptly separated from disc; posterolateral margins of elytra carinate to interstriae 7; declivital face with 5 punctate striae; declivital interstriae with densely uniseriate denticles; pronotum from dorsal view rounded (type 1) and lateral view basic (type 0), pronotal summit at midpoint, basal 1 / 2 smooth, shining, sparsely minutely punctate; sparse mycangial tuft on the pronotal base; and outer margin of protibia armed with 5 large socketed denticles.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	description	Description (female). 2.1 mm long (n = 1); 2.33 × as long as wide. Head, pronotum and elytral disc light redbrown, declivity dark red-brown, antennae and legs light brown. Head: epistoma entire, transverse, with a row of hair-like setae. Frons weakly convex to upper level of eyes; median carina present; surface shagreened, sparsely punctate, punctures, large, shallow, alutaceous, sparsely setose, setae erect, hair-like. Eyes very shallowly emarginate just above antennal insertion, upper part smaller than lower part. Submentum broad, triangular, deeply impressed. Antennal scape regularly thick, approximately as long as club. Pedicel as wide as scape, shorter than funicle. Funicle 4 - segmented, segment 1 as long as pedicel. Club 1.1 × taller than broad, subcircular, obliquely truncate, type 1; segment 1 corneous, encircling anterior face, margin costate. Pronotum: 1.11 × as long as wide. In dorsal view rounded, type 1, sides parallel in basal 1 / 2, rounded anteriorly; anterior margin with a row of six serrations. In lateral view basic, type 0, disc flat, summit at midpoint. Anterior slope with densely spaced, moderate asperities, becoming lower and more strongly transverse towards summit, bearing long, fine, erect hair-like setae, some longer hair-like setae at anterior and lateral margins. Disc shining, alutaceous with sparse, fine punctures, glabrous. Lateral margins obliquely costate. Base transverse, posterior angles broadly rounded. Mycangial tuft present along basal margin, tuft broad, sparse, laterally extending to striae 3. Elytra: 1.22 × as long as wide, 1.1 × as long as pronotum. Scutellum moderately sized, linguiform, flush with elytra, flat, shining. Elytral base transverse, edge oblique, humeral angles rounded, parallel-sided in basal 2 / 3, then broadly rounded to apex. Striae punctate, not impressed. Disc occupying basal half of elytra, shining, interstriae punctate, moderately setose, setae semi-erect, hair-like. Declivity sharply distinct from disc, 5 striae visible, strial punctures larger, deeper than those of disc; interstriae with densely uniseriate denticles, denticles small, spaced 2 - 4 diameters of a denticle, with erect hair-like setae, as long as the distance between suture and striae 2. Apex emarginate, margins acutely carinate. Posterolateral margin carinate to interstriae 7. Legs: procoxae widely separated; prosternal coxal piece flat, inconspicuous. Protibiae slender, broadest at apical 1 / 4; posterior face smooth; outer margin of apical 1 / 2 with 5 large socketed denticles, their length much longer than basal width; apical mucro prominent, strongly incurved. Meso- and metatibiae flattened, outer margins evenly rounded with 10 and 12, small similarly sized socketed denticles, their length no longer than basal width, respectively.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plants. Mallotus (= Trewia) nudiflorus (Euphorbiaceae)	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. In reference to the type locality, Gedu. Latinized adjective.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E503F0AFF6C4BAEFF0CCAEA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is very similar to the Indomalayan species Xylosandrus derupteterminatus (Schedl). It can be separated by the following combination of characters (X. geduensis given first): elongate form, 2.33 × as long as wide vs stout 1.82 – 2.0 × as long as wide (Smith et al. 2020); outer margin of protibia with 5 denticles vs 4 denticles; more gradual declivital slope, declivity occupying 1 / 2 of elytra vs. 2 / 5 of elytra; and interstrial setae shorter, as long as the distance between suture and striae 2 vs. longer, as long as the distance between the suture and striae 3.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E533F05FF6C4BE7FBDECE36.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Recorded from India and Sri Lanka through Southeast Asia to Indonesia and as far East as the Solomon Is. Introduced into the Mediterranean region.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E533F05FF6C4BE7FBDECE36.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Most species of Cryphalus are host-specific at the level of the host family, but C. discretus has been recorded from several different plant families (Wood & Bright 1992). It is likely that some of these records involve misidentification of the beetle. Wood (1989) notes that the species is common in Ficus (Moraceae) in the Oriental region, and this is also the host in the Mediterranean region (Faccoli et al. 2016).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C4CBAFA9ACD82.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Circumtropical. Often intercepted in seeds and fruits in temperate zone countries.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C4CBAFA9ACD82.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species breeds in the seeds and fruits of many plant species, particularly palms (Arecaceae).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C49C2FBD0C906.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh), Pakistan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C49C2FBD0C906.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species primarily attacks Pinus roxburghii (Pinaceae) in the subtropical conifer forest belt of the Himalayas at elevations between 500 and 2000 m (Kirisits et al. 2002). Other conifers may also be attacked, but confusion with closely-related species of Ips makes most early host records unreliable. It is considered to be a secondary species, attacking severely stressed or dying trees (Kirisits et al. 2002).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F04FF6C4B5BFE35CE6A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Sikkim), Nepal.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F04FF6C4B5BFE35CE6A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species attacks several genera of conifers (Pinus, Picea, Larix) (Pinaceae). The basic biology, life history and associated blue-stain fungi have been described by Schmutzenhofer (1988 a), Eidmann & Wiersma (1989) and Kirisits et al. (2002). The components of the aggregation pheromone have been analysed by Eidmann & Birgersson (1988) and Kohnle et al. (1988). It tends to breed at higher altitudes (2500 ‒ 3800 m) than I. longifolia (Schmutzenhofer 1988 a). It is an aggressive species capable of killing trees through mass attacks. The history, causes and extent of the outbreak in western Bhutan in the 1980 ’ s leading to extensive mortality of Picea spinulosa and Pinus wallichiana, are discussed by Schmutzenhofer (1988 a), Chhetri (1991), and Kirisits et al. (2002), and control methods suggested.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C4FDBFEFACB1E.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Nobding, 40 km Ost Wangdi Ph., 2800 m, 1972 (1) (NHMW).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C4FDBFEFACB1E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh), Nepal.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5C3F05FF6C4FDBFEFACB1E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Stebbing (1914) gives some notes on the life history and the gallery system in the phloem. All host records are from Quercus spp. (Fagaceae). The beetles attack weakened trees, especially those parasitised by mistletoe.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C4CD7FC57CC76.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Xizang), India (Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand), Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C4CD7FC57CC76.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species attacks conifers in the genera, Pinus, Picea and Cedrus (Pinaceae), but is particularly important as a pest of Pinus wallichiana in the Himalayan region (Browne 1968). Its biology has been described by Stebbing (1914), Beeson (1961) and Khanday et al. (2020). Associated coleopteran predators are considered to be important in regulating population levels (Khanday et al. 2016, 2018).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C4E87FE58CB56.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C4E87FE58CB56.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C4BE7FCB7C8D1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Sichuan, Yunnan), India (Assam, Uttar Pradesh, W. Bengal), Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C4BE7FCB7C8D1.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Beeson (1961) describes the biology and figures the gallery system. The species is known to attack at least 12 different families of trees (Beaver & Gebhardt 2006).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C481BFAC5C996.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Xizang, Yunnan), India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Laos, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, West Malaysia.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5D3F04FF6C481BFAC5C996.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The biology and life history of Scolytoplatypus species are described by Beeson (1961), Browne (1961 a), Beaver & Gebhardt (2006) and Beaver & Liu (2018). Scolytoplatypus raja is a polyphagous species attacking both coniferous and angiosperm trees (Beeson 1961, Maiti & Saha 2009, Wood & Bright 1992).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F07FF6C4E4EFE4FCBEE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South China, India and Nepal, through Southeast Asia to East Malaysia, Taiwan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F07FF6C4E4EFE4FCBEE.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. A polyphagous species like the majority of Xyleborini. Beeson (1930) describes the biology, gallery system and phenology. He notes that the species tends to attack timber which has been felled for several weeks rather than freshly felled.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F07FF6C49FEFAC8C906.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, Taiwan, Thailand. The recorded distribution is discordant, but RAB has examined one of the specimens from Bhutan recorded by Schedl (1975), and it is undoubtedly conspecific with specimens collected in Taiwan (Beaver & Liu 2010).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F07FF6C49FEFAC8C906.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recorded only from Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) ‘ Camphor’ (Beaver & Liu 2010).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F07FF6C4DD2FC44CD82.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, although probably of American origin (Wood 1977). Often imported into temperate zone countries, and occasionally established there in greenhouses and other warmer sites.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F07FF6C4DD2FC44CD82.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recorded from twigs, branches, seeds and fruits of hundreds of plant species, and one of the most commonly collected species in the tropics and subtropics (Wood 2007).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F06FF6C4B56FE02CFFF.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, W. distr. Thimpu, E Dochu La, Menshunang, 2400 m, 7. vii. 1988, C. Holzschuh (1) (NKME).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F06FF6C4B56FE02CFFF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Yunnan), India (Meghalaya, ‘ Naga Hills’, Sikkim, West Bengal), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5E3F06FF6C4B56FE02CFFF.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species has been recorded from Alnus (Betulaceae), Quercus (Fagaceae), and Symplocos (Symplocaceae) (Beeson 1930).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C4C0FFB62CD83.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, W. distr. Thimpu, E Dochu La, Menshunang, 2400 m, 7. vii. 1988, C. Holzschuh (1) (RABC).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C4C0FFB62CD83.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (West Bengal), Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C4C0FFB62CD83.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous, and has been recorded from five genera in five different families (Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Rosaceae, Staphyleaceae, Symplocaceae) (Maiti & Saha 2004).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C4FDBFA95CB57.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, W. distr. Thimpu, E Dochu La, Menshunang, 2400 m, 7. vii. 1988, C. Holzschuh (1) (NKME)	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C4FDBFA95CB57.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, Cambodia, China (Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan), India (Meghalaya, West Bengal), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C4FDBFA95CB57.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous, and has been recorded from five genera in five different families (Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Rutaceae, Symplocaceae) (Wood & Bright 1992; Beaver & Liu 2010).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C49A7FE58CAEB.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. [19] 85, DE Padgham, TFRI, CIE A 17491 (1) (NMHL).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C49A7FE58CAEB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C49A7FE58CAEB.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C48E3FA9CC82F.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. [19] 85, I Padgham, ex Machilus edulis, CIE A 17491 (2) (NMHL).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C48E3FA9CC82F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Meghalaya, West Bengal), Laos, Nepal.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F06FF6C48E3FA9CC82F.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recorded from Quercus lamellosa (Fagaceae) (Beeson 1930), and Machilus edulis (Lauraceae).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F01FF6C4A3FFE12CEA2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Yunnan), India (Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal), Indonesia (Sumatra), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5F3F01FF6C4A3FFE12CEA2.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recorded from Castanopsis and Quercus (Fagaceae), and probably with a close association with Fagaceae (Beaver et al. 2014).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F01FF6C4CBBFCE5CC12.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. 1985, AS Padgham coll. ex Castanopsis, CIE A 17491 (3) (NHML).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F01FF6C4CBBFCE5CC12.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Yunnan), Indonesia (Java, Mentawai Is, Sumatra, Sulawesi), Laos, East & West Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F01FF6C4CBBFCE5CC12.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous, and has been recorded from many different host trees (e. g. Browne (1961), Ohno (1990). Browne (1961) briefly describes the gallery system, and notes that it attacks not only dying or newly felled trees, but healthy trees through injuries to the bark.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F01FF6C481BFB79C802.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Hong Kong, Jiangxi, Yunnan), Federated States of Micronesia, India (Andaman Is, Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal), Indonesia (Buru I., Java, Mentawai Is, Sumatra), Japan, Laos, East & West Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F01FF6C481BFB79C802.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species in the complex are polyphagous (Beeson 1930; Browne 1961), but Mallotus (= Trewia) nudiflorus (Euphorbiaceae) has not been recorded previously as a host tree. The gallery system is briefly described by Browne (1961), and resembles that of other species of Euwallacea (Smith et al. 2020).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F00FF6C4A5BFB4BCD32.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Members of the complex are native to the region from Sri Lanka, India, South China and Taiwan, through Southeast Asia and Indonesia to New Guinea, and the Pacific Is.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E583F00FF6C4A5BFB4BCD32.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species in the complex are all polyphagous. Due to the economic importance of the complex, there is a large literature. Various aspects of the biology of the species are described by e. g., Cooperband et al. (2016, 2017), Mendel et al. 2017, Stouthamer et al. (2017), Byers et al. (2018), Carrillo et al. (2020).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C4F4BFCA4CC76.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, West Bengal), Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C4F4BFCA4CC76.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous (Saha & Maiti 1996).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C4E87FF15CA52.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. [19] 85, AF Padgham, ex Trewia nudiflora, CIE A 17491 (8) (NMHL).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C4E87FF15CA52.taxon	distribution	Distribution. From the Indian subcontinent, China and South Korea through Southeast Asia and Indonesia to the Philippines, New Guinea and Solomon Islands. Introduced to North America, Hawaii and South America (Argentina).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C4E87FF15CA52.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous (Beeson 1930; Browne 1961; Beaver & Liu 2010). Mallotus (= Trewia) nudiflorus (Euphorbiaceae) has not been recorded previously as a host tree. The biology and gallery system have been described by Beeson (1930), Browne (1961) and Kalshoven (1959). The relationship of the beetle with its symbiotic fungus and with the pathogen causing fig wilt disease in fig trees in Japan is discussed by Jiang et al. (2021).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C48ABFB7CC802.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. viii. [19] 85, AF Padgham, ex Trewia nudiflora, CIE A 17491 (1) (NMHL).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C48ABFB7CC802.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Throughout the Oriental region from the Indian subcontinent through Southeast Asia, Indonesia to New Guinea and the Pacific islands; tropical Africa, Madagascar and the Seychelles.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F00FF6C48ABFB7CC802.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Polyphagous (e. g. Browne 1961; Schedl 1963; Ohno et al. 1988, 1989). Mallotus (= Trewia) nudiflorus (Euphorbiaceae) has not been recorded previously as a host tree. The species has some potential as a pest because of its deeply penetrating galleries and very wide host range (Browne 1961; Schedl 1963).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F03FF6C4A5BFE18CE4E.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. xiii. [19] 85, BG Padgham, ex Castanopsis CIE A 17491 (2) (NMHL).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F03FF6C4A5BFE18CE4E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, West Bengal), Indonesia (Maluku), East Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E593F03FF6C4A5BFE18CE4E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recorded from four genera in four different families (Smith et al. 2020). Castanopsis (Fagaceae) is a new genus and family record.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4C9FFEA0CC76.taxon	description	New records. Bhutan, Gedu, 6. xiii. [19] 85, AF Padgham, ex Salmalia sp. CIE A 17491 (5); as previous except: ex Trewia nudiflora (1); as previous except: ex Symplocos sp. (1) (all NHML).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4C9FFEA0CC76.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Guangxi, Jiangxi), India (Andaman Is, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Maluku, Sumatra), Japan, East & West Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4C9FFEA0CC76.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous (e. g. Browne 1961; Ohno 1990). Bombax (= Salmalia) (Malvaceae), Mallotus (= Trewia) (Euphorbiaceae) and Symplocos (Symplocaceae) are new host tree records. The species attacks both large logs, smaller stems, and lianas (Browne 1961). It may be particularly attracted to sappy stems (Beaver & Browne 1979).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4EA3FA76CA1A.taxon	description	This species was recorded from Bhutan by Schedl (1975).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4EA3FA76CA1A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widely distributed throughout tropical parts of the Afrotropical, Australian and Oriental regions.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4EA3FA76CA1A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is strongly polyphagous (e. g. Browne 1961; Schedl 1963; Gray & Wylie 1974; Ohno 1990). Its biology has been described by Beeson (1961), Browne (1961), Schedl (1963) and Kalshoven (1964). The species sometimes attacks weakened or injured trees, and can be a minor pest (Browne 1968), but its attacks are usually secondary. Due to its abundance, the species can be important in the downgrade of recently felled timber.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4853FD89C892.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is native to and widespread through the Oriental region, extending North to Japan and Korea, and East to New Guinea, Fiji and Samoa; presumably originally imported to tropical Africa, but now widespread in the Afrotropical region; imported to and established in southern Europe, Australia and the Americas.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5A3F03FF6C4853FD89C892.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is strongly polyphagous, and numerous host trees are listed by Dole & Cognato (2010). The biology and gallery system have been described by Browne (1961), Schedl (1963) (both as Xyleborus semiopacus), and Ranger et al. (2016) amongst others. This is a species of economic importance because it can attack and breed in healthy shoots and twigs, although it more usually attacks physiologically stressed plants (Ranger et al. 2016). This can facilitate the introduction of pathogenic fungi (Mayers et al. 2016). It has become a major pest species in the southern USA, especially in fruit tree nurseries. Management strategies are discussed by Ranger et al. (2016, 2021), Gugliuzzo et al. (2021), and others.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5B3F02FF6C4A03FB80C8D1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Punjab, Uttarakhand), Kashmir, Nepal, Sri Lanka.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5B3F02FF6C4A03FB80C8D1.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Polyphagous, recorded from both conifers and angiosperms (Beeson 1961).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5B3F02FF6C4DD2FCD5CEDB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal), Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5B3F02FF6C4DD2FCD5CEDB.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species has been recorded from four different families and is probably polyphagous (Beaver 2000 a). The gallery system is described by Beeson (1961).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5B3F02FF6C4F15FC3ECC65.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan only.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E5B3F02FF6C4F15FC3ECC65.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown. Adults were attracted to the Trypodendron aggregation pheromone, lineatin, and to ethyl alcohol, but host trees were not discovered (Schmutzenhofer 1988 b). Wood & Bright (1992) list three species of conifer as hosts, but Schmutzenhofer (1988 b) clearly states that no attacks were found on these species despite intensive searching. It is likely that the species attacks angiosperm trees.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4D9BFB2BCE87.taxon	distribution	Distribution. From India, through Southeast Asia to Indonesia and the Philippines.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4D9BFB2BCE87.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Polyphagous, recorded from both conifers and angiosperms (Wood & Bright 1992).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4CD7FB0FCDE7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. From India, through Southeast Asia to Indonesia, New Guinea and the Philippines.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4CD7FB0FCDE7.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Polyphagous, recorded from a wide range of angiosperm trees (Wood & Bright 1992).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4FF7FD92CB3B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Fujian), India (West Bengal), Japan, Korea, Nepal, Taiwan.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4FF7FD92CB3B.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Polyphagous, recorded from a range of angiosperm trees (Wood & Bright 1992), possibly with a preference for Fagaceae (Beaver & Shih 2003), though this may simply reflect the relatively high abundance of the family in northern temperate zone forests.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4933FBACCA53.taxon	description	New record. Bhutan, W. distr. Thimpu, E. Dochu La, Menshunang, 2400 m, 7. vii. 1988, C. Holzschuh (5) (NKME).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4933FBACCA53.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Fujian), India (West Bengal), Myanmar.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4933FBACCA53.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recorded only from two species of Quercus (Fagaceae) (Beeson 1937).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C48ABFCEFC9B3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bangladesh, Bhutan, India (Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C48ABFCEFC9B3.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is polyphagous (Beeson 1961).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4BCBFB36C893.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, China (Fujian).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E443F1DFF6C4BCBFB36C893.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. There is a single record from Castanopsis fargesii (Fagaceae) (RAB unpublished).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C4DD2FE6BCEFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Assam, Uttarakhand), Japan, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C4DD2FE6BCEFA.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is associated primarily with species of Fagaceae (Castanea, Castanopsis, Quercus) (Beaver & Shih 2003).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C4CF2FDF2CC3E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, East Malaysia, India (West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Kalimantan).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C4CF2FDF2CC3E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Probably polyphagous. Recorded from six genera in three families (Dipterocarpaceae, Fagaceae, Lauraceae) (Beaver & Liu 2013).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C4E4EFC19CB72.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Assam, Uttaranchal, West Bengal), Nepal, Thailand.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C4E4EFC19CB72.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Primarily associated with Fagaceae (Castanopsis, Quercus) (Beaver & Liu 2013), but also recorded from Lauraceae (Lindera) and Theaceae (Symplocos) (Beaver & Liu 2018).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C498AFA61CA52.taxon	description	New record. West Bhutan, Paro Distr., Gedu, 2100 m, 17 - 26. vi. 1988, C. Holzschuh (7) (NKME).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C498AFA61CA52.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Uttarakhand), Myanmar, Nepal.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C498AFA61CA52.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Presumably polyphagous, recorded from five different families of angiosperms (Beaver & Liu 2018).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C48AAFD89C9CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Throughout the Oriental region to Japan, New Guinea, Australia and Pacific islands; tropical Africa.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1CFF6C48AAFD89C9CA.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. A polyphagous species recorded from a very wide range of host trees (e. g. Beeson, 1961; Browne 1961; Schedl 1963; Wood & Bright 1992).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1FFF6C4A02FBB2CFFE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bhutan, India (Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Taiwan, Thailand.	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
217A020B6E453F1FFF6C4A02FBB2CFFE.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Polyphagous, recorded from 13 genera in nine families (Browne 1977).	en	Beaver, Roger A., Smith, Sarah M. (2022): The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae. Zootaxa 5174 (1): 1-24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5174.1.1
