taxonID	type	description	language	source
916CBB25971C5771B5BD698346AD4015.taxon	description	Plate 1, fig. 10	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
916CBB25971C5771B5BD698346AD4015.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Fragmented right valve from the upper? member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 67).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
916CBB25971C5771B5BD698346AD4015.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The specimen represents a poorly preserved, nearly flat posterior fragment of a right valve. It is ornamented with broad, irregular growth folds and superimposed fine commarginal growth lines. Two oblique shallow grooves extend for some distance towards the ventral margin. As the outline of the specimen is not clear, its identification is questionable. Inoceramus stoliczkai Holdhaus (1913, p. 418, pl. 98, figs 10 - 11) from the Niti Pass, according to Crame (1981) and Zell et al. (2015) an Anopaea, differs in outline and in having well-spaced, far more acute commarginal folds.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0FDAA1B3F5545E559CE876A70EC578E5.taxon	description	Plate 3, figs 4 - 5	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0FDAA1B3F5545E559CE876A70EC578E5.taxon	materials_examined	Material. One internal mould of a left valve from the middle? member close to the pass to Tashigeng (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 44); one right valve, two right valve internal moulds, five left valveinternal moulds, and one crushed articulated specimen from the upper member close to the pass to Demul (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 44 - 46).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0FDAA1B3F5545E559CE876A70EC578E5.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The species differs from A. spitiensis in being less strongly oblique and less posteroventrally elongated. According to Holdhaus (1913, p. 413), the species is quite variable with respect to shape and ornamentation. Whether it is, in fact, conspecific with A. spitiensis cannot be evaluated with the present poorly preserved material.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
E93C388BEE0A58C8B85DA143EE13AAD3.taxon	description	Plate 3, fig. 3	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
E93C388BEE0A58C8B85DA143EE13AAD3.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Composite moulds of one articulated and one right valve and external moulds of fragments of one right and one left valve from the middle member, roadside close to Komic (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 43) and from the upper member close to Demul Pass (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 43).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
E93C388BEE0A58C8B85DA143EE13AAD3.taxon	description	Description. Poorly preserved composite and external moulds, some with remains of shell, obliquely elongated, higher than long (H: 25.8 mm, L: 23.1 mm). Mould of right valve moderately inflated, with distinctly sloping anterior and posterior flank and inconspicuous umbo; mould of left valve strongly inflated, umbo prominent, beak incurved, prosogyrate. Anterior and posterior margins sub-parallel, weakly convex, ventral margin strongly convex. Surface covered with numerous growth folds of varying strength. Anterior auricle of right valve concave, tongue-like, not level with commissure but directed slightly towards left valve.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
41BC791D8BD851B891CA7ACC5F81BBE2.taxon	description	Plate 3, figs 1, 2	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
41BC791D8BD851B891CA7ACC5F81BBE2.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Numerous composite moulds from the basal silty black shales of the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 18 - 20).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
41BC791D8BD851B891CA7ACC5F81BBE2.taxon	description	Description. Small-sized, feebly inflated, generally longer than high, obliquely ovate but occasionally suborbicular composite moulds. Dorsal margin short, straight, remaining margins well-rounded. Umbo inconspicuous, not protruding beyond dorsal margin and situated slightly anterior of mid-line of shell. Surface covered with 16 - 18 broad, rounded commarginal ribs, separated by narrow interstices.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
17F8A39D38F45D4C9C9AC167FFFA8590.taxon	description	Plate 3, fig. 13	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
17F8A39D38F45D4C9C9AC167FFFA8590.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single left valve partly in shell preservation, seen from the interior, from the lower member near the pass to Tashigeng (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 13).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
17F8A39D38F45D4C9C9AC167FFFA8590.taxon	description	Description. Shell suboval, higher than long (H: 22.2 mm, L: ~ 20 mm), moderately inflated, anteroventral, posteroventral and ventral margins rounded and regularly curved; antero- and posterodorsal margins of disc sub-straight. Anterior auricle large, distinctly set off from anterodorsal flank, which is more steeply sloping than posterodorsal flank. Tip of umbo and posterior auricle missing, anterior and posterior margin of disc also not fully preserved. Disc ornamented with thin, sharp, regularly spaced commarginal ribs and numerous thin divaricate radial grooves, separated by smooth, flat intervals about twice the width of the grooves. Umbonal area with thin radial riblets. Anterior auricle covered with spaced commarginal riblets intersected by thin radial riblets, creating a reticulate pattern.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
2BED6F23D62053E0B0EDEDB647AA0F18.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 2	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
2BED6F23D62053E0B0EDEDB647AA0F18.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single, incomplete right valve from the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 11).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
2BED6F23D62053E0B0EDEDB647AA0F18.taxon	description	Description. Somewhat abraded right valve with ventral part missing. Early disc suborbicular, equilateral, poorly inflated. Auricles well-demarcated from disc. Posterior auricle relatively small, forming obtuse angle with disc. Disc with ~ 19 radial plicae plus some very faint ones near anterior and posterior end. Number of plicae increasing ventrally by bifurcating. No growth lines or commarginal lamellae seen due to poor preservation.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
C8D017AD582A5015974F3E1CC77BA200.taxon	description	Plate 5, fig. 8	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
C8D017AD582A5015974F3E1CC77BA200.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single right valve internal mould with remains of shell from the lower member close to the pass to Tashigeng (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 40).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
C8D017AD582A5015974F3E1CC77BA200.taxon	description	Description. Specimen small, subequilateral, well-inflated, nearly as long as high (H: 17.2 mm; L: 16.6 mm). Umbo mesial, prominent, broad, protruding beyond hinge line, orthogyrate; beaks slightly prosogyrate and distinctly incurved. Anterior margin convex, ventral margin broadly arched, posterodorsal margin oblique, nearly straight, grading smoothly into rounded posteroventral margin. Posterodorsal margin forming a rounded shoulder with posterior margin. Two narrow parallel grooves, separated by equally narrow shell interval, extending from posterior side of umbo to posteroventral end of shell. Shell surface covered with fine, dense, commarginal striae. Hinge features not seen.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0F5022E8D5A15EC4A4C6631E0E99A8AD.taxon	materials_examined	Material. One small fragment from the Ferruginous Oolite Formation near Chichim (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 21).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0F5022E8D5A15EC4A4C6631E0E99A8AD.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The very small fragment of a thick shell carries large, rounded, somewhat irregular radial ribs. The fragment can be differentiated from the genus Trichites by lacking the prismatic shell structure of the latter, and from large ribbed oysters such as Actinostreon marshii by the rounded nature of the ribs. The fragment is too small to warrant photographic documentation. Infraclass Heteroconchia Hertwig, 1895 Order Trigoniida Dall, 1889	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
7AD95DD1AEF15CB7B61B38778613EBC8.taxon	description	Plate 3, fig. 11	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
7AD95DD1AEF15CB7B61B38778613EBC8.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Internal mould of a left valve from the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 15).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
7AD95DD1AEF15CB7B61B38778613EBC8.taxon	description	Description. Disc subovate, smooth, poorly inflated. Length 21.7 mm, height> 25 mm. Auricles well demarcated from disc, only partly preserved, anterior auricle apparently larger than posterior one. Anterior, posterior, and ventral margin forming a semi-circle.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4BE21CAC35935506A6BBD2A3D2EDD349.taxon	description	Plate 1, figs 8, 9	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4BE21CAC35935506A6BBD2A3D2EDD349.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Two right valves from the lower member at the Kaza-Hikkim road (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 2).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4BE21CAC35935506A6BBD2A3D2EDD349.taxon	description	Description. Shell strongly elongated, hinge line long, straight, position of umbo distinctly anterior of mid-line of the shell. Shallow umbonal sulcus widening ventrally and resulting in slight indentation of ventral margin. Umbonal ridge broadly rounded, area posterior of umbonal ridge concave. Surface covered with numerous delicate radial riblets and fine commarginal growth lines and, towards ventral margin, with several commarginal grooves corresponding to growth halts. Cardinal area narrow, attaining its greatest width below umbo. Posterior teeth long, extending parallel to dorsal margin of hinge plate, anterior teeth shorter, oblique, and directed posteriorly towards point below the hinge line.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
85397F7B858F5C20A5B1ADD9F8CA1EB7.taxon	description	Plate 1, figs 5 - 7; Fig. 3	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
85397F7B858F5C20A5B1ADD9F8CA1EB7.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Six right and four left valves and 18 articulated specimens in shell preservation from the lower member of the Spiti Shale Formation at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 5, 6, 8, 9), Kazam-Hikkim road (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 3), Kibber (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 7), and near the pass to Tashigeng (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 4). The specimens are invariably distorted due to compaction and partly incomplete.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
85397F7B858F5C20A5B1ADD9F8CA1EB7.taxon	description	Description. Shell rhomboidal to trapezoidal in outline, much longer than high (Fig. 3). Ventral margin straight to slightly sinuous, grading smoothly into curved anterior margin, which forms an angle of 80 - 90 ° with the hinge line. Posterior margin convex ventrally and straight, oblique dorsally, forming an angle of ~ 130 ° with hinge line. Hinge line straight. Posterodorsal carina pronounced near umbo, becoming rounded and indistinct towards posteroventral margin. Area posterior of umbonal ridge concave. Umbo situated one-third to two-fifths of hinge length from anterior end, forward directed and incurved. Ornamentation of right valve slightly differing from that of left valve. Number of radial ribs of right valve (16 - 19) larger than that of left valves (12 - 17). Radial ribs present only on flank and not posterior of the umbonal ridge, equally spaced except for the anteriormost part of shell where their distance is much wider. Rib density greatest at middle of flank. Ribs of left valve of equal strength, slightly stronger than those of right valve. No intercalatory ribs present. Ribs of right valve widely spaced, with intercalations of 1 - 2 weak secondaries towards posterior. Both valves with distinct commarginal growth rugae; at intersections of growth rugae and radial ribs small nodes are developed. Ligament area long, relatively narrow, with numerous chevron-shaped grooves. Except for fragments of hinge no internal features seen. Hinge with 3 - 4 moderately long anterior teeth, arranged parallel to hinge margin anteriorly, converging towards ventral margin of hinge plate posteriorly. Posterior teeth longer, subparallel to dorsal margin of hinge. All teeth serrated. short central teeth not seen.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
C8B1E87319C35AB09A5D166B999347B6.taxon	description	Plate 2, figs 5, 6	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
C8B1E87319C35AB09A5D166B999347B6.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Four single valves, partly preserved as internal moulds, from the upper member close to the Demul Pass (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 37 - 38).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
C8B1E87319C35AB09A5D166B999347B6.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The comparatively small (H: 11 - 19 mm), poorly preserved specimens are nearly flat and covered with irregular growth rugae. The available features preclude a precise identification. Possibly, they belong to the common Jurassic genus Liostrea Douville, 1904.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
11F918677B855AAE9069F0DB4500C925.taxon	description	Plate 5, fig. 9	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
11F918677B855AAE9069F0DB4500C925.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single right internal mould with remains of shell from the Ferruginous Oolite Formation near Zangla (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 41).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
11F918677B855AAE9069F0DB4500C925.taxon	description	Description. Specimen relatively small for the species (H: 32 mm), suborbicular, nearly equilateral, moderately inflated. Margins slightly damaged but anterior and posterior margins apparently regularly rounded, ventral margin broadly curved. Umbo mesial, orthogyrate. With very faint posterior umbonal ridge. Shell surface covered with commarginal growth lines but lacking posterior radial striae.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4654864D52A45D3CB18DFDA2E8205E3C.taxon	description	Plate 3, figs 6 - 10	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4654864D52A45D3CB18DFDA2E8205E3C.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Numerous right and left valves preserved as composite moulds or with remains of shell, generally strongly compacted and often fragmented, from the upper member close to Demul Pass (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 51 - 52).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4654864D52A45D3CB18DFDA2E8205E3C.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The poorly preserved specimens are characterized by a feebly inflated right valve and a strongly inflated left valve. The height distinctly exceeds the length of the shell, which is slightly oblique, the ventralmost part being posterior of the mid-line. The anterior margin is well-rounded, the posterior margin sub-straight, the ventral margin strongly curved. The right valve anterior auricle is directed towards the left valve; the byssal notch is well-developed. The surface of the shell is covered with faint radial riblets in addition to faint commarginal growth rugae. The different outline and the radial riblets distinguish the material from Buchia. Due to the poor preservation and lack of detailed hinge information the specimens are only tentatively placed in Malayomaorica. This is the first documentation of the genus from the Indian Himalayas.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
5C6B218E4EA859238D2E8F47BB5F4270.taxon	description	Plate 1, fig. 4 a, b	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
5C6B218E4EA859238D2E8F47BB5F4270.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single poorly preserved articulated internal mould with remains of shell from the lower member of the Spiti Shale Formation (Oxfordian) near Chichim (SNSB- BSPG 2020 XCIX 1).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
5C6B218E4EA859238D2E8F47BB5F4270.taxon	description	Description. Specimen large, longer than high (L ~ 79 mm, H ~ 60 mm, I ~ 70), thick-shelled, strongly inflated. Maximum inflation at around one-third of shell height from umbo. Ventral margin faintly arched, anterior margin convex, forming an angle of ~ 90 ° with hinge margin. Posterior margin straight, oblique, posteroventral corner rounded. Umbones only partly preserved, prominent, straight, incurved, situated anterior of mid-line of shell. Posterodorsal carina distinct but rounded, posterodorsal area flat to slightly convex. Cardinal area large, largest width anterior of umbo, slightly concave. Ornamentation poorly preserved; there are at least four widely spaced, strong, rounded radial ribs with concave interstices. Hinge line straight, dentition and other internal features not seen.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
D4428B83B12854AA97BF10AC1C91A3EC.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single right valve from the top of the lower member at Komic (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 16).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
D4428B83B12854AA97BF10AC1C91A3EC.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The small, slightly crushed specimen (H: 3.5 mm) is suborbicular and nearly flat. The dorsal margin is long and straight, the anterior, posterior and ventral margins are well rounded. There is no sign of a posterior wing, the dorsal margin forming a blunt angle with the posterior margin. The umbo is small, more or less mesial, and not protruding beyond the dorsal margin. The shell thin, and ornamented with remains of spaced commarginal riblets. The annterior auricle is small but has a deep byssal notch. Right valves of Meleagrinella are generally regarded as having a small pointed posterior wing (Cox 1969), which is apparently lacking in the present specimen. For this reason, it is referred to the genus Meleagrinella with reservation. The Meleagrinella sp. indet. of Kanjilal and Pathak (1998, p. 35, pl. 1, fig. 4) is difficult to evaluate and comes from the upper part of the Spiti Shale Formation.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
14DE0F8BA5D455CF80D8FA836159F170.taxon	description	Plate 5, fig. 7 a-d	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
14DE0F8BA5D455CF80D8FA836159F170.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single articulated specimen from the lower member, Kaza-Hikkim road (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 42).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
14DE0F8BA5D455CF80D8FA836159F170.taxon	description	Description. Specimen small-sized (H: 9.1 mm; L: 9.7 mm), rounded-triangular, slightly longer than high, moderately inflated. Anterodorsal margin concave, anteroventral margin convex, ventral margin faintly curved, posterodorsal margin long, straight, sloping, forming a rounded angle with the slightly truncated posteroventral margin. Umbones mesial, conspicuous, prosogyrate. Lunule oval, deeply sunk, bordered by sharp carina. Escutcheon long, lanceolate, sharply demarcated, extending to posterior end. Ventral shell margin strongly crenulated. Shell surface covered with 22 closely set, sharp commarginal ribs which are more widely spaced in the umbonal area. Internal features not seen.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
9ECE336303325CEBAC16B2A0C88D0DE7.taxon	description	Plate 1, figs 1 - 2	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
9ECE336303325CEBAC16B2A0C88D0DE7.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Nine articulated specimens and two left valves from the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 26), 30 articulated specimens, one right and two left valves from the lower member along the Kaza - Hikkim road (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 27), four articulated specimens from the lower member at Langza (road side exposure) (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 28), four articulated specimens from the lower member close to the pass to Tashigeng (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 29), three articulated specimens and one right valve from the lower member near Kibber (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 30), two articulated specimens from the Ferruginous Oolite Formation near Chichim (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 31), and three articulated specimens and one right and three left valves from the lower member at Langza locality 3 (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 32). The shells, several of which are fragmented, invariably suffered compactional and tectonic distortion.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
9ECE336303325CEBAC16B2A0C88D0DE7.taxon	description	Description. Shell relatively large for genus (H: ~ 26 mm, L: 32.2 mm), thick-shelled, elongated-oval, strongly inequilateral, moderately inflated. Umbo broad, well-developed, terminal to subterminal, close to posterior end, opisthogyrate. Anterior end narrow to well-rounded, posterior end straight to slightly curved forming a blunt angle with the ventral margin, which describes a wide asymmetric curve with the ventral-most point of shell well anterior of mid-line. Anterodorsal margin straight, sloping; posterodorsal margin short, almost straight to slightly curved, passing gradually into posterior margin. Broad rounded ridge running from the umbo to the anterodorsal end, separating flank from flat, narrow anterodorsal part of shell. Lunule shallow, narrow, lanceolate. Second, equally rounded umbonal ridge running to the posteroventral corner of shell. Area heart-shaped slightly concave in articulated specimens. Surface of shell smooth except for growth lines, which vary in strength. Hinge poorly preserved, with characteristic taxodont teeth.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
EE2D04DAE7EC5EA0930B3E5528D5FE06.taxon	description	Plate 1, fig. 3 a, b	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
EE2D04DAE7EC5EA0930B3E5528D5FE06.taxon	materials_examined	Material. One flattened articulated specimen from the Ferruginous Oolite Member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 34).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
EE2D04DAE7EC5EA0930B3E5528D5FE06.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The laterally strongly compressed specimen (H: 8.6 mm, L: 11.9 mm) is rounded trigonal in outline and longer than high. The ventral margin is strongly convex, the anterior margin obliquely truncated, forming a blunt angle with the ventral margin and a very obtuse angle with the faintly convex anterodorsal margin. The posterior margin is narrowly rounded. The umbo is prominent. The rounded anterior umbonal ridge extends to the anteroventral margin. Due to the compressed nature of the shell, features such as lunule could not be observed. The surface of the shell is covered with fine commarginal growth lines. Internal features not seen. Although the hinge could not be observed, the specimen can be safely placed in P. stoliczkai as it closely resembles Cox' species in outline. Subclass Autobranchia Grobben, 1894 Order Arcida Gray, 1854	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
133B379B3E965B54A41F492BAADA4076.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 7 a, b	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
133B379B3E965B54A41F492BAADA4076.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A strongly crushed single valve with remains of shell from the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 35).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
133B379B3E965B54A41F492BAADA4076.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The very poorly preserved specimen cannot be identified with certainty. The surface of the apparently rounded triangular-ovate specimen is covered with numerous faint, rounded, radial riblets.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
D82290969BAA5D89BC577EF3C9167267.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 6	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
D82290969BAA5D89BC577EF3C9167267.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A fragmented left internal mould with remains of the inner shell layer from the Ferruginous Oolite Formation near Zangla (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 36).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
D82290969BAA5D89BC577EF3C9167267.taxon	description	Description and remarks. As the ventral part of the specimen is missing, its outline remains unknown, but most likely was obliquely triangular-ovate. The hinge line is short and straight, the umbo orthogyrate, the posterior auricle distinctly set off from the flank. The shell surface is ornamented with indistinct remnants of radial ribs. It differs from Plagiostoma? sp. A in outline and style of ribbing. The few features that can be observed all support the placement of the specimen in Plagiostoma or a related genus.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
988F65AEA15B55EE8547102EB09238BE.taxon	description	Plate 3, fig. 12	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
988F65AEA15B55EE8547102EB09238BE.taxon	materials_examined	Material. One internal mould of a single valve (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 12) and several small fragments from the lower member at Langza.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
988F65AEA15B55EE8547102EB09238BE.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The internal mould of a fragment displays seven radial grooves, which correspond to internal ribs. The complete shell might have carried 8 - 9 ribs. These ribs end just before the ventral margin. While the specimen undoubtedly can be referred to P. (Propeamussium), identification at the species level is impossible. The only Upper Jurassic species recognized by Johnson (1984) is P. (P.) nonarium (Quenstedt, 1858, p. 795, pl. 98, fig. 4), which is restricted to Europe and differs from the present specimen by relatively short internal ribs, which end well before the ventral margin. Order Limida Moore, 1952	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
1849510494E15B5CA2434775F9D42A16.taxon	description	Plate 4, figs 10 - 13, Plate 5, figs 1 - 6; Fig. 4	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
1849510494E15B5CA2434775F9D42A16.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Three right valves, four left valves, 16 articulated specimens, and two hinge fragments from the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 53, 57, 58, 59), two right valves, one left valve, 17 articulated valves, and six hinge fragments from the lower member at the Kaza-Hikkim road cut (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 55 a, b), and two right valves, one left valve, nine articulated specimens and six hinge fragments from the lower member close to Tashigeng (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 54 a, b).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
1849510494E15B5CA2434775F9D42A16.taxon	description	Dimensions. See Fig. 4.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
1849510494E15B5CA2434775F9D42A16.taxon	description	Description. Shell highly variable in outline, longer than high (Fig. 4), moderately inflated. Anterodorsal margin concave, anteroventral margin convex, grading smoothly into the broadly arched ventral margin. Posteroventral margin well-rounded, posterodorsal margin faintly convex. Umbo prosogyrate, distinctly depressed, situated approximately one-fifth to one-eighth of shell length from the anterior end. Beaks small, lunule elongated, deep, bordered by sharp ridge (Plate 5); escutcheon lanceolate, bordered by distinct ridge. Ligament opisthodetic. Ornamentation consisting of widely spaced commarginal ribs in umbonal area only and extending for 10 - 15 mm ventrally. Remaining surface covered with irregular growth lines. Hinge of right valve with three cardinals, 3 b thin and inconspicuous, and one posterior lateral. Left valve with two cardinals and one short anterior and posterior lateral, respectively. Two pedal retractor muscle scars developed right underneath hinge plate, one more or less mesial, the second one close to the anterior adductor muscle scar. Inner shell margin strongly crenulated.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
3E76D885A42A5258BB5DC299F394B1A6.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 4 a, b	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
3E76D885A42A5258BB5DC299F394B1A6.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single fragment of a right valve from the lower? member near Demul (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 39).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
3E76D885A42A5258BB5DC299F394B1A6.taxon	description	Description and remarks. Although the specimen does not allow to infer the shape of the bivalve, the ornamentation is so characteristic that it can be placed in the genus Radulopecten without any doubt. The shell is covered with broad, nearly flat-topped radial plicae, separated by much narrower shallow sulci. The radial plicae are crossed by spaced, narrow commarginal lamellae. The ornamentation closely resembles that of Radulopecten fibrosus (J. Sowerby, 1816). For this reason, the specimen is tentatively placed in that species.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
8504A03133E25BDE81F6B3847C1BF659.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 5	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
8504A03133E25BDE81F6B3847C1BF659.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Slightly distorted fragment of a single valve from 5 - 8 m below the top of the lower member along the Kaza-Hikkim road (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 17).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
8504A03133E25BDE81F6B3847C1BF659.taxon	description	Description. Specimen small (H: 9.6 mm), higher than long. Disc moderately inflated, rounded triangular; auricles distinctly set off from disc, large, incomplete. Disc covered with approximately 12 coarse, rounded radial ribs, differing in strength.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0D7C43CA5B525D708280320C41D2C371.taxon	description	Plate 2, figs 3, 4	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0D7C43CA5B525D708280320C41D2C371.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Internal mould of a left valve, locality and horizon unknown (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 66), and two internal moulds of right valves from the upper member near Demul (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 64 - 65). All specimens are fragmentary.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0D7C43CA5B525D708280320C41D2C371.taxon	description	Description. Specimens small- to large-sized (H of largest specimen> 70 mm), posteroventrally elongated but of variable obliquity, umbonal area well-inflated. Hinge line straight, moderately long; anterior margin weakly convex to straight, posterior margin gently curved, ventral margin well-rounded. Umbonal area narrowly rounded in cross-section, umbo small, prosogyrate. Posterodorsal area nearly flat; angle between dorsal and anterior margin approximately 90 °. Valves ornamented with commarginal folds, asymmetric in cross-section with steeper dorsal flank. Folds regular to irregular, generally increasing in strength and distance towards ventral margin. Hinge features not seen.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
F53433A8586B57E19CB3DEB11F6656FC.taxon	description	Plate 2, figs 1, 2	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
F53433A8586B57E19CB3DEB11F6656FC.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Numerous fragments of internal moulds of single valves with remains of shell from the upper member, road cut close to Demul Pass (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 60 - 63).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
F53433A8586B57E19CB3DEB11F6656FC.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The specimens occur in loosely packed matrix-supported shell concentrations. The umbonal areas are not preserved, but the specimens are apparently quite large, the largest fragment measuring 135 mm in height. Preserved parts of moulds are more or less flat, with spaced commarginal folds, the distance between folds increasing ventrally. The folds are slightly asymmetric in cross-section, the ventral flank being steeper. Areas with preserved shell material show that the shells were very thin. Despite the fragmentary nature of the material, the specimens can be safely referred to Retroceramus (R.) haasti, originally described by Hochstetter (1863) from Kimmeridgian strata of New Zealand, based on their large size, nearly flat shells, broad ventral area, and characteristic ornamentation. The species has been recorded in the past from the Kimmeridgian of New Zealand and Antarctica (Hochstetter 1863; Crame 1982; Crampton 1988). Inoceramus hookeri of Salter (1865: 95, pl. 23, fig. 1 only) exhibits a similar ornamentation but differs in outline being rounded-rectangular. Inoceramus haasti, Hochstetter, 1863 has been transferred to Retroceramus (Retroceramus) by Crame (1982). The latter author regarded the species as characteristic of the Kimmeridgian - Early Tithonian.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4749B57D9B67532F99BFD7A99CE6914B.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 3	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4749B57D9B67532F99BFD7A99CE6914B.taxon	materials_examined	Material. One composite mould of a right valve and one external mould from the upper part of the lower member at the Hikkim-Kaza road (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 23).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
4749B57D9B67532F99BFD7A99CE6914B.taxon	description	Description. Specimens small (H: 5.4 mm; K: 5.8 mm), suborbicular, equilateral, weakly inflated. Auricles large, distinctly separated from disk, anterior one incomplete. Surface of composite mould covered with 11 - 13 positive radial structures interpreted herein as corresponding to radial ribs, which are angular and show a tendency to bifurcate towards the ventral margin.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
A9E7803523945D5AAD97294CAC9B59D7.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 8	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
A9E7803523945D5AAD97294CAC9B59D7.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single right internal mould from the top of the Ferruginous Oolite Formation at Zangla (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 24).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
A9E7803523945D5AAD97294CAC9B59D7.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The internal mould shows the typical commarginal ribs of the flank and a weak sulcus anterior of the marginal carina. As no information about the area is available, it cannot be decided whether the specimen belongs to Trigonia s. s. or to the genus Indotrigonia.	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0429EE1FFEC45F71BAF30EBD91A69E55.taxon	description	Plate 4, fig. 9	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0429EE1FFEC45F71BAF30EBD91A69E55.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single poorly preserved right valve from the lower member at Langza (SNSB-BSPG 2020 XCIX 25).	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
0429EE1FFEC45F71BAF30EBD91A69E55.taxon	description	Description and remarks. The specimen (H: 22.7 mm, L: 24.5 mm) exhibits the typical ornamentation of Orthotrigonia such as steep subvertical tuberculated ribs on the flank, commarginal tuberculated to spinose ribs in the umbonal area, a tuberculated marginal carina, and a commarginally striated area. The specimen resembles V. (Orthotrigonia) kutchensis (Kitchin, 1903: 84, pl. 8, figs 7 - 9) from the Kachchh Basin, but due to its poor preservation an identification at the species level is not possible. Clade Heterodonta Neumayr, 1884 Order Carditida Dall, 1889	en	Fuersich, Franz T., Alberti, Matthias, Pandey, Dhirendra K., Ayoub-Hannaa, Wagih S. (2022): Jurassic bivalves from the Spiti area of the Himalayas, northern India. Zitteliana 96: 153-178, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.87253
