identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
112DDD45025AC44A71F5F937FCE9138D.text	112DDD45025AC44A71F5F937FCE9138D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Wyeomyia felicia (Dyar & Nunez Tovar 1927)	<div><p>Wyeomyia felicia (Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar, 1927)</p> <p>Dendromyia (Decamyia) felicia Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar, 1927: 3, 4 (Syntypes ♀, ♂ G: Tío Julián, Rancho Grande, Guamitas and Choroní (Aragua State), Venezuela.</p> <p>Dendromyia (Decamyia) felicia of Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar 1928: 90, 91 (♀, ♂ G; coll., bion.); Dyar 1928: 82, 83, 595 (redescription of ♀, ♂ *; bion.); Stone &amp; Knight 1957: 123 (lectotype design., type info.).</p> <p>Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) felicia of Lane &amp; Cerqueira 1942: 541, 589, 608 (key to subgenera and ♂ G; subg. placement.; bion.); Lane 1945: 148, in part (redescription of ♀ from El Tucuche, Trinidad; Lane 1953: 871, 979, 981, in part (key to ♂ G; redescription of ♀, ♂; rec., type info.); Belkin et al. 1965: 73, 76, 87, 94 (type info., bion.); Navarro et al. 1994: 321 (rec., bion.).</p> <p>Wyeomyia felicia of Mattingly 1971: 16, pl. 10, (key P*); Seifert 1980: 687–688, 690–695 (bion.).</p> <p>Wyeomyia (Decamyia) felicia group of Heinemann et al. 1980: 185, 187–189, 194–198, 201, 204, 218, 222, 225, 227, 229–232, 235, 237, 241, 242, 247, 255, 267, 271–273, 279, 280, 283 (Trinidad, Tobago; coll. rec., bion.).</p> <p>Wyeomyia (Decamyia) felicia of Heinemann &amp; Belkin 1978b: 369, 370, 372–374, 376, 377, 380, 382, 395 (Venezuela; coll. rec., bion.); Navarro et al. 2007: 7, 13 (biogeography); Harbach &amp; Kitching 1998: 340, 369 (phylogeny); Harbach &amp; Peyton 1990: 16 (revalidation of subgenus Decamyia); Motta et al. 2007: 593, 594, 596, 598, 600, 606–609, 619 (phylogeny); Talaga et al. 2017: 9 (phylogeny); Ribeiro et al. 2020: 291, 292, 307, 308 (tax. review); Ribeiro et al. 2021: 534, 550 (tax. review).</p> <p>Female. Small mosquito. Head: Vertex and occiput covered with decumbent dark brown scales with bluish reflections, postgena with white scales; ocular line with some white scales near postgena and brown setae; 2 long, brown interocular setae. Interocular space narrow, without setae and scales. Clypeus and frons without setae and scales, slightly pruinose; clypeus brown, ovate, noticeably tapered apically. Maxillary palpus attached at half-length of clypeus, with 2 palpomeres, short, similar in length to clypeus, dark brown-scaled, brown setae at apex. Proboscis: Length 1. 9 mm, slightly expanded dorsoventrally at apex; dorsal and ventral surfaces dark brown-scaled; 8 brown short and long basal labial setae, labellum with light brown integument, covered with minute pale setae. Antenna: As long as proboscis; pedicel brown, pruinose. Flagellum moderately verticillate, whorls with brown setae. Thorax: Integument light brown. Scutum brown-scaled with predominantly bluish reflections; anterior promontory with few white scales and 9 brown setae of different sizes; acrostichal and dorsocentral setae absent. Supraalar and antealar areas with total of 14 brown setae. Scutellum covered with brown scales with bluish reflections limited to lobes; median lobe with about 6 brown setae of different sizes, lateral lobes with 5,6 brown setae of different sizes. Mesopostnotum brown, slightly pruinose, with a tuft of about 7 light brown setae, without scales. Antepronotum covered with brown scales with weak violaceous reflections except for a few white scales on the ventral apex, distinctively well separated from antepronotum of opposite side; a row of approximately 11 strong dark brown setae dorsally. Postpronotum mainly covered with white scales; brown scales restricted to dorsal area. Thoracic pleura covered with pearly white scales; anterior lateral margin of mesokatepisternum, mesomeron, paratergite, metapleural suture and metapostnotum nude. Pleural chaetotaxy as follows: 2 light brown prespiracular setae, long, extending beyond spiracle; postspiracular setae absent; 6 upper proepisternal setae, yellowish, long; 3 lower mesokatepisternal setae, yellowish, long; 2 yellowish setae above upper margin of mesomeron; upper mesokatepisternal setae absent, prealar area with about 6 yellowish setae; 13 yellowish upper mesepimeral setae, nearly in a row. Halter: Integument yellowish; scabellum and pedicel brown-scaled dorsally, capitellum brown-scaled. Wing: Length approximately 3. 7 mm, scales brown with bluish reflections. Dorsal scales: veins R 1 –R 3, R 4+5, M 1 and M 2 with spatulate scales with rounded ends; M with long, spatulate scales; M 3+4 with decumbent scales; CuA with only decumbent scales; 1A with moderately broad scales. Upper calypter with 3 brown setae. Alula with 9 simple, brown setae. Legs: Coxae and trochanters with pearly white scales and long yellowish setae. Femora, tibiae and tarsi mainly dark-scaled; ventroposterior margins of femora and tibiae white-scaled, fore-, mid- and hindtarsomeres 1–5 entirely dark-scaled. Ungues simple. Abdomen: Terga covered with brown spatulate scales with bluish green reflections. Tergum I with a tuft of yellowish setae forming a row on posterolateral margin. Sterna covered with whitish scales, color on sides separated in nearly a straight line. Genitalia (Fig. 1): Tergum VIII (Fig. 1A) wider than long, covered with minute spicules and spatulate scales; distal margin convex, with approximately 45 setae of different sizes. Sternum VIII (Fig. 1B) wider than long, covered with minute spicules and spatulate scales, lateral margins rounded, distal margin slightly V-shaped, with approximately 49 setae of different sizes distributed on distal portion. Tergum IX (Fig. 1C) narrow and convex, covered with minute spicules, with setae restricted to lobes; lobes weakly defined with a group of 3,4 slender setae in line on each. Insula (Fig. 1D) rounded, covered with small spicules, with 12 strong setae on margin. Postgenital lobe (Fig. 1E, F) almost reaching apices of the cerci, wider than long, dorsal surface with 2 vertical rows of 2 setae, most apical setae longer; ventral surface covered with minute spicules, numerous short setae with conspicuous alveoli distributed from base to apex toward middle to lateral area. Cerci covered (Fig. 1E, F) with minute spicules; apex flat, expanded in inner portion. Spermatheca with 3 spherical capsules of different sizes.</p> <p>Male. Similar to female except for the following characteristics: Head: Vertex and occiput brown-scaled with a vertical line of white scales more widespread on vertex between the eyes, ocular line of distinct white scales. Proboscis: Length 1. 6 mm, slightly expanded dorsoventrally at apex; dorsal surface brown-scaled, ventral surface with a line of white scales extending from base to approximately 0.75 toward apex. Antenna: Slightly more verticillate than in female. Thorax: Anterior promontory with about 17 brown setae of different sizes. Supraalar and antealar areas with 26–36 brown setae. Scutellum with median lobe bearing 4–8 long and 10 short setae, lateral lobes with 5,6 long and 5 short setae. Mesopostnotum with a tuft of 6–8 brown setae.Antepronotum with approximately 12 strong, dark brown setae dorsally. Pleural chaetotaxy as follows: 1–3 yellowish prespiracular setae; postspiracular setae absent; 5–9 yellowish, long upper proepisternal setae; 5,6 lower mesokatepisternal setae, 2 yellowish setae above upper margin of mesomeron; upper mesokatepisternal setae absent, 5,6 yellowish prealar setae; lower mesepimeral setae absent; 9–18 pale yellowish upper mesepimeral setae, nearly in a row. Wing: Length approximately 3.0 mm. Legs: Fore- and hindtarsomeres 1–5 dark-scaled; midtarsomere 1 with white scaling on the ventroposterior surface; midtarsomeres 2–5 entirely dark-scaled. Ungues simple. Genitalia (Figs 2, 3): Tergum VIII (Fig. 2A) wider than long; invaginated in middle distally, nearly forming 2 lobes, covered with small spicules and spatulate scales in median area; 67–106 long setae distributed on distal third, gradually longer from middle and sides. Sternum VIII (Fig. 2B) wider than long; distal third covered with small spicules and spatulate scales; 31–41(31) setae of different lengths mostly distributed on distal margin. Tergum and sternum IX (Fig. 3F, G) fused laterally, forming a complete ring. Tergum IX (Fig. 3F) with lobes slightly defined, almost level; interlobar space very small, bearing an almost continuous line of 14–19(14) weakly chitinized setae shaped like elongate petals, with almost uniform width throughout their lengths. Sternum IX (Fig. 3G) narrow with a medial triangular expansion produced between base of gonocoxites. Proctiger (in lateral view) with basal sclerotization (tergum X) without setae. Paraproct (Fig. 3E) sclerotized dorsoapically, narrow, with flattened fin-like process on sternal margin at base; apex with 1,2(1) teeth close together, apical tooth pronounced and curved like a penguin’s beak; cercal setae absent. Gonocoxite (Fig. 3A) short, rounded. Basal margin rounded; mesal junction with phallosome being far distal. Tergal area spiculate, with 23–28(26) setae of different lengths; tergomesal seta absent; basal mesal lobe narrow, small, with 9–12 fine setae similar in length. Gonostylus (Figs 3A‒C; 4) short, approximately 0.72 length of gonocoxite, enlarged at base, basal third with spicules, narrow in middle, apex almost 2.0 times wider than width of basal part, divided into 2 principal lobes: lobe A digitiform, well differentiated from lobe M along its entire length, much larger at base and tapered towards apex; apex with 1 elongate, strong, sclerotized seta, resembling a curve-tipped claw, 2 single minute setae inserted proximally; lobe E almost indistinguishable, arising between lobes A and M, not detached, distal margin with 2 single short setae; lobe M wide with roughly conical apex bearing approximately 14 strong, well-chitinized setae of different sizes, middle third with a tuft of fine setae distributed along tergal edge, basal third with 12–17 short, thin setae scattered mainly on tergal surface. Aedeagus (Fig. 3H) ovate, wider basally; submedian tergal arms joined at midline; apical tergal arms very close, not fused, slightly serrate at apex; median sternal plate membranous, basally pointed and short, apically prominent in middle. Basal piece (Fig. 3D, H) of phallosome with a distal, prominent, sclerotized columnar process distally fused to gonocoxite, distally rounded and dilated, with 2 distinct apical insertions from which emerge 2 strong, long, slightly curved membranous modified leaf-like setae, expanded apically, usually with end pointing caudally.</p> <p>Pupa (Fig. 5). Position and character of setae as figured; numbers of branches in Table 1. Cephalothorax: Tanned, scutum slightly darker. Seta 1-CT sigmoid, long, double, hooked at apex; seta 2-CT normally double; setae 3,4-CT normally triple; seta 5-CT strongly developed, weakly aciculate, usually triple; seta 6-CT with 2 or 3 branches; seta 7-CT with 2–4 branches; seta 8-CT with 2–4 branches; setae 9,10-CT usually double; seta 11-CT with 1,2 branches; seta 12-CT normally double. Trumpet: Moderately tanned, index 3.2–4.7 (mean 3.9) (width measured at mid-length). Abdomen: Tanned, with darkish pigmentation at base of all terga. Seta 0-I–VIII single, seta 1-I well-developed, dendritic, 1-II with 4–9 branches emerging at different levels, 1-III with 3,4 branches, 1-IV with 2–4 branches, 1-V,VI with 2 or 3 branches, 1-VII usually single; seta 2-I normally double, 2-II,III normally single, 2-IV–VII single, inserted posteriorly; seta 3-I–III single, 3-II,III similar in development, 3-IV,V with 2–4 branches, 3-VI usually double, 3-VII single; seta 4-I with 3–7 branches, 4-II with 3,4 branches, 4-III normally triple, 4-IV,V with 2–4 branches, 4-VI normally double, 4-VII single, 4-VIII usually single; seta 5-I with 2–5 branches, 5-II with 2,3 branches, 5-III with 3–6 branches, 5-IV–VI single, slightly aciculate, longer than combined length of segments V–VII, 5-VII normally double; seta 6-I–II single, 6-III–V normally double, 6-VI with 1,2 branches, 6- VII in dorsal position, usually double; seta 7-I with 2–4 branches, 7-II usually triple, 7-III with 1–3 branches, 7-IV normally double, 7-V with 2–4 branches, 7-VI normally single, 7-VII single; seta 8-III–V,VII normally triple; seta 9-I normally single, 9-II–VI single, 9-VII with 16–20 branches, aciculate, slightly longer than segment VIII, 9-VIII with 14–22 branches, aciculate, slightly shorter than paddle; seta 10-II–VI normally double, 10-VII usually single; seta 11-I normally triple, 11-II with 1,3 branches, 11-III,IV normally single, 11-V with 1–3 branches, 11-VI double, 11-VII with 2,3 branches; seta 14 single. Paddle: Lightly tanned, slightly longer than segment VIII, slender, apex pointed, paddle index 2.2–2.8 (mean 2.3) densely fringed all along margin. Male genital lobe: Tanned, shorter than paddle, about 0.67–0.87 length of paddle, narrow, not extending laterally beyond inner margin of midrib. Male median caudal lobe: Tanned, shorter than genital lobe.</p> <p>Fourth-instar larva (Figs 6, 7). Position and character of setae as figured; numbers of branches in Table 2. Head: Slightly wider than long, lightly tanned. Collar absent, occipital foramen with a slit-like extension on either side. Hypostomal suture complete. Dorsomentum with 1 central tooth slightly larger than lateral teeth on either side (11–13), lateral teeth similar in development, except most lateral tooth sometimes very small. Maxilla (not figured): Rounded; maxillary brush long, similar in length to seta 4-Mx; apical tooth slightly bent mesad, similar in development to teeth of laciniarastrum. Laciniarastrum 1 with a row of 7,10 teeth of similar development; dense group of long setae close to laciniarastrum 1. Maxillary palpus not fused to maxillary body, with 3 short digitiform setae; seta 1-Mx single, stout, forked at apex; seta 2-Mx single, short; seta 4-Mx single, pointed, long, inserted on anterior area. Mandible (not figured): Ventral tooth 0 prominent, larger than ventral teeth 1–3, ventral tooth 4 fine, elongate; mandibular sweeper divided into 2 groups of long setae. Antenna: Short, slender; seta 1-A single, inserted on apical third; seta 2-A tapering toward apex, approximately same length as seta 1A; setae 3–6-A single, stout. Seta 1-C single, elongate, stout; setae 3–6-C single, 4-C slightly longer than seta 1-C, 5-C short, approximately 0.5 length of 4-C, 6-C approximately same length as seta 7-C; seta 7-C double; seta 8-C normally double; setae 9,10-C approximately same length, 9-C usually with 3 branches, 10-C with 2,3 branches; seta 11-C usually with 5 branches; seta 12-C normally triple, approximately same length as seta 13-C; seta 13-C double; seta 14-C normally double, similar in length to 13-C; seta 15-C usually triple, short, approximately 0.5 length of 14-C, inserted almost in line with 14-C, below anterior margin of labiogula. Thorax: Seta 0-P with 6–9 branches, approximately same length as seta 14-P; setae 1,2-P single, approximately same length; seta 3-P with 2–4 branches; setae 4–7-P inserted on plate, 4-P with 10–14 branches, strongly aciculate from mid-length to apex, 5,6-P single, slightly aciculate; seta 7-P usually with 12 branches aciculate at mid-length; seta 8-P usually with 10 branches; setae 9–12-P inserted on same sclerotized plate, 9-P with 4,5 branches, slightly aciculate, 10-P double, slightly aciculate, 11-P filiform, single, 12-P double, slightly aciculate; seta 14-P usually with 4 branches. Seta 1-M with 3 branches; setae 2,3-M single; seta 4-M normally double; setae 5,6-M single, slightly aciculate; seta 7-M double; seta 8-M usually with 6 branches, short, 0.5 length of setae 5,6-M; setae 9–12-M inserted on same sclerotized plate, clustered together, 9-M normally double, aciculate, 10-M single, slightly aciculate, 11-M single, filiform, developed similar to seta 11-P, 12-M single, aciculate; seta 13- M usually with 6,8 branches; seta 14-M usually with 7,8 branches. Seta 1-T with 3,4 branches, short, 0.3 length of seta 2-T; seta 2-T with 1,2 branches; seta 3-T with 2,3 branches; setae 4,5-T triple, approximately same length, both short, 5-T approximately 0.75 length of seta 6-T; seta 6-T double; seta 7-T normally with 14 branches, aciculate, inserted on sclerotized tubercle; seta 8-T with 3,4 branches; setae 9–11-T inserted on same plate, 9-T normally with 10 branches, aciculate, 10-T single, aciculate, 11-T single, short, spiniform, stronger than seta 11-P,M; seta 12-T single, slightly aciculate; seta 13-T inserted on sclerotized plate, usually with 9 branches, aciculate. Abdomen: Seta 0-II–VII single, 0-III–VII short, approximately 0.5 length of seta 2-III–VII; seta 1-I–VIII well-developed, 1-I,II with 4 or 5 branches, 1-III,V with 3–5 branches, 1-VI,VII with 5 or 6 branches; seta 2-I with 1–3 branches, short, approximately 0.5 length of 1-I, inserted mesad and anterior to seta 3-I; seta 2-II–VII single, inserted mesad and anterior to setae 1-II–VII and 4-II–VII; seta 3-I triple, anterior to seta 4, 3-II–VI posterior to seta 4, 3-II double, 3-III,IV normally double, approximately same length as seta 4-III,IV, 3-V single, long, 3.1 length of seta 4-V, 3- VI triple, 3-VII single, long, 3.5 length of seta 1-VII; seta 4-I normally with 5 branches, 4-III–VI inserted mesad to seta 1-III–VI; seta 5-I–VI well developed, with branches emerging at different levels, 5-I,II with 3,4 branches, approximately same length as seta 1-I,II, 5-III,IV with 4,5 branches, approximately same length as seta 1-III,IV, 5- V with 3–6 branches, 5-VI normally with 4,5 branches, 5-VII approximately same length as seta 4-VII; seta 6-I,II long, normally with 6 branches, well developed, aciculate, 6-III–VI well developed, 6-III double, slightly aciculate, 6-IV–VI with 2,3 branches, slightly aciculate, 6-VII single, long, 2.0 length of seta 7-VII; seta 7-I–II branched, well developed, aciculate, 7-IV–VI small, branched, approximately same length as seta 8-IV–VI, inserted anterior to seta 10-III–VI; seta 8-II usually single, long, 2.0 length of seta 3-II and inserted lateral to it, 8-III–V short, branched, lateral in position, 8-III normally single or double, short, 0.42 length of seta 3-III, 8-IV usually double, short, 0.3 length of seta 3-IV, 8-V,VI branched, short, approximately 0.5 length of seta 4-V,VI; seta 9-I,II usually single, approximately same length as seta 10-I,II, 9-III long, 2.0 length of seta 11-III, 9-IV–VI approximately same length as seta 10-IV–VI; seta 10-I branched, inserted posterior to seta 11-I, 10-II–VI inserted lateral to seta 11-II–VI; seta 11-I–V branched, 11-I inserted mesad to seta 10-I; seta 12-II–VI inserted mesally; seta 13-I–VI branched, 13-I long, 1.4 length of seta 10-I, 13-II inserted anterior to seta 12-II, 13-IV–VI aligned and inserted posterior to seta 12-IV– VI. Segment VIII: Comb with 35‒56 elongated scales of different lengths, roughly arranged in 3 or 4 rows, scales with rounded apices regularly bordered with delicate spicules (Fig. 7); seta 1-VIII much less developed than seta 1- II–VII, with branches of different lengths, slightly longer than seta 3-VIII; seta 2-VIII single; seta 3-VIII branched, short, approximately 0.5 length of seta 4-VIII; seta 4-VIII single; seta 5-VIII single, approximately same length as seta 4-VIII. Siphon: Moderately long; index 3.2–4.0 (mean 3.5) (width measured at base); gradually narrowed in apical third, tanned, more pigmented at base. Pecten with 4–6(5) elongated spines aligned in a posterolateral row; seta 1-S single, inserted near base, slightly aciculate; 2,3(2) pairs of setae 1a-S, single, slightly aciculate, inserted at mid-length of siphon along pecten; 3–5(5) pairs of seta 2a-S, each seta single, frayed at apex; seta 2-S with slightly bent apically. Segment X: Saddle tanned; setae 1–3-X similar in development, aciculate, 1-X double, 2-X normally with 4 or 5 branches, 3-X double; seta 4-X normally with 5 branches.</p> <p>Systematics. Wyeomyia felicia exhibits all of the diagnostic characters of the subgenus Decamyia in the larva, pupa and adult stages, including the male genitalia (Harbach 2022; Harbach &amp; Peyton 1990; Ribeiro et al. 2020, 2021).Adult females of Wy. felicia are easily distinguished from those of Wy. anthica Ribeiro, Pavan, da Silva, Galvão &amp; Lourenço-de-Oliveira &amp; Motta, 2021, Wy. pseudopecten Dyar &amp; Knab, 1906, Wy. rorotai Senevet, Chabelard &amp; Abonnenc, 1942 and Wy. ulocoma (Theobald, 1903) by having all tarsomeres entirely dark-scaled, while the ventroposterior surface of the tarsomeres have white-scaling that varies in extend in these previously described species. The male genitalia of Wy. felicia differ from those of the other Decamyia by the absence of the tergomesal setae on the gonocoxite; by having the basal plate of the phallosome with a pair of slightly curved, very apically expanded leaf-like setae; tergum IX with almost flat, very small interlobar space, with elongate, differentiated setae of nearly uniform width throughout their length, inserted almost in a continuous line on the lobes. In contrast, Wy. anthica, Wy. pseudopecten, Wy. rorotai and Wy. ulocoma have tergomesal setae on the gonocoxite, the basal plate of the phallosome bears narrow or only moderately expanded setae that are clearly sigmoid (Wy. rorotai) or bent (Wy. ulocoma and Wy. anthica), except in Wy. pseudopecten where they are almost straight and tergum IX with evident interlobar space, with moderately elongate setae expanded toward the apex. Unlike Wy. anthica, Wy. pseudopecten, Wy. rorotai and Wy. ulocoma, where lobe C of the gonostylus is quite distinct, it is indiscernible, probably fused to lobe M, in Wy. felicia.</p> <p>The adults of Wy. felicia we examined have a light brown thoracic pleural integument, which contrasts with the yellowish coloration reported in the original description of the species, and subsequent redescriptions (Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar 1927; Dyar 1928; Lane 1945; Lane 1953). Our hypothesis regarding the difference in color of the pleural integument is that it may be due to the length of time since preservation of the specimens.</p> <p>The pupa of Wy. felicia is similar to that of other currently recognized species of Decamyia, whose morphological characters have been illustrated and/or described in detail. Accordingly, the pupa of Wy. felicia has seta 2-II about 0.15 the length of seta 3-II and seta 2-III–VI usually inserted mesally, while Wy. anthica has seta 2-II about 0.66 the length of seta 3-II and seta 2-III–VI normally inserted laterally, and Wy. ulocoma has seta 2-II about 0.23 the length of seta 3-II. Wyeomyia felicia differs from Wy. rorotai in the shorter length of pupal seta 5-VI, which considerably exceeds the length of segment VII in Wy. felicia and does not reach the apical margin of this segment in Wy. rorotai.</p> <p>The larva of Wy. felicia can be easily distinguished from those of Wy. anthica and Wy. ulocoma by having setae 11-P,M and 0-III–VI single, which are branched in the latter two species. Although the larvae of both Wy. felicia and Wy. rorotai have seta 11-P,M single, they can be distinguished because Wy. felicia has seta 14-C shorter than twice the length of seta 15-C, seta 1-P single, seta 8-M well developed, approximately 0.5 the length of seta 5-M, seta 2-II–VI single, seta 12-VI twice the length of seta 13-VI and the pecten with a row of only 4–6 spines. In contrast, Wy. rorotai has seta 14-C quite elongate, around four times the length of seta 15-C, seta 1-P branched (mode 5,6 branches), seta 8-M moderately short, nearly 0.25 the length of seta 5-M, seta 2-II–VI branched (mode 4,5 branches), seta 12-VI about 0.7 the length of seta 13-VI and the pecten with numerous (9–28) spines not in a distinct row.</p> <p>Bionomics. Based on the literature, among the species of Decamyia, Wy. felicia seems to be the one with the greatest ecological plasticity for larval habitats, with collections made in various phytotelmata, such as leaf axils of the elephant ear plants, flower bracts and stalks of Heliconia, epiphytic bromeliads, palm leaves, fallen palm leaves and banana leaf axils (Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar 1927; Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar 1928; Dyar 1928; Heinemann &amp; Belkin 1978b; Heinemann et al. 1980). Navarro et al. (1994) found Wy. felicia in Heliconia caribaea in the Sierra de San Luiz mountain range at an altitude of 990 m, and Seifert &amp; Seifert (1979) and Seifert (1980) also collected the species in two species of Heliconia (H. aurea and H. bihai) growing on the Cordillera de la Costa mountain chain. In contrast, when investigating the frequency of Culicidae in phytotelmata in a lowland rainforest in eastern Venezuela, Lounibos &amp; Machado-Allison (1993) did not find immature forms of Wy. felicia developing in H. caribaea, a species very often visited by gravid Wy. ulocoma. Seifert (1980) and Seifert &amp; Barrera (1981) made several observations on the biology of the immature stages of Wy. felicia, including that the immature stages of Wy. felicia develop in Heliconia flower bracts of intermediate age.</p> <p>The biting behaviour of Wy. felicia is poorly known. Rubio-Palis et al. (2019) reported capturing Wy. felicia using human bait in the Cauca River basin, Venezuela. Juan-Carlos Navarro (pers. comm.) reported that Wy. felicia bite humans with high frequency only when inside patches of Heliconia with high plant densities in Venezuela, but females stop attacking once the person moves only a few meters away from these patches.</p> <p>Distribution. Despite the relatively high plasticity concerning its larval habitat, Wy. felicia seems to have a quite restricted geographic distribution. According to Heinemann &amp; Belkin (1978b), Heinemann et al. (1980) and Harbach (2022), it has been recorded only in Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago. The records of Wy. felicia in Panama, Nicaragua and Brazil listed in Wilkerson et al. (2021) need verification. For example, the only mention of the possible occurrence of this species in Brazil (GBIF 2021) is a mistake. It refers to a damaged pinned female deposited in the Neotropical Mosquito Collection, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, that had no collection data (place and date of collection, nor collector) and whose external morphology and characters of the genitalia do not match with those of Wy. felicia. Besides, there are no records of Wy. felicia in the collections carried out by Heinemann &amp; Belkin (1977a, b, 1978a, c, 1979) in Panama or Nicaragua, nor in any other country in the Caribbean and in Central and South America other than Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago.</p> <p>Material examined. Seventy-two specimens (33♂, 4♂ G, 2G ♂, 28♀, 1♀ G, 4LePeG ♂). LECTOTYPE ♂ (no. 1241679) with dissected genitalia on slide, dissected during this study, designated by Stone &amp; Knight, 1957 (NMNH): VENEZUELA, Tio Jùlian, July 8, 1927, M. Núñez Tovar. “Elephant ear”; 2 PARALECTOTYPES (same data as the lectotype), 1♂ and 1♀ with type labels, but without ID numbers; 6♂, 1♀, same data except July 5; 1♂ mounted on slide, with genitalia not dissected, same data except July 8; 1♀, same data except July 14, collected in yellow H. bihai; 4♀, same data except August 6; 5♂, 3♀, same data except August 8; 3♀, same data except August 21; 1♂ G mounted on slide, with genitalia not dissected, same data except Bamboo Villegos, August 24; 1♂ G (no. 01240779), 1♀ G (no. 01240776), same data except Choroní, July 14; 4♂, same data except Rancho Grande, July 2; 2♂, 1♀, same data, except July 6; 1♂, 3♀, same data except July 9; 1♂, 4♀, same data except July 11; 2♂, 2♀, same data except July 14; 1G ♂ (no. 2320), same data (without date); 2♂, same data except Guamitas, July 1; 4♂, 1♀, same data except July 3; 1♂, same data except July 5; 3♂, same data, except July 8; 3♀, same data except August 26, collected in red H. bihai; 1♀, same data except August 28; 1♂, same data except Bijao Guamitas, collected in yellow H. bihai; 4LePeG ♂ (nos. VZ 80-21; VZ 85-20; VZ 85-21; VZ 86-11), Venezuela, unknown locality, 67, Mosquitoes of Middle America; 1G ♂ (no. 2339), without data.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/112DDD45025AC44A71F5F937FCE9138D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ribeiro, Paulino Siqueira;Motta, Monique Albuquerque;Seiblitz, Giulia Caminha;Pereira, Glauber Rocha;Galvão, Cleber;Pecor, David Brooks;Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo	Ribeiro, Paulino Siqueira, Motta, Monique Albuquerque, Seiblitz, Giulia Caminha, Pereira, Glauber Rocha, Galvão, Cleber, Pecor, David Brooks, Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo (2022): Redescription of Wyeomyia (Decamyia) felicia (Dyar & Núñez Tovar, 1927) and description of a new species of the subgenus from Trinidad (Diptera: Culicidae). Zootaxa 5175 (1): 101-125, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5175.1.5
112DDD450255C45171F5FF44FE0E1105.text	112DDD450255C45171F5FF44FE0E1105.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Wyeomyia (Decamyia) monticola Ribeiro & Motta & Seiblitz & Pereira & Galvão & Pecor & Lourenço-De-Oliveira 2022	<div><p>Wyeomyia (Decamyia) monticola Ribeiro, Lourenço-de-Oliveira &amp; Motta, sp. n.</p> <p>Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) felicia of Lane 1945: 135, 141, 147, 148 in part, 149 (♀, ♂, ♂ G*, P*, L*, coll., bion.); Lane 1953: 979 in part, 980, 981 in part (♂, G ♂ *, L*, P*, rec.).</p> <p>Female. Similar to Wy. felicia except for the following characters. Proboscis: Length 1.6, 1. 8 mm; clypeus brown, rounded; 5 brown basal labial setae; anterior promontory with few white scales in middle and 6,12 brown setae of different sizes. Supraalar and antealar areas with around 27,28 brown setae. Scutellum with median lobe bearing 7,9 brown setae and lateral lobes with 7–9 brown setae of different sizes. Mesopostnotum with a tuft of about 6,10 yellowish setae, without scales. Antepronotum with a row of approximately 11 strong, darkish brown setae dorsally; 3 yellowish prespiracular setae, long, extending beyond spiracle; 5,9 upper proepisternal setae, yellowish, long; prealar area with 5 yellowish setae; 10 pale yellow upper mesepimeral setae, nearly in a row. Wing: Length approximately 2,9–3.2 mm. Upper calypter with 2 light brown setae; alula with around 5,8 simple, brown setae. Legs: Tibiae with ventroposterior margins with a thin line of white scales; fore-, mid- and hindtarsomeres 1–5 entirely dark-scaled. Genitalia (Fig. 8): Tergum VIII (Fig. 8A) wider than long, covered with minute spicules and spatulate scales; distal margin convex, with approximately 60 setae of different lengths. Sternum VIII (Fig. 8B) wider than long, covered with minute spicules and spatulate scales, lateral margins rounded, distal margin slightly V-shaped, with approximately 66 setae of different lengths distributed on distal portion. Tergum IX (Fig. 8C) narrow, covered with minute spicules, lobes weakly defined with 2 setae each, and 2 setae of similar development each inserted on the dorsolateral area far from distal margin. Insula (Fig. 8E) rounded, covered with minute spicules, with 10 strong setae. Postgenital lobe (Fig. 8C) slightly extending beyond apex of cerci, wider than long, dorsal surface with 6 setae on distal portion, ventral surface covered with minute spicules, numerous short setae with conspicuous alveoli distributed from base to apex, toward middle to lateral area. Cerci (Fig. 8D) short, covered with numerous setae of different lengths; apex elongate horizontally, flat on margin. Spermatheca (Fig. 8F) with 3 spherical capsules of different sizes.</p> <p>Male. Similar to Wy. felicia and the female except for the following characteristics. Proboscis: Length 1. 7 mm. Thorax: Anterior promontory with few white scales in middle and about 12 brown setae of different lengths. Supraalar and antealar areas with approximately 21 brown setae. Scutellum with median lobe bearing 4 long and 3 short brown setae, and lateral lobes with 4,5 long and 4 short brown setae. Mesopostnotum with a tuft of 5–10 yellowish setae. Antepronotum with a row of 9–11 strong brown setae dorsally; 3–5 yellowish prespiracular setae; 6–8 long yellowish upper proepisternal setae; 5 lower mesokatepisternal setae, 2 yellowish setae above upper margin of mesomeron; lower mesepimeral setae absent. Wing: Length approximately 3. 2 mm. Legs: Tibiae with ventroposterior margins with sparse white scales along length. Genitalia (Figs 9, 10): Tergum and sternum IX fused laterally, forming a complete ring. Tergum IX: Lobes slightly defined, almost level; interlobar space very small, bearing an almost continuous row of 18 weakly chitinized elongate spatulate setae, resembling elongate petals of a daisy flower, with almost uniform width throughout their lengths. Sternum IX narrow with a median triangular expansion with rounded apex, produced between bases of gonocoxites. Paraproct with 2 teeth close together at apex. Gonocoxite (Fig. 9A) with apex of tergomesal area spiculate, with 24–29 setae of different lengths; basal mesal lobe narrow, small, longer than wide, with 7,8 fine setae, similar in length. Gonostylus (Figs 9A‒C, 10) short, approximately 0.77 length of gonocoxite, slightly expanded at base, basal 0.20 with spicules, narrow in middle, apex compressed, nearly same width as basal part, divided into 4 somewhat contiguous lobes: lobe A digitiform, elongate, only slightly tapered towards apex, with 1 elongate, strong, sclerotized, apical seta, resembling a curvetipped claw; lobe E arising from lobe M, distal margin with 2,3 simple, short, fine setae; lobe C essentially triangular in shape, weakly disassociated, with about 6 setae similar to those on dorsal surface of lobe E; lobe M rounded, rather shallow, inner surface approximate to lobe A, with a set of 8 long, chitinized setae on anterior margin toward posterior apex of lobe; 1 fine seta medially on lobe, near origin of lobe A.</p> <p>Pupa (Fig. 11, Table 3). Similar to Wy. felicia except for the following characters. Cephalothorax: Seta 2- CT normally triple; seta 4-CT usually with 4 branches; seta 5-CT aciculate, usually with 4 branches; seta 10-CT normally with 4 branches; Trumpet: Index 2.7–4.1 (mean 3.5) (width measured at mid-length). Abdomen: Seta 1-II with 9–12 branches emerging at different levels; seta 1-III normally with 5 or 6 branches; seta 1-IV,V usually with 4 branches, 1-VI normally triple; seta 3-I single, 3-IV–VI normally triple, similar in development; seta 4-I normally with 5 branches, long, 2.5 length of seta 5-I, 4-II normally with 4 branches, 4-III,IV,VIII normally double, 4-VI normally single; seta 5-IV–VI single, with long aciculae, similar in development, longer than length of segments V– VII respectively, seta 5-VII normally single; seta 6-I single, long, 1.8 length of seta 4-I, 6-IV with 2 or 3 branches, 6-VII in dorsal position, usually single; seta 7-I normally with 4 branches, 0.67 length of seta 6-I, 7-II normally double, 7-VI normally single, long, 2.7 length of seta 8-VI; seta 8-III usually with 6 branches, 8-VI normally triple; seta 9-VIII normally with 17 branches, aciculate, slightly longer than paddle; seta 10-II normally triple; seta 11- II–VII normally double. Paddle: Index 2.2. Male genital lobe: About 0.71 length of paddle.</p> <p>Fourth-instar larva (Fig. 12, Table 4). Similar to Wy. felicia except for the following characters. Head: Dorsomentum with 1 central tooth slightly larger than lateral teeth on either side (11–14). Seta 4-C normally double, similar in length to seta 1-C; seta 14-C normally single, not well developed, normally shorter than seta 12-C; seta 15-C usually double, small, approximately 0.5 length of 14-C. Thorax: Seta 3-P normally double; seta 7-P usually with 9–14 aciculate branches at mid-length; seta 9-P normally with 4 branches, aciculate from base to mid-length; seta 14-P usually triple, approximately 0.4 length of seta 8-P. Seta 7-M triple; seta 8-M usually with 9 branches, approximately 0.6 length of seta 5-M; seta 14-M usually with 9 branches. Setae 3,4-T with 2–4 branches, 4-T short, 0.7 length of seta 5-T; seta 5-T normally single, short, 0.3 length of seta 6-T; seta 6-T normally triple, elongate; seta 9-T normally with 11 branches, aciculate; seta 13-T usually with 10 branches, aciculate. Abdomen: Seta 1-I normally with 4 branches, short, 0.54 length of seta 5-I, 1-II short, 0.58 length of seta 5-II, 1-III normally triple, well developed, approximately 0.83 length of seta 5-III; seta 2-I normally single, similar in length to seta 1-I; seta 3-III normally triple, 3-IV normally with 4 branches, 3-V single, long 4.0 length of seta 4-V; seta 4-II normally with 5 branches, 4-VI normally with 4 branches; seta 5-I with 2,3 branches, 5-II–VI normally with 4 branches, 5-VII with 7,8 branches; seta 6-II normally with 4 branches, well developed, aciculate; seta 7-I normally with 4 branches, 7-II normally triple, 7-III normally with 6 branches, 7-VII normally with 7 branches; seta 8-II usually double, 8- III,IV normally triple, 8-VI normally with 6 branches; seta 9-I–VI normally single, 9-IV,VI short, 0.3 length of seta 10-IV,VI; seta 10-I branched, inserted posterior to seta 11-I, approximately same length as seta 13-I, 10-III normally double, 10-V normally triple; seta 11-I–III,VI normally with 4 branches, seta 11-V normally triple; seta 12-II normally with 6 branches, long, 1.4 length of seta 13-II, 12-III,IV single, 12-III short, approximately 0.5 length of seta 13-III, 12-IV,V short, 0.4 length of seta 13-IV,V, 12-VI normally with 5 branches, approximately same length as 13-VI; seta 13-I,II normally with 4 branches. Segment VIII: Comb with 34‒48(34) elongate scales of different lengths; seta 1-VIII normally with 5 branches, 0.5 length of seta 2-VIII; seta 3-VIII usually with 4 branches. Siphon: Moderately large; index 1.9–2.2 (mean 2.0) (width measured at base); gradually narrowed in apical third, tanned, more pigmented at base. Pecten with 3,5(5) elongate spines in a posterolateral row; seta 1-S single, inserted near base, slightly aciculate; 2 or 3 pairs of seta 1a-S, single, aciculate from mid-length to apex; 4–6(5) pairs of seta 2a-S, single, thick, frayed at apex. Segment X: Setae 2,4-X each normally with 6 branches.</p> <p>Systematics. Wyeomyia monticola is close to Wy. felicia, from which it can be distinguished by morphological characters of the male and female genitalia, and larval and pupal stages. Concerning the male genitalia, the apex of the gonostylus of Wy. monticola is quite compressed, nearly the same width as the basal part, divided into four lobes, with lobe C essentially triangular in shape, while in Wy. felicia the gonostylus is quite expanded apically and divided in three lobes, with lobe C indiscernible, probably fused to lobe M. Additionally, lobes A and M in Wy. felicia are quite divergent, with lobe M developed and bearing a tuft of numerous fine, elongate setae proximally, while in Wy. monticola lobes A and M are approximated, with lobe M rounded, rather shallow and without a tuft of setae. In Wy. rorotai, Wy. pseudopecten, Wy. anthica and Wy. ulocoma, lobe C is elongate, quite differentiated and well separated from the other lobes, whereas it is shallow, triangular and poorly detached from lobe M in Wy. monticola. Like Wy. felicia, the male genitalia of Wy. monticola can be distinguished from those of the other species of Decamyia by having the gonocoxite devoid of tergomesal setae, the very small, almost flat interlobar space of tergum IX and the slightly curved, very expanded apical leaf-like setae emerging from the basal plate of the phallosome. The female genitalia of Wy. monticola have the postgenital lobe apically rounded; tergum IX with 2 setae of similar development inserted far laterally on each lobe, with each lobe bearing 2 setae. However, Wy. felicia has the postgenital lobe much narrowed toward the apex and tergum IX with setae restricted to the lobes, with 3 or 4 slender setae in line on each. The adult female of Wy. monticola is distinguished from those of the other species of Decamyia, except Wy. felicia, by having all tarsomeres entirely dark-scaled, while the ventroposterior surface of the tarsomeres have white-scaling that varies in extent in Wy. anthica, Wy. pseudopecten, Wy. rorotai and Wy. ulocoma. The pupa and larva of Wy. monticola are similar to those of Wy. felicia, being distinguished from the other Decamyia by the same characters listed herein for the latter species. Slight differences were noticed between the pupae of Wy. monticola and Wy. felicia, as follows: Wy. monticola has seta 4-I about 2.5 the length of seta 5-I and seta 5-IV–VI with long distinct aciculae, while Wy. felicia has seta 4-I about twice the length of seta 5-I and seta 5-IV–VI poorly aciculate. The larva of Wy. monticola differs from the larva of Wy. felicia in having seta 14-P short, approximately 0.4 the length of setae 8-P and 12-II 1.4 the length of seta 13-II, while Wy. felicia has seta 14-P approximately 0.6 the length of seta 8-P and seta 12-II 0.5 the length of seta 13-II. The main character distinguishing the larva of Wy. monticola from the larvae of all species of the subgenus is the size of the siphon: Wy. monticola has a much wider siphon (index about 2.0) than Wy. felicia and all other species of Decamyia, in which the siphon index is about 4.0.</p> <p>Etymology. From Latin, mont- mons, montis (mountain); -cola (dweller, inhabit), in reference to the mountain site where the species was found at an elevation of 2,500 feet (about 760 m) on El Tucuche mountain, the second highest peak in Trinidad.</p> <p>Bionomics. The immature stages of Wy. monticola were collected in flower bracts and stalks of Heliconia plants growing at an altitude of 2,500 feet (about 760 m) (Lane 1945). Nothing is known of the bionomics of the adults.</p> <p>Distribution. At present, Wy. monticola has only been found on El Tucuche mountain, located in the northern Trinidad.</p> <p>Material examined. Seven specimens (1♂ LePeG, 1♂ G, 1♀ LePeG, 1♀ LePe, 1 LePe, 2 Le). HOLOTYPE: ♂ (no. 3.932) with LePeG on the slide, 1942 (FSP): TRINIDAD, El Tucuche, 2,500 feet, July 3, 1942, W. G. Downs, Heliconia flower bract; PARATYPES: 1♂ G (no. 3.933), same data as holotype except June 1942, Heliconia stalk; 1♀ LePeG (no. 5.636), same data except between 2,500 and 3,000 feet, June 23, 1942; 1♀ LePe (no. 3.934), same data except 2.500 feet, June 29, 1942; 1 Le same data; 1 LePe (without ID number), same data except June 6, 1942 (NMNH); 1Le (without ID number), same data except July 4, 1942.</p> <p>Discussion. Wyeomyia felicia and Wy. monticola are typical species of Decamyia based on their morphology, the following characters: male genitalia with basal piece of the phallosome bearing a sclerotized columnar process, with two differentiated apical setae; proctiger without cercal setae, larvae with seta 9-I–VI branched and seta 1-S single (Harbach &amp; Peyton 1990; Motta et al. 2007; Ribeiro et al. 2020, 2021) and bionomics (Heinemann &amp; Belkin 1978b; Heinemann et al. 1980; Seifert &amp; Seifert 1979; Seifert &amp; Barrera 1981). Despite the frequent records of the immature stages of Wy. felicia developing in Heliconia flower bracts, like the other species of Decamyia, including its closely related Wy. monticola, it is interesting that it has the greatest ecological plasticity for habitats in different phytotelmata, for example the axils of some aroids and bromeliads (Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar 1927; Dyar &amp; Núñez Tovar 1928; Dyar 1928; Heinemann &amp; Belkin 1978b; Heinemann et al. 1980). In contrast, Wy. monticola was found developing in both the flower bracts and stalks of Heliconia plants.</p> <p>The new species described herein, Wy. monticola, was discovered when we compared the lectotype of Wy. felicia and a set of specimens collected in Venezuela with a set of specimens collected in Trinidad in the early 1940s by W. G. Downs and deposited in the FSP and NMNH. The specimens from Trinidad where mistakenly illustrated by Lane (1945, 1953 in part) in the redescriptions of Wy. felicia. It is possible that lack of larval exuviae associated with the type series of Wy. felicia, combined with the position of the gonostylus in the mounted male genitalia, may have contributed to this error.</p> <p>In Wy. felicia, the apex of the gonostylus can have a very distinctive overall appearance of the lobes, depending on the orientation and position of the parts during mounting. Some of these different appearances are exemplified herein in Fig. 3, which illustrates different views of a single gonostylus. One of these views is similar to what was roughly shown in the illustrations of Dyar (1928) and Lane (1953). Regardless of the mounted position on the slides, all Wy. felicia specimens we examined from Venezuela have identical gonostyli and other structures of the male genitalia.</p> <p>With the present study, the number of valid species in the subgenus Decamyia has grown to six: Wy. anthica, Wy. felicia, Wy. monticola, Wy. pseudopecten, Wy. rorotai and Wy. ulocoma. Future phylogenetic studies that integrate data from molecular biology and alpha taxonomy may greatly contribute to the understanding the diversity of this group in tropical America.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/112DDD450255C45171F5FF44FE0E1105	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ribeiro, Paulino Siqueira;Motta, Monique Albuquerque;Seiblitz, Giulia Caminha;Pereira, Glauber Rocha;Galvão, Cleber;Pecor, David Brooks;Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo	Ribeiro, Paulino Siqueira, Motta, Monique Albuquerque, Seiblitz, Giulia Caminha, Pereira, Glauber Rocha, Galvão, Cleber, Pecor, David Brooks, Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo (2022): Redescription of Wyeomyia (Decamyia) felicia (Dyar & Núñez Tovar, 1927) and description of a new species of the subgenus from Trinidad (Diptera: Culicidae). Zootaxa 5175 (1): 101-125, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5175.1.5
