identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BD701413E232B64D54E3F8A7C528134E.text	BD701413E232B64D54E3F8A7C528134E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agelenidae C. L. KOCH 1837	<div><p>FAMILY AGELENIDAE C. L. KOCH, 1837</p> <p>‘Agelenides’ C. L. Koch, 1837: 13. Diagnosis: ‘Small to medium sized araneomorph spiders; three tarsal claws; ecribellate; entelegyne; eight eyes; posterior spinnerets two-segmented, long and slender, with apical segment tapering towards tip; tarsi with trichobothria increasing in length towards tip; colulus paired’. (Jocqué &amp; Dippenaar- Schoeman, 2006: 60).</p> <p>All agelenids build a kind of sheet web with a special tube- or funnel-shaped retreat. Their webs are attached to various substrates (vegetation, rocks, caves, buildings).</p> <p>Recently, the Coelotinae and the cribellate genus Tamgrinia Lehtinen, 1967, were placed into Agelenidae (Miller et al., 2010). Therefore, the family diagnosis provided by Jocqué &amp; Dippenaar-Schoeman (2006) should be adjusted. In this work, we focus on members of the subfamily Ageleninae and exclude Coelotinae.</p> <p>In the following we list the European species of Eratigena gen. nov., Malthonica, and Tegenaria in alphabetical order. For each taxon, taxonomically and nomenclaturally relevant references are provided. Bonnet (1959), van Helsdingen (2011), and Platnick (2012) provide details of species distribution. Details of the examined type material are listed in the following order: country: state/region/canton: commune, locality, number of specimens (comments, collection code, voucher number), collecting date, collector(s). Details for additional nontype material examined are listed in Appendix S1.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E232B64D54E3F8A7C528134E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E232B65657FBFB1FC09E113D.text	BD701413E232B65657FBFB1FC09E113D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>ERATIGENA GEN. NOV.</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Tegenaria atrica C. L. Koch, 1843, present designation.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Anagram of Tegenaria, gender feminine.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Agelenid spiders bearing the following character combination: plumose hairs present (absent in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix). AER and PER straight or only slightly pro- or recurved in dorsal view (both rows recurved in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix; both rows procurved in Agelena, Agelescape, Allagelena, and Benoitia) and moderately procurved in frontal view (AER strongly procurved in Agelena, Agelescape, Allagelena, Benoitia, and Malthonica; AER recurved in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix). Cheliceral retromargin with six or more teeth (fewer than three teeth in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix; six or fewer teeth in Tegenaria) that decrease in size from distal to proximal (all equal in Tegenaria). Trochanter straight or slightly curved (notched in Aterigena, Histopona, and Malthonica). Patellae with</p> <p>KEY TO EUROPEAN AGELENID GENERA (COELOTINAE NOT INCLUDED)</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria Caporiacco, 1934, is excluded here because the only remaining species, P. parva Caporiacco, 1934, is mentioned only from Libya and no specimen was available for examination.</p> <p>1. Trochanters III and IV notched.......................................................................................................... 2</p> <p>-. All trochanters straight or only slightly curved.....................................................................................5</p> <p>2. Dorsal and lateral spines present on patellae III and IV. Tarsus IV with one to two ventral spines............................................................................................................................................ Aterigena (five spp.)</p> <p>-. Only dorsal spines present on all patellae............................................................................................3</p> <p>3. Colulus developed as medially slightly divided plate, sometimes only two hairy plates visible, patellar apophysis on male palps sometimes present, median apophysis absent........................................... Histopona (20 spp.)</p> <p>-. Colulus strongly reduced, only hairs present (Fig. 1L). Patellar apophysis on male palps absent, median apophysis present.......................................................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>4. Eyes well developed. Tarsi with fewer than seven dorsal trichobothria. Cheliceral retromargin with one or two larger and several smaller teeth............................................................................. Malthonica (two spp.)</p> <p>-. Eyes very small or lacking, tarsi with seven or more dorsal trichobothria. Several equally large teeth on the cheliceral retromargin.................................................................................................. Hadites (one sp.)</p> <p>5. PER in dorsal view considerably recurved or procurved. AER in frontal view either considerably procurved or slightly recurved. Patellae I and II with dorsal and prolateral spines. Colulus clearly divided into two hairy plates............................................................................................................................................ 6</p> <p>-. Both eye rows in frontal and dorsal view more or less straight (eyes may be reduced). Patellae with dorsal spines only. Colulus trapezoidal plate with distal margin straight, w-shaped, or with a notch...............................12</p> <p>6. Eye rows in dorsal view recurved; PME largest. Feathery hairs absent.....................................................7</p> <p>-. Eye rows in dorsal view procurved; PME never largest. Feathery hairs present (Fig. 2A).............................9</p> <p>7. Conductor on male palp with conspicuous laterodorsal projection; femur of male palp with flat but distinct prominence. No patellar apophysis. Epigyne without raised median portion reaching anteriorly into large atrium............................................................................................................... Maimuna (seven spp.)</p> <p>-. Conductor on male palp without laterodorsal projection; femoral apophysis absent; patellar apophysis sometimes present. Epigyne with posteriorly protruding pocket or slightly raised median portion.................................8</p> <p>8. Conductor simple; median apophysis absent; patellar apophysis absent. Epigyne with posteriorly protruding pocket.................................................................................................................... Textrix (seven spp.)</p> <p>-. Conductor more complex; median apophysis present; patellar apophysis present. Epigyne with slightly raised median portion reaching anteriorly into atrium........................................................ Lycosoides (ten spp.)</p> <p>9. Distinct spikes absent on the anal tubercle. Conductor helical, strongly protruding. Epigynal plate with two clearly divided copulatory openings...................................................................................... Benoitia (nine spp.)</p> <p>-. Anal tubercle with distinct long and dark spikes. Conductor never helical and strongly protruding. Epigynal plate longitudinally not completely divided.................................................................................................10</p> <p>10. Embolus thin and filamentous. Conductor simple. Anterior margin of epigynal atrium with protruding scapus....................................................................................................................... Agelescape (seven spp.)</p> <p>-. Embolus either broad and short or spiral, elongated with an attached membrane. Conductor complex. Anterior margin of epigynal atrium without scapus.......................................................................................... 11</p> <p>11. Patellar protuberance absent. Two tibia apophyses developed. Embolus short and broad. Vulva with an interiorly originating spermathecal head; spermathecal apophyses present......................................... Agelena (70 spp.)</p> <p>-. Patellar protuberance with a long spine. One tibial apophysis developed. Embolus long and spiral with attached membrane. Vulva with a laterally or medially originating spermathecal head; spermathecal apophyses absent............................................................................................................................ Allagelena (five spp.)</p> <p>12. Cheliceral retromargin with six or more teeth (more proximal teeth decrease in size). RTA with mostly two branches; lateroventral ridge absent. Conductor with a membranous or massive (not strongly sclerotized) transverse ridge, terminal end not bifid (only in E. montigena) with ventral apex either forming elongated process or being more complex (several points or spiral). Median apophysis strongly attached to the tegulum (sometimes only membranous), distally with a simple, pocket-like sclerite. Vulva irregularly sclerotized (enclosed convoluted duct) and/or with diverticula attached to the copulatory duct (exception: E. sicana with two ST)................................................................................................................................. Eratigena gen. nov. (19 spp.)</p> <p>-. Cheliceral retromargin with three to six large, subequal teeth. RTA mostly with three branches or strongly protruding bulge and lateroventral ridge. Conductor lamelliform, sometimes with sclerotized transverse ridge, apex often bifid with ventral ending simple; median apophysis strongly protruding with distal sclerite plate-like or more complex. Vulva only convoluted duct or with more or less regularly sclerotized, globular spermathecae............................................................................................................................ Tegenaria (56 spp.)</p> <p>dorsal but without lateral spines (as in Histopona, Malthonica, and Tegenaria; all other European genera with lateral patellar spines). Lacking ventral spines on all tarsi (as in Malthonica and Tegenaria; all other European genera with ventral spines). Colulus forming rectangular or trapezoidal plate with distal margin straight or w-shaped (in Tegenaria trapezoidal and notched medially; colulus strongly reduced in Hadites and Malthonica; two separated plates in all other European agelenids). Females with one minor ampullate gland spigot, very prominent, and two to four cylindrical gland spigots distally on PMS (as in some species of Aterigena and Malthonica, all other European genera with different patterns). Male palp: RTA with one or two branches, may also be reduced (complex in most Tegenaria), palp tibia often with short dorsal spike (absent in all other European genera), filiform embolus, mostly with massive conductor (lamelliform in Tegenaria) with a membranous or massive transverse ridge (as in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix; in other genera absent or only moderately sclerotized) and a complex or strongly elongated terminal ending (as in Allagelena and Maimuna; simple in Tegenaria), only moderately elongated median apophysis with distal plate-like sclerite (absent in Histopona and Textrix; without sclerite in Agelena, Agelescape, and Benoitia). Female: epigyne without separated or strongly fused median area (as in Agelena, Agelescape, Allagelena, Benoitia, Lycosoides, and Maimuna; clearly separated in Tegenaria). Vulvae either with an irregularly sclerotized RC with enclosed convoluted ducts or with distinct appendages at the copulatory duct (exception: E. sicana).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body size medium to large (carapace length between 2 and 7 mm). Margin of carapace narrowly and continuously darkened (for cave-living species, pigmentation absent); two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands present dorsally on carapace, serrated, continuous, or reduced to three to four conspicuous triangles. Sternum slightly longer than wide with a distinct pattern of pale median region, sometimes additionally with three to four lateral spots; plumose hairs present on carapace, legs, and opisthosoma. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth and six or more retromar- ginal teeth; retromarginal teeth decrease in size proximally. Labium as wide as long. AER and PER straight or only slightly pro- or recurved in dorsal view and moderately procurved in frontal view. Anterior eyes larger than posterior ones or lateral eyes larger than median ones or all eyes equal, except AME slightly smaller. All trochanters straight or slightly curved. Leg I or IV longest, III shortest. Legs sometimes without pattern, only coxa and proximal part of femur darkened, annulated, or completely darkened. Palp and leg spination: palp femora with one to two dorsal and sometimes one pro- and/or one retrolateral spines, female palp tibia with two dorsal and either one + one pair, two, or two paired prolateral spines; male palp tibia dorsodistally often with a short spike and prolateral with one + one pair, two, or two pairs of spines; all leg femora with one to two dorsal spines and variable number of lateral spines; patellae with two dorsal and no lateral spines; number of dorsal spines on metatarsi variable; metatarsus I without or with one prolateral spine, others variable; metatarsi III and IV ventrodistally with one pair + one spines; tarsi I and II lacking spines, III and IV with zero to several prolateral and one to several retrolateral spines, without ventral spines. Spinnerets: colulus rectangular or trapezoidal plate with the distal margin straight or w-shaped. ALS onesegmented, with a field of several pyriform spigots distally and with two major ampullate spigots medially (present in all agelenids). PMS as long as or slightly shorter than ALS, bearing one conspicuously prominent spigot. PMS with one minor ampullated and two to four cylindrical gland spigots, one medially located and two to four posteriolaterally located and several aciniform gland spigots. PLS longer than all others with distal segment as long as or longer than basal segment. PLS bearing typically one basal and one medial cylindrical gland spigot. Male palp without femoral apophysis, patellar apophysis can be present. RTA mostly with two branches and simple (in some species several short or bent points can be expressed), sometimes reduced to one branch or entirely lacking. Embolus filiform, getting thinner to apex. Conductor mostly massive (thick and broad, if different then always median with a white membranous part), transversally with a membranous or massive ridge, mostly indistinct, elongated distal portion (exception: E. picta) and lateral margin folded along the terminal half or the whole length, terminal end consists mostly of one elongated peak or a more complex structure (spiral, several points) but dorsally only rarely with rounded bulge. Median apophysis usually not protruding (as wide as or wider than long, exception e.g. E. sardoa), consisting of membranous base and distal sclerite, which is pocket- or spoonshaped and can be fixed to tegulum by strong sclerotization. Epigynal plate strongly sclerotized without or with strongly fused median plate; epigynal plate sometimes with distinct, cave-like atrium. Posterior sclerite either absent or forming a large bulge or a strongly sclerotized transverse plate protruding ventrally (posteriorly of the copulatory opening). Epigynal teeth mostly present, originating posteriorly of the genital openings, but sometimes reduced or forming ‘pseudo teeth’ (= elongation of lateral margin of atrial region). Vulvae at least partly with irregularly sclerotized structure enclosing a convoluted duct or with appendages at the copulatory duct, possibly homologous with spermathecal head of Bennett (2006) and Sierwald (1989) (exception: E. sicana). Fertilization ducts only represented by short, leafshaped appendages.</p> <p>Comment</p> <p>Comprising 17 species of which most are limited to Italy, France, and the Iberian Peninsula. Eratigena agrestis and E. atrica also occur in Central Europe. These species may have been introduced to North America and the UK.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E232B65657FBFB1FC09E113D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E229B65A54DEF9CFC3BB136A.text	BD701413E229B65A54DEF9CFC3BB136A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena agrestis (Walckenaer 1802)	<div><p>ERATIGENA AGRESTIS (WALCKENAER, 1802) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 1I, 8C–F, 9A–H)</p> <p>Aranea agrestis Walckenaer, 1802: 216.</p> <p>Tegenaria agrestis: Walckenaer, 1805: 50.</p> <p>Tegenaria alpestris: Walker, 1864: 9276; probably lapsus (see Bonnet, 1959: 4269).</p> <p>Philoica agrestis: Karsch, 1873: 136.</p> <p>Tegenaria rhaetica Thorell, 1875b: 94, female; Thorell, 1875a: 79.</p> <p>Tegenaria magnacava Exline, 1936: 23, pl. 1, fig. 3, male; Exline, 1938: 24, pl. 4, fig. 34, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria osellai Brignoli, 1971a: 76–79, figs 20–22, syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria trinacriae Brignoli, 1971a: 79–81, figs 23–25, syn. nov.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Type material of E. agrestis, Teg. rhaetica, and Teg. magnacava was not available for examination.</p> <p>Sub Teg. osellai: Holotype. Italy: Toscana: Lucca, Alpi Apuana, Monte Pisanino, ♂ (MCSN, 77), 22.vii.1970, Osella.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria trinacriae: Holotype. Italy: Sicily: Palermo, Parco Reg. delle Madonie, Piano della Battaglia, ♂ (MCSN, 77), 28.vii.1968, Aliquo.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (3 ♂, 1 ♀); Croatia (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Czech Republic (1 ♂, 7 ♀); France (23 ♂, 29 ♀); Germany (28 ♂, 32 ♀); Greece (1 ♂, 20 ♀); Italy (10 ♂, 24 ♀); Poland (4 ♂, 2 ♀); Romania (1 ♂); Spain (3 ♂, 4 ♀); Switzerland (12 ♂, 21 ♀). North America: USA (5 ♂, 6 ♀). No exact data (11 ♂, 21 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena agrestis can be separated from other Eratigena gen. nov. species by the darkened leg coxa and proximal parts of femora (spotted, as in E. atrica, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species with different patterns), short dorsal spike at male palp tibia present (as in E. atrica, E. fuesslini, E. barrientosi, E. montigena, E. picta, and E. balearica, absent in all other species), MA expressed as a broad pocket, strongly attached to the tegulum, originating at 7–9 o’clock position (as in E. atrica and E. fuesslini, in all other species more basal, 5–7 o’clock position), basal portion of tegulum almost completely hidden by upper part (embolic division) of tegulum (as in E. atrica, E. fuesslini, and to some extent also in E. sardoa, in all other species of Eratigena gen. nov. well visible), the distinct terminal end of the conductor, and the atrial cavity posteriorly limited by a large bulge, bearing epigynal teeth pointing posteriomediad (these characters vary to some extent). Eratigena fuesslini can be separated from closely related species by the body size (E. fuesslini much smaller than E. agrestis), the broad conductor (in retrolateral view, less broad in E. fuesslini), the terminal end of the conductor, the posterior bulge of the epigyne (not protruding posteriad in E. agrestis but in E. fuesslini).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 5.0–5.25, CW 3.5–3.75, STL 2.3, STW 2.0–2.3, OL 5.0–6.0, OW, 3.25–3.5. Leg I (5.4–6.0, 1.75–2.0, 5.5–6.0, 5.35–5.75, 3.15–3.4), II (4.5–5.0, 1.65–1.85, 4.0–4.25, 4.2–4.5, 2.5–2.75), III (4.1–4.15, 1.5, 3.5, 4.3–4.5, 2.15–2.35), IV (5.25–6.0, 1.75–1.85, 5.1–5.25, 6.1–6.35, 2.75–3.0). Pedipalp (2.23, 0.96, 0.83, 2.2–2.25), bulbL 1.25–1.5. Female (N = 3): CL 5.4–6.1, CW 3.7–4.25, STL 2.65– 2.85, STW 2.35–2.5, OL 5.5–8.85, OW 3.75–5.75. Leg I (5.55–5.75, 2.0–2.15, 5.1–5.75, 4.9–5.25, 2.95–3.1), II (4.8–4.85, 1.85–2.0, 3.75–4.25, 4.1–4.5, 2.35–2.5), III (4.5, 1.65–2.0, 3.2–3.65, 4.5–4.75, 2.0–2.4), IV (5.7– 6.0, 1.9–2.0, 4.9–5.5, 6.35–6.65, 2.6–2.8). Pedipalp (2.2–2.35, 1.02–1.06, 1.36–1.38, 2.29–2.42). EPL 0.95– 1.04, EPW 1.1–1.4, ATL 0.3, ATW 0.55. Eyes: PME 0.18–0.19, PLE 0.21–0.24, AME 0.22–0.23, ALE 0.23–0.24. Eye distances: PME- PME 1.5 x PME, PME- AME 1 x PME, PME- PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME- ALE 1.5 x PME, AME- AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME- ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–3 x AME, CLY2 2–2.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch simple and pointed, dorsal branch broad, distally truncated, and variable in shape (from one larger and several smaller points to only one point). Short dorsal spike on palp tibia present. Embolus length less than 1.5 x CB, originating at 9–10 o’clock position, distal tip at 3–4 o’clock position. Conductor massive and very broad (in retrolateral view), anteriodistally not elongated, folded only at the terminal half, which is strongly twisted ventroprolaterally; terminal end very complex, consisting of two to three strongly sclerotized, stepped, and elongated points (can be very variable in size); retrolaterally distinctly furrowed. Transversal ridge of conductor expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 7–8 o’clock position, mod- erately protruding, wider than long, distally with pocket-like sclerite. Connection of MA to tegulum partly strongly sclerotized.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with distinct atrial cavity, posteriorly limited by a distinct, bulgelike sclerite (owing to variation, this bulge can be strongly extended anteriorly, described in lit., e.g. Brignoli, 1971a), strongly fused to the epigynal plate. Epigynal teeth present, originating laterally on the posterior bulge, pointing posteriomediad. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD very short and curved, distinct appendages absent. RC irregularly oblong and unevenly sclerotized, enclosing convoluted ducts, separated by about their diameter or less. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral retromargin with six to nine teeth. Colulus rectangular shaped with distal margin w-shaped. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Seven to ten tarsal trichobothria. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 17–18. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2p–0–0 or 2–2p-0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora (2–2–0–0 or 2–3–0–0 or 2–2– 1–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–1–0 or 3–2–1–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–3–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0 or 3–3–2–0, 2–2–3–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–0–0–3p or 0–0–0–3p+1 or 0–0– 0–4p, 0–1–0–3p or 0–1–0–3p+1 or 0–2–0–3p, 2–2– 2–3p or 2–2–2–3p+1, 1–2–2–3p+1 or 2–2–2–3p or 2–2–2–3p+1), metatarsi (0–0–0–4p+1, 0–2–0–5p, 1–4– 4–5p or 1–4–4–5p+1, 1–4–4–1p+2+3p), tarsi [I–II 0 (in males one prolateral spike on tarsus II possible), III 0–2–3–0; IV 0–2–3–0 or 0–2–4–0].</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace with weakly serrated, symmetrical longitudinal dark bands. Sternum with distinct pale median region. Opisthosoma darkened green-brownish, at the cardiac mark yellowish, continuing posteriorly in broad chevrons (~ five). Legs not annulated, only coxa and proximal part of femora with dark spots. ALS and both segments of PLS dorsally darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from most European countries. Introduced into North America in the early 20th century (Roth, 1968; Baird &amp; Stoltz, 2002).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The examination of a large number of specimens from a wide geographical range showed clearly that different characters of this species, in particular the male and female genital structures, are highly variable. In females, this variation has been documented by Brignoli (1971a) (see also Fig. 9D, E, G, H). Surprisingly, Brignoli did not consider the same degree of variation in males and described the species Teg. osellai and Teg. trinacriae based on a single male of each (Brignoli, 1971a). He mentioned that both species are very close to Teg. agrestis and that they differ only in the shape of the distal end of the conductor and the dorsal branch of the RTA. The examination of a large number of specimens, also from places close to the type localities of Teg. osellai and Teg. trinacriae, show that these shapes are linked by intermediates and, therefore, reflect intraspecific variation. Brignoli’s two species represent extreme forms of E. agrestis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E229B65A54DEF9CFC3BB136A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E225B6585485FB38C054118F.text	BD701413E225B6585485FB38C054118F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena arganoi (BRIGNOLI 1971)	<div><p>ERATIGENA ARGANOI (BRIGNOLI, 1971) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 12C, D, H, N, O)</p> <p>Cicurina arganoi Brignoli, 1971a: 124–128, figs 82– 87, female.</p> <p>Malthonica arganoi: Brignoli, 1977a: 38, figs 20–22.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Paratype. Italy: Lazio: Roma, Altopiano di Arcinazzo, ♀ (MHNG); 17.iv.1966, Brignoli.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (32 ♂, 25 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The differentiation of E. arganoi, E. sardoa, and E. sicana (‘ Eratigena arganoi -group’) from other Eratigena gen. nov. species is provided in the Diagnosis section of E. herculea. The ‘ Eratigena arganoi -group’ can be separated from E. herculea and E. hispanica by having two unpaired prolateral spines on the palp tibia (in males and females, other species with one pair of spines), the small number of tarsal trichobothria (more than six in the other species), and the PMS bearing two cylindrical gland spigots laterally (others with three to four). Eratigena arganoi can be separated from E. sardoa and E. sicana by the very special, threepointed dorsal branch of the RTA (only one point in the other species), the very long and convoluted CD with attached diverticula (as in E. sardoa, much shorter, and straight in E. sicana) and the long oval and irregularly sclerotized RC (globular and smoothly sclerotized in the other species).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 2.16, CW 1.65, STL 1.23, STW 1.08, OL 2.31, OW 1.62. Leg I (2.85, 0.88, 2.64, 2.67, 1.42), II (2.32, 0.80, 1.90, 1.94, 1.16), III (2.15, 0.75, 1.65, 2.12, 1.12), IV (2.96, 0.82, 2.54, 3.04, 1.35). Pedipalp (1.12, 0.42, 0.49, 0.95), bulbL 0.69. Female (N = 1): CL 1.80, CW 1.30, STL 1.00, STW 0.89, OL 2.47, OW 1.63. Leg I (1.83, 0.70, 1.57, 1.51, 1.09), II (1.55, 0.61, 1.14, 1.24, 0.83), III (1.49, 0.57, 1.10, 1.39, 0.73), IV (2.02, 0.63, 1.73, 2.03, 1.03). Pedipalp (0.78, 0.33, 0.48, 0.77). EPL 0.41, EPW 0.54, ATL 0.13, ATW 0.22. Eyes: PME 0.09–0.12, PLE 0.09– 0.11, AME 0.06–0.08, ALE 0.10–0.12. Eye distances: PME- PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME- AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME- PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME- ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME- AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME- ALE &lt;0.5–0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–2.5 x AME, CLY2 0.5–1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lobe-like lateral branch protruding only slightly, dorsal branch strongly sclerotized and protruding, distally curved and triangular shaped with three points. Short dorsal spike on male palp tibia absent. Embolus length about 0.75–1.25 x CB, originating at 10 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion moderately elongated, as long as wide, not reaching distal margin of alveolus, lateral margin folded. Terminal end simple, long, drawn out, and pointed. Transversal ridge of conductor weakly expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously, connected to tegulum. MA originating at 6–7 o’clock position, protruding, longer than wide, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct posterior sclerite, forming a strongly sclerotized, triangularly shaped and protruding pocket, opening posteriad. Epigynal teeth present, originating distally of the posterior sclerite, pointing posteriomediad. CO located anteriolaterally of the posterior sclerite. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD long and convoluted with attached appendages. RC long, oval, irregularly formed, and sclerotized, enclosing convoluted duct, RC separated by about the diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with eight to nine teeth. Colulus rectangular shaped with distal margin almost straight. Distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and two cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Six tarsal trichobothria. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 12–13. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0), female palp (1–0–0–0 or 2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–1–0–0, 1–1– 1–0 or 2–1–0–0 or 2–1–1–0, 2–1–1–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 1–0–0), tibiae (2–0–0–1 or 2–0–0–2p, 2–0–0–2 or 2–1–0–2+1p, 2–2–1–1 or 2–2–2–1+1p+1, 2–2–2– 2+1p+1 or 2–2–2–3), metatarsi (0–0–0–1+2p+1 or 0–0–0–1p+1+2p+1, 0–0–0–3p+1 or 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–3– 2–3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1p+1+2p+1 or 0–4–3– 1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (I– IV 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, sometimes reduced. Sternum with a distinct, pale median region. Opisthosoma brown-grey-green, dorsoanteriorly with two symmetrical longitudinal pale bands, continuing posteriad in chevrons and spots. Legs without a pattern. ALS indistinctly darkened, PLS with both segments darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from mainland Italy.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Drawings of the male palp are available in Bolzern et al. (2008). Drawings of both sexes, also with comment on the variation, are available in Brignoli (1971a, 1977a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E225B6585485FB38C054118F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E227B6645480F923C0A81442.text	BD701413E227B6645480F923C0A81442.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena atrica (C. L. Koch 1843)	<div><p>ERATIGENA ATRICA (C. L. KOCH, 1843) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 1J, 2H–J, 8A–B, 9I–O, 10A–G)</p> <p>Tegenaria atrica C. L. Koch, 1843: 105–107, fig. 825; Blackwall, 1861: 165, pl. 11, fig. 106; Simon, 1875: 81, pl. 5, fig. 5; Locket &amp; Millidge, 1953: 10, figs 6A, 7A, 9A, 11B.</p> <p>Tegenaria saeva Blackwall, 1844: 179–182, syn. nov.; Simon, 1937: 1003, 1039, figs 1545–1546; Roth, 1968: 29, figs 36–39 (synonymized with Tegenaria gigantea, rejected by Brignoli, 1978a: 273); Locket, Millidge &amp; Merrett, 1974: 42, figs 23A, E; Locket, 1975: 85–90, figs 1, 4, 6–11, 13–16.</p> <p>Tegenaria duellica Simon, 1875: 83–85, pl. V, fig. 6, syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria larva Simon, 1875: 86, 87, Planche V: fig. 8.</p> <p>Tegenaria nervosa Simon, 1870: 273–275, synonymized by Simon (1937), reactivated by Brignoli (1978a) but only based on drawings.</p> <p>Tegenaria hibernica Pickard-Cambridge, 1891: 86, fig. 4, male; Pickard-Cambridge, 1893: 150, fig. 6, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria gigantea Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1935: 31, pl. XIII, fig. 106; synonymized with Teg. duellica by Brignoli, 1978a: 271, 273; Merrett, 1980; Oxford &amp; Smith, 1987; Oxford &amp; Plowman, 1991; Heimer &amp; Nentwig, 1991; Croucher, Oxford &amp; Searle, 2004; Croucher et al., 2007; Oxford, 2008.</p> <p>Tegenaria praegrandis Fox, 1937: 176–177, fig. 3.</p> <p>Tegenaria deroueti Dresco, 1957: 212–215, figs 2, 13–14.</p> <p>Tegenaria derouetae: Denis, 1959: 173.</p> <p>Tegenaria propinqua Locket, 1975: 85–90, figs 2, 3, 5, 17–19; synonymized with Teg. gigantea by Crawford &amp; Locket (1976).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>No type material available for Teg. atrica, Teg. deroueti, Teg. duellica, Teg. larva, Teg. nervosa, and Teg. saeva in the collection of either the MNHN or NHML. Sub Tegenaria gigantea: Paratypes. Canada: British Columbia: Vancouver Island, Sidney, 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (AMNH), 16.ix.1935, Chamberlin &amp; Ivie; 4 ♂, 4 ♀ (AMNH), same data as previous; Vancouver Island, South Saanich, 1 ♂ (AMNH), 1922.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (1 ♂, 4 ♀); Belgium (1 ♂, 18 ♀); Czech Republic (2 ♀); Germany (23 ♂, 34 ♀); France (2 ♂, 6 ♀); Italy (1 ♂); Luxemburg (1 ♀); Poland (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Spain (2 ♂, 3 ♀); Sweden (1 ♀); Switzerland (21 ♂, 17 ♀). Asia: Lebanon (1 ♀).</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria duellica / gigantea: France (1 ♀); United Kingdom (5 ♂, 3 ♀); Spain (3 ♀); Portugal (3 ♀). North America: USA (1 ♀).</p> <p>KEY TO EUROPEAN SPECIES OF ERATIGENA GEN. NOV.</p> <p>Eratigena vidua (Cárdenas &amp; Barrientos, 2011) comb. nov. (from Tegenaria) is not treated here as material was not available for examination. The new combination is based on the information provided in the original description (Cárdenas &amp; Barrientos, 2011).</p> <p>1. Legs distinctly annulated, at least two femora with more than two dorsal spines, male bulb with distinct and massive transversal ridge of conductor base (Fig. 14A), vulva with distinct and long appendages at the CD................................................................................................................................................2</p> <p>-. Legs either pale, completely darkened or only coxa and proximal part of femora darkened (exception: E. sicana, legs may be annulated), other characters different.................................................................................3</p> <p>2. Basal part of MA very strongly sclerotized, transversal ridge of conductor base with distinct border line of sclerotization, long appendix anteriorly of CD shorter than RC height................................ Eratigena inermis</p> <p>-. Basal part of MA less sclerotized, transversal ridge of conductor base without special border line of sclerotization, long appendix anteriorly of CD reaches at least to the top of the RC................................. Eratigena vomeroi</p> <p>3. Trichobothria on female tarsal tibia and on male cymbium present, length of male tibia I shorter than or equal to the length of carapace..................................................................................................................4</p> <p>-. Trichobothria on female tarsal tibia and on male cymbium absent, male tibia I longer than carapace (exceptions: Eratigena fuesslini and Eratigena bucculenta sensu Barrientos, 1991).......................................................7</p> <p>4. Patellar apophysis on male palp present, RTA strongly reduced, epigyne with special posterior plate, protruding ventroposteriad (Figs 8K, M, 11G, I, K)................................................................................................5</p> <p>-. Patellar apophysis absent, RTA with two simple branches, distally truncated, epigyne without posterior sclerite.................................................................................................................................................... 6</p> <p>5. Patellar apophysis with two well-separated points, conductor with straight terminal end and as long as the alveolus, epigynal posterior sclerite rectangularly shaped and copulatory openings lateral..... Eratigena feminea</p> <p>-. Patellar apophysis with three moderately separated points, conductor shorter than the alveolus with terminal end bent ventrad, epigynal posterior sclerite more triangular, copulatory opening anterior............................................................................................................................. Eratigena bucculenta (sensu Machado, 1941)</p> <p>6. Male palp with pyramidal-shaped structure at conductor connection, terminal end of conductor pointing orthogo- nally away from cymbium (in lateral view), vulva with small diverticula at copulatory duct originating laterally, egg-shaped receptacula irregularly sclerotized........................................................... Eratigena barrientosi</p> <p>-. Male palp without conspicuous structure at connection of conductor, terminal end of conductor pointing dorsad or posteriad (in lateral view), vulva with small diverticula at copulatory duct originating dorsally, globular recep- tacula smoothly sclerotized....................................................................................... Eratigena incognita</p> <p>7. Legs with only coxa and proximal part of femora darkened (exception: Eratigena fuesslini, completely darkened), distal segment of PLS as long as or only marginally longer than basal segment, median apophysis on male left palp originating at 7–9 o’clock position, basal portion of tegulum not visible between embolus and conductor in ventral view (Fig. 9A), epigyne with ‘pseudo teeth’ (Fig. 10A–C) or with distinct atrial cavity in combination with a posterior sclerite expressed as a large bulge...................................................................................... 8</p> <p>-. Legs either pale or completely darkened (exception: Eratigena sicana, legs may be annulated), distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment, median apophysis on male left palp originating at 5–7 o’clock position, basal portion of tegulum visible in ventral view (Fig. 10L), epigyne different.................................................... 10</p> <p>8. Sternum with a pale median band and symmetrical pale dots laterally, female tibia I longer than carapace length, origin of embolus at 10–11 o’clock position, terminal end of conductor simple, epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ present, atrium without a distinct cavity..................................................................................... Eratigena atrica</p> <p>-. Sternum with a pale median band, female tibia I shorter than or as long as carapace length, origin of embolus at 8–10 o’clock position, terminal end of conductor complex, epigynal teeth present, atrium forms a distinct cavity in combination with a posterior sclerite expressed as a large bulge.......................................................... 9</p> <p>9. Carapace longer than 4.8 mm, conductor very broad in retrolateral view with a very complex terminal end, epigyne with a posterior sclerite expressed as a large bulge, not protruding posteriad, copulatory ducts relatively short....................................................................................................................... Eratigena agrestis</p> <p>-. Carapace shorter than 4.5 mm, conductor relatively slender in retrolateral view with a bifid terminal end, epigyne with a posterior sclerite expressed as a large bulge protruding posteriad, copulatory ducts relatively long..................................................................................................................................... Eratigena fuesslini</p> <p>10. Distal portion of conductor not elongated (shorter than broad), lateral margin of conductor folded only at the terminal half, transversal ridge massive and moderately protruding, epigyne and vulva as in Figs 10M–N and 11N–P..........................................................................................................................................11</p> <p>-. Distal portion of conductor moderately to strongly elongated, lateral margin of conductor completely folded, transversal ridge (if present) only expressed as a membranous ridge, epigyne and vulva not as above..........12</p> <p>11. RTA strongly protruding ventrad, terminal end of conductor bifid and with additional spur (Fig. 10O, black arrow), strongly sclerotized epigynal plate with two symmetrically arranged reniform depressions with copulatory openings (Fig. 10M)................................................................................................ Eratigena montigena</p> <p>-. RTA simple, terminal end indistinct with only one somewhat elongated point, epigyne with posterior sclerite expressed as strongly sclerotized and protruding plate (median of the atrium)..................................................................................................................................... Eratigena bucculenta (sensu Barrientos, 1991)</p> <p>12. Dorsal branch of RTA dorsally bent posteriad (Fig. 12R), short dorsal spike at male palp tibia present, terminal end of conductor bent or convoluted, complex, median apophysis only moderately protruding, epigyne with a distinct atrial cavity....................................................................................................................... 13</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA not as above, short dorsal spike at male palp tibia absent, terminal end of conductor simple with elongated point, median apophysis protruding, epigyne with a distinct posterior sclerite expressed as a protruding sclerotized plate or with a portion protruding strongly posteriad (Fig. 12A, F, I)........................ 14</p> <p>13. Distal portion of conductor strongly elongated, terminal end of conductor convoluted, relatively short male palp tibia, CD barely visible through epigynal plate, vulva with very long and convoluted CD (Fig. 13H)................................................................................................................................................. Eratigena picta</p> <p>-. Distal portion of conductor only moderately elongated, terminal end of conductor bent, relatively long male palp tibia, CD distinctly visible through epigynal plate, vulva with short CD........................... Eratigena balearica</p> <p>14. Eyes very small, clypeus higher than three x AME, at least one pair of spines prolateral at palp tibia, seven or more tarsal trichobothria, dorsal branch of RTA distinct (Fig. 12L, M), female tibia I longer than carapace, appendages at copulatory ducts long.................................................................................................15</p> <p>-. Eyes larger, clypeus lower than three x AME, two (not paired) prolateral spines at palp tibia, up to six tarsal trichobothria, dorsal branch of RTA different, female tibia I shorter than or equal to the length of carapace, appendages at copulatory ducts short or absent..................................................................................16</p> <p>15. Carapace shorter than 3.5 mm, distal tip of conductor not reaching the distal margin of the alveolus, epigyne lacking distinct membranous region anteriorly of posterior sclerite, vulva with short, convoluted appendages................................................................................................................................. Eratigena herculea</p> <p>-. Carapace longer than 4 mm, RTA as in Figure 12L, M, distal tip of conductor reaching distal margin of alveolus, epigyne with distinct membranous region basal of posterior sclerite, vulva with long, convoluted appendages............................................................................................................................... Eratigena hispanica</p> <p>16. Dorsal branch of RTA three-pointed (Fig. 12O), vulva with long oval and irregularly sclerotized (enclosing convoluted ducts) receptacula...................................................................................... Eratigena arganoi</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA with one point, vulva with globular and smoothly sclerotized receptacula.................. 17</p> <p>17. Ratio of bulb to cymbium length larger than 0.65, terminal end of conductor expressed as a strongly posteriad elongated point, epigyne with a strongly posteriad protruding portion, vulva with very long convoluted ducts............................................................................................................................... Eratigena sardoa</p> <p>-. Ratio bulb to cymbium length smaller than 0.60, terminal end of conductor inconspicuous, epigyne with a portion protruding posteriad...................................................................................................Eratigena sicana</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria saeva: France (7 ♂, 9 ♀); United Kingdom (7 ♂, 3 ♀); Portugal (5 ♀); Spain (3 ♂, 3 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena atrica can be separated from all other Eratigena gen. nov. species by having leg coxa and proximal parts of femora darkened (spotted, as in E. agrestis, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species with different patterns), short dorsal spike at male palp tibia present (as in E. agrestis, E. fuesslini, E. barri- entosi, E. montigena, E. picta, and E. balearica, absent in all other species), very massive conductor, laterally folded only at the terminal half with the very distinct shape of the conductor in retrolateral view (Fig. 9J–L), MA broad pocket-like, strongly attached to the tegulum, originating at 7–9 o’clock position (as in E. agrestis and E. fuesslini, in all other species more basal, 5–7 o’clock position), basal portion of tegulum almost completely hidden by upper part (embolic division) of tegulum (as in E. agrestis, E. fuesslini, and to some extent also in E. sardoa, in all other species of Eratigena gen. nov. well visible), strongly expressed epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ (Fig. 10A–C, white arrows), which are missing in all other Eratigena gen. nov. species.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 4.87–6.78, CW 3.65– 5.12, STL 2.35–3.23, STW 2.12–3.05. Leg I (7.66– 11.12, 1.91–2.85, 7.40–11.40, 7.79–11.31, 3.52–4.43), II (6.17–8.69, 1.76–2.69, 5.42–7.93, 6.29–9.38, 2.79– 3.43), III (5.42–7.52, 1.62–2.30, 4.47–6.32, 6.23–8.94, 2.48–3.36), IV (6.95–9.32, 1.69–2.49, 6.33–8.60, 8.58– 12.56, 3.19–4.21). Pedipalp (2.50–3.24, 0.92–1.26, 1.10–1.42, 2.22–2.81), bulbL 1.26–1.30. Female (N = 1): CL 5.84, CW 4.10, STL 2.82, STW 2.49, OL 6.27, OW 4.13. Leg I (6.94, 2.28, 6.61, 3.21), II (6.12, 2.03, 5.08, 5.83, 2.85), III (5.60, 1.94, 4.37, 6.05, 2.55), IV (7.10, 1.99, 6.43, 8.67, 2.96). Pedipalp (2.78, 1.10, 1.80, 2.68). EPL 1.19, EPW 1.41, ATL 0.95, ATW 0.60. Eyes: PME 0.22–0.24, PLE 0.23–0.25, AME 0.25– 0.27, ALE 0.26–0.27. Eye distances: PME- PME 1 x PME, PME- AME 0.5 x PME, PME- PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME- ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME- AME 0.5 x AME, AME- ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–2.5 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch simple and pointed, dorsal branch a large knoll with a strongly sclerotized and pointed protrusion. Short dorsal spike on palp tibia present. Embolus length about 1–1.25 x CB, originating at 10–12 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor massive, distal portion not elongated, folded only at the terminal half. Terminal end of conductor expressed as strongly sclerotized and elongated point directing ventrad. Transversal ridge of conductor expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 7–9 o’clock position, moderately protruding, wider than long, distally with pocket-like sclerite. Connection of MA to tegulum at least partly sclerotized.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with strongly sclerotized, long rectangular plate, anteriorly of which the CO are located. Posterior sclerite absent. Epigynal teeth absent, but ‘pseudo teeth’ present. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short and straight without long appendages. RC irregularly oblong and sclerotized, enclosing convoluted ducts, separated by more than two times their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with seven to nine teeth. Colulus rectangular with distal margin w-shaped. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Seven to ten tarsal trichobothria. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I: 13–14. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 2–1–0–0 or 2–1–1–0, 2–0–0, 1–2p– 0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0 or 2–0–1–0 or 2–1–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora (2–3–3–0 or 2–3–4–0 or 3–3–2–0 or 3–3–3–0 or 3–3–4–0 or 3–4–4–0, 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0 or 3–3–3–0, 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, or 2–3– 3–0 or 2–3–4–0 or 2–4–2–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–3–1–0 or 2–3–2–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–0–0–1p+1+1p or 0–0–0–2p or 0–1–0–1p+1, 0–1–0–2p or 0–2–0–2p or 2–2–0–2p, 2–1–1–1p+2+1p or 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2– 2–2p or 2–2–3–2p, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p+1 or 2–2–2–2p or 2–2–2–3p), metatarsi (0–0–0–1p+2+1p+1 or 0–0–0– 4p+1, 0–2–0–4p+1 or 0–3–0–3p+1+2p or 0–3–0–5p, 1+1p–4–3–5p or 2–4–4–5p, 3–4–4–1p+1+1p+2+2p or 3–4–4–5p+1), tarsi (0, 0 or 0–1–0–0 or 0–1–1–0 or 0–1–3–0 or 0–2–2–0, 0–1–3–0 or 0–2–3–0, 0–2–3–0 or 0–2–4–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands dorsally on carapace, sometimes serrated or reduced to triangular dots. Sternum with distinct pattern of pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally. Opisthosoma darkened with one pale band anteriorly in the middle, laterally with pale dots, continuing to the posterior in chevrons. Legs not annulated, darkened, sometimes only coxa and proximal part of femora with dark spots. ALS slightly darkened, PLS with both segments darkened dorsally, distal segment moderately paler.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from most west, Central, and north European countries. Introduced into North America (first mentioned sub Teg. praegrandis Fox, 1937). Additionally, there was a specimen from Lebanon in the collection at SMF, unfortunately with insufficient locality information written on the related label.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As mentioned by Locket (1975) and Brignoli (1978a), no type material is available for Teg. duellica. Here, the argumentation of Brignoli (1978a) is followed. The examined type material of Teg. gigantea and the examined specimens sub E. duellica are not separable. Therefore, Teg. gigantea Chamberlin &amp; Ivie has to be recognized as a junior synonym of E. duellica (Simon) (sub Tegenaria) and is therefore also a synonym of E. atrica.</p> <p>As in some other species of Tegenaria and Eratigena gen. nov., some morphological characters are highly variable in, e.g. the size of different body parts (e.g. Simon, 1937: 1003) or the patterns of leg spination. This variation has been reflected upon and discussed in many publications (Blackwall, 1861; Locket &amp; Millidge, 1951, 1953; Denis, 1959; Roth, 1968; Locket et al., 1974; Crawford &amp; Locket, 1976; Brignoli, 1978a; Barrientos &amp; Ribera, 1988; Croucher et al., 2004, 2007). Whereas some authors considered this variation of intraspecific nature, others used it to recognize three species (E. atrica, E. saeva, E. duellica). Barrientos &amp; Ribera (1988) were proponents of the former idea and their view is supported as follows: (1) as shown by Croucher et al. (2004), Bolzern et al. (2010), and the present paper, the three species are not recovered with CO1 and NADH1 gene sequences (the genetic distances are very small); (2) as suggested by Barrientos &amp; Ribera (1988), seemingly major morphological differences arise when structures are not observed in the same perspectives. This is particularly relevant if published drawings are compared, as in the case of Teg. nervosa, which was synonymized with Teg. atrica by Simon (1937) and later again recognized as a valid species by Brignoli (1978a) based only on the drawing of Simon (1875).</p> <p>Members of the British research group of Geoff Oxford (Oxford &amp; Smith, 1987; Oxford &amp; Plowman, 1991; Croucher et al., 2007; Anderson et al., 2009) suggested that in Great Britain the three species are mostly allopatric with narrow hybrid zones. The major problem with this concept is that it is not applicable to the continental populations in which transitional morphs exist.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E227B6645480F923C0A81442	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E21BB66554C0FC0FC38216AE.text	BD701413E21BB66554C0FC0FC38216AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena balearica (Brignoli 1978)	<div><p>ERATIGENA BALEARICA (BRIGNOLI, 1978) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 13A–B, I–J)</p> <p>Malthonica balearica Brignoli, 1978a: 278, 279, fig. 8, female; Barrientos &amp; Febrer, 1986: 123–128, figs 1–3.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype: Spain: Balearic Islands: Majorca, Porto Cristo, ‘près de Cueva del Drach’, ♀ (MHNG), 1.iv.1968, Hauser.</p> <p>Paratype. Spain: Balearic Islands: Majorca, ‘sur route de Palma-Valldemosa’, ♀ (MHNG), 4.iv.1968, Hauser.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Spain (3 ♂, 3 ♀)</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>See Diagnosis section of E. picta. For illustrations see Barrientos &amp; Febrer (1986).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Measurements of males were provided by Barrientos &amp; Febrer (1986). Female (N = 1): CL 2.1, CW 1.4, STL 1.2, STW 1.0. Leg I (2.1, 0.7, 2.0, 1.7, 1.2), II (1.75, 0.7, 1.5, 1.4, 1.0), III (1.7, 0.6, -, -, -), IV (2.2, 0.8, 2.1, 2.0, 1.1). Pedipalp (0.85, 0.3, 0.55, 0.8). Eyes: PME 0.095, PLE 0.124, AME 0.105, ALE 0.114. Eye distances: PME- PME 1–1.5 x PME, PME- AME 1–1.5 x PME, PME- PLE 1 x PME, PME- ALE 1.5 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME- ALE &lt;0.5– 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 0.5–1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch broad, flattened, and distally truncated, dorsal branch broad, elongated, and bent posteriad. Short dorsal spike on male palp tibia present (arrow in Fig. 13B). Embolus length about 1.5–1.75 x CB, originating at 8 o’clock position, distal tip at 2–4 o’clock position. Conductor long oval, distal portion moderately elongated, as long as wide, lateral margin almost completely folded. Terminal end complex, strongly sclerotized, and with two spirally twisted points. Transversal ridge of conductor expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 5 o’clock position, wider than long, distally with pocket-like sclerite. Connection of MA to tegulum at least partly strongly sclerotized.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with distinct, oval atrial cavity, posteriorly limited by narrow margin. Epigynal teeth absent. Anteriorly, CD are visible through epigynal plate. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD convoluted, ending in irregularly sclerotized, thickened, tube-like RC, separated by about 1.5 x their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral retromargin with eight to nine teeth. Colulus rectangularly shaped with distal margin w-shaped. Distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and two cylindrical gland spigots on both lateral sides. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria five to six. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 16. Leg spination: female palp (2–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0, several), male palp (2–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0, several), leg femora (2–2–0–0, 2–1–0–0 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1–0, 2–1–1–0, 1–1–1–0 or 2–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–0–0–2+1p or 0–0–0–2p or 0–0–0–4, 0–1–0–1+1p or 2–1–0–1+1p, 2–2–1–1+1p or 2–2–2– 1+1p or 2–2–2–1+1p+1, 2–2–2–2+1p+1 or 2–2–2–3), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–2–0–3p+1 or 0–3–0–3p+1, 1–3–3–4p+1 or 1–4–3–1p+1+2p+1, 1–4–4–1p+1+2p+1 or 1–4–4–3p+1), tarsi (I and II 0, 0–1–2–0, 0–1–1–0 or 0–1–2–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands. Sternum with distinct pale median region. Opisthosoma brownish to dark brownish, anteriorly with three bands, yellowish, posteriorly continuing in chevrons. Legs weakly but continuously darkened. ALS and both segments of PLS darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Balearic Islands. Discussion</p> <p>Barrientos &amp; Febrer (1986) suggested that this species is closely related to E. picta. The generic assignment of this species was controversial until the restricted definition of Malthonica by Barrientos &amp; Cardoso (2007). Their hypothesis, that E. balearica does not belong to Malthonica and that it is closely related to E. picta, is fully supported here.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E21BB66554C0FC0FC38216AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E21AB66554A3FE7EC3941116.text	BD701413E21AB66554A3FE7EC3941116.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena barrientosi (Bolzern 2009)	<div><p>ERATIGENA BARRIENTOSI (BOLZERN ET AL., 2009) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>Tegenaria barrientosi Bolzern et al., 2009: 48–52, figs 1–5, 11–14.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>All type material and other known specimens were examined and listed by Bolzern et al. (2009, sub Tegenaria).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena barrientosi can be separated from other Eratigena gen. nov. species by the presence of dorsal trichobothria on the female and male palp tarsus/ cymbium (shared character with E. feminea, E. bucculenta sensu Machado, and E. incognita; absent in all other Eratigena gen. nov. species), and the male tibia I shorter than or equal to the length of carapace (as in E. feminea, E. incognita, and E. fuesslini, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species tibia I longer), presence of more than two dorsal spines at all metatarsi (as in E. incognita, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species without dorsal spines on tibia I and II) and having only two cylindrical gland spigots laterally on PMS (as in E. picta, E. balearica, E. arganoi, E. sardoa, and E. sicana, all other species with three to four such spigots).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Essential information was provided by Bolzern et al. (2009, sub Tegenaria).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from two localities in Portugal.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E21AB66554A3FE7EC3941116	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E21AB66A54CCF9D6C03F119C.text	BD701413E21AB66A54CCF9D6C03F119C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena bucculenta (L. Koch 1868) Problematic	<div><p>ERATIGENA BUCCULENTA (L. KOCH, 1868) COMB. NOV. (FIGS 8L–O, R–S, 11C–F, I–P)</p> <p>Comment</p> <p>Eratigena bucculenta is morphologically very variable and is grouped here into three morphotypes:</p> <p>MORPH A (FIG. 11I–J)</p> <p>Coelotes bucculentus L. Koch, 1868: 36–38, fig. 17, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria bucculenta: Simon, 1875: 106–107, female, male doubtful; Brignoli, 1978a: 275–276, fig. 2.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>According to Simon (1875: 107) one of the females in his sample 467 represents Koch’s type specimen (= syntype) collected in El Escorial (L. Koch, 1868: 38, ‘Escurial’). Spain: Sierra Nevada, Guadarrama, 2 ♀ (long CD) (MNHN, 1974, 467). The male of sample 467 mentioned by Simon (1875: 107) and Machado (1941) could not be found in this tube. According to Machado (1941), this male with the location ‘Sierra Nevada’ represents the ‘type’ of Tegenaria patula Simon, 1870 (cf. E. feminea).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Spain: Madrid: Sierra Guadarrama, Puerto de Paular, 1 ♀ (long CD) (same tube as male of E. bucculenta sensu Barrientos, MCSN, 542, 9.v.1967, Osella. They are stored in the collection of Brignoli (♂) and the MCSN (♀). These collections are presently housed together in the same institution (MCSN). Brignoli (1978a: 275) only cited the male, but provided drawings of the female.</p> <p>MORPH B (FIGS 8L–M, R–S, 11C–D, K–M)</p> <p>Tegenaria bucculenta: Machado, 1941: 36–42, figs 22–29.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Portugal: Bracança: Freixo de Espada à Cinta, Palão, 5 ♂ (sub Tegenaria feminea, ZMUC, 00012609), 18.iv.2001, Cardoso; Guarda: Fozcôa, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (short CD) (MNHN, 1970), iii.1940; Braga: PNPG, Albergaria, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (short CD) (sub Tegenaria feminea, ZMUC, 00012599), 15.vi.2005, Cardoso.</p> <p>Spain: Castilla y León: Zamora, Sandin de Carballeda, 1 ♀ (short CD) (MHNG), vii.1975, Haymoz.</p> <p>MORPH C (FIGS 8N–O, 11E–F, N–P)</p> <p>Tegenaria bucculenta: Barrientos, 1991: 228–231, figs 2, 3, male.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Spain: Castilly y León: Salamanca, Puerto de Vallejera, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (NMB, AB1017), 13.vii.1984, Jerardino; Salamanca, Castañar de Béjar, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (NMB, AB1016), 26.vi.1984, Jerardino; Madrid: Sierra Guadarrama, Puerto de Paular, 1 ♂ (same tube as female of E. bucculenta with long CD, MCSN, 542,), 9.v.1967, Osella; Los Molinos, 1 ♂ (AMNH), 1961, Haller.</p> <p>Diagnosis for E. bucculenta sensu Machado</p> <p>See Diagnosis section for E. feminea.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Detailed description with measurements was provided by Machado (1941) for E. bucculenta sensu Machado (sub Tegenaria) and by Barrientos (1991) for E. bucculenta sensu Barrientos (only for the male).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Morphotype A is represented by the syntype of E. bucculenta (MNHN, 1974, 467) with long, convoluted CD (Fig. 11J). The female specimen described by Brignoli (1978a: fig. 2) is morphologically similar, his male, however, corresponds to the male described by Barrientos (morphotype C, Fig. 11E, F). Morphotype B corresponds to the male and female (vulva with short CD) described by Machado (1941: 38, fig. 26). No other morphological character could be found that separates morphotypes A and B. Morphotype C comprises the male described by Barrientos (1991) and the female, which differs from the other two morphotypes (Fig. 11N, O) in the following characters: distinctly pronounced atrium (much shallower in morphotypes A and B), much more strongly pronounced and elongated epigynal teeth, differently shaped vulva (RC relatively smaller in respect to the CD), much longer palpal tibia, and the absence of dorsal trichobothria on the palp tarsus/cymbium (trichobothria are present in morphotypes A and B and also in E. feminea). Morphotypes A and C are restricted to the ‘Sistema Central’, a system of mountain ranges on the Iberian Peninsula, whereas morphotype B occurs in an area north-west of the ‘Sistema Central’ not geographically overlapping with morphotypes A and C.</p> <p>The syntype of Teg. bucculenta corresponds to morphotype A. Morphotype C differs significantly from Teg. bucculenta s.s. and may represent a different species (Teg. bucculenta sensu Barrientos, 1991). Morphotype B could be a variation of morphotype A. If this is the case Teg. bucculenta sensu Machado (1941) (female with short CD) should be called E. bucculenta. The available material is insufficient to solve this problem.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E21AB66A54CCF9D6C03F119C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E215B66B54B7F923C5721221.text	BD701413E215B66B54B7F923C5721221.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena feminea (SIMON 1870)	<div><p>ERATIGENA FEMINEA (SIMON, 1870) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 8J–K, P–Q, 11A–B, G–H)</p> <p>Tegenaria feminea Simon, 1870: 283, 284, male; Barrientos, 1980: 15–20, figs 1, 2.</p> <p>Tegenaria cisticola Simon, 1870: 286–288, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria patula Simon, 1870: 285, 286, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria maderiana Thorell, 1875a: 76, 77, syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria carpetana Brignoli, 1978a: 276, 277, fig. 4, female.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Probable syntypes. Spain: Malaga, Sevilla, Cepeda, 4 ♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN, 1974, 468), Simon.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria cisticola: Probable syntypes. Spain: Sierra Morena, 1 ♂, 3 ♀ (MNHN, 1974, 477), Simon.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria maderiana: Holo- and paratypes. Portugal: Madeira, ‘ Insula Madera’, 3 ♀ (SMNH, Burk 226), Heer.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria carpetana: Holotype. Spain: Madrid: Galapagar, ♀ (MCSN, 100), 10.v.1967, Osella.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Portugal (9 ♂, 9 ♀); Spain (5 ♂, 13 ♀).</p> <p>Africa: Algeria (3 ♀). Asia: Syria (1 ♂).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena feminea can be separated from other Eratigena gen. nov. species by the reduced RTA and the presence of a two-pointed patellar apophysis at the male palp (as in E. bucculenta sensu Machado, 1941; all other Eratigena gen. nov. species with RTA and without patellar apophysis), the presence of dorsal trichobothria on the female and male palp tarsus/ cymbium (shared character with E. bucculenta sensu Machado, E. barrientosi and E. incognita; absent in all other Eratigena gen. nov. species, also absent in E. bucculenta sensu Barrientos, 1991) and the male tibia I shorter than or equal to the length of carapace (as in E. barrientosi, E. incognita, and E. fuesslini, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species tibia I longer). It can be separated from the closely related E. bucculenta sensu Machado (1941) by the patellar apophysis having two well-separated points, the conductor being as long as the alveolus and the straight terminal end of the conductor (E. bucculenta: three-pointed patellar apophysis, close together, conductor shorter than the alveolus with terminal end bent ventrad). Females can be separated by the rectangularly shaped posterior sclerite with CO facing laterally (E. bucculenta sensu Machado: triangular posterior sclerite and CO facing anteriorly).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Some measurements were provided by Simon (1870: 283–287, sub Teg. feminea, Teg. patula, and Teg. cisticola) and Brignoli (1978a: 276–277, sub Teg. carpetana). The specimens examined here are in the same range. Eyes: PME 0.11, PLE 0.15, AME 0.13, ALE 0.13. Eye distances: PME- PME 1.5 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME–ALE 1.5–2 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME- ALE &lt;0.5 x AME, CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: Patellar apophysis at male palp present, dorsally with large and sclerotized point, lateroventrally with smaller point, both well separated. RTA reduced. Short dorsal spike on male palp tibia absent. Embolus length 0.75–1.25 x CB, originating at 9 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion as long as wide, not reaching distal margin of alveolus, lateral margin folded only at terminal half. Terminal end simple, long, drawn out, straight, and inconspicuously pointed. Transversal ridge of conductor expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 5–6 o’clock position, moderately protruding, as long as wide, distally with pocket-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct posterior sclerite, forming a strongly sclerotized, rectangularly shaped pocket, opening towards posterior. Epigynal teeth present, originating posteriodistally of posterior sclerite, pointing posteriomediad. CO located laterally of posterior sclerite, opening laterad. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD long and convoluted, without appendages but expanded region at its beginning (probably homologous to the appendages of E. bucculenta). RC oblong, irregularly formed, and sclerotized, enclosing convoluted ducts, separated by less than or about their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with seven to 11 teeth. Colulus rectangularly shaped with distal margin w-shaped. Distal segment of PLS as long as basal segment. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Tarsal trichobothria present on cymbium and palpal tarsus. Seven to nine tarsal trichobothria. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 11–13. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora (1–2–1–0 or 2–2–0–0 or 2–2–1–0 or 3–2– 0–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–3–1–0, 2–1–2–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–2–3–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–0– 0–2p or 0–0–0–3p, 0–1–0–3p or 0–2–0–3p, 2–2–2– 1+1p or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–2p or 2–2–2–3p, 1–2– 2–1+2p+1 or 2–2–2–1+3p or 2–2–2–2+1p+1 or 2–2–2– 4p), metatarsi (0–0–0–4p+1, 0–2–0–4p+1, 1p–4–3– 4p+1, 1p–4–3–4p+1 or 2–4–4–4p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–2–3–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands dorsally on carapace present, sometimes reduced to only triangular dots. Sternum with a distinct pale median region. Opisthosoma brown-grey-green, dorsoanteriorly with two symmetrical longitudinal pale bands continuing posteriorly in chevrons and then in dots. Legs either without a pattern or spotted. ALS indistinctly darkened (occasionally only distally), PLS both segments darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Iberian Peninsula and northern Africa (Algeria).</p> <p>The specimen from Algeria has already been mentioned by Machado (1941). In one tube labelled by Simon with the number ‘469 (Syria)’, one male was determined as E. feminea, together with other specimens belonging to other species. It is known that Simon added later specimens to some tubes. There is some doubt as to whether the specimen in question really is from Syria.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Eratigena feminea has very distinct male and female genitalia. The coloration (spotted legs or not, black dots on cephalothorax) and the size are very variable, which led to the description of several species that were subsequently synonymized. One synonym, established by Lehtinen (1967: 267) has to be corrected: the specimens of Teg. cisticola preserved in MNHN (Simon’s no. 477) belong, as mentioned by Machado (1941), Barrientos (1980), and Brignoli (1978a), to E. feminea and not to E. bucculenta.</p> <p>Eratigena feminea seems to be closely related to E. bucculenta. In one sample from Portugal (Boticas) both species are present with one male (male of E. bucculenta sensu Machado, 1941). For further discussion see E. bucculenta.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E215B66B54B7F923C5721221	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E214B6695755FAFFC368145E.text	BD701413E214B6695755FAFFC368145E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena fuesslini (Pavesi 1873)	<div><p>ERATIGENA FUESSLINI (PAVESI, 1873) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 8G–I, 10H–K)</p> <p>Tegenaria fuesslinii Pavesi, 1873: 105–107, figure without a number, only female.</p> <p>Tegenaria pallidula Simon, 1875: 95, 96, only male.</p> <p>Tegenaria capra Simon, 1875: 97, 98, only male.</p> <p>Tegenaria ericarum Simon, 1875: 98, 99.</p> <p>Tegenaria corsica Simon, 1937: 1038, 1039, figs 1539, 1540.</p> <p>Simon (1937) synonymized Teg. pallidula, Teg. capra, and Teg. ericarum with Teg. corsica Bremi-Wolf (also Bremi-Wolff); the name Teg. corsica is considered a nomen nudum (see Brignoli, 1971a: 84).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>No type material was available for this study [could not be traced, apparently not represented in the collection of Genova (Giuliano Doria, pers. comm.) and until now not traceable in the collection of the Museo di Storia Naturale dell’Università di Pavia (Michele Abderhalden, pers. comm.)].</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France (36 ♂, 65 ♀); Italy (19 ♂, 40 ♀); Spain (35 ♂, 14 ♀); Switzerland (1 ♂, 2 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena fuesslini can easily be separated from all other Eratigena gen. nov. species by the distinct terminal end of the conductor, and the atrial cavity posteriorly limited by a large bulge. From the closely related species, E. agrestis, it can be separated by the body size (E. fuesslini much smaller than E. agrestis), the less broad conductor (in retrolateral view, broader in E. agrestis), the terminal end of the conductor, the bulge at the epigyne protruding posteriad (not protruding in E. agrestis), and the CD being visible through the epigynal plate.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 3.25–4.2, CW 2.35– 3.0, STL 1.7–2.05, STW 1.4–1.75, OL 3.75–4.0, OW 2.3. Leg I (3.4–4.35, 1.2–1.55, 3.2–4.0, 3.3–4.2, 2.0– 2.65), II (2.95–3.5, 1.1–1.5, 2.4–2.85, 2.75–3.4, 1.75– 2.2), III (2.75–3.3, 1.1–1.3, 2.05–2.5, 2.25–3.5, 1.3– 1.9), IV (3.6–4.0, 1.15–1.5, 3.15–3.7, 4.0–4.6, 2.0–2.3). Pedipalp (1.5–1.75, 0.55–0.65, 0.6–0.75, 1.45–1.75), bulbL 1.0–1.25. Female (N = 2): CL 2.25–4.2, CW 1.6– 2.7, STL 1.25–2.1, STW 1.05–1.7, OL 2.75–4.9, OW 1.85–3.0. Leg I (1.9–3.5, 0.85–1.5, 1.6–3.1, 1.6–2.95, 1.15–2.0), II (1.65–3.1, 0.75–1.45, 1.2–2.4, 1.45–2.7, 1.0–1.8), III (1.5–3.0, 0.7–1.35, 1.05–2.1, 1.45–2.75, 0.9–1.75), IV (2.05–3.9, 0.8–1.45, 1.8–3.4, 2.1–4.0, 1.05–2.1). Pedipalp (0.85–1.65, 0.45–0.7, 0.5–1.05, 0.6–1.6). EPL 0.48–0.54, EPW 0.62–0.71, ATL 0.07– 0.08, ATW 0.29–0.3. Eyes: PME 0.09–0.143, PLE 0.10–0.152, AME 0.08–0.129, ALE 0.10–0.171. Eye distances: PME- PME 1.5–2 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME–ALE 1.5 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME- ALE 0.5 x AME, CLY1 2–2.5 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch simple and pointed, dorsal branch broad, distally truncated and variable shaped (from one larger and several smaller points to only two points). Short dorsal spike on palp tibia present. Embolus length 1.25–1.5 x CB, originating at 9–10 o’clock position, distal tip at 4–5 o’clock position. Conductor massive, not conspicuously broad in retrolateral view, distal portion not elongated, folded only at the terminal half, which is twisted ventroprolaterad. Terminal end complex, consisting of two strongly sclerotized, stepped, and elongated points (one additional thornlike point possible, Fig. 8H), ventral point with a strongly sclerotized, dark posterior margin and a much thinner, plate-like anterior part. Conductor retrolaterally moderately furrowed. Transversal ridge of conductor expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 6–8 o’clock position, protruding, wider than long, distally with pocket-like sclerite. Connection of MA to tegulum at least partly strongly sclerotized.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with distinct atrial cavity, posteriorly limited by a posterior sclerite expressed as distinct large bulge, strongly fused with the epigynal plate, and moderately protruding posteriad. Epigynal teeth present, originating lateral on the posterior bulge, pointing posteriomediad. Anteriorly, CD visible through epigynal plate. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD moderately convoluted, with a ventral protuberance (close to the CO). RC irregularly oblong and sclerotized, enclosing convoluted ducts, separated by about 1.5 x their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral retromargin with eight to 12 teeth. Colulus rectangularly shaped with distal margin w-shaped. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria five to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 12–14. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–1+1p–0–0 or 1–2–0–0), female palp (2–0– 0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora [2–2–0–0, 1–0–0–0 or 2–2–0–0 or 2–3–1–0 (in small female with only one dorsal spine), 1–0–0–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–2–3–0 or 2–3–3–0 (in small female with only one dorsal spine), 1–0–1–0 (only in small female) or 1–1–1–0 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0], patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0–0–0–1+1p or 0–0–0–1+2p or 0–0–0–2 or 0–0–0–2p or 0–0–0–3p (indistinct dorsal spines possible), 0–1– 0–1 or 0–1–0–1p+1+1p or 0–2–0–1p+1+1p, 2–2–1–1 or 2–2–1–2 or 2–2–2–2p or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–2 or 2–2–2–2p], metatarsi (0–0–0–4p+1, 0–0–0–2p+1 or 0–1–0–2p+1 or 0–2–0–4p+1, 0–2–2– 1p+1+2p or 0–3–2–1p+1+2p or 1p–4–3–5p or 1p–4–4– 5p, 0–4–3–1p+2+2p or 1–4–3–1+4p or 1–4–4–5p or 1p–4–3–4p+1), tarsi (I–II 0, III 0–0–1–0 or 0–2–3–0, IV 0–0–1–1 or 0–2–4–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace with weakly serrated, longitudinal dark symmetrical bands, may be reduced to only triangular dots. Sternum with distinct pale median region. Opisthosoma darkened greenbrownish, at the cardiac mark yellowish, posteriorly continuing in broad chevrons (~ five). Legs moderately continuous darkened. ALS and both segments of PLS dorsally darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Central to south-western Europe (CH, FR, IT, ES, PT). Some records may be unsure (e.g. YU, DE).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As described for the previous species, E. fuesslini shows very considerable morphological variation in genital characters. This variation led Simon (1875) to describe three species, which he subsequently synonymized (Simon, 1937). Some specimens are strikingly smaller and the female and male genitalia differ in some morphological details. This, however, may be a result of smaller size. With the evidence at hand it is not possible to decide whether these differences reflect intraspecific or interspecific variation and we adopt the synonymy proposed by Simon.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E214B6695755FAFFC368145E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E216B66E5511FCEDC0A5118E.text	BD701413E216B66E5511FCEDC0A5118E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena herculea (Fage 1931)	<div><p>ERATIGENA HERCULEA (FAGE, 1931) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 12A, B)</p> <p>Tegenaria herculea Fage, 1931: 210, 211, fig. 47, female; Brignoli, 1977c: 69, 70, fig. 3, female; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986: 188–191, figs 1–3, male.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria herculea: Lehtinen, 1967: 261.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Gibraltar: ‘ Cueva de San Miguel’, ♀ (MNHN, 1976, 507), 6.iv.1912.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Gibraltar (1 ♀); Spain (5 ♀).</p> <p>No males were available for examination. For figures of males see Ribera &amp; Barrientos (1986).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena herculea, E. hispanica, and three species originally described in Malthonica (E. arganoi, E. sardoa, and E. sicana, the ‘ Eratigena arganoi - group’) have the distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment (as in E. picta, E. balearica, and E. montigena; segment as long as basal in other species), short dorsal spike at male palp tibia absent (shared with E. feminea, E. incognita, E. inermis, and E. vomeroi, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species with spike), conductor with lateral margin entirely folded (as in E. picta and E. balearica, all other species with folded margin only at the terminal half), terminal end of conductor with one simple elongated peak (comparable with E. atrica, E. bucculenta, E. feminea, E. barrientosi, and E. incognita, in all other Eratigena gen. nov. species more complex), MA protruding, longer than wide, spoon-like (all other Eratigena gen. nov. species with the length of MA not exceeding its width, pocket-like), connection of MA to tegulum membranous (only similar in E. incognita), epigyne with a distinct posterior sclerite, forming a strongly sclerotized and protruding pocket-like structure (shared with E. bucculenta and E. feminea, all other Eratigena gen. nov. species without such structure).</p> <p>Eratigena herculea and E. hispanica can be separated from the ‘ Eratigena arganoi -group’ by the length of tibia I (longer than CL, in other species shorter than or equal to CL), the PMS bearing three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally (others with only two), the shape of the dorsal branch of the RTA, the conductor, and the MA, the very long appendages at the CD (short or absent in other species), and the special form of the RC. From E. hispanica it differs in the smaller size (Ribera, 1978; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986; even though this character is strongly variable in many species of the genus, there are very few other discriminating characters mentioned in the literature), the shape of the RTA in dorsal view (Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986: 190, figs 3, 5), the conductor not reaching the distal margin of the alveolus (reaching it in E. hispanica), the differently shaped epigyne (larger membranous part anteriorly of distinctly differently shaped posterior sclerite in E. hispanica), the absence of epigynal teeth (present in E. hispanica), and the distally less convoluted appendages at the CD (more elongated and convoluted in E. hispanica).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Measurements of males were provided by Ribera &amp; Barrientos (1986). Female (N = 2): CL 2.96–3.16, CW 2.11–2.15, STL 1.53–1.56, STW 1.31– 1.33, OL 2.55–3.63, OW 1.67–2.65. Leg I (4.46, 1.19, 4.64, 4.77, 2.57), II (3.83–3.99, 1.04–1.16, 3.42–3.51, 3.68–4.09, 1.88–2.2), III (3.6–3.74, 1.02–1.05, 3.1– 3.24, 3.98–4.22, 1.72–1.93), IV (4.58–4.85, 1.04–1.07, 4.54–4.57, 5.62–5.91, 1.95–2.2). Pedipalp (1.57–1.59, 0.56–0.59, 1.11–1.17, 1.6–1.69). EPL 0.31, EPW 0.53, ATL 0.18, ATW 0.2. Eyes (moderately reduced): PME 0.04–0.06, PLE 0.05–0.06, AME 0.03–0.05, ALE 0.06– 0.08. Eye distances: PME- PME 2 x PME, PME–AME 1.5–2 x PME, PME–PLE 1.5–2 x PME, PME–ALE 2–2.5 x PME, AME–AME 1.5–2 x AME, AME- ALE 1.5–2 x AME, CLY1&gt; 3 x AME, CLY2 2–3 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: No male specimen was available for examination. Relevant information was provided by Ribera &amp; Barrientos (1986).</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with a distinct posterior sclerite, forming a strongly sclerotized, triangularly shaped, and protruding pocket, opening posteriad. Epigynal teeth absent. CO located anteriolaterally of the posterior sclerite. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short, with a long, distally somewhat convoluted appendix. RC irregularly formed and sclerotized with several ‘chambers’, separated by about 1.5 x their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three to four, retromargin with seven to ten teeth. Colulus rectangularly shaped with distal margin w-shaped. Distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 18. Leg spination: female palp (1–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–1+1p– 0), leg femora (2–2–1–0 or 2–2–3–0, 1–2–2–0 or 2–3– 2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–2–3–0 or 3–2–1–0, 1–1–1–0 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–1–2–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0, one specimen with one retrolateral spine at patella IV), tibiae (0–0–0–1+1p or 0–1–0–1+1p or 2–2–0–1+1p, 0–2–0–1+1p or 2–2–0–1+2p or 2–2–1–2p, 2–2–1–2p+1 or 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2–2–2 or 2–2–2–2p, 2–2–2–2p+1, or 2–2–2–3p, or 2–2–3–2, or 2–3–2–2), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1 or 0–2–0–3p+1, 0–4–3–2p+1 or 0–4–3–3p+1, 0–4–4–1p+1+2p+1 or 1–4–3–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III 0 or 0–0–1–0, IV 0–0–1–0 or 0–0–2–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace not darkened (troglobiont?). Sternum with a weakly expressed pale median region. Opisthosoma brown-yellowish, only cardiac mark darker. Legs without a pattern.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Records are known only from southern Spain (mainland and the Balearic Island of Ibiza) (Fage, 1931; Brignoli, 1977c; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The specimen from Lima Gesus (Malaga, Tolox) differs slightly from the other material: the conspicuously different run of the copulatory duct, the larger size, and the leg spination. More material is necessary to decide whether or not this specimen represents a different species.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E216B66E5511FCEDC0A5118E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E211B66F54FAF941C0FD13A2.text	BD701413E211B66F54FAF941C0FD13A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena hispanica (FAGE 1931)	<div><p>ERATIGENA HISPANICA (FAGE, 1931) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 12F–G, L–M)</p> <p>Tegenaria hispanica Fage, 1931: 212, 213, fig. 48, only female; Ribera, 1978: 30–32, figs 1–5, male.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria hispanica: Lehtinen, 1967: 261.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype and paratype. Spain: Catalonia: Tarragona, Tortosa, Cova d’en Rubi, 2 ♀ (MNHN, 1979, 787), 20.v.1914, Fage, 1931.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Spain (1 ♂, 2 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>See the Diagnosis section for E. herculea.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 4.34, CW 3.14, STL 2.14, STW 2.02, OL 2.97, OW 1.65. Leg I (7.33, 1.71, 7.43, 7.71, 3.61), II (6.32, 1.73, 5.78, 7.17, 3.1), III (5.53, 1.36, 4.89, 6.93, 2.86), IV (6.6, 1.43, 6.31, 9.51, 3.64). Pedipalp (2.31, 0.76, 1.34, 1.81), bulbL 0.66. Female (N = 1): CL 5.32, CW 3.54, STL 2.43, STW 2.16, OL 5.01, OW 2.7. Leg I (7.42, 1.98, 7.58, 7.99, 3.53), II (6.77, 1.93, 6.27, 7.56, 3.59), III (6.39, 1.78, 5.73, 7.89, 3.2), IV (7.65, 1.98, 7.51, 10.68, 3.92). Pedipalp (2.74, 0.96, 1.97, 2.84). EPL 0.49, EPW 0.76, ATL 0.33, ATW 0.28. Eyes (somewhat reduced): PME 0.13, PLE 0.13–0.17, AME 0.10–0.11, ALE 0.16–0.17. Eye distances: PME- PME 1–1.5 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1.5–2 x PME, PME–ALE 1.5–2 x PME, AME–AME 1–1.5 x AME, AME- ALE 0.5–1 x AME, CLY1 3–3.5 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch only moderately protruding, lobe-like dorsal branch strongly sclerotized and protruding, distally with short, claw-like appendix. Short dorsal spike on male palp tibia absent. Embolus length 1.75–2 x CB, originating at 7–8 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position (bulb in Fig. 12L–M twisted). Conductor with distal portion moderately elongated, as long as wide, reaching distal margin of alveolus, lateral margin folded. Terminal end simple, long, drawn out, and pointed. Transversal ridge of conductor membranous, lamelliform. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 5 o’clock position, protruding, longer than wide, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct posterior sclerite, forming strongly sclerotized, triangularly to rectangularly shaped, and protruding pocket, opening posteriad. Epigynal teeth present, originating distally of posterior sclerite, pointing posteriomediad. CO located anteriolaterally of posterior sclerite at a rectangularly shaped membranous area. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short, with long, distally strongly convoluted appendix. RC irregularly formed and sclerotized with several ‘chambers’, separated by two x the diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with nine to ten teeth. Colulus rectangularly shaped with distal margin more or less straight or moderately w-shaped. Distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria eight to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 13–14. Leg spination: male palp (2–1–1–0, 2–0–0, 1–1+1p–0–0), female palp (2–1–0–0 or 2–1–1–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora (2–3–3–0 or 2–3–4–0 or 2–4–3–0, 2–3–4–0, 2–2–4–0 or 2–3–4–0, 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [2–0–0–4p or 2–1–0–4p or 2–2–0–4p (lateral spines only in female), 2–2–0–4p, 2–2–2–1+3p, 2–2– 2–1+3p or 2–2–2–4p], metatarsi (0–0–0–4p+1, 0–2–0– 4p+1 or 0–2–1–4p+1, 0–5–4–4p+1 or 1–5–4–4p+1, 0–5–4–4p+1 or 1–5–4–4p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III 0 or 0–0–1–0 or 0–1–2–0, IV 0–2–2–0 or 0–2–3–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace not darkened (troglobiont?). Sternum with indistinct pale median region. Opisthosoma brown-yellowish, only cardiac mark darker. Legs without a pattern.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Catalonia and Valencia (Ribera, 1978; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E211B66F54FAF941C0FD13A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E210B66F54D1FB6DC42A1669.text	BD701413E210B66F54D1FB6DC42A1669.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena incognita (Bolzern 2009)	<div><p>ERATIGENA INCOGNITA (BOLZERN ET AL., 2009) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>Tegenaria incognita Bolzern et al., 2009: 52–55, figs 6–10, 15–18.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>All type material and other known specimens was examined and listed in Bolzern et al. (2009, sub Tegenaria).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>See Diagnosis section for E. barrientosi. Description</p> <p>Essential information was provided by Bolzern et al. (2009, sub Tegenaria).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Portugal, only known from the type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E210B66F54D1FB6DC42A1669	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E210B66D5742FE3EC28313AE.text	BD701413E210B66D5742FE3EC28313AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena inermis (SIMON 1870)	<div><p>ERATIGENA INERMIS (SIMON, 1870) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 13C–D, K–L, R, 14A–B, E–F)</p> <p>Tegenaria inermis Simon, 1870: 271–273, pl. 1, figs 7, 11 (figures not useful for determination).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes (several labels were present in the same tube, one from the type locality). Spain: León: Brañuelas; Navarra: Alsasua; ‘Pyr. Raun Bonnes.’ (?), 1 ♂ (MNHN, 1960, specimen selected and labelled as ‘neotype’ by R. De Blauwe). This specimen is here selected as lectotype in order to stabilize the nomenclature (ICZN: art. 74.1; available online at http:// iczn.org/); remaining specimens, 4 ♂, 3 ♀, (MNHN, 1960), paralectotypes.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France (6 ♂, 11 ♀); Portugal (7 ♀); Spain (13 ♂, 17 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena inermis differs from other congeneric species by having distinctly annulated legs (all other Eratigena species with other patterns), at least two femora with more than two dorsal spines (also observed in E. saeva comb. nov.; all other species with one or two spines), tibia I with prolateral spines (also observed in E. herculea, E. hispanica, and E. sicana; all other species without prolateral spines), massive transversal ridge or bulge at the conductor of the male bulb (Figs 13C–D, 14A–B, distinctly different to all other species), conductor dorsally with a small rounded bulge (as in several Tegenaria, but not in Eratigena species), conspicuously large and strongly sclerotized MA, epigynal teeth absent, and long appendages at CD (Fig. 14E–F, as in E. herculea and E. hispanica). It can be separated from the closely related E. vomeroi by having the basal part of the median apophysis more strongly sclerotized, the very special massive and prominent transversal ridge</p> <p>at the conductor showing a distinct border line of sclerotization that is only indistinctly expressed in E. vomeroi, the long appendages anteriorly of the CD reaching at least to the top of the RC (or even beyond) in E. vomeroi but shorter in E. inermis (Fig. 14E–H).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 4.75, CW 3.34, STL 2.11, STW 2.04, OL 5.10, OW 2.92. Leg I (7.4, 2.02, 7.39, 8.21, –), II (6.45, 1.83, 5.83, 6.75, 3.22), III (5.78, 1.64, 4.79, 6.88, 3.04), IV (6.51, 1.66, 6.11, 7.36, –). Pedipalp (2.31, 0.76, 0.92, 2.25), bulbL 1.15. Female (N = 3): CL 5.42–5.68, CW 3.73–3.91, STL 2.17–2.56, STW 2.17–2.43, OL 6.10–8.61, OW 3.70–5.64. Leg I (5.99–7.13, 1.87–2.12, 5.69–6.81, 5.85–7.48, 3.14– 3.61), II (5.35–6.39, 1.73–2.00, 4.64–5.86, 5.27–6.94, 2.81–3.14), III (4.9–6.13, 1.64–1.86, 4.02–5.10, 5.38– 7.09, 2.17–2.93), IV (6.14–7.51, 1.71–1.96, 5.36–6.67, 7.49–9.37, 3.07–3.66). Pedipalp (2.55–2.56, 0.97–0.98, 1.72–1.77, 2.64–2.89). EPL 0.65–0.73, EPW 0.94–1.19, ATL 0.29–0.42, ATW 0.45–0.58. Eyes: PME 0.22–0.26, PLE 0.22–0.28, AME 0.17–0.23, ALE 0.23–0.26. Eye distances: PME–PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME- ALE ≤ 0.5 x AME. CLY1 2.5–3 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch bulge-like, dorsal branch a strongly sclerotized peak. Embolus length &lt;1.25 x CB, originating at 8–10 o’clock position, distal tip at 2–4 o’clock position. Conductor drop-shaped, folded only at terminal half. Terminal end consists of two strongly sclerotized points and dorsally with a small rounded bulge. Transversal ridge of conductor massive and prominent with distinct margin between membranous and more sclerotized areas. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 5–7 o’clock position, moderately protruding, much wider than long, pocket-like. Connection of MA to tegulum strongly sclerotized.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with large bulge, anteriorly of which the CO are located in a transversal depression. Posterior sclerite absent. Epigynal teeth absent. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short and straight with long appendages. RC irregularly formed and not constantly sclerotized. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral retromargin with six to seven teeth. Colulus rectangular with distal margin straight. PMS with one elevated minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria eight to ten. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 12–14. Leg spination: male palp (2–1–0–0, 2–0–0–0, 1–2p–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0 or 2–1–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora (3–3–3–0 or 3–3–4–0 or 3–4– 4–0, 3–3–3–0 or 3–3–4–0 or 3–5–4–0 or 4–6–5–0, 2–3–4–0 or 2–4–3–0 or 2–4–4–0 or 3–4–4–0, 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0 or 2–4–2–0 or 3–2–2–0 or 3–3–3–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0–2–0–1+2p or 0–2–0–4p, 0–2–0–1+3p or 0–2–0–4p or 0–2–1–4p (dorsally on I &amp; II two indistinct spines possible), 2–2– 2–1+3p or 2–2–2–3+1p or 2–2–2–4p, 2–2–2–1+3p or 2–2–2–2+2p or 2–2–2–3+1p or 2–2–2–4p], metatarsi (0–0–0–4p+1, 0–2–0–4p+1 or 0–2–1–4p+1, 0–4–4– 4p+1 or 0–5–4–4p+1, 0–5–4–4p+1).</p> <p>Coloration: Two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands dorsally on carapace present (sometimes reduced to triangular dots). Distinct sternal pattern of median region and three symmetrical pale dots laterally, most distal pair fused to the median region (Fig. 13R). Opisthosoma with three pale bands anteriorly, continuing to the back in chevrons. Legs annulated. ALS somewhat darkened, PLS both segments darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the northern part of France and from Spain and Portugal.</p> <p>Comments</p> <p>Further useful drawings for the determination of this species were provided by Simon (1937) and Brignoli (1978a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E210B66D5742FE3EC28313AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E212B6725799FB7CC41313BB.text	BD701413E212B6725799FB7CC41313BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena montigena (SIMON 1937)	<div><p>ERATIGENA MONTIGENA (SIMON, 1937) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 10L–O)</p> <p>Tegenaria montigena Simon, 1937: 1001, 1039, figs 1541, 1542.</p> <p>Tegenaria lusitanica Schenkel, 1938: 11–13, fig. 4, male; synonymized by Bacelar (1940: 107).</p> <p>Tegenaria feminea: Brignoli, 1978a: 276, fig. 3, female, misidentification.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes. Spain: Guadarrama, la Granja, 2 ♂, 9 ♀ (MNHN, 1964), vi.1908, Simon.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Portugal (15 ♂, 12 ♀); Spain (3 ♂, 12 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena montigena can be easily recognized by the unique and distinctive terminal end of the conductor in lateral view (Fig. 10O), the shape of the onebranched and protruding RTA, the strongly sclero- tized epigynal plate with two symmetrically arranged reniform depressions with the CO, the epigynal teeth, and the simply shaped vulva (Fig. 10M–N).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Measurements and detailed description of male were provided by Schenkel (1938: 11–13, sub Tegenaria lusitanica). Female (N = 1): CL 4.64, CW 3.14, STL 2.36, STW 2.01, OL 6.42, OW 4.16. Leg I (4.20, 1.77, 3.65, 3.65, 2.27), II (3.65, 1.60, 2.67, 3.14, 1.93), III (3.32, 1.39, 2.34, 3.44, 1.76), IV (4.39, 1.56, 3.81, 4.91, 2.14), Pedipalp (1.85, 0.80, 1.05, 1.85). EPL 0.70, EPW 1.08, ATL 0.36, ATW 0.52. Eyes: PME 0.18, PLE 0.18, AME 0.14, ALE 0.19. Eye distances: PME– PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1 x PME, PME–ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2.5–3 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with one branch, laterally oblong protruding ventrad, lobe-like, distally broadly truncated. Short dorsal spike at male palp tibia present. Embolus length 1–1.25 x CB, originating at 10 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion moderately elongated, shorter or almost as long as wide, not reaching distal margin of alveolus, lateral margin folded along terminal half. Terminal end very complex with a simple and curved point ventrally and a strongly protruding and massive outgrowth dorsally, in between these structures a short sharp point. Transversal ridge of conductor expressed as membranous lamella. Conductor membranously connected to tegulum. MA originating at 7 o’clock position, moderately protruding, as long as wide, distally with pocket-like sclerite. Connection of MA to tegulum moderately sclerotized.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with a strongly sclerotized, trapezoidal to oval plate, anteriorly of which well-separated CO are located at anterior end of two symmetrically arranged reniform depressions. Posterior sclerite absent. Epigynal teeth present, originating posteriolateral at the epigynal plate, pointing mediad. Vulva consists of short and convoluted CD leading into RC, irregularly sclerotized, enclosing convoluted ducts, separated by more than their diameter. FD only represented by small, leafshaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with eight to nine teeth. Colulus rectangularly shaped with distal margin w-shaped. Distal segment of PLS longer than basal segment. PMS with one prominent minor ampullate gland spigot and three to four cylindrical gland spigots laterally. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to nine. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–1+1p–0–0 or 1–2p–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2p–0–0), leg femora (I: 2–2–0–0. II: 2–2– 0–0. III: 2–2–2–0. IV: 1–1–1–0.), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [I: 0–0–0–3p, or 2–0–0–3p (dorsal spines very skinny). II: 0–1–0–3p, or 2–1–0–3p (dorsal spines very thin). III: 2–2–2– 3p. IV: 2–2–2–3p+1+1p], metatarsi (0–0–0–4p+1, 0–2–0–4p+1, 1–4–4–4p+1 or 2–4–3–5p, 2–4–4–2p+1+3p), tarsi (I–II 0, III 0–2–3–0, IV 0–2– 4–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace with longitudinal dark symmetrical bands, may be reduced to only triangular dots. Sternum either without a pattern or with moderately paler median region. Opisthosoma dark brown-grey-green, at the cardiac mark yellowish, continuing posteriorly in broad chevrons. Legs without a pattern. ALS fairly darkened, PLS both segments darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Brignoli’s concept of E. montigena is confusing. He illustrated the vulva (Brignoli, 1971b) of this species under Teg. montigena as well as under Teg. feminea on the basis of a misidentified specimen from ‘Zamora, env. Sandin de Carballeda’ (Brignoli, 1978a: 276, fig. 3), which was re-examined here.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E212B6725799FB7CC41313BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20DB673575FFB70C4B417E6.text	BD701413E20DB673575FFB70C4B417E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena picta (Simon 1870)	<div><p>ERATIGENA PICTA (SIMON, 1870) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 12R–T, 13G–H)</p> <p>Tegenaria picta Simon, 1870: 280–282.</p> <p>Tegenaria minuta Simon, 1870: 282–283, male; Simon, 1875: 99–100, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria pusilla Simon, 1870: 101, female; Becker, 1896: 202, pl. 13, fig. 10, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria perita Simon, 1870: 102, (juv.?).</p> <p>Tegenaria malacensis Thorell, 1875a: 80–81, male [wrongly cited page number and sex by Roewer, (1954) and subsequently also by Platnick (2012)].</p> <p>Tegenaria berthae Becker, 1879: XX–XI, female.</p> <p>Malthonica picta: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>The type specimens, representing Teg. picta and Teg. pusilla, could not be traced in the MNHN. Several specimens (MNHN) from the type locality of E. picta (Guadarrama) were determined by E. Simon.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria minuta: Probably male holotype. Spain: Guadarrama, 1 ♂, 2 ♀ (MNHN, 1965, 476; also labelled as ‘ Tegenaria picta minuta ’, det. Simon; additional location-label: ‘ Banyuls’), Simon.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria malacensis: Holotype. Spain: Andalusia, Malaga, ♂ (ZMUC00012601, N. 171), Lünd.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France (32 ♂, 47 ♀); Germany (5 ♂, 8 ♀); Portugal (1 ♂); Spain (18 ♂, 45 ♀); Switzerland (2 ♂, 1 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Eratigena picta and the closely related E. balearica have the dorsal branch of the RTA distally elongated and bent posteriad (all other species of Eratigena gen. nov. with differently shaped RTA), a short dorsal spike at the male palp tibia (absent in E. inermis, E. vomeroi, E. arganoi, E. sardoa, E. sicana, E. hispanica, E. herculea, E. incognita, and E. feminea), a moderately to strongly elongated distal portion of the conductor (not elongated in E. inermis, E. vomeroi, E. atrica, E. agrestis, and E. fuesslini), the distal margin of conductor entirely folded (shared character with E. herculea, E. hispanica, E. arganoi, E. sardoa, and E. sicana), and an epigyne with distinct atrial cavity (shared character with E. agrestis and E. fuesslini, absent in all other Eratigena gen. nov. species). Male E. picta can easily be separated from the closely related E. balearica by having the distal portion of conductor much more elongated, the more convoluted terminal end of the conductor, and the relatively much shorter male palp tibia. Females of E. picta can be separated from E. balearica females by the shape of the transparently visible CD on the epigynal plate and the very differently shaped vulvae.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Redescriptions of E. picta were, at least partly, provided by Dahl (1931: 32, 33 sub Teg. picta, 41, 42 sub Teg. pusilla) and Jones (1984). Drawings were also provided by Brignoli (1971b).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from all western European countries. The eastern boundary of distribution may run through western Germany and Switzerland. Records from Hungary, the Balkan region, and Russia may be doubtful (see e.g. Deltshev, 2008a).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>In E. picta incredibly great variation in size can be observed, which also influences the genital structures (Fig. 12R–S). Such variation is also found in other related species (e.g. Simon, 1937: 1003; Kraus, 1955: 379; Bolzern et al., 2008: 763).</p> <p>Together with E. balearica, E. picta forms the ‘ Eratigena picta- group’. This is in contrast to previous polyphyletic concepts, which were based on that of Simon (1937) who grouped E. picta with Aterigena soriculata and Aterigena ligurica (all sub Tegenaria).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20DB673575FFB70C4B417E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20CB6735755FEA5C5411257.text	BD701413E20CB6735755FEA5C5411257.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena sardoa (Brignoli 1977)	<div><p>ERATIGENA SARDOA (BRIGNOLI, 1977) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 12I–J, P–Q)</p> <p>Malthonica sardoa Brignoli, 1977a: 38, 39, fig. 19, female; Bolzern et al., 2008: 770–773, figs 12–14, male.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>All type specimens (5 ♀) and other specimens were examined and listed in Bolzern et al. (2008).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (1 ♂, 4 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena sardoa can be separated from E. herculea and E. hispanica by the characters mentioned in the Diagnosis section of E. arganoi. It can be separated from E. arganoi and E. sicana by the simple pointed dorsal branch of the RTA (as in E. sicana, complex and with three points in E. arganoi), the very long, drawn out, and strongly sclerotized terminal end of the conductor (much shorter in the other species), the very long and convoluted CD with attached appendages (as in E. arganoi, much shorter and straight in E. sicana), and the globular and smoothly sclerotized RC (long oval and irregularly sclerotized in E. arganoi, with two pairs of globular RC in E. sicana).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Essential information was provided by Brignoli (1977a) and Bolzern et al. (2008).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Sardinia.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20CB6735755FEA5C5411257	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20CB6705783FA15C09D1597.text	BD701413E20CB6705783FA15C09D1597.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena sicana (Brignoli 1976)	<div><p>ERATIGENA SICANA (BRIGNOLI, 1976) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 12E, K)</p> <p>Malthonica sicana Brignoli, 1976a: 30–33, figs 1, 2, 4.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Type material (♀ holotype, several ♂ and ♀ paratypes) and other specimens were examined and listed in Bolzern et al. (2008).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Eratigena sicana can be separated from E. herculea and E. hispanica by the characters mentioned in the Diagnosis section of E. arganoi. It can be separated from E. arganoi and E. sardoa by the simple pointed dorsal branch of the RTA (as in E. sardoa, complex and with three points in E. arganoi), the bulb to cymbium ratio (equal to or less than 0.5, in the other species larger than 0.6), the relatively long male palp tibia (shorter in the other species), short and straight CD, and the presence of two pairs (one smaller than the other) of globular and smoothly sclerotized RC (long and convoluted CD with attached diverticula and one pair of RC in the other species).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Essential information was provided by Brignoli (1976a) and Bolzern et al. (2008).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Sicily (Brignoli, 1976a) and Sardinia (Bolzern et al., 2008).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20CB6705783FA15C09D1597	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20FB6705482FD54C5EE1467.text	BD701413E20FB6705482FD54C5EE1467.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eratigena vomeroi (Brignoli 1977)	<div><p>ERATIGENA VOMEROI (BRIGNOLI, 1977) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 13E–F, M–Q, 14C–D, G–H)</p> <p>Tegenaria inermis: Brignoli, 1971a: 88–89, figs 32–38, misidentified.</p> <p>Tegenaria vomeroi Brignoli, 1977a: 50–51, figs 31–33.</p> <p>Malthonica vomeroi: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Italy: Basilicata: Potenza, Lagonegro, ‘ Grotta del Cervaro’, ♂ (MCSN, 541), 9.xii.1966, Sbordoni.</p> <p>Paratypes. Italy: same data as holotype, 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Potenza, Tramutola, Risorgenza dell’Aquila, 3 ♂, 1 ♀ (prope inermis, MHNG, epigyne missing in the tube, 1 ♂ MNHN, 1971), 21.xi.1970, Vomero; same location as previous, 1 ♂ (MCSN, 541), 9.iv.1970, Sbordoni.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (4 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>See Diagnosis section for E. inermis.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 5.59, CW 3.97, STL 2.58, STW 2.47, OL 6.0, OW 3.6. Leg I (10.20, 2.23, 10.00, 11.00, 4.60), II (8.63, 2.15, 7.28, 10.10, -), III (6.98, 1.88, 6.15, 9.50, 3.58), IV (9.90, 1.92, 7.88, 12.60, 4.31). Pedipalp (2.55, 0.86, 1.12, 2.64), bulbL 1.06. Female (N = 2): CL 5.85–6.56, CW 4.04–4.42, STL 2.56–2.95, STW 2.38–2.73, OL 7.50, OW 3.98. Leg I (7.55–9.00, 2.22–2.30, 7.15–7.88, 7.67–8.55, 3.14–4.00), II (6.89–7.50, 2.07–2.30, 5.97–6.75, 7.19– 7.95, 3.16–3.75), III (6.41–7.28, 1.87–2.12, 5.28–6.00, 6.83–7.88, 2.96–3.27), IV (8.26–8.78, 1.91–2.30, 6.67– 7.65, 9.75–11.50, 2.82–4.20). Pedipalp (2.68–2.92, 1.00–1.07, 1.79–1.86, 2.81–3.09). EPL 0.80, EPW 1.26, ATL 0.65, ATW 0.80. Eyes: PME 0.23–0.26, PLE 0.25–</p> <p>0.27, AME 0.21–0.24, ALE 0.25–0.32. Eye distances: PME–PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME– PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME– AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE ≤ 0.5 x AME, CLY1 2.5–3 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: As in E. inermis except for a less sclerotized basal part of the median apophysis and the massive transversal ridge of conductor with indistinct margin between membranous and more sclerotized areas.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: As in E. inermis except for the long appendages anteriorly of the CD reaching at least to the top of the RC (or even beyond; Fig. 14G, H). As the appearance of the epigyne and vulva seems to be quite variable, no other distinct differences between the two species could be found.</p> <p>Other important characters and coloration: As in E. inermis except for spination on male and female palp femora 2–1–1–0.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from central to southern Italy.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20FB6705482FD54C5EE1467	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20FB671576BFA0AC21716CD.text	BD701413E20FB671576BFA0AC21716CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malthonica daedeli BRIGNOLI 1980	<div><p>MALTHONICA DAEDELI BRIGNOLI, 1980</p> <p>INCERTAE SEDIS</p> <p>Malthonica daedeli Brignoli, 1980: 80, 81, fig. 13, female.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Crete, 10 km south of Heraklion, ♀ (MSNB), 27.v.1964, Valle &amp; Bianchi.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description was provided by Brignoli (1980).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Brignoli (1980: 81) stated that ‘... the generic position of this species is very puzzling;...’. He assigned it to Malthonica because: ‘... The absence of “teeth” on the epigyne and the small number of cheliceral teeth would not suggest relations with Malthonica, but a certain general similarity with M. minoa (Brignoli, 1976) and the impossibility of placing it elsewhere make it preferable to place it provisionally in this genus...’. The holotype is the only known specimen to date. Until more material is available the generic affiliation of this species remains uncertain.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20FB671576BFA0AC21716CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20FB6705782FC30C49B1268.text	BD701413E20FB6705782FC30C49B1268.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malthonica Simon 1898	<div><p>GENUS MALTHONICA SIMON, 1898</p> <p>Malthonica Simon, 1898: 258.</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Malthonica lusithanica Simon, 1898, by monotypy.</p> <p>Diagnosis and description</p> <p>A revised diagnosis and description was provided by Barrientos &amp; Cardoso (2007).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Based on the narrow definition provided by Barrientos &amp; Cardoso (2007) only Malthonica lusithanica and Malthonica oceanica Barrientos &amp; Cardoso, 2007, remain in the genus. Relevant information on the two species was provided by Barrientos &amp; Cardoso (2007).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20FB6705782FC30C49B1268	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20EB67154EBFE66C30F13D9.text	BD701413E20EB67154EBFE66C30F13D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malthonica minoa (Brignoli 1976)	<div><p>MALTHONICA MINOA (BRIGNOLI, 1976)</p> <p>INCERTAE SEDIS</p> <p>Cicurina minoa Brignoli, 1976b: 565, fig. 44, female. Malthonica minoa: Brignoli, 1976a: 31.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Crete: Omalos, ♀ (MSNB, 004), 16.iv.1965, Valle &amp; Bianchi.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece (3 ♀).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Malthonica minoa, Malthonica paraschiae, and Malthonica spinipalpis do not fit the definition of Malthonica provided by Barrientos &amp; Cardoso (2007) and should be transferred to another genus. The three species are morphologically similar, and show some resemblance to Tegenaria. However, they significantly differ in the very distinct epigynal teeth, the vulva, the shape of several sclerites on the male palp, and the RTA, suggesting that they do not belong to Tegenaria. Until the species group is revised and their phylogenetic relationships elucidated, we keep them in Malthonica as incertae sedis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20EB67154EBFE66C30F13D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20EB67154CEFB72C0591174.text	BD701413E20EB67154CEFB72C0591174.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malthonica paraschiae BRIGNOLI 1984	<div><p>MALTHONICA PARASCHIAE BRIGNOLI, 1984,</p> <p>INCERTAE SEDIS</p> <p>Malthonica paraschiae Brignoli, 1984: 303, fig. 27, female.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Naxos, ♀ (MCSN, 62), 4.v.1982, Paraschi.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece, Paros (1 ♂).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>See M. minoa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20EB67154CEFB72C0591174	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20EB6715537F91DC2BA1624.text	BD701413E20EB6715537F91DC2BA1624.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malthonica Simon 1898	<div><p>MALTHONICA AFF. PARASCHIAE</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Greece: Crete: Meskla, 3 ♂ (SMF, neu / Europa), 27.iii.2007, Schönhofer.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Owing to the small number of specimens the extent of morphological variation cannot be estimated in this species. The specimens from Crete show morphological differences compared with a male specimen from Paros. See M. minoa for information on the generic affiliation.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20EB6715537F91DC2BA1624	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20EB6715762FEE4C2F51574.text	BD701413E20EB6715762FEE4C2F51574.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malthonica spinipalpis Deltshev & Paraschi 1990	<div><p>MALTHONICA SPINIPALPIS DELTSHEV, 1990,</p> <p>INCERTAE SEDIS</p> <p>Malthonica spinipalpis Deltshev &amp; Paraschi, 1990: 11, figs 19–22.</p> <p>No material examined.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>See M. minoa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20EB6715762FEE4C2F51574	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E20EB676578BFD35C4431136.text	BD701413E20EB676578BFD35C4431136.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria Latreille 1804	<div><p>GENUS TEGENARIA LATREILLE, 1804</p> <p>‘Tapiformes (Vestiariae)’ Walckenaer, 1802: 215. Tegenaria Latreille, 1804: 134.</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Araneus domestica Clerck, 1757, by subsequent designation (Latreille, 1810; Kluge, 2007)</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Agelenid spiders bearing the following characters combination: plumose hairs present (absent in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix). AER and PER straight or only slightly procurved or recurved in dorsal view (both rows recurved in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix; both rows procurved in Agelena, Agelescape, Allagelena, and Benoitia) and moderately procurved in frontal view (AER strongly procurved in Agelena, Agelescape, Allagelena, Benoitia, and Malthonica; AER recurved in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix). Cheliceral retromargin with three to six teeth (fewer than three teeth in Lycosoides, Maimuna, and Textrix; six and more teeth in Eratigena gen. nov.) approximately equally in size (as is in Histopona, all other European genera different). Trochanter straight or slightly curved (notched in Aterigena, Histopona, and Malthonica). Patellae with dorsal but no lateral spines (as in Eratigena gen. nov., Histopona, and Malthonica; all other European genera with lateral patellar spines). Absence of ventral spines at all tarsi (as in Eratigena gen. nov. and Malthonica; all other European genera with ventral spines). Colulus expressed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin straight or notched medially (in Eratigena gen. nov. more rectangular or w-shaped; colulus strongly reduced in Hadites and Malthonica; two separated plates in all other European agelenids). Females with one to two minor ampullate gland spigots and two to three cylindrical gland spigots, two to three spigots conspicuously prominent on PMS (as in Histopona, all other European genera different). Male palp: RTA with a lateroventral ridge (absent in Eratigena gen. nov., Histopona, and Malthonica), filiform embolus (sometimes terminally truncated), lamelliform conductor with a mostly simple ventral terminal ending (dorsal part may be more complex; more complex or strongly elongated in Eratigena gen. nov., Allagelena, and Maimuna), elongated median apophysis with distal sclerite (absent in Histopona and Textrix; without sclerite in Agelena, Agelescape, and Benoitia). Female: epigyne with a separated median region (strongly fused or absent in Agelena, Agelescape, Allagelena, Benoitia, Eratigena gen. nov., Lycosoides, and Maimuna). Vulvae very differently shaped but always without either diverticula or long appendages at any duct.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body size medium to large (carapace length between 2 and 6 mm). Margin of carapace narrowly darkened, mostly with three crescent-shaped spots (for caveliving species, pigmentation is absent); two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands dorsally on carapace present, serrated or reduced to three to four pronounced triangles. Sternum slightly longer than wide with a distinct pattern of pale median band and three to four lateral spots, sometimes fused together; plumose hairs present on carapace, legs, and opisthosoma. Chelicerae with three to five promarginal teeth and three to six retromarginal teeth, the latter all equal in size (sometimes second proximal tooth somewhat smaller or most proximal somewhat larger). Labium wider as or as wide as long. AER and PER straight or only slightly procurved or recurved in dorsal view and moderately procurved in frontal view. AME, sometimes also PME, somewhat smaller than all other eyes, which are approximately equal in size. All trochanter straight or slightly curved. Leg I or IV longest, III shortest. All legs annulated or not. Palp and leg spination: palp femora with one to three dorsal and sometimes one prolateral spines; female palp tibia with two dorsal and two prolateral spines (exception: Teg. ariadnae, prolateral with one paired + one single spines), male palp tibia either without or with one to two, or one pair of, prolateral spines; all leg femora with one to two dorsal spines and variable lateral spines; patellae with two dorsal and no lateral spines; metatarsi III and IV without, one or two dorsal spines, metatarsi with variable numbers of lateral spines, metatarsi III and IV with one pair + one ventrodistal spines, tarsi I and II spineless, III and IV with zero to one prolateral and one to several retrolateral spines, no ventral spines. Spinnerets: colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin straight or notched medially. ALS onesegmented, distally with a field of several pyriform spigots and medially with two major ampullate spigots (present in all agelenids). PMS as long as or slightly shorter than ALS, bearing two to three conspicuously prominent spigots. PMS of females with one to two minor ampullate and two to three cylindrical spigots (two to three spigots are prominent medially), and several aciniform gland spigots. PLS longer than all others with distal segment shorter or longer than basal segment. PLS bearing one basal and one medial cylindrical spigot. Male palp without femoral and patellar apophyses. RTA two- to threebranched, mostly complex (several peaks, bent points, fused branches) and with lateroventral ridge, sometimes somewhat reduced. Embolus filiform, getting thinner towards apex (may be truncated in some species); sometimes with distinct terminal end. Conductor mostly lamelliform (in some species very differently expressed), moderately to strongly elongated distal portion, lateral margin folded along the whole length, terminal end (proximal, best viewed from retrolateral) mostly bifid, dividing it into a ventral (functional) and dorsal part (dorsal ending sometimes reduced to rounded bulge). Median apophysis elongated, consisting of membranous base and distal sclerite, which is spoon-, thorn-, or hook-like, or more complexly shaped. Epigynal plate strongly sclerotized with at least moderately distinct median plate with distinct lateral disruptions (lateral margin of median region); median plate may be interrupted transversally, forming a posterior sclerite. Epigynal teeth mostly absent; if present, expressed as ‘pseudo teeth’ (= elongation of lateral margin limiting median region) or denticles originating anteriorly of the genital openings. Vulva consists of one or two pairs of receptacula or only of a convoluted duct (in some species, the mergence of sclerotized parts can be observed); often with a less sclerotized segment at its origin. Fertilization ducts mostly only represented by short, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Comment</p> <p>Comprising 56 species most of which are limited to south-eastern Europe and western Asia. Some species, e.g. Teg. domestica, are globally distributed, most probably because of introductions by man.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E20EB676578BFD35C4431136	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E209B67A5752F9FAC4351153.text	BD701413E209B67A5752F9FAC4351153.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria achaea BRIGNOLI 1977	<div><p>TEGENARIA ACHAEA BRIGNOLI, 1977</p> <p>(FIG. 15A, B)</p> <p>Tegenaria achaea Brignoli, 1977b: 945, fig. 4, female.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype and paratype. Greece: North Aegean: Ikaria, ‘grotte Phutra to Nao, dans le massif Messaria près Petropoulion’, 2 ♀ (MHNG, Hel-75/27), 24.iv.1975, Hauser.</p> <p>KEY TO EUROPEAN TEGENARIA SPECIES</p> <p>Only European species are included in the key. The following species are excluded as material was unavailable for examination or insufficient: Tegenaria animata Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940, Tegenaria bayeri Kratochvíl, 1934, Tege- naria bosnica Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940, Tegenaria chumachenkoi Kovblyuk &amp; Ponomarev, 2008, Tegenaria decolorata Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940, Tegenaria maelfaiti Bosmans, 2011, Tegenaria oribata Simon, 1916, Tegenaria podoprygorai (Kovblyuk, 2006), Tegenaria scopifera Barrientos, Ribera &amp; Pons, 2002, and Tegenaria taurica Charitonov, 1947.</p> <p>As material was unavailable, the female of Tegenaria lapicidinarum Spassky, 1934, and the male of Tegenaria levantina Barrientos, 1981, are not included in the key.</p> <p>1. Male..............................................................................................................................................2</p> <p>-. Female.........................................................................................................................................35</p> <p>2. Row of several dorsal trichobothria on cymbium....................................................................................3</p> <p>-. Trichobothria on cymbium absent......................................................................................................12</p> <p>3 Tegular apophysis between tegulum and conductor present (e.g. Fig. 15G)................................................. 4</p> <p>-. Tegular apophysis absent.................................................................................................................. 6</p> <p>4. Tegular apophysis protruding only retrolaterad, ventral branch of RTA with indistinct rim and moderately protruding bulge..................................................................................................... Tegenaria eleonorae</p> <p>-. Tegular apophysis protruding also distally, ventral branch of RTA with distinct longitudinal rim...................5</p> <p>5. Ventral branch of RTA with long, drawn-out rim, almost as long as palp tibia, distal branch of conductor reaching two thirds of cymbium tip, distal segment of PMS shorter than basal segment.................. Tegenaria armigera</p> <p>-. Long, drawn-out rim of RTA relatively shorter than palp tibia, distal branch of conductor reaching one third of cymbium tip, distal segment of PMS longer than basal segment.................................... Tegenaria tyrrhenica</p> <p>6. Dorsal branch of RTA with two to three elongated spine-like points......................................................... 7</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA different...........................................................................................................8</p> <p>7. Distal portion of conductor transversal to cymbium...................................................... Tegenaria dalmatica</p> <p>-. Distal portion of conductor parallel to cymbium............................................................. Tegenaria ramblae</p> <p>8. Dorsal branch of RTA strongly protruding and pointed...........................................................................9</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA distally truncated and stepped........................................................................... 10</p> <p>9. Ventral branch of RTA distally not protruding, terminal end of conductor bifid (retrolateral view)............................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria femoralis</p> <p>-. Ventral branch of RTA distally tusk-like elongated and protruding, terminal end of conductor indistinctly bifid (retrolateral view).................................................................................................... Tegenaria annulata</p> <p>10 Conductor much shorter than cymbium....................................................................... Tegenaria parietina</p> <p>-. Conductor longer than three quarters of cymbium length...................................................................... 11</p> <p>11. Lateral branch of RTA distinctly truncated, flat, ventral portion of terminal end of conductor truncated..................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria ferruginea</p> <p>-. Lateral branch of RTA moderately pointed, longer than broad, ventral portion of terminal end of conductor pointed................................................................................................................... Tegenaria carensis</p> <p>12. Median apophysis with distal sclerite plate-, spoon-, or pocket-like........................................................ 13</p> <p>-. Median apophysis with distal sclerite forming a finger-, thorn-, or hook-like structure (can be in combination with a plate)........................................................................................................................................ 21</p> <p>13. RTA with dorsal and lateral branch equally long, dorsal branch distally truncated (Figs 14N, 16K, X), median apophysis long, band-like, protruding, distally moderately bent ventrad...................................................14</p> <p>-. RTA and median apophysis differently shaped.....................................................................................15</p> <p>14. Embolus short and distally truncated, distal portion of conductor only moderately elongated..................................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria domestica</p> <p>-. Embolus longer, filiform, distal portion of conductor longer than wide, conductor with bifid terminal end with very distinctively formed dorsal part...................................................................... Tegenaria annae sp. nov.</p> <p>15. Distal portion of conductor almost parallel to cymbium.........................................................................16</p> <p>-. Distal portion of conductor transversal to cymbium, elongated posteriad, RTA with a row of small denticles.................................................................................................................................. Tegenaria argaeica</p> <p>16. RTA with lobe-, bulge-, or rim-like dorsal branch.................................................................................17</p> <p>-. RTA with pointed branch/branches.................................................................................................... 18</p> <p>17. RTA with strongly protruding lobe- or rim-like dorsal branch, very distinctly formed terminal end of conductor, tegular apophysis absent, cymbium inconspicuous........................................................... Tegenaria hauseri</p> <p>-. RTA with bulge-like branches, terminal end of conductor inconspicuously pointed, lamelliform tegular apophysis present, cymbium conspicuously modified and distally elongated...................................... Tegenaria ariadnae</p> <p>18. Lateral branch of RTA shifted posteriad (originating median of the tibia), distant, strongly protruding, and pointed............................................................................................. Tegenaria vankeerorum sp. nov.</p> <p>-. Lateral branch of RTA different........................................................................................................19</p> <p>19. Conductor reduced to transparent lamelliform appendage.............................................. Tegenaria racovitzai</p> <p>-. Conductor stronger sclerotized, not only lamelliform............................................................................20</p> <p>20. RTA with two strongly sclerotized points, tegular apophysis absent.................................... Tegenaria hasperi</p> <p>-. RTA with only one strongly sclerotized point, tegular apophysis expressed as pocket-like structure.......................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria rhodiensis</p> <p>21. Ventral part of terminal end of conductor distinctly elongated and pointed (Fig. 18I, J, N, O), dorsal part complex...................................................................................................................................................22</p> <p>-. Terminal end of conductor different................................................................................................... 24</p> <p>22. RTA with massive protruding bulge, clearly visible in ventral view................ Tegenaria circeoensis sp. nov.</p> <p>-. RTA lobe- or moderately bulge-like, may be distally bent...................................................................... 23</p> <p>23. RTA distally not bent, dorsal part of terminal end of conductor convex ‘rounded’............. Tegenaria parmenidis</p> <p>-. RTA distally bent, dorsal part of terminal end of conductor concave or straight................ Tegenaria sbordonii</p> <p>24. Dorsal branch of RTA broadly elongated and protruding, distally bifid (Fig. 17P)............................. Tegenaria campestris, Tegenaria bozhkovi, Tegenaria montana, Tegenaria rilaensis (see comment sub Teg. rilaensis)</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA differently shaped or absent...............................................................................25</p> <p>25. Lateral branch of RTA broad and strongly protruding, distally with a straight, truncated ventral part and a strongly elongated, finger-shaped dorsal protuberance, conductor and median apophysis strongly elongated and narrowly pointed, hook-like (Figs 14K–L, 15V–W)..................................... Tegenaria schoenhoferi sp. nov.</p> <p>-. Lateral branch of RTA different, conductor and/or median apophysis not strongly elongated and narrowly pointed, hook-like.......................................................................................................................................26</p> <p>26. Tegulum medially strongly protruding (Figs 19B–C, 20B, K)..................................................................27</p> <p>-. No distinct protuberance medially at the tegulum................................................................................28</p> <p>27. Dorsal branch of RTA truncated, median protrusion of tegulum more or less constantly rounded (Fig. 20B), distal end of conductor moderately bent ventrad (lateral view)................................................. Tegenaria silvestris</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA hook-like, pointed, and distally bent ventrad, median protrusion of tegulum bent distally (Fig. 20K), distal portion of conductor straight (lateral view)............................................. Tegenaria parvula</p> <p>28. Embolus relatively short, not exceeding cymbium width or truncated......................................................29</p> <p>-. Embolus long, filiform.....................................................................................................................31</p> <p>29. Terminal end of embolus truncated.............................................................................. Tegenaria mirifica</p> <p>-. Terminal end of embolus pointed...................................................................................................... 30</p> <p>30. Conductor with distinctly protruding dorsal portion, terminal end of conductor bifid, RTA with two protruding points............................................................................................................ Tegenaria mercanturensis</p> <p>-. Dorsal portion of conductor not protruding, terminal end of conductor with only one point, RTA different. Tegenaria percuriosa</p> <p>31. Conductor parallel to cymbium.........................................................................................................32</p> <p>-. Dorsal portion of conductor transversal to cymbium......................................................... Tegenaria pagana</p> <p>32. Distal branch of RTA distinctly leaf-shaped............................................................... Tegenaria regispyrrhi</p> <p>-. Distal branch of RTA different..........................................................................................................33</p> <p>33. Dorsal branch of RTA hook-like, pointing anteriad, distinct rim at conductor present............. Tegenaria henroti</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA pointed, straight, or distally bent ventroposteriad..................................................34</p> <p>34. Dorsal branch of RTA pointed and distally bent ventroposteriad, terminal end of conductor bifid............................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria tridentina</p> <p>-. Dorsal branch of RTA pointed but not bent, terminal end of conductor with one point only................................................................................................................................................. Tegenaria lapicidinarum</p> <p>35. Row of several dorsal trichobothria present on palp tarsus....................................................................36</p> <p>-. Trichobothria on palp tarsus absent...................................................................................................45</p> <p>36. Epigyne with distinct band- or bar-like posterior sclerite with anterior margin concave.............................37</p> <p>-. Epigyne without posterior sclerite or with sclerite with anterior margin convex........................................ 40</p> <p>37. Posterior sclerite posteriorly protruding along its whole width (Fig. 16Q)............................ Tegenaria carensis</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite with straight posterior margin or only medially protruding............................................38</p> <p>38. Posterior sclerite medially almost half as long as wide.................................................... Tegenaria ramblae</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite medially much shorter than wide.............................................................................. 39</p> <p>39. Lateral margins of the median region of the epigyne follows distinctly the run of the posterior sclerite (especially anteriorly, Fig. 21J, white arrow), vulva strongly convoluted (in two spirals), separated by less than two duct diameters, more than three in Teg. parietina)............................................................. Tegenaria ferruginea</p> <p>-. Lateral margins of the median region of the epigyne runs toward the middle of the epigyne (Fig. 21P, white arrow), vulva less convoluted (especially first spiral), separated by more than three duct diameters.......................................................................................................................................................Tegenaria parietina</p> <p>40. Epigyne with well-separated posterior sclerite, expressed as large plate or bulge.......................................41</p> <p>-. Epigyne without posterior sclerite or with median plate distinctly connected to epigynal plate (anteriorly) or with broad opening posteriorly.................................................................................................................43</p> <p>41. Posterior sclerite expressed as a large plate, copulatory openings laterally of this plate (Fig. 20Q)............................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria eleonorae</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite bulge-like..............................................................................................................42</p> <p>42. Posterior sclerite globular bulge-like, copulatory openings laterally, vulva with strongly convoluted ducts, almost touching each other................................................................................................ Tegenaria tyrrhenica</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite trapezoidal bulge-like, copulatory openings anteriorly, vulva distinctly convoluted, well sepa- rated..................................................................................................................... Tegenaria annulata</p> <p>43. Epigyne with broad posterior opening (Fig. 15I, white arrow).......................................... Tegenaria armigera</p> <p>-. Epigyne median plate distinctly connected to epigynal plate (anteriorly).................................................. 44</p> <p>44. Median plate moderately protruding, suboval, distinctly round, or oval copulatory openings anteriorly of median plate.................................................................................................................... Tegenaria dalmatica</p> <p>-. Median plate not protruding, subrectangular, pocket-like copulatory openings visible anteriorly of median plate..................................................................................................................... Tegenaria femoralis</p> <p>45. Very distinct epigyne, anteriomedially with a narrow rectangular septum, posteriorly with a semicircle-shaped pocket, opening anteriad (Fig. 17D)............................................................................... Tegenaria hauseri</p> <p>-. Different.......................................................................................................................................46</p> <p>46. Epigyne with a distinct, strongly sclerotized transversal rim forming a pocket, opening posteriad, copulatory opening anteriolaterally of this structure (Fig. 24A, E, G, I)............ Tegenaria regispyrrhi (incl. aff. regispyrrhi)</p> <p>-. Different.......................................................................................................................................47</p> <p>47. Epigyne with protruding median plate, suboval, anteriolaterally with distinct pockets, opening medioposteriad (Fig. 23P, R, T, V)...................................................................................................... Tegenaria pagana</p> <p>-. Different.......................................................................................................................................48</p> <p>48 Epigyne with a distinct posterior sclerite, expressed as bar-, bulge-, or plate-like structure.........................49</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite absent or strongly fused with epigynal plate............................................................... 59</p> <p>49. Very complex vulva with two receptaculi and convoluted duct, indistinct small epigynal teeth at the anteriolateral margin of median region sometimes present (Figs 15E–F, 18G–H).................................... Tegenaria argaeica</p> <p>-. Vulva less complex, no epigynal teeth or only ‘pseudo teeth’ present....................................................... 50</p> <p>50. Posterior sclerite expressed as plate-like structure reaching the anterior margin of median region or bulge-like with anterior margin convex, ‘pseudo teeth’ present............................................................................. 51</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite expressed as a bar-like structure with anterior margin straight or concave...................... 52</p> <p>51. Posterior sclerite expressed as plate-like structure reaching the anterior margin of median region, ‘pseudo teeth’ absent...................................................................................................................... Tegenaria henroti</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite bulge-like with anterior margin convex, large, reddish receptaculi visible through epigynal plate, ‘pseudo teeth’ present............................................................................................. Tegenaria racovitzai</p> <p>52. ‘Pseudo teeth’ present..................................................................................................................... 53</p> <p>-. ‘Pseudo teeth’ absent.......................................................................................................................54</p> <p>53. CL longer than 3.5 mm, vulva as long as wide............................................................ Tegenaria domestica</p> <p>-. CL shorter than 3.5 mm, vulva twice as long as wide......................................... Tegenaria annae sp. nov.</p> <p>54. Posterior sclerite broad, pocket-like or narrow, semicircularly shaped, protruding posteriad.........................55</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite broad, bar- or bulge-like, only inconspicuously protruding..............................................56</p> <p>55. Posterior sclerite broad, pocket-like, protruding, vulva globularly shaped............................. Tegenaria achaea</p> <p>-. Posterior sclerite narrow, semicircularly shaped, protruding posteriad, vulva with distinct appendages, visible through the epigynal plate...................................................................................... Tegenaria percuriosa</p> <p>56. Distal margin of posterior sclerite straight.............................................................. Tegenaria faniapollinis</p> <p>-. Distal margin of posterior sclerite concave..........................................................................................57</p> <p>57. Distal margin of posterior sclerite only moderately concave, as wide as deep, vulva spherical........................................................................................................................................................ Tegenaria pieperi</p> <p>-. Distal margin of posterior sclerite distinctly concave, vulvae without distinguishable RC, duct-like.............. 58</p> <p>58. Distal margin of posterior sclerite distinctly concave, semicircularly shaped, anteriorly of posterior sclerite without septum (Fig. 23C)................................................................................................... Tegenaria tridentina</p> <p>-. Anteriorly of posterior sclerite with a very distinct, tongue-like shaped median septum (Fig. 23I)............................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria levantina</p> <p>59. Epigyne with distinct epigynal teeth, originating at the posterior margin of the median plate or ‘pseudo teeth’ (distally pointed projections of lateral margin of median region).............................................................60</p> <p>-. Epigyne without epigynal teeth........................................................................................................ 61</p> <p>60. Epigynal teeth, originating at the posterior margin of the median plate..........................Tegenaria rhodiensis</p> <p>-. ‘Pseudo teeth’ (distally pointed projections of lateral margin of median region) present.......................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria pindosiensis sp. nov.</p> <p>61. Epigyne distinctly ‘half-mask’-shaped (Fig. 16A), vulva as in Figures 14I, 16B.................................................................................................................................................. Tegenaria montiszasensis sp. nov.</p> <p>-. Character combination different........................................................................................................62</p> <p>62. Epigyne very distinct (Fig. 17U), distal segment of PLS almost two x longer than basal segment............................................................................................................................................ Tegenaria schmalfussi</p> <p>-. Character combination different........................................................................................................63</p> <p>63. Epigynal median region anteriorly continuously separated from the epigynal plate by a distinctly sclerotized rim (Fig. 22Q, white arrow)................................................................................................................... 64</p> <p>-. Distinct separation of the median region by a sclerotized rim absent...................................................... 68</p> <p>64. Median region oval, no pocket expressed, vulva subrectangular shaped.............................. Tegenaria mirifica</p> <p>-. Median region rectangular or trapezoidal shaped, vulva globular or suboval shaped.................................. 65</p> <p>65. Median region with a distinct pocket in the middle, opening anteriad..................................................... 66</p> <p>-. Median region without median pocket................................................................................................67</p> <p>66. Copulatory openings are located at the lateral sides of the median pocket........................ Tegenaria sbordonii</p> <p>-. Copulatory openings are much more anteriorly located (Fig. 18P).................................. Tegenaria parmenidis</p> <p>67. Copulatory openings originating distant from the lateral rim, no lateral pockets developed...................................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria capolongoi</p> <p>-. Copulatory openings originating right at the lateral rim, distinct pockets posteriorly of the copulatory openings at the lateral rim present........................................................................... Tegenaria circeoensis sp. nov.</p> <p>68. Distinct median plate, smoothly sclerotized, vulva developed as a strongly convoluted duct.........................69</p> <p>-. Median plate distinct or indistinct, mostly irregularly sclerotized, vulva globular or irregularly shaped, never only duct-like.......................................................................................................................................71</p> <p>69. Epigynal median plate almost as long as wide, epigyne and vulva as in Figures 19D–I, 20C–E, H, I, L–M....70</p> <p>-. Epigynal median plate wider than long (Fig. 17H, I)....... Tegenaria campestris complex (Deltshev, 1993, 2008b)</p> <p>70. Epigyne and vulva as in Figure 20L, M, genital openings distinct..................................... Tegenaria parvula</p> <p>-. Epigyne and vulva as in Figures 19D–I, 20C–E, H, I..................................................... Tegenaria silvestris</p> <p>71. Median plate strongly and irregularly sclerotized, very large and distinct copulatory openings............................................................................................................................................ Tegenaria mercanturensis</p> <p>-. Character combination different........................................................................................................72</p> <p>72. Strongly sclerotized epigyne, copulatory openings triangular or almond-like shaped, vulva suboval shaped................................................................................................................................... Tegenaria ariadnae</p> <p>-. Epigyne less sclerotized without distinct median plate, vulva irregularly formed or with convoluted fertilization duct.............................................................................................................................................73</p> <p>73. Indistinct median region rectangular shaped, copulatory openings at the anterior border of this area, most often plugged, vulva very distinctly shaped (Fig. 15N).............................................................. Tegenaria hasperi</p> <p>-. Median region trapezoidal shaped, copulatory opening laterally of this area, ducts and receptaculi clearly visible through the epigynal plate, vulva with broad copulatory ducts, small globular receptaculum, and convoluted fertilization duct (Figs 17X–Z, 19N, O)........................................................... Tegenaria croatia sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>General description was provided by Brignoli (1977b). Following his statement on page 945, ‘Misura: (in mm, leggermente approssimate):...’ (Measurement: (in mm, approximately):...) (1977b: 945), the two females were remeasured and the values given here: Female (N = 2): CL 2.03–2.60, CW 1.46–1.91, STL 1.01–1.33, STW 1.01–1.15, OL 3.72, OW 2.69. Leg I (3.41, 1.04, 3.22, 3.3, 1.9), II (2.54–2.75, 0.78–0.92, 2.22–2.68, 2.33–3.05, 1.36–1.53), III (2.15, 0.66, 1.89, 2.3, 1.15), IV (2.68–3.56, 0.76–0.96, 2.48–3.26, 3.14– 4.08, 1.37–1.57). Palp (0.99–1.31, 0.35–0.51, 0.79– 0.92, 0.88–1.19). Eyes: PME 0.08, PLE 0.09, AME 0.06, ALE: 0.09. Eye distances: PME–PME 1.5 x PME, PME–AME 1.5 x PME, PME–PLE 1.5 x PME,</p> <p>PME–ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME–AME 1 x AME, AME– ALE 1 x AME.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the island of Ikaria, Greece.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E209B67A5752F9FAC4351153	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E205B6785763F90DC32E1410.text	BD701413E205B6785763F90DC32E1410.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria advena (C. L. KOCH 1841)	<div><p>TEGENARIA ADVENA (C. L. KOCH, 1841)</p> <p>NOMEN DUBIUM</p> <p>Philoica advena C. L. Koch, 1841: 57, 58, pl. 268, fig. 633, female.</p> <p>Clubiona advena: Walckenaer, 1847: 440.</p> <p>Tegenaria advena: Simon, 1937: 1039.</p> <p>No material available.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>When describing Teg. advena (C. L. Koch, 1841; sub Philoica advena), C. L. Koch (1841: 58) used almost exclusively colour characters of a specimen preserved in ethanol. Simon (1937: 1039) mentioned that the relevant specimen may be a juvenile of E. atrica (C. L. Koch, 1843; sub Tegenaria), and Trotta (2005: 74), based on a personal communication from K. Thaler, that Teg. advena is a species inquirenda. No type material could be traced, and we consider Teg. advena (C. L. Koch, 1841) a nomen dubium.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E205B6785763F90DC32E1410	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E207B678548AFCDDC39C125D.text	BD701413E207B678548AFCDDC39C125D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria animata KRATOCHVIL & MILLER 1940	<div><p>TEGENARIA ANIMATA KRATOCHVÍL &amp; MILLER, 1940</p> <p>Tegenaria animata Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940: 196– 198, fig. 4, female.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria animata: Lehtinen, 1967: 261; transfer doubted by Brignoli (1971a: 61); rejected by Bolzern et al. (2010).</p> <p>No material examined. Type material probably lost (see Ruzicka et al., 2005).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A very detailed description, including measurements, was provided by Kratochvíl &amp; Miller (1940).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Serbia and Montenegro, and Macedonia (van Helsdingen, 2011; Platnick, 2012).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E207B678548AFCDDC39C125D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E207B67E5488FAEAC3A211A1.text	BD701413E207B67E5488FAEAC3A211A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria annae Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA ANNAE SP. NOV. (FIGS 14M–P, 16E–K)</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Euboea (Evvoia): Monastery ‘ Osios David’, ♂ (ex. coll. van Keer, 2050, NMB-ARAN 21000), 10.v.2001, van Keer &amp; van Keer.</p> <p>Paratype. Same data as holotype, ♀ (NMB-ARAN 21001; Paralia Hiliadou (= Paralia Chiliadou), 2 ♀ (ex coll. van Keer, 2046, RBINS), 9.v.2001, van Keer &amp; van Keer; Oros Dirfis, ♂ (MSNB, 002), 29.v.1998, Giachino &amp; Vailati.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The species is named after the youngest sister of Johan and Koen van Keer (Belgium), Ann van Keer. It was the wish of Ann’s brothers to dedicate a new spider species to her as a special gift.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The dorsal part of the bifid terminal end of the conductor and the RTA with its round and plate-like ventral branch are two very distinctive characters for the determination of Teg. annae sp. nov. and not confusable with other known species so far. Females do show close similarity in genitalia with Teg. domestica but can be separated from this species by the distinctly oval vulva (more irregularly globular in Teg. domestica).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 3.40–3.46, CW 2.65– 2.81, STL 1.71–1.73, STW 1.63–1.66, OL 4.12–4.42, OW 2.66–3.03. Leg I (3.91–4.18, 1.29–1.38, 3.64–3.82, 3.91–4.29, 2.29–2.50), II (3.74–3.87, 1.26–1.37, 3.07– 3.36, 3.54–3.99, 1.98–2.24), III (3.64–3.73, 1.31–1.35, 3.09–3.16, 3.81–3.84, 1.70–1.89), IV (4.37–4.62, 1.08– 1.35, 3.84–4.04, 4.85–4.98, 1.91–2.17). Pedipalp (1.32– 1.39, 0.51–0.52, 0.50–0.54, 1.45–1.49), bulbL 0.86– 0.98. Female (N = 2): CL 2.39–2.99, CW 1.80–2.24, STL 1.17–1.55, STW 1.12–1.38, OL 2.95–3.34, OW 1.94–2.27. Leg I (2.42–3.02, 0.87–1.10, 2.24–2.77, 2.32–2.91, 1.49–1.83), II (2.14–2.78, 0.75–0.99, 1.97– 2.39, 2.06–2.60, 1.26–1.56), III (2.06–2.73, 0.66–0.88, 1.75–2.03, 1.95–2.64, 0.89–1.31), IV (2.67–3.38, 0.82– 0.86, 2.45–3.15, 2.83–3.57, 1.31–1.50). Pedipalp (0.92– 1.21, 0.41–0.54, 0.61–0.82, 0.99–1.27). EPL 0.42, EPW 0.56–0.69, ATL 0.08–0.09, ATW 0.27–0.34. Eyes: PME 0.12–0.16, PLE 0.14–0.17, AME 0.09–0.14, ALE 0.12– 0.16. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME– AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME– ALE 1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch broad round and plate-like, lateroventral ridge clearly visible, lateral and dorsal branch equally long elongated, lateral branch moderately pointed, dorsal branch distally broad truncated. Filiform embolus length about 1.5 x CB, originating at 9 o’clock position, distal tip at 2–3 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion distinctly elongated, longer than wide, lateral margin almost completely folded. Terminal end strongly sclerotized and bifid, ventral part simple and pointed, dorsal part with distinct lobe-like protrusion, bent ventrad. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 6 o’clock position, protruding, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite expressed as sclerotized bar with concave anterior margin, limiting median area posteriorly. CO between and laterally of the membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ present. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD leading into oblong globular, irregularly formed RC, almost touching each other anteriorly. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four teeth, retromargin with four equally sized teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria at palp tarsus and cymbium absent. Tarsal trichobothria six to eight. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 2–1–0–0, 2–0–0, 0–2–0–0), female palp (1–0–0–0 or 2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–1–2–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–1–2–0 or 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0, 1–2–1–0 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0, except holotype with 2–0–1 at leg IV), tibiae (2–1–0–2p or 2–2–0–2p+1 or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–0–2+1p or 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2– 3p, 2–2–1–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1 or 0–1–1– 3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1 or 0–2–0–3p+1 or 0–1–1–3p+1 or 0–2–1–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1 or 1–3–3– 3p+1), tarsi (all 0 or III and IV 0–1–0–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace continuously darkened, dorsally with two longitudinal symmetrical dark bands. Sternum with distinct pale median band and lateral three symmetrical pale dots, most posterior pair may be fused with median band. Opisthosoma dark brownish with yellowish median band (also with indistinct, paler lateral bands) and one to two symmetrical lateral spots, continuing in chevrons posteriad. Legs annulated. ALS darkened, PLS with dark basal and pale distal segment.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from two localities in Greece, Evvoia.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E207B67E5488FAEAC3A211A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E201B67F54DDF960C3C31157.text	BD701413E201B67F54DDF960C3C31157.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria annulata Kulczynski 1913	<div><p>TEGENARIA ANNULATA KULCZYŃSKI, 1913 STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIGS 14J, 15R–U)</p> <p>Tegenaria annulata Kulczyn´ ski, 1913: 6–10, female; Kulczyn´ ski, 1914: 381, pl. 16, figs 48, 51, 52, male.</p> <p>Malthonica annulata: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164. No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Croatia (?) (1 ♀); Bosnia-Herzegovina (3 ♂, 5 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 3.58, CW 2.62, STL 1.81, STW 1.79. Leg I (6.29, 1.63, 6.32, 6.93, 2.74), II (5.35, 1.51, 5.04, 6.1, 2.24), III (4.64, 1.34, 3.90, 5.49, 1.92), IV (5.69, 1.47, 5.16, 7.23, 2.52). Pedipalp (2.09, 0.69, 0.78, 1.76), bulbL 1.52. Female (N = 1): CL 5.33, CW 3.89, STL 2.51, STW 2.24. Leg I (7.46, 2.27, 6.80, 7.86, 3.20), II (6.68, 1.88, 6.10, 6.62, 2.61), III (5.94, 1.84, 4.75, 6.44, 2.44), IV (9.02, 2.62, 7.85, 8.40, 2.76). Pedipalp (2.35, 0.94, 1.40, 2.37). EPL 0.82, EPW 1.10, ATL 0.42, ATW 0.56. Eyes: PME 0.18–0.21, PLE 0.19– 0.22, AME 0.15–0.19, ALE 0.19–0.24. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME– PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME– AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–2.5 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch distally tusk-like elongated, ventrally forming distinct ridge, reaching almost three quarters of tibia length, lateral branch short and simple pointed, pale, dorsal branch broad and strongly sclerotized, distally obliquely truncated and moderately pointed. Filiform embolus length longer than 2.5 x CB, originating at 6–7 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion conspicuously narrow and strongly elongated, distally moderately bent, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end indistinctly bifid, ventral part simple and pointed or moderately truncated, dorsal part forms indistinct protuberance. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized, distinctly arch-like shaped. MA originating at 5 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct median area, posterior sclerite expressed as a trapezoidal sclerotized bulge. CO anteriorly of posterior sclerite, anteriolaterally limited by moderately protruding, distinctly sclerotized massive margin of the epigynal plate. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of CBD, strongly convoluted, no distinct RC recognizable. CBD well separated from each other. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with four to five teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin straight. Female with two minor ampullate and four cylindrical gland spigots distally on PMS, two medially prominent and four laterally (two on both sides). PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus present. Tarsal trichobothria seven to ten. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 15. Leg spination: male palp (2–1–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0 or 2–2–0–0), female palp (2–1–1–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (1–3–2–0 or 1–4–2–0 or 1–4–4–0 or 2–3–2–0, 1–3–2–0 or 2–3– 2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 1–3–2–0, 1–1–1–0 or 1–2–1–0 or 1–3–2–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0 or 0–0–0–2, 0–1–0–0 or 0–1–0–2 or 0–2–0–2, 2–2–1–3 or 2–2–2– 2+1p or 2–2–2–2p, 2–1–1–1+2p or 2–1–1–2+1p or 2–2–1–2+1p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p or 0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–1p+1+1p+1 or 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–2–3p+1 or 0–3–2–3p+1, 0–2–3–1+3p+1), tarsi (I and II 0, III and IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace narrowly darkened with three distinctly crescent-shaped spots, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally, moderately fused together. Opisthosoma pale yellowish (may be a result of alcohol preservation) with many dark spots, one or two pairs of symmetrical white spots anteriorly, posteriorly with chevrons. Legs annulated. Colulus, ALS, and basal segment of PLS darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia and Montenegro (Platnick, 2012).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As discussed by Brignoli (1971a) and Bolzern et al. (2010), this species is most closely related to species referred to Pseudotegenaria by Lehtinen (1967) (here referred to as the annulata- complex, together with Teg. animata, Teg. bayeri, Teg. bosnica, and Teg. decolorata) and to Teg. tridentina (see Simon, 1937). This relationship is based on morphology and for Teg. tridentina also on DNA. Owing to the unavailability of material these species cannot be diagnosed here.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E201B67F54DDF960C3C31157	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E200B6025746FF52C32E13B5.text	BD701413E200B6025746FF52C32E13B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria argaeica NOSEK 1905	<div><p>TEGENARIA ARGAEICA NOSEK, 1905 STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIGS 15C–F, 18G, H)</p> <p>Tegenaria argaeica Nosek, 1905: 136–138, pl. IV, fig. 15a, b.</p> <p>Tegenaria boitanii Brignoli, 1978c: 518, 519, figs 94, 95, only female (misidentification); the male belongs to Tegenaria percuriosa Brignoli, 1972 (see Gasparo, 2007).</p> <p>Malthonica argaeica: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes. Turkey: Kayseri: ‘ Asia Minor: Erdschias Dagh, Nordseite’, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW), v.1902, Penther. Sub Tegenaria boitanii: Paratypes. Turkey: Ankara: Kizilcahamam, 2 ♀ (MCSN, 544), 16.vii.1971, Brignoli; Bolu: Abant, 1 ♀ (MHNG), 17.vii.1971, Brignoli.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Turkey (2 ♂).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria argaeica is closely related to Tegenaria lyncea Brignoli, 1978, and Tegenaria pseudolyncea Guseinov, Marusik &amp; Koponen, 2005. Useful figures of both related species were provided by Guseinov et al. [2005: figs 57, 58, 63–68, 122–123 (Teg. lyncea), 51, 53–56, 59–62, 100, 101, 125 (Teg. pseudolyncea)]. The most important characters for the separation of Teg. argaeica are the small denticles at the dorsal branch of the RTA (absent in the other species), and the much longer and stronger convoluted duct of the vulva (shorter and less convoluted in the other species).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Nosek (1905) provided a very detailed description of this species, including measurements and leg spination patterns. This description is sufficient except for the drawing of the epigyne. Good pictures of the male palp are, for example, the SEM photographs provided by Seyyar, Demir &amp; Topçu (2008).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from central/northern Turkey. Its occurrence in Bulgaria (Drensky, 1942) is doubtful, because</p> <p>no reference or newly collected specimens are available (Deltshev, 1993).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The original description of Teg. argaeica is very detailed and precise. However, the drawing of the epigyne (Nosek, 1905: plate IV, fig. 15b) does not correspond to the female paratype. Drensky (1942) listed the species from Bulgaria and provided a drawing of the epigyne, which he may have copied from Nosek (Brignoli, 1978c). The specimens from Drensky’s work are not available for examination (Deltshev, 1993). Seyyar et al. (2008) redescribed Teg. argaeica without mentioning this problem.</p> <p>Based on the examination of fresh material, Gasparo (2007) showed that the Teg. boitanii of previous authors is a mixture of species (males not conspecific with females). The male holotype of Teg. boitanii corresponds to Teg. percuriosa, with which he synonymized Teg. boitanii. He further mentioned that females of Teg. boitanii sensu auct. may represent an undescribed species. The examination of the paratype of Teg. argaeica and the two females of Teg. boitanii from Kizilcahamam showed that they are conspecific. Additionally, the descriptions of female Teg. boitanii and Teg. argaeica match each other (Nosek, 1905; Brignoli, 1978c).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E200B6025746FF52C32E13B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27DB60354F4FB4DC0AB118C.text	BD701413E27DB60354F4FB4DC0AB118C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria ariadnae Brignoli 1984	<div><p>TEGENARIA ARIADNAE BRIGNOLI, 1984</p> <p>(FIGS 14Q–T, 16C, D, L–N)</p> <p>Tegenaria ariadnae Brignoli, 1984: 305, 306, fig. 28, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria labyrinthi Brignoli, 1984: 306, 307, fig. 30, female, syn. nov.</p> <p>First description of male.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype and paratype. Greece: Crete: Perama, grotte ‘Melidoni spilia’, 3 ♀ (MHNG, Kar 79-17; paratype, MCSN, 542), 14.iii.1979, Hauser.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria labyrinthi: holotype. Greece: Crete: ‘ Heraklion, Risorgenza di Almiros’, Gazi, ♀ (MCSN, 542), 21.viii.1974, Sbordoni.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece (4 ♂, 16 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 3.76, CW 2.94, STL 1.92, STW 1.70, OL 4.61, OW 2.78. Leg I (7.33, 1.51, 7.41, 7.49, 3.61), II (6.51, 1.44, 6.37, 7.52, 3.09), III (5.75, 1.42, 5.49, 7.21, 2.6), IV (6.79, 1.33, 6.74, 9.01, 3.15). Pedipalp (3.03, 1.06, 1.35, 1.72), bulbL 0.94. Female (N = 2): CL 4.45–4.64, CW 3.17–3.33, STL 2.16–2.24, STW 1.93–1.97, OL 5.30, OW 3.72. Leg I (7.28–7.55, 1.82–1.84, 7.07–7.44, 7.66–7.85, 3.41– 3.63), II (6.76–6.86, 1.81, 6.1–6.37, 6.97–7.04, 3.03– 3.10), III (6.15–6.36, 1.58–1.63, 5.46–5.7, 6.99–7.01, 2.55–2.65), IV (6.98–7.22, 1.65–1.78, 6.66–7.29, 7.49– 9.32, 2.82–3.09). Pedipalp (2.57–2.74, 0.98–0.99, 1.70– 1.80, 2.12–2.17). EPL 0.43–0.5, EPW 0.81–0.82, ATL 0.17–0.30, ATW 0.33–0.55. Eyes: PME 0.11–0.15, PLE 0.14–0.16, AME 0.11–0.12, ALE 0.16–0.18. Eye distances: PME–PME 1–2 x PME, PME–AME 0.5– 1.5 x PME, PME–PLE 1–2 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5– 1.5 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE 0.5–1 x AME. CLY1 2–3 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: Cymbium modified, dorsobasally with a depression, distally narrowly elongated. RTA with two branches, lateral branch basally strongly sclerotized, moderately fused with the lateroventral ridge, distally membranous, protruding, very close to the dorsal branch, which is protruding and strongly sclerotized, distally flattened, and broadly rounded. Filiform embolus length about same as CB, originating at 8 o’clock position, distal tip at 2 o’clock position. Conductor triangularly shaped, distal portion elongated, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end with moderately protruding dorsal bulge, ventral part short and pointed. Tegular apophysis present, lamelliform, protruding basally of conductor. Connection of conductor to tegulum membranous. MA originating at 5 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with plate-like sclerite, tapered. MA membranously connected to tegulum.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigynal plate strongly sclerotized. Posterior sclerite absent. CO at anterior border of median area, triangular or almond-like shaped holes, surrounded by moderately protruding margin, distinctly sclerotized. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD very short leading into oblong globular and smoothly sclerotized RC, separated by 1.5–2 x their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with three to four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to ten. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 11–13. Leg spination: male palp (3–1–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0), female palp (3–1–0–0. 2–0–0, 2–1p+1–0–0), leg femora (2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0 or 2–5–4–0, 2–4–2–0 or 2–4–3–0 or 2–4–4–0 or 2–5–4–0, 2–2–2–0 or 2–2–3–0 or 2–3–3–0 or 2–3–4–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–1–2–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–2–2–2 or 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2– 2–2p, 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2–2–2p, 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2– 2–1+1p+1 or 2–2–2–2, 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2–2–2 or 2–2–2–3), metatarsi (0–2–0–4p+1 or 0–1–1–3p+1, 0–1–1–3p+1 or 0–2–1–3p+1, 0–3–2–3p+1 or 0–3–3– 3p+1 or 2–3–2–3p+1, 1–3–3–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace lacking distinct patterns, only head region and femora of leg I and II in males moderately more darkly sclerotized. Sternum uniform with only slightly pale median region. Opisthosoma bright yellowish, anteriomedian with pale area surrounded by a very weakly pronounced pattern of dark pigments, inconspicuously continuing in broad chevrons posteriad. Legs not annulated. ALS indistinctly darkened, PLS basal segment darkened, distal segment pale or all spinnerets pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Endemic to Greece: Crete (in caves).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Based on the examination of a series of recently collected specimens along with the types of Teg. ariadnae and Teg. labyrinthi, the two are synonymized here. The epigynal characters used by Brignoli (1984) to diagnose the two species fall within the range of variation of the recently collected material. Fulvio Gasparo drew the same conclusion with males that he had collected (pers. comm., 2009).</p> <p>Tegenaria ariadnae was only found several metres inside the caves at points with hardly any light. Tegenaria parietina, in contrast, was captured at the entrance of both caves. The funnel webs of both species are attached either to stones on the ground or to the wall of the caves.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27DB60354F4FB4DC0AB118C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27CB60354AAF943C5ED14AD.text	BD701413E27CB60354AAF943C5ED14AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria armigera SIMON 1873	<div><p>TEGENARIA ARMIGERA SIMON, 1873</p> <p>(FIG. 15G–J)</p> <p>Tegenaria armigera Simon, 1873: 140, 141, figs 82–87, female.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria armigera: Lehtinen, 1967: 261, transfer rejected by Brignoli (1971a).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes. France: Corsica: 1 ♂, many ♀ (MNHN, 1965, 460), Simon.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France: Corsica and Sardinia (7 ♂, 4 ♀); Italy (3 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description was provided by Heimer &amp; Müller (1988).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Corsica and Sardinia.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As mentioned by Heimer &amp; Müller (1988) the specimen, which had been found by Roewer on Sardinia (Roewer, 1953: 49), with the SMF-Nr. 10696 belongs to Teg. pagana. However, in contrast to their statement about Brignoli’s drawing and identification (Brignoli, 1971a), the specimens from Sardinia belong to Teg. armigera.</p> <p>As in other Tegenaria species, very great variation in size can be observed (e.g. Fig. 15J).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27CB60354AAF943C5ED14AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27CB603579EFC78C29411C6.text	BD701413E27CB603579EFC78C29411C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria bayeri KRATOCHVIL 1934	<div><p>TEGENARIA BAYERI KRATOCHVÍL, 1934</p> <p>Tegenaria bayeri Kratochvíl, 1934: 212, 213, fig. 19, female; Kratochvíl, 1935: 20, 21, pl. 2, figs 21, 22, male; Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940: 200, 201, fig. 5.1, male.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria bayeri: Lehtinen, 1967: 261; transfer doubted by Brignoli (1971a: 61); rejected by Bolzern et al. (2010).</p> <p>No material examined. The female holotype is preserved in the collection of the National Museum, Praha, Czech Republic (Ruzicka et al., 2005).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>This species belongs to the Teg. annulata species complex.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description, including measurements, was provided by Kratochvíl (1934, female; 1935, male).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia and Montenegro (van Helsdingen, 2011; Platnick, 2012).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27CB603579EFC78C29411C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27CB6005756F880C3D5145A.text	BD701413E27CB6005756F880C3D5145A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria bosnica KRATOCHVIL & MILLER 1940	<div><p>TEGENARIA BOSNICA KRATOCHVÍL &amp; MILLER, 1940</p> <p>Tegenaria bosnica Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940: 191– 196, figs 2, 3.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria bosnica: Lehtinen, 1967: 261; transfer doubted by Brignoli (1971a: 61); rejected by Bolzern et al. (2010).</p> <p>No type material available. Probably lost (see Ruzicka et al., 2005).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Serbia or Albania (1 ♂).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>This species belongs to the species complex around Teg. annulata.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A very detailed description, including measurements, was provided by Kratochvíl &amp; Miller (1940).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia and Montenegro (van Helsdingen, 2011; Platnick, 2012). Possibly also occurs in Albania.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27CB6005756F880C3D5145A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27FB60054C2FCE9C020115F.text	BD701413E27FB60054C2FCE9C020115F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria bozhkovi (DELTSHEV 2008)	<div><p>TEGENARIA BOZHKOVI (DELTSHEV, 2008) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>(FIG. 26H–J)</p> <p>Malthonica bozhkovi Deltshev, 2008b: 38–40, figs 1, 2, 5–8.</p> <p>No type material examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece (1 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis and description</p> <p>A detailed description was provided by Deltshev (2008b).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Bulgaria (West Rhodopy Mountains) (Deltshev, 2008b) and Greece (Falakron Mountains) (Wolf, 1998, sub Teg. cf. campestris).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Deltshev (2008b) suggested that Teg. bozhkovi forms, together with Teg. campestris, Teg. montana, and Teg. rilaensis, a ‘super species’ (cf. discussion under Teg. rilaensis).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27FB60054C2FCE9C020115F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27FB60154ADF9EEC00611B2.text	BD701413E27FB60154ADF9EEC00611B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria campestris (C. L. Koch 1834)	<div><p>TEGENARIA CAMPESTRIS (C. L. KOCH, 1834) STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIG. 26K, L, O, P)</p> <p>Aranea decemguttata Martini &amp; Goeze, in Lister (1778 (1792): 288) (nomen oblitum).</p> <p>Aranea campestris C. L. Koch, 1834: 124, pl. 20, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria campestris: C. L. Koch, 1841: 34, 35, figs 615, 616.</p> <p>Philoica campestris: Simon, 1864: 202.</p> <p>Malthonica campestris: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164. No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (21 ♂, 8 ♀); Germany (9 ♂, 8 ♀); Hungary (1 ♂, 2 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 3.68, CW 2.93, STL 1.90, STW 1.75, OL 4.02, OW 2.64. Leg I (3.52, 1.46, 3.12, 3.18, 2.00), II (3.41, 1.39, 2.59, 2.82, 1.59), III (3.12, 1.15, 2.20, 2.90, 1.42), IV (3.93, 1.35, 2.98, 3.84, 1.71). Pedipalp (1.59, 0.62, 0.51, 1.78), bulbL 1.49. Female (N = 1): CL 3.65, CW 2.79, STL 1.94, STW 1.77. Leg I (3.59, 1.41, 3.14, 3.02, 1.89), II (3.20, 1.36, 2.45, 2.71, 1.60), III (2.94, 1.16, 2.00, 2.55, 1.22), IV (3.94, 1.37, 3.03, 3.74, 1.71). Pedipalp (1.35, 0.62, 0.77, 1.56). EPL 0.40, EPW 0.65, ATL 0.26, ATW 0.38. Eyes: PME 0.18, PLE 0.19–0.21, AME 0.14–0.16, ALE 0.20–0.21. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch extensive, lobe-like with distinct ridge, distally moderately protruding, lateral branch spur-like and strongly sclerotized, dorsal branch broad and strongly protruding, distally with several points and ridges. Filiform embolus length about 2.5–3 x CB, originating at 7–8 o’clock position, distal tip at 4–5 o’clock position. Conductor in retrolateral view S-shaped, distal portion distinctly elongated, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part short and pointed, dorsal part plate-like, rounded. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with complex plate-like sclerite (short point and a longer hook-like ending). MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal portion of tegulum visible and undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct median plate, anteriomedially continuously connected to strongly sclerotized epigynal plate. Posterior sclerite absent. CO anteriorly of median plate, distinctly visible as gaps. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. First part (CD) of CBD less sclerotized and moderately convoluted, proximal part strongly convoluted and sclerotized. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with three to four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with distal margin straight or indistinctly notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria six to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I seven to ten. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2– 0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–1–0, 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 1–1–1–0 or 1–1–2–0 or 2–1–1– 0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–0–0–1+2p or 0–0–0– 1p+1+1p or 0–0–0–2p or 0–0–0–3p or 2–0–0–1+2p, 0–2–0–1+2p or 0–2–0–2+1p or 2–2–0–1+2p or 2–2–0– 2+1p, 2–2–2–1+2p or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2– 2–1+2p or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3p), metatarsi (0–0– 0–1+2p+1 or 0–0–0–3p+1, 0–2–0–1p+1+2p+1 or 0–2– 0–3p+1, 0–3–2–3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1+3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1 or 0–3–3–4p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III: 0–0– 1–0, IV: 0–0–1–0 or 0–1–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace narrowly darkened with three to four crescent-shaped spots, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands. Sternum with distinct pattern of pale median region and three pairs of symmetrical pale dots laterally, somewhat fused together. Chelicerae with distinct, darkened spots. Opisthosoma dark brownish, anteriomedially with yellowish band, continuing in broad chevrons posteriad. Legs annulated. ALS basally darkened, PLS basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Central Europe in the west to Azerbaijan in the east (Blick et al., 2004; Otto &amp; Dietzold, 2006; van Helsdingen, 2011).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Tegenaria campestris is part of a species-complex including Teg. montana, Teg. rilaensis, and the recently described Teg. bozhkovi (Deltshev, 1993; Deltshev, 2008b). The morphological differences amongst the species are very small. Owing to the limited number of specimens examined of Teg. montana, Teg. rilaensis, and Teg. bozhkovi, we could not judge if these differences represent inter- or intraspecific variation.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27FB60154ADF9EEC00611B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27EB60154FBF960C5111389.text	BD701413E27EB60154FBF960C5111389.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria capolongoi BRIGNOLI 1977	<div><p>TEGENARIA CAPOLONGOI BRIGNOLI, 1977</p> <p>(FIG. 22A, B)</p> <p>Tegenaria capolongoi Brignoli, 1977a: 51, 52, fig. 36, female.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Italy: Campania: San Sebastiano al Vesuvio, Grotticella vesuviana, ♀ (MCSN, 543), 19.iii.1973, Capolongo &amp; Cantilena.</p> <p>Paratype. Vico Egoansa, Grotta della Fontanello, ♀ (MHNG), 14.iv.1973, Capolongo &amp; Cantilena.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (1 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria capolongoi belongs to a species group together with Teg. circeoensis sp. nov., Teg. parmenidis, and Teg. sbordonii. The most useful characters for separating these species are the shape of the RTA, the bifid terminal end of the conductor, the presence/ absence of pockets at the median plate of the epigyne, and the location of the copulatory openings.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>The description, including measurements, was provided by Brignoli (1977a).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Italy (region around Naples, Campania).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Tegenaria capolongoi together with Teg. parmenidis, Teg. circeoensis sp. nov., and Teg. sbordonii form a morphologically well-defined species group, restricted to southern Italy.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27EB60154FBF960C5111389	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27EB6065790FB58C55614B6.text	BD701413E27EB6065790FB58C55614B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria carensis BARRIENTOS 1981	<div><p>TEGENARIA CARENSIS BARRIENTOS, 1981</p> <p>(FIGS 16O–R, 18D–F)</p> <p>Tegenaria carensis Barrientos, 1981: 16–19, figs 4–6, female.</p> <p>First description of male.</p> <p>No type material examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Spain: Catalonia: Cadi Moixero, 1 ♂ (UB), de Mas; Pedra Paret, Alsina d’Alinya, 1 ♀ (UB, 1869-75), 18.v.1970, Girona.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 2.86, CW 2.33, STL 1.50, STW 1.41, OL 3.59, OW 2.33. Leg I (4.00, 1.25, 3.50, 3.75, 2.30), II (3.80, 1.13, 3.20, 3.58, 1.92), III (3.54, 1.05, 2.75, 3.33, 1.62), IV (4.30, 1.14, 3.65, 4.65, 2.08), Pedipalp (1.54, 0.49, 0.61, 1.57), bulbL 1.40. Female (N = 1): CL 3.97, CW 2.94, STL 1.91, STW 1.88, OL 5.65, OW 3.69. Leg I (5.61, 1.66, 5.25, 5.53, 2.73), II (5.46, 1.61, 4.66, 5.24, 2.46), III (4.87, 1.46, 3.75, 5.05, 2.18), IV (5.87, 1.45, 5.26, 6.90, -). Pedipalp</p> <p>(1.86, 0.71, 1.18, 1.88). EPL 0.68, EPW 0.90, ATL 0.19, ATW 0.37. Eyes: PME 0.16–0.18, PLE 0.16–0.20, AME 0.12–0.13, ALE 0.15–0.18. Eye distances: PME– PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME ≤ 0.5 x AME, AME–ALE ≤ 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5– 2.5 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch long drawn-out lobe reaching more than two thirds of tibia length, with distinct lateral ridge, lateral branch strongly sclerotized, as broad as long, distally broadly pointed, dorsal branch broad and strongly sclerotized, distally obliquely truncated, and stepped. Filiform embolus length more than 3 x CB, originating at 7 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion strongly elongated, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end moderately bifid, ventral part simple flat pointed, dorsal part consists of indistinct small peak. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 5–6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook-like sclerite. MS membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible and undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct median region separated anteriorly from the epigynal plate by distinct rim. Median region membranous. Posterior sclerite expressed as strongly sclerotized, semicircular bar, limiting atrial area posteriorly. CO laterally between membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC. First part (CD) of CBD moderately sclerotized and convoluted around second part, which is strongly sclerotized and convoluted. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially moderately notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium present. Tarsal trichobothria seven to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 13. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0–0, 1–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 2–2–2–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0–0–0–1 or 0–0–0–1p, 0–1–0–2 or 0–2– 0–2, 1–2–1–2+1p or 1–2–2–2+1p, 1–2–2–2+1p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–0–0–2p+1 or 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–3– 3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III 0 or 0–0–1–0, IV 0 or 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with three connected narrow, crescent-shaped darkened spots, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, serrated and not continuous. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally. Opisthosoma yellowish with dark spots and indistinct chevrons dorsally. Legs annulated. Colulus and ALS indistinctly darkened, PLS with basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Catalonia (Tarragona and Gerona) and Castile and León (Burgos) in north-eastern Spain (Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Barrientos (1981) described only females of Teg. carensis. Based on somatic morphology (similar size, spination and coloration patterns), the geographical location, and resemblance to the closely related Teg. levantina (Barrientos, 1981; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986), the male described here is tentatively referred to Teg. carensis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27EB6065790FB58C55614B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E279B6065779FC63C46612AF.text	BD701413E279B6065779FC63C46612AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria chumachenkoi KOVBLYUK & PONOMAREV 2008	<div><p>TEGENARIA CHUMACHENKOI KOVBLYUK &amp; PONOMAREV, 2008</p> <p>Tegenaria chumachenkoi Kovblyuk &amp; Ponomarev, 2008: 147, figs 18–21, female.</p> <p>No material examined.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description, including measurements, was provided by Kovblyuk &amp; Ponomarev (2008).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Russia (Krasnodar province) in the western Caucasus (Kovblyuk &amp; Ponomarev, 2008).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E279B6065779FC63C46612AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E279B604579FFA6BC1E11348.text	BD701413E279B604579FFA6BC1E11348.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria circeoensis Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA CIRCEOENSIS SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 18I–M, 22L–S)</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Italy: Lazio: Frosinone, Esperia, ♂ (NMB-ARAN 21002, AB827), 4.vi.2007, Bolzern &amp; Mühlethaler.</p> <p>Paratype. Same data as for holotype, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ [1 ♀ was juvenile (juv.) until vii.2007, NMB-ARAN 21003, AB786, NMB-ARAN 21004, AB832]; Latina, at the street between Grotta delle Circeo and San Felice Circeo, 3 ♀ (NMB-ARAN 21005, AB463), 20.vii.2006, Bolzern &amp; Ramseyer; same location as previous, 12 ♀ (9 ♀ were juv. until vii.2007, NMB-ARAN 21006– 21012, AB717, 735, 784, 789, 826, 913, 911), 5.vi.2007, Bolzern &amp; Mühlethaler.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named after the very beautiful National Park near San Felice Circeo where some of the types were collected.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria circeoensis sp. nov. belongs to a species group together with Teg. capolongoi, Teg. parmenidis, and Teg. sbordonii. The most useful characters for separating these species are the shape of the RTA, the bifid terminal end of the conductor, the presence/ absence of pockets on the median plate of the epigyne, and the location of the copulatory openings.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (holotype): CL 4.71, CW 3.88, STL 1.85, STW 1.92, OL 4.80, OW 2.95. Leg I (6.21, 1.63, 6.17, 6.92, 3.30), II (4.38, 1.21, 4.07, 5.15, 2.30), III (5.04, 1.33, 4.17, 5.83, 2.21), IV (6.13, 1.47, 5.89, 7.81, 2.83), Pedipalp (1.93, 0.81, 0.86, 1.54), bulbL 0.95. Female (N = 2, paratypes): CL 3.22–3.53, CW 2.60–2.70, STL 1.64–1.69, STW 1.53–1.63, OL 5.46, OW 4.00. Leg I (4.10–4.43, 1.27–1.36, 3.77–4.05, 3.80– 4.20, 2.08–2.24), II (3.69–4.05, 1.17–1.26, 3.10–3.34, 3.33–3.75, 1.71–1.90), III (3.35–3.71, 1.09–1.12, 2.61– 2.97, 3.21–3.55, 1.44–1.81), IV (4.21–4.64, 1.24–1.25, 3.46–4.13, 4.23–4.68, 1.71–1.96). Pedipalp (1.36–1.58, 0.57–0.59, 0.89–0.93, 1.42–1.47). EPL 0.68, EPW 1.28, ATL 0.48, ATW 0.19. Eyes: PME 0.17–0.19, PLE 0.18– 0.19, AME 0.15–0.19, ALE 0.18–0.20. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two (possibly fused?) branches, ventral branch indistinct but with distinct ventral ridge, dorsolateral branch massive, strongly protruding, distally with distinctly stepped, anterioventrally orientated ridge. Length of filiform embolus equal CB or moderately longer, irregularly bent, originating at 8–9 o’clock position, distal tip at 2 o’clock position. Conductor very distinct and complex with distal portion moderately elongated, lateral margin completely folded, with bulge-like structure at the origin of the conductor. Terminal end bifid, ventral part distally simple and sharply pointed, dorsal part larger than ventral portion with a massive protuberance, elongated ventrad, distally with several small points and knolls. Connection of conductor to tegulum sclerotized. MA originating at 6 o’clock position, strongly protruding with long, hook-like sclerite. MA membra- nously connected to tegulum. Basal portion of tegulum visible and undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct, subrectangular median region, clearly separated from epigynal plate by sclerotized rim. Medially, this atrium is very smoothly sclerotized (although a septum was visible in a specimen found at the same place as the type specimens). Posterior sclerite absent. CO are distinct holes located at lateral rim. Posteriorly of CO, a distinct pocket is developed, opening anteriomediad. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short and straight, leading into globular, bean-like shaped, smoothly sclerotized RC, separated by more than 2 x their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with four teeth, in males the second proximal tooth smaller than the others. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin almost straight. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria six to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 10–11. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0), female palp (2–0– 0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (1–3– 2–0 or 2–2–1–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–4–2–0, 1–3–2–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 2–2–2–0, 1–0–0–0 or 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0 or 2–0–0–0, 0–1–0–0 or 0–1–0–1 or 0–2–0–0, 2–1–0–2 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–1–1–1 or 2–1–2–1 or 2–2–1–1 or 2–2–2–1, 2–0– 0–1 or 2–1–1–1 or 2–1–1–2), metatarsi [0–0–0–2p (only in male) or 0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–2– 1p+2+1p+1 or 0–2–2–3p+1, 0–2–2–1p+1+2p+1], tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–1–0–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace darkened with three distinct, crescent-shaped spots, dorsally with two longitudinal symmetrical dark bands, distinctly serrated. Chelicerae with extensive dark spots. Sternum with pale median band, reaching only two thirds of sternum length, and four symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally and posteriorly. Opisthosoma anteriorly with reddish-brown median band, laterally with two distinct, symmetrical white markings, sides darkly mottled, posteriorly with chevrons (pale, dark bordered). Legs annulated. ALS indistinctly darkened, PLS with basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from two localities in Lazio, Italy, where the spiders were collected from a shaded rock face on which they had built their funnel webs.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The variation in size, spination, and epigyne morphology in the new species is large (Fig. 22S). The association of the males and females is supported by sympatric occurrence, breeding experiments, and genetic distance.</p> <p>On 19 November 2007 a male from Esperia (AB832) was placed on the web of a female from San Felice Circeo (AB911), both having been kept in captivity since their capture in the field in spring 2007. After a short phase of immobility, the male started courtship behaviour by knocking on the web with the palps and the opisthosoma in a fast cadence followed after a short while by copulation. The copulation lasted some 30 min, after which the specimens were separated into different containers. One month later the female produced a cocoon (17.x.2007) and two months later (xii.2007), the spiderlings hatched. First they were kept together with the mother until only about ten specimens were left, at which point they were split into separate containers and fed with crickets (one to two per week). The spiderlings reached maturity after one year (ix.–x.2008). The adult offspring, 2 ♂ and 4 ♀, are preserved in the collection of the NMB (AB964).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E279B604579FFA6BC1E11348	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27BB604551BFB1FC52711A2.text	BD701413E27BB604551BFB1FC52711A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria croatica Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA CROATICA SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 17X–Z, 19N, O)</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Croatia: between Trsteno and Banja, ♀ (SMF), 12.v.2006, Schönhofer.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named after the provenience of the holotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria croatica sp. nov. has a distinctly developed vulva with a broad and straight CD and a smoothly sclerotized and evenly convoluted FD that are not confusable with other species.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Female (holotype): CL 1.85, CW 1.40, STL 1.03, STW 0.94, OL 2.45, OW 1.60. Leg I (2.01, 0.79, 1.87, 1.78, 1.09), II (1.80, 0.68, 1.50, 1.54, 0.90), III (1.60, 0.60, 1.28, 1.47, 0.68), IV (2.07, 0.69, 1.90, 2.13, 1.05). Pedipalp (0.80, 0.32, 0.49, 0.79). EPL 0.27, EPW 0.55, ATL 0.09, ATW 0.20. Eyes: PME 0.10, PLE</p> <p>0.11, AME 0.05, ALE 0.11. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE &lt;0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 3–3.5 x AME, CLY2 1 x ALE.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigynal plate moderately sclerotized. Median plate only laterally separated from epigynal plate, medially slightly protruding. Posterior sclerite absent. Distinct CO posteriolaterally of the median plate. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD strongly sclerotized, bulky, and almost straight. RC globular, smoothly sclerotized, leading into consistently convoluted FD. FD ending in small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three teeth, retromargin with five equally sized teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as or slightly longer than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria at palp tarsus and cymbium absent. Tarsal trichobothria five to six. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I seven to eight. Leg spination: female palp (2–0– 0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–1–0–0, 1–1–0–0, 1–1–0–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (2–0– 0–1p, 0–1–0–1, 2–2–1–1, 2–2–1–2), metatarsi (0–0– 0–3p, 0–0–0–2p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1 or 0–2–0–3p+1, 0–2– 2–3p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with dark band, two longitudinal symmetrical dark bands present but hardly recognizable (may be a result of alcohol preservation). Sternum with pale median region. Opisthosoma brown-grey-green with pale median band anteriorly continuing in chevrons posteriad. Colulus pale (probably a result of alcohol preservation), AMS and basal segment of PMS darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Croatia.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Even though Teg. croatica sp. nov. is currently known from only a single specimen, it is formally described here as it shows a very characteristic morphology of the epigyne and vulva.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27BB604551BFB1FC52711A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E27BB60A574FF960C03B126C.text	BD701413E27BB60A574FF960C03B126C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria dalmatica Kulczynski 1906	<div><p>TEGENARIA DALMATICA KULCZYŃSKI, 1906 STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIGS 1G, H, 2A, B, D, 15K,L, O–Q)</p> <p>Tegenaria dalmatica Kulczyn´ ski, 1906: 162–164, fig. 5, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria zinzulusensis Dresco, 1959: 506–509, figs 1–6; synonymized by Levy (1996: 103) after Brignoli (1976b: 568, 569).</p> <p>Tegenaria drescoi Brignoli, 1971a: 110–112, figs 67– 69; synonymized by Bolzern et al. (2008: 761–763).</p> <p>Malthonica dalmatica: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164; Kovblyuk &amp; Nadolny, 2007: 19–22, figs 1–10; redescription.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes. Dalmacia: Zelenika, 2 ♀ (ex. coll. Kulczyński, MIZ, 212369–70, 404 2), Chyzer.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria drescoi: Holotype. Italy: Sardinia: Sassari, Castelsardo, ♀ (MCSN, 543), 28.iv.1967, Vigna.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Croatia (2 ♀); France (20 ♀); Greece (1 ♂, 6 ♀); Italy (12 ♂, 41 ♀); Africa: Algeria (2 ♀); Tunisia (3 ♀).</p> <p>(1 ♂, 1 ♀); Syria (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Turkey Asia: Lebanon (1 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A very detailed redescription, including measurements and spination patterns, was provided by Kovblyuk &amp; Nadolny (2007).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the central and eastern Mediterranean.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As mentioned in the original description (Kulczyn´ ski, 1906: 163), the two syntypes greatly differ in size. Similar variation was also observed in a sample from Lazio (Frosinone, Aquino, 3.vi.2007, Bolzern &amp; Mühlethaler).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E27BB60A574FF960C03B126C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E275B60A54C9FA20C5A016A7.text	BD701413E275B60A54C9FA20C5A016A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria decolorata KRATOCHVIL & MILLER 1940	<div><p>TEGENARIA DECOLORATA KRATOCHVÍL &amp; MILLER, 1940</p> <p>Tegenaria decolorata Kratochvíl &amp; Miller, 1940: 198– 201, figs 5.2, 6.1–2, male.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria decolorata: Lehtinen, 1967: 261; transfer doubted by Brignoli (1971a: 61); rejected by Bolzern et al. (2010).</p> <p>No material examined. Holotype (without palps) preserved in the collection of the National Museum, Praha, Czech Republic (Ruzicka et al., 2005).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Female unknown. This species belongs to the species complex around Teg. annulata.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A very detailed description of the male, including measurements, was provided by Kratochvíl &amp; Miller (1940).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the island of Krk, Croatia (van Helsdingen, 2011; Platnick, 2012).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E275B60A54C9FA20C5A016A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E275B60A5774FE6EC2AC14A4.text	BD701413E275B60A5774FE6EC2AC14A4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria dentifera KULCZYNSKI 1908	<div><p>TEGENARIA DENTIFERA KULCZYŃSKI, 1908</p> <p>INCERTAE SEDIS</p> <p>Tegenaria dentifera Kulczyn´ ski, 1908: 78, 79, pl. 2, fig. 18, female.</p> <p>No material available.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Cyprus (Kulczyn´ ski, 1908).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Kulczyn´ ski’s description of epigyne and vulva of Teg. dentifera is not informative. No type material could be found and so the species cannot be placed at the moment.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E275B60A5774FE6EC2AC14A4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E275B6085764FC63C0A414C1.text	BD701413E275B6085764FC63C0A414C1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria domestica (Clerck 1757)	<div><p>TEGENARIA DOMESTICA (CLERCK, 1758)</p> <p>(FIGS 1A–D, 2C, 16W, X, 17A, B, 18A–C)</p> <p>Araneus domesticus Clerck, 1757: 76–79, pl. 2, tab. 9, figs 1–4, in part.</p> <p>Aranea domesticus: Linnaeus, 1758: 620.</p> <p>Aranea derhamii Scopoli, 1763: 400.</p> <p>Aranea longipes Fuesslin, 1775: 61.</p> <p>Aranea flava Martini &amp; Goeze, in Lister (1778: 291.)</p> <p>Aranea tomentosa Martini &amp; Goeze, in Lister (1778: 230).</p> <p>Aranea annulata Martini &amp; Goeze, in Lister (1778: 230).</p> <p>Aranea civilis Walckenaer, 1802: 216.</p> <p>Tegenaria civilis: Walckenaer, 1805: 49.</p> <p>Aranea domestica: Treviranus, 1812: 25, figs 14–16, 20, 23–27.</p> <p>Arachne familiaris Audouin, 1826: 315, pl. 1, fig. 6.</p> <p>Agelena civilis: Sundevall, 1831: 20, 1832: 127.</p> <p>Tegenaria scalaris Krynicki, 1837: 73.</p> <p>Tegenaria longipes: C. L. Koch, 1841: 36, fig. 617.</p> <p>Agelena familiaris: Walckenaer, 1842: 23.</p> <p>Philoica civilis: C. L. Koch, 1850: 26.</p> <p>Tegenaria cretica Lucas, 1853: 524.</p> <p>Drassina ochracea Grube, 1861: 171.</p> <p>Nyssa familiaris: Simon, 1864: 212.</p> <p>Tegenaria dubia: Blackwall, 1864: 177.</p> <p>Tegenaria testacea Simon, 1870: 278, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria domestica: Simon, 1875: 73.</p> <p>Tegenaria fontium Simon, 1875: 79.</p> <p>Tegenaria modesta Keyserling, 1878: 594, pl. 14, fig. 17, only male (the female, fig. 18, clearly belongs to Tegenaria pagana).</p> <p>Tegenaria detestabilis Pickard-Cambridge, 1877: 275.</p> <p>Tegenaria derhamii: Hansen, 1882: 43, pl. 3, fig. 4.</p> <p>Coelotes calcaratus Keyserling, 1887: 470, pl. 6, fig. 32a.</p> <p>Coelotes plumarius Bishop &amp; Crosby, 1926: 200, pl. 25, fig. 50.</p> <p>Mevianops fragilis Mello-Leitão, 1941: 119, figs 3, 4.</p> <p>Coelotes amygdaliformis Zhu &amp; Wang, 1991: 2, figs 8, 9.</p> <p>Tegenaria domesticoides Schmid, Geisthardt &amp; Piepho, 1994: 111, 112, fig. 21, pl. I: fig. 1, female, syn. nov.</p> <p>Draconarius amygdaliformis: Wang, 2003: 520.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>No type material available for Teg. domestica and Teg. modesta.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria domesticoides: Holotype. Cape Verde: Santa Antao, Ribeira do Paul, ♀ (SMF, 37531, epigyne lacking!), 12.i.1993, Schmidt.</p> <p>Paratype. Cape Verde: Sao Nicolau, Monte Gordo, ♀ (SMF, 38579), 20.i.1993, Schmidt.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Belgium (1♂, 3 ♀); Bulgaria (1 ♀); Czech Republic (32 ♂, 78 ♀); France (22 ♂, 13 ♀); Germany (28 ♀, 18 ♂); United Kingdom (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Greece (1 ♂, 6 ♀); Italy (3 ♂, 5 ♀); Macedonia (3 ♂, 5 ♀); Poland (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Portugal (3 ♀); Slovakia (1 ♂, 14 ♀); Spain (5 ♀); Switzerland (1 ♂, 1 ♀). Asia: China (2 ♂, 7 ♀); Japan (2 ♀); Lebanon (1 ♂); South Indian Ocean (?) (3 ♀); Sri Lanka (1 ♀); Turkey (2 ♂); Tibet (1 ♀). Australia: (1 ♂, 2 ♀). North America: USA (6 ♂, 9 ♀). Central and South America: Argentina (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Chile (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Costa Rica (1 ♂); Ecuador (2 ♀); Mexico (1 ♂, 1 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria domestica shows a distinct RTA (similar to Teg. annae sp. nov.; all other Tegenaria species quite different), a truncated, very distinct terminal end of embolus (comparable but distinctly different in Tegenaria mercanturensis and Tegenaria mirifica), and the drop-shaped, terminally bifid conductor. The epigyne has a strongly sclerotized posterior sclerite with the anterior margin concave (similar in Teg. annae sp. nov., Tegenaria adomestica Guseinov et al., 2005, Teg. ferruginea, Teg. parietina, Teg. tridentina) and a simple, irregularly globular vulva.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 4.35, CW 3.25, STL 2.25, STW 2.0, OL 4.5, OW 2.4. Leg I (5.1, 1.7, 4.95, 5.45, 2.65), II (4.6, 1.65, 4.5, 5.05, 2.45), III (4.5, 1.6, 4.0, 5.0, 2.15), IV (5.65, 1.6, 5.35, 6.8, 2.5). Pedipalp (1.85, 0.61, 0.76, 1.27–1.64), bulbL 0.67. Female (N = 3): CL 4.0–4.1, CW 2.8–2.9, STL 2.0, STW 1.75– 1.85, OL 4.1–4.5, OW 2.75–2.85. Leg I (3.9–4.0, 1.5, 4.0–4.1, 4.9, 2.35–2.5), II (3.75–4.0, 1.35–1.45, 3.5– 3.75, 3.6–3.85, 2.0–2.1), III (3.5–3.8, 1.35–1.4, 3.0–3.2, 3.7–3.75, 1.75), IV (4.5–4.7, 1.45–1.5, 4.0–4.25, 5.0– 5.35, 2.0–2.1). Pedipalp (1.92, 0.77, 1.15, 1.81). EPL 0.38–0.4, EPW 0.60–0.70, ATL 0.1, ATW 0.48. Eyes: PME 0.17, PLE 0.17–0.2, AME 0.13–0.16, ALE 0.16– 0.18. Eye distances: PME–PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 1.5 x PME, PME–PLE 1 x PME, PME–ALE 1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE 0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–2.5 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch tusk-like shaped, dorsal branch broad and strongly sclerotized, distally obliquely truncated, lateroventral ridge present, inconspicuously expressed. Broad embolus length about 3/4 x CB, terminally truncated, originating at 9 o’clock position, distal tip at 1– 2 o’clock position. Conductor drop-shaped with distal portion moderately elongated, lateral margin almost completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part short, simple and pointed, dorsal part plate-like. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA and originating at 5–6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum barely visible.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with a pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite expressed as sclerotized bar with anterior margin concave, limiting atrial area posteriorly. CO between and laterally of the membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ present. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD very short leading into globular, irregularly formed RC, separated by about their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with three to four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Female with four to five minor ampullate and cylindrical gland spigots distally on PMS, two to three medially prominent and two laterally. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 11–12. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0 or 2–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0), leg femora (2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–2–3–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–1–2–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 1–2–1–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [2–0–0–2p or 2–1–0–2p+1 or 2–2–1–3p (dorsal spine inconspicuously), 0–2–0–2+1p or 0–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–1–0–3 or 2–2–0–2 or 2–2–0–3, 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2–2–2 or 2–2– 2–2p, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–1p+2 or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3], metatarsi [0–0–0–3p+1 or 0–1–1–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1 (lateral spines only in males), 0–3–3–3p or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1], tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace continuously darkened, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish, anterior with yellowish median band, continuing in broad chevrons posteriad. Legs annulated, sometimes only coxa and proximal part of femora with dark dots. ALS indistinctly darkened, PLS with basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution: Reported from all continents. Probably originating from Europe.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E275B6085764FC63C0A414C1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E277B60854C5FB80C2D71462.text	BD701413E277B60854C5FB80C2D71462.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria eleonorae Brignoli 1974	<div><p>TEGENARIA ELEONORAE BRIGNOLI, 1974 STAT. REV. (FIG. 20O–R)</p> <p>Tegenaria henroti: Brignoli, 1971a: 68–72, figs 8–12, misidentified.</p> <p>Tegenaria eleonorae Brignoli, 1974: 390, 391.</p> <p>Malthonica eleonorae: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Italy: Sardinia: Cagliari, Domusnovas, Grotta di S. Giovanni, ♂, (MCSN, 543), 6.x.1968, Pilia &amp; Usai.</p> <p>Paratypes. Same data as for holotype, 1 ♀; same locality as holotype, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 543), 8.ix.1968, Pirodda, Latte &amp; Pinna; same locality as holotype, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 543), 28.ii.1971, Vigna; same locality as holotype, 1 ♀ (MHNG), 28.ii.1971, Vigna.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (1 ♂, 7 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis and description</p> <p>Diagnosis, redescription, and discussion were provided by Bolzern et al. (2008).</p> <p>TEGENARIA FANIAPOLLINIS BRIGNOLI, 1978</p> <p>(FIG. 17V)</p> <p>Tegenaria faniapollinis Brignoli, 1978b: 50, 51, fig. 13. Tegenaria paragamiani Deltshev, 2008b: 40–43, figs 9–16, syn. nov.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype and paratypes. Turkey: Antakya, Grotta di Harbiye, 5 ♀ (MCSN, 100, 542), 26.vi.1971 and 26.vii.1971, Boitani, Brignoli &amp; Osella.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece (2 ♂). Asia: Turkey (2 ♀).</p> <p>Description and distribution</p> <p>Descriptions, including measurements, were provided by Brignoli (1978b) and Deltshev (2008b; sub Teg-. paragamiani). Reported from Turkey and Greece (East Rhodopy Mountains, Maronia).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Based on drawings by Deltshev (2008b: 42, figs 15, 16), Teg. faniapollinis and Teg. paragamiani do not differ in epigyne and vulva shape and are, therefore, synonymized.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E277B60854C5FB80C2D71462	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E277B60E5724FC2FC5C813B4.text	BD701413E277B60E5724FC2FC5C813B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria femoralis SIMON 1873	<div><p>TEGENARIA FEMORALIS SIMON, 1873</p> <p>(FIG. 21A–D)</p> <p>Tegenaria femoralis Simon, 1873: 137–139, pl. I, fig. 17; Kraus, 1955: 378, 379, figs 16–19.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntype. France: Corsica: ♂ (MNHN, 1978, 486), Simon.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France (3 ♂, 10 ♀); Italy (1 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A short redescription was provided by Kraus (1955: 378–379, figs 16–19).</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 4.68, CW 3.81, STL 2.32, STW 2.16. Leg I (7.13, 1.89, 6.36, 7.69, 2.53), II (6.78, 1.87, 6.27, 7.29, 2.86), III (6.21, 1.69, 5.39, 7.04, 2.31), IV (6.98, -, -, -, -). Pedipalp (2.20, 0.78, 0.79, 2.21), bulbL 1.70. Female (N = 1): CL 4.28, CW 3.15, STL 2.11, STW 2.00. Leg I (5.41, 1.64, 5.71, 6.10, 2.49), II (5.00, 1.55, 4.79, 5.72, 2.21), III (4.84, 1.42, 4.23, 5.55, 1.99), IV (5.15, 1.55, 5.29, 7.03, 2.22). Pedipalp (1.87, 0.76, 1.19, 1.98). EPL 0.66, EPW 1.18, ATL 0.25, ATW 0.49. Eyes: PME 0.20–0.21, PLE 0.21– 0.22, AME 0.15–0.17, ALE 0.21–0.23. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5 x PME or somewhat more, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–3 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch lobe-like, reaching more than three quarters of tibia length, forming a distinct ridge, distally protruding, lateral and dorsal branch forming strongly sclerotized and protruding appendages. Filiform embolus length about 2–2.5 x CB, originating at 7 o’clock position, distal tip at 3 o’clock position. Conductor moderately hammerhead shaped with distal portion elongated and tapered, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part short and cone-shaped, dorsal part plate-like. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 4–5 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum visible and undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigynal median plate anteriomedially connected with strongly sclerotized epigynal plate. CO anteriorly of the median plate distinctly expressed as holes with strongly sclerotized anterior margin. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. First half (CD) of CBD only moderately sclerotized and convoluted around second half, which is strongly sclerotized. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with four to five teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus present. Tarsal trichobothria seven to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 12–14. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0 or 2–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0, 2–3–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0–0–0–2p or 0–0–0–2p+1, 0–2–0–1p+2 or 0–2–0–2+1p or 0–2–0–3p (very indistinct dorsal spines possible), 1–2–2–1+2p or 1–2–2–3p, 1–2–2–3p], metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0– 3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1+3p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace without a colour pattern (may be a result of alcohol preservation). Sternum with distinct pattern of pale median region and three pairs of symmetrical pale dots laterally, somewhat fused together. Legs only ventrally annulated, indistinct. ALS and basal segment of PLS moderately darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Italy, including Corsica and Sardinia.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Contrary to the information provided by Kraus (1955) and Platnick (2012), Simon (1873: 139) not only described the male but also the female of Teg. femoralis, although without any drawings. He mentioned several specimens in the original description (Simon, 1873: 139, fourth paragraph) but only one male could be found in the MNHN collection.</p> <p>Kraus (1955) described two female specimens, which were significantly smaller than the other examined female specimens. He concluded that, because these specimens share the same morphology and differ only in size, they must belong to the same species. Brignoli (1979a: 41), in contrast, argued that this ‘forma nana’ is not conspecific with Teg. femoralis and constitutes an undescribed species. More material is required to solve this problem.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E277B60E5724FC2FC5C813B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E271B60D5778FB71C02D1145.text	BD701413E271B60D5778FB71C02D1145.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria ferruginea (Panzer 1804)	<div><p>TEGENARIA FERRUGINEA (PANZER, 1804) STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIG. 21J–M)</p> <p>Araneus domesticus: Clerck, 1757: 76–79, pl. 2, tab. 9, fig. 1, in part.</p> <p>Aranea ferruginea Panzer, 1804: pl. 227, fig. 2.</p> <p>Aranea subpilosa Panzer, 1804: pl. 227, fig. 3.</p> <p>Aranea stabularia C. L. Koch, 1834: 125, pl. 13, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria stabularia: C. L. Koch, 1841: 32–34, fig. 614, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria petrensis C. L. Koch, 1841: 27, 28, fig. 609, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria ferruginea: Simon, 1875: 65–67, pl. 6, fig. 7.</p> <p>Tegenaria heteropalpa Lebert, 1877: 209, 210, pl. 6, fig. 41 male; syn. nov.</p> <p>Malthonica ferruginea Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Comments</p> <p>Tegenaria heteropalpa Lebert was synonymized with Teg. pagana by de Lessert (1910: 455). Types of Teg. heteropalpa are lost. However, the description of Lebert (1877) and in particular his illustration is sufficiently diagnostic to suggest that Teg. heteropalpa is conspecific with Teg. ferruginea. Tegenaria heteropalpa is a new synonym of Teg. ferruginea rather than one of Teg. pagana as suggested by de Lessert (1910). Their conspecificity is supported by the structure of the RTA, the shape of the MA, the relative length of the bulb to cymbium length (Lebert, 1877: pl. 6, fig. 41), the overall size, and the number of teeth on the chelicerae. Tegenaria pagana occurs south of the Alps, Teg. ferruginea on either side.</p> <p>No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Albania (1 ♀); Austria (1 ♂, 6 ♀); Belgium (1 ♂); Bulgaria (4 ♀); Croatia (1 ♀); France (14 ♂, 18 ♀); Germany (26 ♂, 33 ♀); Greece (5 ♀); Italy (2 ♂, 4 ♀); Poland (1 ♂); Slovenia (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Switzerland (5 ♂, 5 ♀). South America: Venezuela (1 ♂).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Tegenaria ferruginea females can be separated from Teg. parietina by the lateral margins of the median region of the epigyne following distinctly the run of the posterior sclerite (especially anteriorly, Fig. 21J, white arrows, in Teg. parietina this margin runs towards the middle of the epigyne, Fig. 21P, white arrow), the differently shaped posterior sclerite, and the stronger convoluted vulva (especially the first spiral). Moreover, the two symmetrical ducts are less separated from each other (under two duct diameters, more than three in Teg. parietina). Other characters were presented in detail by Oxford &amp; Merrett (2000). Males of Teg. ferruginea have a relatively short cymbium (much longer, in relation to the bulb, in Teg. parietina), a distinctly longer and curved distal portion of the conductor (short and almost straight in Teg. parietina), and a differently shaped ventral portion of the terminal end of the conductor.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A short redescription, including information about the species‘ variation, was provided by Oxford &amp; Merrett (2000).</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 6.40, CW 5.00, STL 3.00, STW 2.85, OL 7.35, OW 5.03. Leg I (7.85, 2.60, 6.95, 8.00, 3.60), II (7.35, 2.55, 6.05, 7.10, 3.25), III (6.50, 2.25, 5.25, 6.50, 2.55), IV (7.90, 2.45, 6.70, 8.55, 3.20). Pedipalp (3.20, 1.00, 1.35, 3.27), bulbL 2.57. Female (N = 1): CL 6.12, CW 4.90, STL 3.45, STW 2.88, OL 8.25, OW 5.93. Leg I (7.01, 2.40, 6.08, 7.13, 3.34), II (6.60, 2.40, 5.40, 6.38, 2.78), III (5.94, 2.10, 4.32, 6.00, 2.50,), IV (7.30, 2.35, 6.12, 7.90, 3.03). Pedipalp (2.69, 1.04, 1.54, 2.96). EPL 1.00, EPW 1.52, ATL 0.37, ATW 0.74. Eyes: PME 0.22–0.26, PLE 0.25–</p> <p>0.30, AME 0.26–0.28, ALE 0.26–0.30. Eye distances: PME–PME 1–1.5 x PME, PME–AME 1–1.5 x PME, PME–PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME–ALE 1.5 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1.5–2 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch broad lobe-like, distally moderately protruding with distinct ridge, lateral branch broad and flat protruding, distally broadly truncated, dorsal branch strongly sclerotized, protruding, as long as wide, distally obtusely and oblique pointed, anteriorly with a stepped, small point. Filiform embolus longer than 2.5 x CB, originating at 7–8 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position, conspicuously formed (Fig. 2C). Conductor with distal portion distinctly elongated and curved, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part short, simple and truncated with a very small point, dorsal part plate-like, shorter than ventral part. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum visible and undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with a small pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite developed as an extensive sclerotized bar with anterior margin concave (semicircular) and medially moderately protruding. CO between and laterally of the membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. Only very first part (CD) of CBD moderately sclerotized, largest part strongly sclerotized and convoluted, forming connected smaller anterior and larger posterior spiral regions. Ducts are separated by less than their duct diameters. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages distally of the CBD.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin and retromargin with four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin almost straight or medially moderately notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus present. Tarsal trichobothria seven to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 11–12. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0 or 2–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–3– 1–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–4–2–0, 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0–0–0–2p+1 or 0–1–0–2p+1 or 0–2–0–3p or 2–0–0–3p (dorsal spines very small), 0–2–0–2+1p or 0–2–0–3p or 2–2–0–2+1p (dorsal spines very small), 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–2–1+2p or 2–2–2–1p+1+1p+1 or 2–2– 2–1p+1+2p], metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–3–3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1+1p+1+3p or 0–3–3–1p+1+3p or 0–3–3–5p or 0–4–3–1+3p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with three broad, crescent-shaped darkened spots, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, serrated and not continuous. Chelicerae sometimes medially with darkened spot. Sternum with distinct pale median band, posteriorly very narrow or fused with lateral spots (sometimes with small dark spot in the middle of the posterior half of the pale median band), and three symmetrical pairs of pale spots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish, laterally moderately yellowish mottled, dorsally with a distinct, reddish median band. Anteriolaterally of red median band there are short, black bands, more laterally yellowish. More posteriodorsally with one or two symmetrical white spots and four to five indistinct chevrons more posteriad. Legs annulated, borders of bands darker than medially. Colulus partly darkened, ALS ventrally indistinctly darkened, dorsally black, PLS with basal segment black, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from most European countries. Probably absent from northernmost Europe. The specimen from Venezuela would be the first record outside of the Palaearctic region. If the label is correct, Teg. ferruginea has been introduced into South America.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The identity of this species has been misinterpreted by some authors. Our examination of Brignoli’s material showed that he misidentified female Teg. tridentina as Teg. ferruginea (see Brignoli, 1971a: 92, fig. 40). One female in his collection, which is Teg. ferruginea, is labelled ‘prope rhaetica ’ (IT: Alto Adige, Bolzano, Collalbo, Renon, 15/ 20.viii.1966, leg. Hartig) and is also mentioned and illustrated under this name (Brignoli, 1971a: 102, figs 53, 55, 56). Platnick (2012) listed ‘prope rhaetica ’ as a synonym of Teg. agrestis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E271B60D5778FB71C02D1145	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E272B612551CF90DC00A1423.text	BD701413E272B612551CF90DC00A1423.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria hasperi Chyzer 1897	<div><p>TEGENARIA HASPERI CHYZER, 1897</p> <p>(FIG. 15M, N)</p> <p>Tegenaria hasperi Chyzer &amp; Kulczyn´ ski, 1897: 167, 168, tab. 7, fig. 1, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria nemorosa Simon, 1916: 210, 211, figs 82– 87, syn. nov.</p> <p>Malthonica nemorosa: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntype. Croatia: Crkvenica (= Crikvenica?), ♀ (HNHM, Araneae-4), vii., Chyzer.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria nemorosa: syntypes. France: Alpes- Maritimes: Cagnes, 2 ♀ (MNHN, 1968), Berland.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Bulgaria (10 ♀); Croatia (1 ♂, 2 ♀); France (1 ♀); Italy (7 ♂, 28 ♀). Asia: Turkey (4 ♂, 4 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Good drawings of a male are provided by Brignoli (1971a), SEM photographs by Seyyar et al. (2008), drawings of females by Deltshev (1993), photographs of both sexes by Kovács &amp; Szinetár (2012). Some additional information is provided here.</p> <p>Measurements: Female (N = 2): CL 2.97–4.85, CW 2.24–3.55. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME– ALE 1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2 x AME, CLY2 1 x ALE.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne sclerotized throughout, distinct rectangular median plate. Posterior sclerite absent. CO at the anterior border of the median plate developed as holes (often filled with a ‘plug’). Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short, leading into globular, irregularly but distinctly formed and smoothly sclerotized RC with well-separated chambers. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three to four, retromargin with four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Trichobothria at palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria six to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I eight to ten. Leg spination: female palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (0–2–0–0 or 1–2–2–0 or 1–3–2–0, 1–1–2–0 or 1–2–1–0 or 1–2–2–0 or 1–3–2–0 or 2–2–2–0, 1–1–1–0 or 1–2– 2–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0 or 0–0– 0–1 or 0–0–0–1p, 0–1–0–1 or 0–1–0–1+1p or 0–1–0–2 or 0–1–0–2p, 2–1–1–1p or 2–1–1–2+1p or 2–2–1–1+1p or 2–2–1–1p, 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3+1p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3 or 0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–2–3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1+3p+1 or 1–3–3–1+3p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with three narrow, crescent-shaped, darkened spots, sometimes connected, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale spots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish, anteriorly with three yellowish bands, laterally with one to two pairs of white spots, continuing in broad chevrons posteriad. Legs annulated. Colulus partly darkened, ALS indistinctly darkened, PLS with basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Croatia (Chyzer &amp; Kulczyn´ ski, 1897), France (Simon, 1916; Simon, 1937), Italy (Brignoli, 1971a), Bulgaria (Deltshev, 1993), and Turkey (Brignoli, 1978c).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Almost all examined females had the copulatory openings plugged with a dark, hardened substance. The examination of one female syntype of Teg. hasperi from ‘Crkvenica’ and two syntypes of Simon’s Teg. nemorosa showed that the latter is a junior synonym of Teg. hasperi.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E272B612551CF90DC00A1423	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26DB61254FDFCCBC3A11244.text	BD701413E26DB61254FDFCCBC3A11244.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria hauseri BRIGNOLI 1979	<div><p>TEGENARIA HAUSERI BRIGNOLI, 1979</p> <p>(FIG. 17D, E, Q, R)</p> <p>Tegenaria hauseri Brignoli, 1979b: 192–194, figs 24–26.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Kythira: Mylopotamos, ‘Grotte Aghia Sophia’, ♂ (MHNG), 17.iv.1977, Hauser.</p> <p>Paratypes: Same data as for holotype, 1 juvenile ♀; same locality as holotype, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 542), 17.iv.1977, Hauser.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A thorough description, including measurements, was provided by Brignoli (1979b).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the type locality in Greece only.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26DB61254FDFCCBC3A11244	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26DB6125482FAECC0EF11E9.text	BD701413E26DB6125482FAECC0EF11E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria henroti DRESCO 1956	<div><p>TEGENARIA HENROTI DRESCO, 1956 (FIG. 20N, S–V)</p> <p>Tegenaria henroti Dresco, 1956: 115–118, male; Bolzern et al., 2008: 763–768, figs 4–7.</p> <p>No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (4 ♂, 7 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A redescription and discussion were provided by Bolzern et al. (2008).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Italy (Sardinia).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26DB6125482FAECC0EF11E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26DB61254DDF880C2B41148.text	BD701413E26DB61254DDF880C2B41148.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria lapicidinarum SPASSKY 1934	<div><p>TEGENARIA LAPICIDINARUM SPASSKY, 1934</p> <p>Tegenaria lapicidinarum Spassky, 1934: 2–4, pl. 1, figs 3–5.</p> <p>Tegenaria spasskyi Guryanova, 1992: 13, figs 1.1–2, 2.1–2; synonymized by Kovblyuk (2004).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Lectotype. Russia: Rostov Oblast, Novocherkassk, ♂, vii.1914, Spasskaja. Lectotype designation by Kovblyuk (2004).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description, including measurements and figures, was provided by Kovblyuk (2004).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Eastern Europe.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Recently, a detailed redescription of this species was provided by Kovblyuk (2004), with drawings of male and female genitalia. Kovblyuk showed that the body measurements, including the size of legs and male palp, vary considerably. As a result of comparing this species with Teg. mirifica Thaler, 1987, and Teg. taurica Charitonov, 1947, he stated that the spination pattern of legs is insufficient to distinguish Tegenaria species.</p> <p>TEGENARIA LEVANTINA BARRIENTOS, 1981</p> <p>(FIG. 23I, J)</p> <p>Tegenaria levantina Barrientos, 1981: 13–16, figs 1–3, female; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986: 193–195, figs 8, 9, male.</p> <p>No type material examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Spain (1 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Detailed descriptions, including measurements, were provided by Barrientos (1981) and Ribera &amp; Barrientos (1986).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Spain (Catalonia: Tarragona, Castellon).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26DB61254DDF880C2B41148	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26DB6135777F905C3EF17E6.text	BD701413E26DB6135777F905C3EF17E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria mercanturensis BOLZERN & HERVE 2010	<div><p>TEGENARIA MERCANTURENSIS BOLZERN &amp; HERVÉ, 2010</p> <p>Tegenaria mercanturensis Bolzern &amp; Hervé, 2010: 21–26, figs 1–11.</p> <p>Material examined and description</p> <p>See Bolzern &amp; Hervé (2010).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from France (Mercantour National Park).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26DB6135777F905C3EF17E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26CB61354A8FEA1C3E41492.text	BD701413E26CB61354A8FEA1C3E41492.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria mirifica Thaler 1987	<div><p>TEGENARIA MIRIFICA THALER, 1987</p> <p>(FIG. 23E–H)</p> <p>Tegenaria mirifica Thaler, 1987: 391–394, figs 1–8.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Austria: Tyrol: Piburg, ♂ (NHMW), 15.ix.1989, Pfister.</p> <p>Paratype. Austria: Tyrol: Pfunds, Stubental, ♀ (NHMW), 2.v.1987, Thaler.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Italy (5 ♂, 4 ♀); Switzerland (1 ♂, 7 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description, including measurements, was provided by Thaler (1987).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the central and south-eastern Alps.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26CB61354A8FEA1C3E41492	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26CB61354BFFC5CC21411C4.text	BD701413E26CB61354BFFC5CC21411C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria montana DELTSHEV 1993	<div><p>TEGENARIA MONTANA DELTSHEV, 1993 STAT. REV.</p> <p>Tegenaria montana Deltshev, 1993: 168–171, figs 9– 13.</p> <p>Malthonica montana: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Paratypes. Bulgaria: Pirin Mountains, Vasilachliezera, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW), 25.vii.1985, Deltshev.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Several details and measurements were provided by Deltshev (1993). All examined characters mentioned for Teg. campestris were identical to this species except for slight differences in the genital morphology.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Bulgaria (Pirin Mountains) (Deltshev, 1993).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Tegenaria montana belongs, together with Teg. bozhkovi, Teg. campestris, and Teg. rilaensis, to a ‘super species’ described by Deltshev (2008b). Based on the material available for examination, we cannot judge the relationships within this species complex.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26CB61354BFFC5CC21411C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26CB61054E5F887C0E31645.text	BD701413E26CB61054E5F887C0E31645.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria montiszasensis Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA MONTISZASENSIS SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 14I, 16A, B)</p> <p>Male unknown. Types</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Cyclades, Naxos, ‘au-dessus de Filoti, au pied du mont Zeus, grotte spilia Aria ou Zeus ’, ♀ (MHNG), 14.v.1985, Hauser.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named after ‘Mount Zas’, where the type was collected. According to Greek mythology, the young Zeus was raised in a cave on ‘Mount Zas’ on Naxos.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria montiszasensis sp. nov. can be recognized by the distinctly ‘half-mask’-shaped epigyne and the shape of the vulva.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Female (holotype): CL 3.70, CW 2.88, STL 1.86, STW 1.78, OL 5.50, OW 3.40. Leg I (6.10, 1.49, 6.02, 6.36, 3.00), II (5.40, 1.43, 5.00, 5.98, 2.40), III (5.10, 1.38, 4.51, 5.76, 2.13), IV (6.10, 1.39, 5.75, 7.44, 2.74). Pedipalp (2.12, 0.78, 1.42, 1.90). EPL 0.56, EPW 0.91, ATL 0.22, ATW 0.55. Eyes (moderately reduced): PME 0.10, PLE 0.11, AME 0.06, ALE 0.10. Eye distances: PME–PME 1.5–2 x PME, PME–AME 1.5 x PME, PME–PLE 2 x PME, PME–ALE 1.5–2 x PME, AME–AME 1.5 x AME, AME–ALE 2 x AME. CLY1 4.5 x AME, CLY2 2.5–3 x ALE.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne distinctly ‘half-mask’- shaped. Median plate strongly sclerotized and only laterally separated from epigynal plate. Posterior sclerite absent. CO distinct, almond-shaped holes. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD less sclerotized than RC, straight. RC distinctly formed, smoothly sclerotized. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three teeth, retromargin with five equally sized teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment longer than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria at palp tarsus and cymbium absent. Tarsal trichobothria eight to ten. Leg spination: female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2– 0–0 or 2–0–0–0), leg femora (2–3–2–0, 2–3–2–0, 2–2– 2–0, 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (2–2–1– 1+1p, 2–1–1–1+1p or 2–2–1–2p, 2–2–2–1+2p or 2–2– 2–3p, 2–2–2–1+2p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1 or 0–1–0– 3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1, 1–3–3–1p+1+1p+ 1+1p+1 or 1–3–3–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: No colour pattern visible on carapace (may be a result of alcohol preservation). Sternum</p> <p>with indistinct pale median region. Opisthosoma yellowish. Colulus and spinnerets pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece (Naxos).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26CB61054E5F887C0E31645	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26FB61054EEFE05C30A1325.text	BD701413E26FB61054EEFE05C30A1325.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria oribata SIMON 1916	<div><p>TEGENARIA ORIBATA SIMON, 1916</p> <p>Tegenaria oribata Simon, 1916: 211; Simon, 1937: 993, 994, 1037, figs 1524, 1525.</p> <p>Pseudotegenaria oribata: Lehtinen, 1967: 261, figs 228, 232; transfer rejected by Brignoli (1978a: 269).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Probable syntypes. France: Pyrénées-Orientales: Forêst du Canigou, 8 ♀ (MNHN, 1965), Simon; Forêst du Canigou, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN, 1965, 6386), Simon; Prades, Villefranche-de-Conflent, Grotte de Villefranche, 5 ♀ (MNHN, 1965, 581), Simon.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France (3 ♂, 3 ♀).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Owing to the poor condition of the examined specimens, some of the diagnostically relevant characters could not be observed. We follow Brignoli (1978a) and treat the species under Tegenaria.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26FB61054EEFE05C30A1325	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26FB61154CAFBE5C5161290.text	BD701413E26FB61154CAFBE5C5161290.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria pagana C. L. KOCH 1840	<div><p>TEGENARIA PAGANA C. L. KOCH, 1840, STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIG. 23K–W)</p> <p>Tegenaria pagana C. L. Koch, 1841: 31, 32, pl. 262, figs 612, 613.</p> <p>Tegenaria subtilis Simon, 1870: 275–277; Simon, 1873: 170, pl. 1, figs 9, 10, male; Thorell, 1875a: 77.</p> <p>Tegenaria testacea Simon, 1870: 278–280, male; female belongs to Teg. domestica (see Machado, 1941).</p> <p>Tegenaria proxima Pickard-Cambridge, 1873: 217, 218, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria variata Thorell, 1875c: 74, 75, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria urbana Simon, 1875: 67–69.</p> <p>Tegenaria bidentata Keyserling, 1878: 597–599, pl. 14, fig. 19, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria modesta Keyserling, 1878: 594–597, pl. 14, fig. 18, female (male, fig. 17, is a synonym of Teg. domestica), syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria obscura Banks, 1898: 230, pl. 14, fig. 26; synonymized by Roth (1956: 176).</p> <p>Tegenaria pagana cavernicola Simon, 1907: 547, 548.</p> <p>Tegenaria pagana proxima: Strand, 1909: 585, 586.</p> <p>Tegenaria antrias Crosby, 1936: 2, pl. 1, fig. 3, female; Roth, 1952: 284, 285, synonymized by Roth (1956: 176).</p> <p>Tegenaria simplex Bryant, 1936: 90, 91, pl. 3, fig. 9, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria pagana urbana: Simon, 1937: 1010, 1041, syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria castro Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1942: 21, 22, pl. 3, figs 27–29.</p> <p>Philoicides pallidus de Mello-Leitão, 1944: 335, fig. 21, female; Roth, 1967: 314, pl. 51, fig. 3; synonymized by Ramirez, Grismado &amp; Blick (2004).</p> <p>Tegenaria cerrutii Roewer, 1960: 91–93, fig. 2a–f, female; Brignoli, 1971a: 119, 120, figs 78, 79, syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria marinae Brignoli, 1971a: 120, 121, figs 80, 81, female; Brignoli, 1977a: 50, figs 29, 30, syn. nov.</p> <p>Tegenaria baronii Brignoli, 1977a: 47–50, figs 25, 26, female, syn. nov.</p> <p>Malthonica pagana: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes. Greece: ‘aus der Gegend von Nauplia’, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHML, BM 1917.1.4.98), unknown.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria pagana urbana: Probable syntypes. France: Gallia, 9 ♂, 16 ♀ (MNHN, 1982).</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria castro: Paratypes. USA: California: Los Angeles, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (AMNH), 3.v.1936, Grant; Friant, 1 ♀ (AMNH), 1.iii.1913.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria cerrutii: Holotype. Italy: Sicily: Palermo, Mt. Pelegrino, Grotta Addaure (Adura?), ♀ (SMF, 13374), Cerruti.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria marinae: Holotype. Italy: Lazio: Latina, Grotta Valmarino, ♀ (MCSN, 543), 31.iii.1970, Sbordoni.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria baronii: Holotype. Italy: Marche: Fabriano, Grotta Frasassi, ♀ (MCSN, 102), ix.1964, Baroni.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Croatia (2 ♀); France (2 ♂, 9 ♀); Greece (1 ♂, 7 ♀); Italy (9 ♂, 49 ♀); Malta (3 ♀); Portugal (1 ♂, 10 ♀); Spain (5 ♂, 19 ♀); Switzerland (1 ♀). Africa: Algeria (4 ♂, 17 ♀); Cape Verde (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Egypt (3 ♂, 16 ♀); Libya (1 ♀); Morocco (2 ♂, 3 ♀); Tunisia (2 ♂, 2 ♀). Asia: Syria (1 ♂, 4 ♀). South America: Chile (6 ♂, 6 ♀). North America: USA (1 ♂, 1 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Several descriptions under different names, some including measurements, were provided by Roth (1952), Brignoli (1971a, 1977a), and Levy (1996). Additional information is provided here.</p> <p>Measurements: Female (N = 1): CL 3.41, CW 2.66, STL 1.76, STW 1.59. Leg I (3.97, 1.38, 3.63, 3.72, 2.17), II (3.48, 1.29, 2.85, 3.29, 1.62), III (3.17, 1.10, 2.38, 3.12, 1.42), IV (4.09, 1.29, 3.64, 4.44, 1.68).</p> <p>Pedipalp (1.48, 0.62, 0.88, 1.36). EPL 0.22, EPW 0.54, ATL 0.14, ATW 0.39. Eyes: PME 0.17, PLE 0.18, AME 0.14, ALE 0.19. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 0.5–1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, lateral branch leaf-shaped and distinctly stepped, distally protruding, dorsal branch strongly sclerotized and distally pointed, broad. Filiform embolus shorter than 2 x CB, originating at 8 o’clock position, distal tip at 3 o’clock position. Conductor almost orthogonal to cymbium with distal portion elongated and bent posteriad, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part massive, pointed, dorsal part indistinctly pointed. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 4–5 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with finger-shaped, distally spoon-like, sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum visible with strongly sclerotized band-like structure.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigynal plate strongly sclerotized and oval or kidney-like shaped, protruding. Posterior sclerite absent. Laterally with crescent-shaped pockets. CO are situated in these pockets, inside each of which an additional orthogonal pocket originates. Epigynal teeth absent (indistinct denticles present in the holotypes of Teg. marinae and Teg. baronii). Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. First half (CD) of CBD convoluted around second half, both parts strongly sclerotized. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with four to seven teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria six to nine. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I nine to 11. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0– 0), female palp (3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–2–0 or 2–3–1–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–4–3–0 or 2–5– 3–0 or 2–5–4–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0 or 2–3–3–0 or 2–4–2–0, 1–1–1–0 or 1–1–2–0 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 1–1–1–0 or 2–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0–2–0–2p or 0–2–0–2p+1 or 0–2– 1–2p or 0–2–1–3p or 0–2–2–3p or 0–2–1–2p+1 (indistinct dorsal spines possible), 0–2–0–1p or 0–2–1– 1+1p+1 or 0–2–2–1+1p+1 or 0–2–2–1+2p or 0–2–2– 1p+1 or 0–2–2–3p (indistinct dorsal spines possible), 2–2–1–1 or 2–2–2–1+1p or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3 or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–2–2 or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–1+2p], metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1 or 0–1–1–3p+1 or 0–2–1–3p+1, 0–3–2–3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3– 3p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Carapace margin narrow, continuous, indistinctly darkened; dorsally with two indistinct symmetrical longitudinal bands, head region darkened. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally, the last pair strongly fused with the median band. Opisthosoma brown-yellowish, anteriorly with pale median band, continuing in broad chevrons posteriad, laterally with dark band or moderately mottled. Legs moderately annulated (in the type specimens of Teg. baronii and Teg. marinae not visible, may be a result of alcohol preservation). ALS indistinctly darkened or pale, PLS with basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from southern and Central Europe, Mediterranean region, and introduced into North and South America.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As in other Tegenaria species, Teg. pagana shows great variation in somatic and genital characters (e.g. Fig. 23P–W), which is reflected in the long list of synonyms. This phenomenon was well illustrated by Levy (1996: 97, 98, figs 45–48). He mentioned that the Tegenaria pagana -complex of Brignoli (1971a, 1977a) may represent this variation. The small posterior denticles on the epigyne of Teg. marinae are also found in some specimens of otherwise characteristic Teg. pagana and may reflect this variation. Here, we follow Levy and regard Teg. cerrutii Brignoli, 1971, Teg. marinae Brignoli, 1971, and Teg. baronii Brignoli, 1977, as junior synonyms of Teg. pagana C. L. Koch, 1940.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26FB61154CAFBE5C5161290	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26EB6175791FA56C30516AE.text	BD701413E26EB6175791FA56C30516AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria parietina (Fourcroy 1785)	<div><p>TEGENARIA PARIETINA (FOURCROY, 1785)</p> <p>(FIGS 1E, F, 21N–R)</p> <p>Aranea parietina Fourcroy, 1785: 533.</p> <p>Aranea phalangiodes Fourcroy, 1785: 535.</p> <p>Tegenaria domestica: Walckenaer, 1805: 49, pl. 6, figs 53, 54 (misidentified); Audouin, 1826: 312, pl. 1, fig. 2 (female, misidentification); Blackwall, 1861: 163–165, pl. 11, fig. 105 (misidentification).</p> <p>Tegenaria murina Walckenaer, 1805: 50; Walckenaer, 1842: 6, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria saxatilis C. L. Koch, 1834: 125, pl. 20, male.</p> <p>Trichopus libratus ‘C. M.’, 1834: 10; synonymized by Murphy &amp; Merrett (2000: 7).</p> <p>Tegenaria guyonii Guérin-Méneville, 1829 –1844: pl. 2, fig. 1; Walckenaer, 1842: 5, male; Lucas, 1846: 241, 242.</p> <p>Tegenaria intricata C. L. Koch, 1841: 29, 30, figs 610, 611.</p> <p>Tegenaria parietina: Simon, 1875: 59–61, pl. 5, fig. 4.</p> <p>No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Albania (1 ♂); Belgium (8 ♂); Bulgaria (3 ♂); Croatia (3 ♂, 4 ♀); France (3 ♂, 3 ♀); Germany (3 ♂); United Kingdom (1 ♂); Greece (11 ♂, 22 ♀); Italy (22 ♂, 55 ♀); Malta (1 ♀); Portugal (1 ♀); Spain (8 ♂, 10 ♀); Switzerland (2 ♂, 2 ♀). Africa: Algeria (1 ♀, 2 ♀); Egypt (1 ♂, 2); South Africa (1 ♂); Tunisia (1 ♂). Asia: Israel (4 ♂, 2 ♀); Lebanon (5 ♀); Syria (1 ♂); Turkey (3 ♂, 2 ♀). Central America: West Indies (1 ♂). South America: Paraguay (1 ♂)</p> <p>.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>See the Diagnosis section for Teg. ferruginea. See also Oxford &amp; Merrett (2000).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Information about the high levels of variation was provided by Oxford &amp; Merrett (2000). Good drawings of male and female were also provided by Locket &amp; Millidge (1953), Roberts (1985), and Levy (1996). Some additional information is provided here.</p> <p>Measurements: Female (N = 1): CL 5.32, CW 3.92, STL 2.44, STW 2.29, OL 5.92, OW 4.01. Leg I (7.30, 2.11, 6.90, 7.58, 3.06), II (6.59, 1.93, 6.07, 6.75, 2.76), III (5.62, 1.59, 4.61, 5.70, 2.17), IV (7.09, 1.99, 6.28, 8.45, 2.61). Pedipalp (2.28, 0.89, 1.39, 2.22). EPL 0.56, EPW 1.29, ATL 0.30, ATW 0.73. Eyes: PME 0.20, PLE 0.22, AME 0.18, ALE 0.23. Eye distances: PME–PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1 x PME, PME–ALE 1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME– ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2.5–3 x AME, CLY2 1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch broad, lobe-like, distally moderately protruding, distinct ridge, lateral branch broad and flat, protruding, distally obliquely truncated, dorsal branch strongly sclerotized, protruding, as long as wide, distally obtusely and obliquely pointed, anteriorly with a stepped, small point. Filiform embolus length about 2.5 x CB, originating at 8 o’clock position, distal tip at 3 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion strongly elongated and moderately curved, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part short, simple rounded plate, dorsal part platelike, shorter than ventral part. Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, with undulated margin.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with small, pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite expressed as extensively sclerotized bar with anterior margin concave (semicircled). CO laterally of the membranous median area between this area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. Only very first part (CD) of CBD moderately sclerotized, the rest strongly sclerotized and convoluted, with a smaller anterior (not really a spiral) and a larger posterior spiral region. Ducts are separated by more than three duct diameters. FD only represented by small, leafshaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin and retromargin both with four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus present. Tarsal trichobothria eight to ten. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 13–14. Leg spination: leg femora (1–3–2–0 or 1–3–3–0, 1–3–2–0, 1–3–2–0, 1–1– 2–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0, 0–1–0–1 or 0–2– 0–1, 2–2–1–2, 2–1–1–2 or 2–2–2–2), tarsi (I–IV 0, sometimes IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with three crescentshaped, darkened spots, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, strongly serrated, sometimes not continuous. Sternum with distinct pale median band, posteriorly very narrow or fused (sometimes with small dark spot in the middle of the posterior half of the pale median band), and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish, laterally moderately yellowish mottled, dorsally with a reddish median band, in some specimens strongly expressed, in others absent. Anteriolaterally of red median band, short black bands and more laterally yellowish. More posteriodorsally there are one or two symmetrical white spots and four to five indistinct chevrons more posteriad. Legs annulated, very differently expressed. Colulus partly darkened, ALS moderately darkened, PLS with basal segment darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Mediterranean region and Central and northern European countries. Also reported from Central and South America (probably introduced).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Individuals of Teg. parietina are the largest spiders of the genus. It can often be found at the entrances of caves but never deep inside, and in buildings. Specimens of this species show high levels of variation in size and in the intensity of the colour pattern, ranging from almost grey and lacking annulations to distinctive patterns with annulations.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26EB6175791FA56C30516AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E268B61554FCFE7CC07B14A1.text	BD701413E268B61554FCFE7CC07B14A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria parmenidis Brignoli 1971	<div><p>TEGENARIA PARMENIDIS BRIGNOLI, 1971</p> <p>(FIGS 18N–Q, 22C–K)</p> <p>Tegenaria parmenidis Brignoli, 1971a: 115–117, figs 74, 75, female; Brignoli, 1977a: 52, fig. 34.</p> <p>First description of male.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Italy: Campania: Salerno, Novi Velia, ♀ (MCSN, 543), 2.x.1967, Brignoli.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (17 ♂, 39 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria parmenidis belongs to a species group together with Teg. circeoensis sp. nov., Teg. capolongoi, and Teg. sbordonii. The most useful characters for separating these species are the shape of the RTA, the bifid terminal end of the conductor, the presence/ absence of pockets at the median plate of the epigyne, and the location of the copulatory openings.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 3.75, CW 3.05, STL 1.84, STW 1.81, OL 4.39, OW 2.91. Leg I (5.54, 1.40, 5.04, 5.98, 2.67), II (5.05, 1.33, 4.21, 5.33, 2.34), III (4.56, 1.31, 3.76, 5.10, 2.38), IV (5.44, 1.25, 4.98, 6.60, 2.46), Pedipalp (2.29, 0.74, 1.15, 1.60), bulbL 1.34. Female (N = 1): CL 3.16, CW 2.53, STL 1.59, STW 1.54, OL 5.13, OW 3.60. Leg I (4.10, 1.26, 3.83, 3.94, 2.27), II (3.80, 1.17, 3.24, 3.62, 1.93), III (3.47, 1.12, 2.72, 3.53, 1.64), IV (4.31, 1.28, 3.85, 4.73, 1.87). Pedipalp (1.59, 0.62, 0.95, 1.37). EPL 0.56, EPW 1.11, ATL 0.26, ATW 0.44. Eyes: PME 0.17–0.19, PLE 0.18– 0.20, AME 0.13–0.20, ALE 0.18–0.21. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch indistinct but with distinct ventral ridge, distally moderately pointed, lateral and dorsal branch basally fused, distally lobe- or bulge-like. Filiform embolus length equal to CB, originating at 8 o’clock position, terminal part strongly bent, distal tip at 2 o’clock position. Conductor very distinct and complex with distal portion elongated and moderately curved, lateral margin completely folded, with bulge-like structure at origin of conductor. Terminal end strongly bifid, ventral part (functional) distally simple and sharply pointed, dorsal part ventrally with massive claw-like appendage, dorsally broadly flattened. Connection of conductor to tegulum membranous. MA originating at 6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, with undulated margin.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct, trapezoidal atrial region, clearly separated from the epigynal plate by a sclerotized ridge. Medially of this atrium there is a distinct pocket, opening anteriad. Posterior sclerite absent. CO expressed as distinct holes, directly anterior of the pocket, opening anteriad. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD short and straight, leading into globular, smoothly sclerotized RC, RC separated by about their diameter. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 11–12. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0 or 2–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–3–2–0, 2–3–3–0 or 3–2–1–0, 2–2–2–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0 or 0–0–0–1p or 2–0–0–0 or 2–0–0–1p (dorsal spines indistinct), 0, 2–1–1–1, 2–1–1–1], metatarsi (0–0–0– 3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–2–3p+1, 0–2–2–1p+1+2p+1 or 0–2–3–1p+1+2p+1 or 0–3–2–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with three broad, crescent-shaped, darkened spots, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, serrated and continuous. Chelicerae medially with darkened spot. Sternum anteriorly with distinct pale median band, reaching only the middle, four symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally and posteriorly, moderately fused. Opisthosoma brownish-yellowish mottled, dorsally with a distinct, yellowish median band (most anteriorly darkened) with two pairs of white spots laterally, four indistinct chevrons more posteriad. Legs annulated. Colulus partly darkened, ALS ventrally and dorsally darkened, PLS with basal segment black, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Italy. Previously known only from the type locality in Campania, here also reported from Calabria and Sicily.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Tegenaria parmenidis together with Teg. capolongoi, Teg. circeoensis sp. nov., and Teg. sbordonii form a morphologically well-defined species group, restricted to southern Italy.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E268B61554FCFE7CC07B14A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26AB61554E9FC67C57D12AA.text	BD701413E26AB61554E9FC67C57D12AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria parvula THORELL 1875	<div><p>TEGENARIA PARVULA THORELL, 1875, STAT. REV. (FIG. 20J–M)</p> <p>Tegenaria parvula Thorell, 1875b: 94, female; Thorell, 1875a: 78, female; Brignoli, 1971a: 97–101, figs 46– 50.</p> <p>Tegenaria velox Chyzer &amp; Kulczyn´ ski, 1897: 168, 169, pl. 6, fig. 28, female, s yn. nov.</p> <p>Tetrilus strandi Caporiacco, 1936: 355, 356, fig. 5, male; Caporiacco, 1938: 39, fig. 2, female; Lehtinen, 1967: 267; synonymized by Brignoli, 1977a: 45.</p> <p>Malthonica parvula: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>No type material examined. The female holotype was examined and drawn by Brignoli (1971a).</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria velox: Holotype. Romania: Caras- Severin, Herkulesfürdö (Polyana Stana Pogara, Rablobarlang), ♀ (HNHM, Araneae-5), iv., Chyzer.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (7 ♂, 13 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria parvula is very closely related to Teg. silvestris. Females can easily be separated by the distinctly different epigyne. Males are more difficult to separate but the most useful characters are the dorsal branch of the RTA, the median protrusion of the tegulum, and the distal portion of the conductor.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 3.31–3.90, CW 2.54– 3.07, STL 1.57–1.89, STW 1.58–1.92. Leg I (3.51–4.47, 1.29–1.45, 3.35–4.18, 3.53–4.57, 2.15–2.40), II (3.17– 4.00, 1.17–1.38, 2.79–3.54, 3.13–3.53, 1.80–1.84), III (2.50–2.90, 0.86–1.05, 2.21–2.26, 2.21–2.84, 1.12– 1.47), IV (3.78–4.55, 1.21–1.38, 3.21–3.91, 3.98–4.97, 1.82–2.21). Pedipalp (1.72, 0.55–0.63, 0.49–0.51, 2.20– 2.25), bulbL 1.90–1.96. Female (N = 1): CL 3.46, CW 2.70, STL 1.74, STW 1.75. Leg I (3.76, 1.24, 3.32, 3.66, 2.04), II (3.22, 1.18, 2.72, 2.96, 1.63), III (3.14, 1.19, 2.37, 3.07, 1.55), IV (3.99, 1.27, 3.36, 4.28, 1.84). Pedipalp (1.49, 0.63, 0.91, 1.48). EPL 0.51, EPW 0.85, ATL 0.24, ATW 0.26. Eyes: PME 0.18, PLE 0.19–0.20, AME 0.14–0.19, ALE 0.19–0.21. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE ≤ 0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 1 x PME, AME– AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5 x AME, CLY2 0.5–1 x ALE.</p> <p>Other morphological characters: All other morphological characters (except some details of the genital morphology) examined lie within the variation presented for Teg. silvestris.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from central to northern Italy and Romania.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Brignoli (1971a) suggested that most citations of Teg. silvestris L. Koch from Italy may refer to Teg. parvula. The present study does not support this as both forms occur in Italy.</p> <p>The synonymy of Teg. velox Chyzer with Teg. parvula is based on our examination of the female holotype of the former. No additional material, in particular no males, are presently known of this taxon from Romania. No differences could be found between the holotype of Teg. velox and Italian material of Teg. parvula and the two are therefore synonymized here. Males from Romania will be necessary to confirm this synonymy.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26AB61554E9FC67C57D12AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E26AB61A572EFA72C0261200.text	BD701413E26AB61A572EFA72C0261200.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria percuriosa Brignoli 1972	<div><p>TEGENARIA PERCURIOSA BRIGNOLI, 1972</p> <p>(FIG. 17W)</p> <p>Tegenaria percuriosa Brignoli, 1972: 176, 177, figs 18, 21, female; Brignoli, 1978b: 44, fig. 11 (grouping information).</p> <p>Tegenaria boitanii Brignoli, 1978c: 518, 519 (only male; see Gasparo, 2007: figs 100, 101).</p> <p>Tegenaria bithyniae Brignoli, 1978c: 515, fig. 97, female, syn. nov.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotypes and paratypes. Turkey: Isparta: Anamas, ‘ Grotta Zindan Magarasi’, 3 ♀ (MCSN, 543), 11.viii.1967, Brignoli &amp; Sbordoni.</p> <p>Sub Teg. boitanii: Holotype. Turkey: Bolu: Abant, ♂ (female paratype is Teg. argaeica, MHNG), 17.vii.1971, Brignoli &amp; Vigna.</p> <p>Sub Teg. bithyniae: Holotypes and paratypes. Turkey: Bolu: Abant, 4 ♀ (holotype: MHNG; paratypes: MCSN, 100, 544), 24.vi.1971, 17.vii.1971, Brignoli &amp; Osella.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Turkey (2 ♂, 20 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A redescription with all relevant information was provided by Gasparo (2007).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Turkey (Bolu, Isparta, Konya, Sinop, and Tokat) and Bulgaria without detailed data (Deltshev, 1993; see also Gasparo, 2007).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The taxonomy of Teg. percuriosa, Teg. bithyniae, and Teg. boitanii is confused. Based on recently collected specimens from the type locality of Teg. percuriosa, Gasparo (2007) assigned the male holotype of Teg. boitanii to Teg. percuriosa.</p> <p>Our examination of the type material of Teg. percuriosa and Teg. bithyniae showed that the latter species is a junior synonym of Teg. percuriosa. The drawings of Teg. bithyniae by Brignoli (1978c: 517, fig. 97) and Deltshev (1993: 169, fig. 1) show the transparent epigyne in an anteroventral view. If viewed from dorsal or ventral, the same structure of the identical specimens looks like pictures presented by Brignoli (1972: 172, fig. 18) and Gasparo (2007: 101, figs 7, 8).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E26AB61A572EFA72C0261200	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E265B61A54B3FAC2C0F01072.text	BD701413E265B61A54B3FAC2C0F01072.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria pieperi BRIGNOLI 1979	<div><p>TEGENARIA PIEPERI BRIGNOLI, 1979 (FIG. 17S, T)</p> <p>Tegenaria pieperi Brignoli, 1979b: 194, fig. 27, female.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Crete: Sitia, Megalo Katahgi, Ag. Georgios, ♀ (MCSN, 542), 21.v.1977, Pieper.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece (4 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A description, including measurements, was provided by Brignoli (1979b). Additional drawings also provided by Brignoli (1984: 308, fig. 29).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Crete, Greece.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E265B61A54B3FAC2C0F01072	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E265B61B5798FF52C344135A.text	BD701413E265B61B5798FF52C344135A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria pindosiensis Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA PINDOSIENSIS SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 19L, M, 20W–Z)</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Epirus, Pindos-Mountains, street between Karpenisi and Agrinio, ♀ (SMF), 28.ii.2006, Schönhofer.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The species epithet is derived from the name of the mountain range in northern Greece and southern Albania where the only known specimen of this species was collected.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria pindosiensis sp. nov. is most similar to Tegenaria regispyrrhi but differs in the epigyne having a uniformly shaped median plate without transversal rim (strongly sclerotized transversal rim present in Teg. regispyrrhi), the distally pointed projections of lateral margin of median region (‘pseudo teeth’), and the run of the first part of the CD being strongly convoluted.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Female (holotype): CL 1.86, CW 1.36, STL 0.99, STW 0.95, OL 3.33, OW 2.19. Leg I (1.69, 0.67, 1.45, 1.49, 1.03), II (1.53, 0.67, 1.18, 1.35, 0.84), III (1.47, 0.55, 1.07, 1.30, 0.74), IV (2.38, 0.87, 2.10, 2.42, 1.02). Pedipalp (0.73, 0.33, 0.46, 0.78). EPL 0.36, EPW 0.48, ATL 0.14, ATW 0.35. Eyes: PME 0.10, PLE 0.11, AME 0.07, ALE 0.13. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 2–2.5 x AME, CLY2 0.5–1 x ALE.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with pale area, strongly sclerotized, only laterally separated from epigynal plate. ‘Pseudo teeth’ present. Posterior sclerite absent. CO lateral of pale median area. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD hardly detectable, only slightly sclerotized. RC globular and together with FD enclosed in a sclerotized structure. RC separated by 0.5 x their diameter anteriorly. RC and FD distinctly and conspicuously visible through epigynal plate.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three teeth, retromargin with four equally sized teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria at palp tarsus and cymbium absent. Tarsal trichobothria five to six. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I nine. Leg spination: female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–0–0, 2–1–1–0, 2–1–1–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (1–0–0–1+1p, 2–1–0–1, 2–2–1–1 or 2–2–2–1, 2–2–2–2p+1 or 2–2–2–3+1p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–2–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace narrowly darkened with three crescent-shaped spots, dorsally with two longitudinal symmetrical dark bands, moderately serrated. Sternum with distinct pale median band and laterally three symmetrical pale dots, most posterior pair moderately fused with median band. Opisthosoma dark brownish with yellowish median band and dots (mottled, may partly be caused by alcohol preservation) forming chevrons posteriorly. Legs annulated. Colulus darkened. ALS darkened, PLS with dark basal and pale distal segment.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The morphology of the male genitalia is so distinct that despite the lack of more material the new species is described from a single male only.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E265B61B5798FF52C344135A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E264B61854D5FB15C0E91072.text	BD701413E264B61854D5FB15C0E91072.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria podoprygorai (Kovblyuk 2006) Revision	<div><p>TEGENARIA PODOPRYGORAI (KOVBLYUK, 2006) COMB. NOV.</p> <p>Malthonica podoprygorai Kovblyuk, 2006: 24–26, figs 1–10.</p> <p>No material examined.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description was provided by Kovblyuk (2006).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Ukraine.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The presence of a colulus, the number of cheliceral teeth, and the genital characters place this species clearly into Tegenaria.</p> <p>TEGENARIA RACOVITZAI SIMON, 1907</p> <p>(FIG. 17C, F, G, M, N)</p> <p>Tegenaria racovitzai Simon, 1907: 548, 549, fig. 3b, male; Ribera &amp; Barrientos, 1986: 191–193, figs 6, 7, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria antrorum Simon, 1916: 211, female, syn. nov.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Spain: Aragon: Huesca, Hoya de Huesca, Fanlo, ‘ Cueva abaho de los Gloces’, ♂, 1 juv. (MNHN, 1965, 45, 23627), 20.viii.1905, Racovitza &amp; Janel.</p> <p>Sub Tegenaria antrorum: syntypes. France: Pyrénées-Orientales: Prades, Villefranche-de- Conflent, ‘ Grotte de Villefranche’, 2 ♀ (MNHN, 1965, 581), Simon.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Spain (3 ♂).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria racovitzai can be recognized by the distinct reduced conductor, the distinct epigyne with sharply pointed ‘pseudo teeth’, and the posterior sclerite having a convex anterior margin.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: A description of female, including some measurements, was provided by Ribera &amp; Barrientos (1986).</p> <p>Male (N = 1): CL 4.22, CW 2.98, STL 2.16, STW 1.81, OL 4.70, OW 2.78. Leg I (5.24, 1.66, 5.26, 5.55, 3.01), II (5.05, 1.60, 4.82, 5.56, 2.78), III (4.79, 1.49, 4.40, 5.75, 2.60), IV (6.01, 1.84, 5.38, 7.00, 3.40). Pedipalp (1.84, 0.66, 0.92, 1.77), bulbL 1.01. Female (N = 1): CL 3.66, CW 2.65, STL 1.92, STW 1.68. Leg I (4.41, 1.28, 3.90, 4.40, 2.36), II (4.25, 1.35, 3.79, 4.27, 2.24), III (3.86, 1.23, 3.36, 4.31, 1.85), IV (4.83, 1.26, 4.39, 5.76, 1.78). Pedipalp (1.51, 0.60, 0.98, 1.61). EPL 0.72, EPW 1.11, ATL 0.22, ATW 0.39. Eyes: PME 0.14–0.15, PLE 0.15–0.16, AME 0.10–0.11, ALE 0.16– 0.17. Eye distances: PME–PME 1–1.5 x PME, PME– AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE 0.5–1 x AME. CLY1 2.5 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch long, drawn-out bulge with distinct ventral ridge, lateral branch much smaller, protruding and distally pointed, dorsal branch strongly sclerotized, broadly protruding, moderately longer than wide, distally broadly truncated. Filiform embolus length about 1.5 x CB, originating at 8–9 o’clock position, distal tip at 2 o’clock position. Conductor reduced to transparent lamelliform appendage with lateral margin moderately folded. Terminal end simple and moderately pointed. Connection of conductor to tegulum membranous or moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 4–5 o’clock position, moderately protruding, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, with continuous margin.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite expressed as sclerotized bulge with anterior margin convex. CO between the membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ present and sharply pointed. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD very short leading into globular, smoothly sclerotized RC. RC almost touching each other. An additional small globular structure (second pair of RC) attached to the large RC, which are visible through the epigynal plate. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with four to five teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to nine. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–0–2–0), female palp (2–1–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (1–2–0–2p+1 or 1–2–2–2p+1 or 1–2–0–3p, 1–2– 2–1+2p or 1–2–2–3p, 1–2–2–2+1p or 1–2–2–3p, 1–2– 2–2+1p or 1–2–2–3p), metatarsi (0–2–2–3p+1, 0–3–2– 3p+1, 2–3–3–3p+1, 2–3–3–3p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: No coloration pattern visible on the specimens examined.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from northern Spain and south-west France (Pyrenees region).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Simon (1907) assigned Teg. racovitzai to his Tegenaria domestica -group. Later, he described Teg. antrorum (Simon, 1916), which he placed near Teg. racovitzai within his Tegenaria armigera -group. Fage (1931) agreed with this placement, in contrast to Brignoli (1977c) who mentioned that Teg. racovitzai does not show close affinities to any of the Tegenaria domestica, atrica, or armigera / oribata -groups. In our analyses, the original hypothesis of Simon had most support because Teg. racovitzai represents a basal branch of Tegenaria (Figs 3, 7).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E264B61854D5FB15C0E91072	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E267B6185776FF52C46C15EC.text	BD701413E267B6185776FF52C46C15EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria ramblae Barrientos 1978	<div><p>TEGENARIA RAMBLAE BARRIENTOS, 1978, STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIG. 16S–V)</p> <p>Tegenaria ramblae Barrientos, 1978: 217–220, figs 1– 3, female; Barrientos &amp; Ribera, 1992: 122–127, figs 1, 2a, b, male.</p> <p>Malthonica ramblae: Deltshev, 2008b: 43.</p> <p>No type material examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>France (2 ♀); Portugal (13 ♂, 19 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Detailed descriptions, including measurements, were provided by Barrientos (1978, female) and Barrientos &amp; Ribera (1992, male).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Portugal and central to west Spain.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E267B6185776FF52C46C15EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E267B6185777FCB2C5771307.text	BD701413E267B6185777FCB2C5771307.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria regispyrrhi BRIGNOLI 1976	<div><p>TEGENARIA REGISPYRRHI BRIGNOLI, 1976,</p> <p>SENSU LATO</p> <p>Amongst the material referred to Teg. regispyrrhi, four female morphotypes are recognized. Only for one morphotype are males available. These include the holotype of Teg. regispyrrhi. Here, the remaining three morphotypes lacking males are characterized but not formally described.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E267B6185777FCB2C5771307	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E267B619577BFBC5C55514EE.text	BD701413E267B619577BFBC5C55514EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria regispyrrhi BRIGNOLI 1976	<div><p>TEGENARIA REGISPYRRHI BRIGNOLI, 1976</p> <p>(FIG. 24A–D)</p> <p>Tegenaria regispyrrhi Brignoli, 1976b: 569–571, figs 54, 56, 58</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Trikala: Malakasi, ♂ (MCSN, 544), 28.ix.1966, Brignoli.</p> <p>Paratypes. Same data as for holotype, 2 ♀; Ioannina: Metsovon, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 100), 22.vii.1971, Osella; ‘ 3 km après Karies: en direction de Elati’, 1 ♀ (MHNG), 26.iv.1973, Mahnert.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece: Ioannina: ‘ Passo Katava’, 1 ♂ (MSNB), 4.vi.1991, Giachino; ‘ E Ioannina, near E92’, 1 ♀ (SMF), 2.iv.2006, Schönhofer; Kefallonia: 1 ♀ (SMF, coll. Roewer, 5972); Trikala: ‘street E92 btw. Panagia and Metsovo’, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (SMF), 2.iv.2006, Schönhofer.</p> <p>Description (Teg. regispyrrhi sensu stricto)</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 2.84, CW 2.14, STL 1.45, STW 1.37. Leg I (2.87, 1.08, 2.67, 2.74, 1.81), II (2.74, 0.99, 2.27, 2.50, 1.62), III (2.59, 0.93, 1.98, 2.54, 1.38), IV (3.21, 1.03, 2.78, 3.46, 1.74). Pedipalp (1.58, 0.58, 0.56, 1.35), bulbL 0.98. Female (N = 2): CL 2.11–</p> <p>3.20, CW 1.54–2.22, STL 1.17–1.59, STW 1.08–1.45. Leg I (2.07–2.75, 0.83–1.01, 1.80–2.41, 1.75–2.47, 1.24–1.48), II (1.92–2.67, 0.76–1.08, 1.49–2.11, 1.61– 2.34, 1.02–1.45), III (1.82–2.44, 0.68–1.01, 1.31–1.89, 1.57–2.35, 0.97–1.26), IV (2.23–3.22, 0.71–1.11, 1.80– 2.78, 2.28–3.31, 1.13–1.51). Pedipalp (0.87–1.30, 0.41– 0.56, 0.58–0.78, 0.88–1.21). EPL 0.32–0.45, EPW 0.52– 0.70, ATL 0.14–0.25, ATW 0.36–0.51. Eyes: PME 0.11– 0.14, PLE 0.11–0.17, AME 0.07–0.09, ALE 0.12–0.14. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE ≤ 0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME ≤ 0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 2.5–3 x AME, CLY2 1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch indistinct, flat, long, drawn-out bulge with distinct ventral ridge, lateral branch strong and straight, protruding, thorn-like, dorsal branch large, leaf-shaped, and strongly protruding, bent and distally pointed. Filiform embolus length about 1.5 x CB, originating at 8–9 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor irregularly shaped with distal portion strongly elongated and moderately bent, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end not bifid, indistinctly pointed. Connection of conductor to tegulum membranous. MA originating at 5–6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with bifid platelike sclerite, one part hook-like and elongated, the other part broadly pointed. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, moderately undulated.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct atrium (even though the CO are not situated in this atrium), anteriorly separated from the epigynal plate by a prominent triangularly or trapezoidally shaped ridge. Posterior sclerite absent. CO anterolateral of the prominent ridge distinctly visible as gaps. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD, all structures are fused together into a strongly sclerotized structure. CD long and straight (difficult to observe), leading into globular RC, RC separated by about their diameter. FD long and convoluted, terminally leading into small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with three to four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria five to seven. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I nine to ten. Leg spination: male palp [2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 0–2–0–0 (not clear if these are dorsal or prolateral spines)], female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–0–0 or 2–2–1–0, 2–1–2–0 or 2–2–0–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–2–0, 1–1–1–0 or 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1– 0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0 or 2–0–0–1+1p or 2–0–0–3p or 2–1–0–3p or 2–2–0–3p, 2–1–0–2+1p or 2–1–0–3p or 2–2–0–1+1p or 2–2–0–2+1p, 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1 or 1–3–3– 3p+1, 1–3–3–3p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with three narrow, crescent-shaped, darkened spots, sometimes connected, dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, serrated. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale spots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish, laterally with yellowish spots, dorsally with indistinct yellowish chevrons. Legs annulated. Colulus partly darkened, ALS darkened, PLS with basal segment darkened (pale in other specimens, may be a result of alcohol preservation), distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E267B619577BFBC5C55514EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E266B619574DFBA2C50212CC.text	BD701413E266B619574DFBA2C50212CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria regispyrrhi BRIGNOLI 1976	<div><p>TEGENARIA AFF. REGISPYRRHI (1) (FIG. 24E, F)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Greece: Kefallonia: Sami, ‘ d’entrée de la grotte Drogarati’, 1 ♀ (Teg. regispyrrhi, det. Brignoli, MHNG), 6.iv.1970, Hauser.</p> <p>Comments</p> <p>Slightly smaller than specimens of Teg. regispyrrhi (CL 1.73, CW 1.29). Coloration pattern not visible on specimen at hand; may be a result of ethanol preservation. Differs from Teg. regispyrrhi in slightly different spination patterns (e.g. no spines at tarsi) and the epigyne and vulva.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E266B619574DFBA2C50212CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E266B6195748F986C4201073.text	BD701413E266B6195748F986C4201073.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria regispyrrhi BRIGNOLI 1976	<div><p>TEGENARIA AFF. REGISPYRRHI (2) (FIG. 24G, H)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Greece: Corfu: Ipsos, ‘pâturages avec oliviers près de l’hôtel Ipsos Beach’, 1 ♀ (Teg. regispyrrhi, det. Brignoli, MHNG), 9.iv.1972, Hauser.</p> <p>Comments</p> <p>Similar in size (CL 2.83, CW 2.16) to Teg. regispyrrhi. Coloration pattern similar. Differs from Teg. regispyrrhi in the slightly different spination patterns (e.g. no spines at tarsi) and the epigyne and vulva.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E266B6195748F986C4201073	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E261B61E54A6FF53C038143D.text	BD701413E261B61E54A6FF53C038143D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria regispyrrhi BRIGNOLI 1976	<div><p>TEGENARIA AFF. REGISPYRRHI (3) (FIG. 24I, J)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Greece: Peloponnesos: Achaia, Peristera, 1 ♀ (coll. van Keer: 1967), 13.iv.2000, van Keer &amp; van Keer; Arkadia, Ano Karyes, Oros Likeo, 2 ♀ (coll. van Keer: 1840), 29.v.1998, van Keer &amp; van Keer.</p> <p>Comments</p> <p>Differs from Teg. regispyrrhi in the slightly different spination patterns and the epigyne and vulva.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The four morphotypes of Teg. regispyrrhi s.l. differ in size, spination patterns, and genital structures (e.g. shape of the prominent rim on the epigynal plate, the length of the FD). The four morphotypes are also geographically separated (Fig. 25), except for one specimen of Teg. regispyrrhi s.s. collected by Roewer in Kefallonia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E261B61E54A6FF53C038143D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E261B61E54D9FCF6C03B1133.text	BD701413E261B61E54D9FCF6C03B1133.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria rhodiensis CAPORIACCO 1948	<div><p>TEGENARIA RHODIENSIS CAPORIACCO, 1948</p> <p>Tegenaria rhodiensis Caporiacco, 1948: 40, 41, fig. 2, male; Brignoli, 1978c: 513, 514, figs 90–93, redescription with female.</p> <p>No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Turkey (4 ♂, 3 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Based on the seven examined specimens, Brignoli (1978c) provided a redescription of this species.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece (Rhodes; Caporiacco, 1948) and Turkey (Isparta, Konya; Brignoli, 1978c).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The type material is not traceable and Di Caporiacco’s (1948) description is not diagnostic. Brignoli’s concept [Brignoli, 1978c: sub Tegenaria (?) rhodiensis] is adopted here.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E261B61E54D9FCF6C03B1133	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E261B61E5482F9E4C29E14E7.text	BD701413E261B61E5482F9E4C29E14E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria rilaensis Deltshev 1993	<div><p>TEGENARIA RILAENSIS DELTSHEV, 1993, STAT. REV.</p> <p>Tegenaria rilaensis Deltshev, 1993: 171–173, figs 19– 23.</p> <p>Malthonica rilaensis: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Paratypes. Bulgaria: Rila Mountains, Zavrachitsa, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW), 2.viii.1993, Deltshev.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Bulgaria (1 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Several details and measurements were provided by Deltshev (1993). All examined characters mentioned for Teg. campestris were identical to this species except for slight differences in genital morphology.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Bulgaria (Rila Mountains).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Deltshev (1993: 170, 171, 2008b) mentioned that Teg. bozhkovi, Teg. montana, and Teg. rilaensis are closely related to Teg. campestris. To separate them he used (1) the size of the palp organ, the smallest being that of Teg. montana; (2) the shape of the ‘tegular apophysis’ (conductor); (3) the shape of the epigyne and vulva. His concept is difficult to apply to the material at hand and the identification of the female from the Rila Monastery is, therefore, tentative. In our molecular analyses, the genetic distance between Teg. campestris and Teg. rilaensis was large and the species were clearly separated. Additional material and analyses are necessary to clarify this problem.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E261B61E5482F9E4C29E14E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E261B61F577DFBA5C37515DE.text	BD701413E261B61F577DFBA5C37515DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria sbordonii BRIGNOLI 1971	<div><p>TEGENARIA SBORDONII BRIGNOLI, 1971, STAT. REV. (FIG. 18R, S)</p> <p>Tegenaria sbordonii Brignoli, 1971a: 112–115, figs 70– 73; Brignoli, 1977a: 52, fig. 35.</p> <p>Malthonica sbordonii: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Holotype. Italy: Lazio: Frosinone, Esperia, Grotta dei Serini, ♂ (MCSN, 543), 13.xii.1970, Sbordoni</p> <p>Paratype. Same data as for holotype, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 543); same location as holotype, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 543), 17.v.1970, Sbordoni; same locality as holotype, 1 ♀ (MCSN, 543), 17.i.1971, Circolo Speleologico Romano.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria sbordonii belongs to a species group together with Teg. circeoensis sp. nov., Teg. capolongoi, and Teg. parmenidis. The most useful characters for separating these species are the shape of the RTA, the bifid terminal end of the conductor, the presence/ absence of pockets on the median plate of the epigyne, and the location of the copulatory openings.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A description, including measurements, was provided by Brignoli (1971a). Some additional information is provided here.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with four teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Italy (Lazio).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Fieldwork in the region of Esperia conducted by A. Bolzern and R. Mühlethaler in May and June 2007 did not provide any specimens of Teg. sbordonii. The ‘Grotta dei Serini’ was not inspected, and it is possible that the species is restricted to caves.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E261B61F577DFBA5C37515DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E260B61F54F5FD62C035117A.text	BD701413E260B61F54F5FD62C035117A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria schmalfussi BRIGNOLI 1976	<div><p>TEGENARIA SCHMALFUSSI BRIGNOLI, 1976</p> <p>(FIG. 17U)</p> <p>Tegenaria schmalfussi Brignoli, 1976b: 571, 572, fig. 57, female.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Crete: Milatos, ‘ Grotta di Milatos’, ♀ (MCSN, 544), 23.viii.1972, Schmalfuss.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Greece (1 ♀).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria schmalfussi has moderately reduced eyes, distal segment of PMS almost 2 x longer than the basal segment, and very distinctly formed epigyne and vulva (Fig. 17U).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A description was provided by Brignoli (1976b).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece (Crete, Milatos cave).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>During a visit to the type locality in 2007, A. Bolzern found only specimens of Teg. parietina. At present this species remains represented only by two female specimens.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E260B61F54F5FD62C035117A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E260B61C54ECF90DC1FA1339.text	BD701413E260B61C54ECF90DC1FA1339.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria schoenhoferi Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA SCHOENHOFERI SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 14K, L, 15V, W)</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Corfu, between Acharavi and Portes, ♂ (SMF), 25.iii.2006, Schönhofer.</p> <p>Material not included in type series. Three subadult ♀ and 1 subadult ♂, same data as holotype.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named in honour of the arachnologist Axel Schönhofer (Germany) who has collected many spiders and provided them for this study; genitive singular case.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Tegenaria schoenhoferi sp. nov. can be separated from all other species by the distinctive RTA, the very strongly elongated, hook-like MA, and the distinctive conductor.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 2.79, CW 2.13, STL 1.46, STW 1.37, OL 2.93, OW 1.89. Leg I (3.32, 1.11, 3.19, 3.08, 1.58), II (2.85, 0.99, 2.61, 2.68, 1.45), III (2.74, 0.85, 2.09, 2.55, 1.23), IV (3.33, 0.98, 3.00, 3.54, 1.55). Pedipalp (1.38, 0.53, 0.43, 1.14), bulbL 0.91. Eyes: PME 0.13, PLE 0.14, AME 0.08, ALE 0.14. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2.5–3 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two distinct branches, ventral branch forming longitudinal ridge reaching three quarters of tibia length, lateral branch broad and strongly protruding, distally with straight, truncated ventral part and strongly elongated, finger-shaped dorsal protuberance. Filiform embolus length about 2–2.5 x CB, originating at 8–9 o’clock position, distal tip at 4–5 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion distinctly elongated, longer than wide, distally strongly bent and moderately acuminated, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end distinctly elongated, strongly sclerotized, and narrowly pointed. Connection of conductor to tegulum only partly sclerotized. MA originating at 5 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with narrow, elongated, hook-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three teeth, retromargin with six equally sized teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. PLS with distal segment as long as basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria at palp tarsus and cymbium absent. Distinctly long trichobothria dorsally on palp tibia. Tarsal trichobothria six to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I seven to eight. Leg spination: male palp (2–0– 0–0, 2–0–0, 1–0–2–0), leg femora (2–2–0–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–0–0, 2–2–2–0, 2–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (2–0–0–2p, 0–0–0–2 or 2–1–0–3, 2–2–1– 1p+1+1p or 2–2–1–3p, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–3p), metatarsi [0–0–0–1p or 0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1 (one leg with a chaotic pattern of several spines), 0–3–2– 3p+1, 1–3–3–3p+1], tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace with four narrow small, symmetrical dark spots, dorsally with two longitudinal symmetrical serrated dark bands, head region with narrow dark median strip. Chelicerae with extensive dark spots. Sternum with distinct pale median band and with three symmetrical pale dots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish with pale median band and seven to eight chevrons posteriad. Legs annulated. Colulus darkened. ALS darkened (ventrally more pronounced), PLS with basal segment darkened (dorsally more pronounced), distal segment pale. The subadult females show the same colour patterns.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece (Corfu).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Tegenaria schoenhoferi sp. nov. displays a very characteristic palp morphology and is, therefore, described despite the paucity of material and the lack of females.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E260B61C54ECF90DC1FA1339	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E263B61C54A2FBFDC0951128.text	BD701413E263B61C54A2FBFDC0951128.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria scopifera BARRIENTOS, RIBERA & PONS 2002	<div><p>TEGENARIA SCOPIFERA BARRIENTOS, RIBERA &amp; PONS, 2002</p> <p>Tegenaria scopifera Barrientos et al., 2002: 86–90, figs 1a, b, 2a, b, 3a, b.</p> <p>No material examined.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description, including measurements and good drawings, was provided by Barrientos et al. (2002).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Cabrera, Tagomago).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E263B61C54A2FBFDC0951128	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E263B61D54C8F9ECC1EE1072.text	BD701413E263B61D54C8F9ECC1EE1072.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria silvestris L. Koch 1872	<div><p>TEGENARIA SILVESTRIS L. KOCH, 1872, STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIGS 19A–B, D–E, VARIATION C, F–I, 20A–E, VARIATION F–I)</p> <p>Tegenaria silvestris L. Koch, 1872: 288–292; Chyzer &amp; Kulczyn´ ski, 1897: 167, pl. 6, figs 24, 27a, b.</p> <p>Tegenaria sylvestris: Müller &amp; Schenkel, 1895: 753, pl. 13, fig. 3.</p> <p>Malthonica silvestris: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Probable syntypes. Italy: Trentino-Alto Adige: Schlern, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (ex. coll. L.Koch, NHMW); Germany: ‘Fränkischer Jura’, 2 ♀ (ex. coll. L.Koch, NHMW).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (4 ♂, 9 ♀); Bulgaria (1 ♀); France (15 ♂, 33 ♀); Germany (14 ♂, 20 ♀); Italy (37 ♂, 43 ♀); Poland (1 ♀); Romania (1 ♀); Slovenia (1 ♂, 3 ♀); Serbia (1 ♂); Switzerland (8 ♂, 27 ♀)</p> <p>.</p> <p>Tegenaria cf. silvestris (all sub Teg. silvestris, det. Gruber and Thaler) (see discussion). Austria (3 ♂, 8 ♀); Italy (1 ♂, 1 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 3.79, CW 3.08, STL 2.01, STW 1.91, OL 4.56, OW 2.84. Leg I (4.71, 1.57, 4.59, 4.87, 2.69), II (4.40, 1.50, 3.91, 4.29, 2.34), III (4.06, 1.37, 3.16, 4.11, 2.11), IV (5.02, 1.48, 4.42, 5.39, 2.17). Pedipalp (2.16, 0.68, 0.60, 2.32), bulbL 1.79. Female (N = 1): CL 3.66, CW 2.75, STL 1.91, STW 1.79. Leg I (4.15, 1.42, 3.98, 4.17, 2.41), II (3.83, 1.37, 3.30, 3.73, 2.12), III (3.51, 1.25, 2.77, 3.70, 1.78), IV (4.51, 1.40, 3.96, 4.70, 1.99). Pedipalp (1.55, 0.68, 0.86, 1.80). EPL 0.56, EPW 0.92, ATL 0.40, ATW 0.42. Eyes: PME 0.17–0.19, PLE 0.18, AME 0.15– 0.17, ALE 0.18–0.20. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE 0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME–ALE &lt;&lt; 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5–2 x AME, CLY2 1 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch extensive, lobe-like with distinct ridge, distally moderately protruding, lateral and dorsal branch strongly sclerotized and with robust apophyses, basally fused together, dorsal branch larger than lateral one, distally moderately pointed. Filiform embolus length about 3.5–4 x CB, originating at 7–8 o’clock position, distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor strongly sclerotized, distal portion strongly elongated and arcuated, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part short, rounded plate-like (or hook-like as in Teg. cf. silvestris), dorsal part small, bulge-like. Connection of conductor to tegulum distinctly stepped, forming a protruding, bulge-like tegular apophysis. MA originating at 5–6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with claw-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, with discontinuous margin.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne with distinct median plate, anteriomedially continuously connected to strongly sclerotized epigynal plate. Posterior sclerite absent. CO anteriorly of median plate, distinct gaps. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. First part (CD) of CBD less sclerotized and moderately convoluted, proximal part strongly convoluted (great variation in length and convolution, e.g. Teg. cf. silvestris). FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with four to five teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially slightly notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 11. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0 or 2–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–1p+1–0 or 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0, 2–2–1–0 or 2–2–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 1–1–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae [0–0– 0–1+1p or 0–0–0–3p (2 small dorsal spines possible), 2–1–0–1+2p or 2–1–0–2 or 2–1–0–3 or 2–2–0–2 or 2–2–0–3, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3p, 2–2–2–1p+1+1p or 2–2–2–2+1p or 2–2–2–3p], metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3– 1+3p+1 or 0–3–3–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace narrowly darkened (three indistinct, crescent-shaped spots), dorsally with two symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, moderately reduced to triangular dots. Sternum with distinct pattern of narrow pale median band and three pairs of symmetrical pale dots laterally. Opisthosoma dark brownish, anteriorly with three pale bands, continuing in narrow chevrons posteriad. Legs annulated. ALS basally darkened, basal segment of PLS darkened, distal segment pale.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from nearly all of Europe (Blick et al., 2004; van Helsdingen, 2011).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>In the collection of the NHMW several specimens collected in the vicinity of Vienna and one in Italy differ slightly in genital morphology (Teg. cf. silvestris). The most conspicuous differences are the length and convolution of the CBD and the hook-shaped dorsal part of the terminal conductor end (Figs 19B, C, F–I, 20F–I). More material and analyses are required to decide whether these specimens represent aberrant specimens of Teg. silvestris or a separate species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E263B61D54C8F9ECC1EE1072	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E262B61D5796FF53C5E315B3.text	BD701413E262B61D5796FF53C5E315B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria taurica CHARITONOV 1947	<div><p>TEGENARIA TAURICA CHARITONOV, 1947</p> <p>Tegenaria taurica Charitonov, 1947: 47, figs 4, 5; Esyunin &amp; Farzalieva, 2001: 261–263, figs 1–5, redescription.</p> <p>No material examined.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed description, including measurements and spination patterns, was provided by Esyunin &amp; Farzalieva (2001). Information concerning the relationship of this species with Teg. lapicidinarum was provided by Kovblyuk (2004).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Ukraine (Autonomous Republic of Crimea; Esyunin &amp; Farzalieva, 2001).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E262B61D5796FF53C5E315B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E262B6235798FD70C5E91396.text	BD701413E262B6235798FD70C5E91396.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria tridentina L. KOCH 1872	<div><p>TEGENARIA TRIDENTINA L. KOCH, 1872</p> <p>(FIG. 23A–D)</p> <p>Tegenaria cubicularis C. L. Koch, 1834: 125, pl. 12; nomen oblitum (Simon, 1897, 1898, 1901, 1903: 251).</p> <p>Tegenaria tridentina L. Koch, 1872: 292–295, male; L. Koch, 1876: 301, 302, female.</p> <p>Tegenaria bremii Pavesi, 1875: 269, 270, male.</p> <p>Tegenaria austriaca Kulczyn´ ski, 1898: 100, pl. 2, fig. 78, female; synonymized by Kulczyn´ ski (1914) and recognized by Thaler (1963).</p> <p>Types</p> <p>Syntypes. Italy: Trentino-Alto Adige: ‘ Trient’, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW, ex. coll. L. Koch).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Austria (2 ♂, 1 ♀); France (2 ♀); Italy (2 ♂, 21 ♀); Slovenia (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Switzerland (3 ♂, 16 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (N = 1): CL 3.48, CW 2.49, STL 1.64, STW 1.65. Leg I (4.85, 1.45, 5.02, 5.27, 2.40), II (4.54, 1.41, 4.36, 4.82, 2.15), III (3.95, 1.20, 3.53, 4.32, 1.89), IV (4.90, -, -, -, -). Pedipalp (1.72, 0.59, 0.75, 1.46), bulbL 1.04. Female (N = 1): CL 3.78, CW 2.94, STL 2.00, STW 1.86. Leg I (4.72, 1.61, 4.59, 4.80, 2.34), II (4.51, 1.55, 4.02, 4.35, 2.08), III (4.10, 1.29, 3.34, 3.83, 1.49), IV (5.05, 1.50, 4.51, 5.50, 1.99). Pedipalp (1.71, 0.68, 1.15, 1.61). EPL 0.53, EPW 0.85, ATL 0.27, ATW 0.39. Eyes: PME 0.15–0.17, PLE 0.14– 0.19, AME 0.11–0.12, ALE 0.15–0.20. Eye distances: PME–PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME– PLE 0.5–1 x PME, PME–ALE 1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE ≤ 0.5 x AME. CLY1 2.5 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch leaf-like shaped, distally and ventrally with distinctly protruding ridge, distally moderately bent retrolaterad, lateral branch strongly sclerotized, as long as wide, distally broadly pointed or rounded, dorsal branch broad and strongly sclerotized, distally with strongly posteriad bent point. Filiform embolus length about 1.5–1.75 x CB, originating at 8 o’clock position, distinctive formed distal tip at 4 o’clock position. Conductor with distal portion distinctly elongated, lateral margin completely folded. Terminal end bifid, ventral part simple, pointed, dorsal part obtuse (retrolateral view) and with a bent point (ventral view). Connection of conductor to tegulum moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 5–6 o’clock position, strongly protruding, distally with hook- or claw-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible with undulated margin.</p> <p>Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with small, pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite expressed as extensively sclerotized bar or plate with anterior margin concave (semicircled). CO between the membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ absent. Vulva consists of CBD, no distinct RC recognizable. First half (CD) of CBD only moderately sclerotized and convoluted, second half strongly sclerotized and moderately convoluted. Ducts are well separated. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with five teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially moderately notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to eight. Small teeth on paired claws of leg I 13. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–2–0–0), female palp (2–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (1–2–2–0 or 1–3–2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 1–3–2–0, 1–2–2–0 or 1–3–2–0, 1–1–1–0.), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (0 or 0–0–0–1 or 0–0–0–2, 0–1–0–3, 2–2–1–1+1p or 2–2– 1–1p, 2–2–2–2+1p), metatarsi (0–0–0–3p+1, 0–1–0– 3p+1, 0–3–2–3p+1 or 0–3–3–3p+1, 0–3–3–1+3p+1), tarsi (I &amp; II 0, III &amp; IV 0–0–1–0).</p> <p>Coloration: Margin of carapace narrow continuously darkened, dorsally with two indistinct symmetrical longitudinal dark bands, reduced to triangular dots. Sternum with distinct pale median band and three symmetrical pairs of pale dots laterally or median band only reaching two thirds of STL, posteriorly with indistinctly separated fourth pair of dots. Opisthosoma brownish, with indistinct yellowish median band, anteriolaterally with symmetrical pale dots, posteriorly with chevrons. Legs annulated, more pronounced ventrally. Colulus basally darkened, ALS and basal segment of PLS darkened, distal segment also with dark pigments, but brighter.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from the Alps (Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>As mentioned in the Discussion for Teg. ferruginea Brignoli (1971a) confused the females of Teg. tridentina with Teg. ferruginea. All females in the collection of the Natural History Museum Verona (including the Brignoli collection) identified as Teg. ferruginea are in fact Teg. tridentina. We think that all records of females published by Brignoli under Teg. ferruginea refer to Teg. tridentina. Brignoli’s drawing (Brignoli, 1971a: 92, fig. 40) shows the vulva of Teg. tridentina (see Wiehle, 1964) and not Teg. ferruginea. As mentioned by Thaler (1987: 394), Brignoli’s drawings referring to Teg. campestris (Brignoli, 1971a: 102, figs 52, 54) most likely concern Teg. tridentina. As the corresponding specimen could not be traced in the MCSN, this cannot be confirmed. For all three specimens originally labelled as Teg. campestris, no further information about either locality or date is provided. In Brignoli’s collection, only one specimen could be found, which was determined as Teg. campestris and redetermined by Thaler (the year 1984 is indicated on the determination label) as Teg. tridentina. Males were correctly determined by Brignoli.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E262B6235798FD70C5E91396	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E25CB620576EFB2FC42211C9.text	BD701413E25CB620576EFB2FC42211C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria tyrrhenica DALMAS 1922	<div><p>TEGENARIA TYRRHENICA DALMAS, 1922, STAT. REV.</p> <p>(FIG. 21E–I)</p> <p>Tegenaria tyrrhenica Dalmas, 1922: 94, without any figures; Brignoli, 1971a: 68, figs 5–7; Dresco &amp; Célérier, 1976: 223–228, figs 1–9.</p> <p>Malthonica tyrrhenica: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164.</p> <p>No type material available.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Italy (7 ♂, 16 ♀).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>A detailed redescription was provided by Dresco &amp; Célérier (1976). In the same work, the authors presented interesting data about the variation in numbers of cheliceral teeth.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Italy (Liguria and Toscana).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Dalmas (1922) placed this species into Simon’s ‘ Tegenaria picta- group’. Owing to the lack of a good description with drawings, some years later, this species was synonymized by Simon (1937) with Aterigena ligurica (sub Tegenaria). Later, Brignoli (1971a: 68, figs 5–7) doubted this synonymy and provided drawings of his interpretation of Teg. tyrrhenica. Dresco &amp; Célérier (1976) agreed with Brignoli. They provided a very detailed redescription and suggested a close affinity to Teg. henroti and Teg. decolorata (at least in the male palp). The type specimen examined by Dresco &amp; Célérier (1976: 224, 1 ♂) could not be traced in the spider collection at the MNHN.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E25CB620576EFB2FC42211C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
BD701413E25FB6215792F887C5B8147E.text	BD701413E25FB6215792F887C5B8147E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tegenaria vankeerorum Bolzern & Burckhardt & Hänggi 2013	<div><p>TEGENARIA VANKEERORUM SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 19J, K, 24K–P)</p> <p>Female unknown. Type</p> <p>Holotype. Greece: Rhodos: Aghia Nikolaos Fountoukli, ‘crevices in caves’, ♂ (ex. coll. van Keer: 2617, NMB-ARAN 20683), 9.v.2006, van Keer &amp; van Keer.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named in honour of the Belgian arachnologists Johan and Koen van Keer who left many specimens, including the holotype, for examination; genitive singular case.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The RTA of Teg. vankeerorum sp. nov. is morphologically similar to Teg. lenkoranica Guseinov, Marusik &amp; Koponen, 2005, comb. nov. (Guseinov et al., 2005: 162, fig. 48). Tegenaria vankeerorum sp. nov. differs significantly from Teg. lenkoranica comb. nov. by a relatively short palp tibia (much longer in Teg. lenkoranica) and the shape of the embolus and conductor.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements: Male (holotype): CL 6.00, CW 4.15, STL 2.6, STW 2.3, OL 6.5, OW 3.9. Leg I (-), II (9.0, 2.2, 8.1, 9.9, 2.9), III (7.3, 2.0, 6.4, 9.1, 2.7), IV (8.7, 2.0, 8.2, 11.7, 3.1). Pedipalp (2.8, 0.9, 1.1, 2.3), bulbL 1.3. Eyes: PME 0.22, PLE 0.24, AME 0.23, ALE 0.27. Eye distances: PME–PME 1 x PME, PME–AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE somewhat less than 1 x PME, PME– ALE 1–1.5 x PME, AME–AME &lt;0.5 x AME, AME– ALE &lt;0.5 x AME. CLY1 2 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.</p> <p>Male palp: RTA with two branches, ventral branch distally broad, lobe-like, strongly sclerotized, lateroventral ridge distinct, lateral branch strongly protruding, originating in the middle of palp tibia, finger shaped and distally pointed, with additional short spike originating at the dorsal side of the apophysis. Filiform embolus length about 0.75–1 x CB, originating at 10 o’clock position, distal tip at 1–2 o’clock position. Conductor drop-shaped, distal portion of conductor moderately elongated, lateral margin almost completely folded. Terminal end of conductor strongly sclerotized and pointed, moderately elongated and bent ventrad. Connection of conductor to tegulum sclerotized. MA originating at 4–5 o’clock position, protruding, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal portion of tegulum conspicuously bulky (in prolateral view).</p> <p>Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with four, retromargin with five teeth, second most proximal smaller and most proximal tooth larger. Colulus developed as trapezoidal bulky plate with the distal margin medially notched. PLS with distal segment longer than basal segment. Tarsal tri- chobothria on cymbium absent. Tarsal trichobothria nine to ten. Leg spination: male palp (3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (-, 1–3–2–0, 1–2–2–0, 1–2–1–0), patellae (-, III &amp; IV with 2–0–0), tibiae (-, 0–1–0–2, 1–1–1–1+1p, 1–1–1–1+1p), metatarsi (-, 0–0–0–3p+1 or 0–1–0–3p+1, 0–2–2–1p+1+2p+1, 0–2–3–1p+1+2p+1), tarsi (all 0).</p> <p>Coloration: The carapace does not show a pattern of coloration (this may be a result of the alcohol preservation). Sternum with distinct pattern of darkened median area with a bright and narrow median band. Opisthosoma dark brownish with yellowish median band and two to three symmetrical lateral spots of white pigmentation anteriorly, continuing in broad chevrons posteriad. Legs not annulated, only coxa and proximal part of femora with darkened spots. ALS and PLS with basal and distal segments darkened.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Reported from Greece (Rhodos).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD701413E25FB6215792F887C5B8147E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bolzern, Angelo;Burckhardt, Daniel;Hänggi, Ambros	Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel, Hänggi, Ambros (2013): Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4): 723-848, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12040
