taxonID	type	description	language	source
BF3E87AFFF86361340DBFDC5FEAC5221.taxon	description	Figs 1 A-B	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF86361340DBFDC5FEAC5221.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL: Holotype; clitellate (NIBRIV 0000224640); Korea, Gangwon province, Taebaek municipality, Samsu-dong, Hasam 2 - ri, Mt. Taebaek (37 ° 14.074 ’ N, 128 ° 59.151 ’ E), 600 - 800 m, fields cleared for cultivation by burning, soil and litter layers, 29 June 2006, Y. Hong coll. – Paratypes: 1 clitellate (NIBRIV 0000224641), 1 clitellate (MHNG INVE 75339); same data as for holotype. – Nontype material; 2 clitellate specimens, Taebaek municipality, Samsudong, Hasam 2 - ri, Mt. Taebaek (37 ° 14.074 ’ N, 128 ° 59.151 ’ E), 600 - 800 m, soil and litter layers, 4 July 2007, Y. Hong coll.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF86361340DBFDC5FEAC5221.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The species is named for Hasam 2 - ri, its type locality.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF86361340DBFDC5FEAC5221.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5 / 6 - 7 / 8; male discs each with two transverse low ridges, short diagonal seminal groove between ridges, no other genital markings.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF86361340DBFDC5FEAC5221.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: Dimensions 80 - 130 mm by 5.5 - 6.5 mm at segment X, 6. 0 - 6.5 mm at segment XXX, 6.0 - 8.0 mm at clitellum; body cylindrical, segments 59 - 109. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators numbering 31 - 35 at VII, 63 - 66 at XX, 0 between male pores, setal formula AA: AB: ZZ: YZ = 2: 2: 4: 3 at XIII. Female pore single in XIV, within 0.8 - 1.0 mm circular porophore. Prostomium epilobic with tongue open, clitellum coffee color, formalin preservation. First dorsal pores at 12 / 13, one individual 11 / 12. Clitellum annular XIV-XVI; setae invisible externally. Male field composed of paired male discs, each approximately ovate with longer axis transverse; each disc with two narrow transverse ridges, one equatorial, centered to slightly lateral of center on disc; one on posterior margin of disc, almost as long as long axis of disc. Surface between ridges and within outer margins of discs generally depressed; midventral gap between discs even more depressed. Seminal grooves short, from just posterior to medial end of equatorial ridge, diagonally posterior, lateral in a short arc convex anterior-laterally across depressed area between ridges to meet posterior ridge. Male pores at medial ends of seminal grooves, close to equatorial ridges, 0.15 circumference apart. Spermathecal pores in 5 / 6 - 7 / 8, 0.16 circumference apart, each with small tongue-like appendage within furrow; thickened lips immediately adjacent to each pore; ventral surface of VI-VIII thickened, slightly rugose, faintly pigmented. Septa 5 / 6 - 7 / 8 thick, 8 / 9 / 10 absent, 10 / 11 - 13 / 14 thinly muscular. Gizzard large in VIII-X. Intestine begins in XV; lymph glands not found. Typhlosole medium sized from XXVI. Intestinal caeca originating in XXVII and extending anteriorly about to XXII, simple finger-shaped sac. Oesophageal hearts three pairs in XI-XIII; X, only one side. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels in ventrally joined sacs in X-XI. Seminal vesicles two pairs in XI-XII medium sized with dorsal lobes. Prostates in XVIII, extending over XVI-XIX, stout ducts, both glands consist of two main lobes, each divided again into many small lobes. Ovaries in XIII. Paired spermathecae in VI-VIII, VI smallest; ampulla surface wrinkled egg-shaped, duct slender, shorter than ampulla, diverticulum chamber clavate, almost transparent with slender stalk shorter than ampulla, no nephridia on spermathecal ducts. Genital marking glands not found.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF86361340DBFDC5FEAC5221.taxon	discussion	REMARKS: In Sims & Easton (1972), Amynthas hasamensis sp. n. keys to the hawayanus (gracilis) group. The new species is not A. gracilis (Kinberg 1867) or its possible and actual synonyms (Blakemore, 2003), all of which have several small genital markings in the spermathecal and male field segments, and lack the large porophores with seminal grooves. The gracilis species group includes 13 species found in Korea and / or Japan: A. acinctus (Goto & Hatai, 1899), A. agrestis (part) (Goto & Hatai, 1898), A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899), A. communissimus (Goto & Hatai, 1899), A. hilgendorfi (part) (Michaelsen, 1892), A. kamitai (Kobayashi, 1934), A. papulosus (Rosa, 1896), A. phaselus (Hatai, 1930), A. serratus (Kobayashi, 1936), A. vallis (Kobayashi, 1936), A. palgongensis Hong, 2001, A. minjae Hong, 2001, and A. jamesi Hong, 2007. Most of these lack large porophores with seminal grooves and most have small genital markings in spermathecal and / or male field segments. Amynthas communissimus has manicate caeca. Only A. vallis, A. jamesi, and A. palgongensis have seminal grooves on large porophores. Annular testes sacs are present in A. vallis and A. palgongensis, but A. vallis has very long diagonal seminal grooves extending back towards 18 / 19. The new species is similar to A. palgongensis, but has a different shape of the spermathecal diverticulum, a shorter diverticulum relative to the ampulla, fewer setae per segment at VII, and no setae between male pores (0 vs. 1 - 4). The T-shaped seminal grooves of A. palgongensis are also very distinct. Looking beyond the rather superficially-defined species groups in Sims & Easton (1972), the species is similar to A. cuneatus Hong & James, 2001, whose male field consists of male discs with short seminal grooves of the same orientation. It differs from A. cuneatus in having the transverse ridges and in not having the male discs mounted on large alate extensions of XVIII. The two species differ in number of spermathecal pores, and the thickened rugose slightly pigmented areas of VI-VIII (genital patches) are lateral in A. cuneatus, rather than ventral. Chen (1933; 1936; 1938; 1946) reported ten species of the gracilis group in China. Amynthas hasamensis sp. n. is similar to the Chinese A. muticus (Chen, 1938) and A. magnificus (Chen, 1936) by having male discs, but the disc shapes and spermathecal characters are different, and there are no ridges in the discs of either Chinese species.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF84361640DBF985FD20573E.taxon	description	Figs 2 A-B	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF84361640DBF985FD20573E.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL: Holotype; clitellate (NIBRIV 0000224642); Korea, Gangwon province, Taebaek municipality, Samsu-dong, Hasam 2 - ri, Mt. Taebaek (37 ° 14.074 ’ N, 128 ° 59.151 ’ E), 600 - 800 m, soil and litter layers, 29 June 2006, Y. Hong coll. – Paratypes; 1 clitellate (NIBRIV 0000224643), 1 clitellate (MHNG INVE 75338); same data as for holotype. – Nontype material; 1 clitellate specimen, Taebaek municipality, Samsu-dong, Hasam 2 - ri, Mt. Taebaek (37 ° 14.074 ’ N, 128 ° 59.151 ’ E), 600 - 800 m, soil and litter layers, 4 July 2007, Y. Hong coll.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF84361640DBF985FD20573E.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The species is named after Sim Samgak, whose farm is its type locality.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF84361640DBF985FD20573E.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Paired spermathecal pores in 5 / 6, 6 / 7; male field with large eggshaped raised pads with transverse seminal groove across pad center, 2.5 - 3.0 mm distance between male pores, testes sacs ventral, paired.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF84361640DBF985FD20573E.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: Dimensions 77 - 110.5 mm by 4.5 - 4.7 mm at segment X, 6. 0 - 6.5 mm at segment XXX, 5.5 - 6.5 mm at clitellum; segments 64 - 79. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators, numbering 24 - 32 at VII, 52 - 63 at XX, 7 between male pores, setal formula AA: AB: ZZ: YZ = 2.5: 2: 2: 2 at XIII. Female pore single in XIV, on 0.6 - 0.9 mm circle or oval. Prostomium epilobic with tongue open, clitellum coffee color, formalin preservation. First dorsal pore at 12 / 13. Clitellum annular XIV-XVI; setae invisible externally. Male field with large egg-shaped raised pads, narrow end lateral, with transverse seminal groove from center of pad to just inside lateral edge, male pore at medial end of groove. Three to four concentric arcs around lateral end of pad, 2.5 - 3.0 mm distance between male pores. Paired spermathecal pores in 5 / 6 and 6 / 7, lateral, minute. Genital markings lacking. Septa 5 / 6 - 7 / 8 thick, 8 / 9, 9 / 10 absent, 10 / 11 - 12 / 13 thickened. Gizzard large in VIII-X. Intestine begins in XV, lymph glands not found. Typhlosole medium sized from XXVI. Intestinal cecum originating in XXVII and extending anteriorly about to XXIV, bent down to ventral body wall, simple finger-shaped. Oesophageal hearts four pairs in X-XIII; X, XII and XIII large. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels in ventrally paired sacs in X-XI. Seminal vesicles two pairs in XI-XII medium sized. Prostates in XVIII, extending through XVII-XIX, long stout duct, glands divided into small lobes. Ovaries in XIII. Paired spermathecae in VI, VII; each ampulla roughly ovate, flattened, wrinkled on surfaces, slender duct as long as ampulla; diverticulum chamber club-shaped, white; slender stalk as long as ampulla, no nephridia on spermathecae ducts. Genital marking glands not found.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
BF3E87AFFF84361640DBF985FD20573E.taxon	discussion	REMARKS: Amynthas samgaki sp. n. keys to the morrisi group in Sims & Easton (1972), which is composed of 30 species. Chen (1933; 1936; 1938; 1946) recorded 12 species of the morrisi group from China. Among them, none has male pores on discs or similar pads. Amynthas oculatus (Chen, 1938) has a large pair of postsetal genital papillae but the male pores lie outside these. Two species of the canaliculatus - group, A. jangbogoi and A. jindoensis, also have male discs with seminal grooves, and the pairs of spermathecal pores are intrasegmental on VI and VII, rather than in 5 / 6 / 7. In A. jangbogoi the disc is bowling-pin shaped. The spermathecal diverticulum stalk of the latter has numerous tight kinks, as opposed to straight. I include this comparison because the canaliculatus - group could include morrisi-group species with independently evolved intrasegmental spermathecal pores. The following Korean morrisi - group species are known: A. fibulus fibulus (Kobayashi, 1936), A. fibulus ranunculus (Kobayashi, 1936), A. kobayashii (Kobayashi, 1938), A. koreanus (Kobayashi, 1938), A. geojeinsulae (Song & Paik, 1970), A. draconis Hong & James, 2001, A. naejangensis Hong & James, 2001, A. assimilis Hong & Kim 2002, and A. gyeryongensis Hong & Kim, 2002. Amynthas assimilis and A. naejangensis have male discs with seminal grooves. In A. assimilis the disc and groove are oriented diagonally. Amynthas naejangensis is larger and has more segments (116 - 153 mm vs 77 - 110 mm, 96 - 117 vs 64 - 79 respectively) but is very similar in most respects. The following details of A. naejangensis are to be contrasted to the description of Amynthas samgaki sp. n.: testes sacs dorsally united in X and XI, and enclosing seminal vesicles of XI, lymph glands present, male discs encroaching on adjacent segments, dorsal setal gap present, as indicated in the setal formula YZ: ZZ = 2.5: 4. Clearly the two species are quite similar and could be regionally-differentiated descendants of a common ancestor. Amynthas samgaki sp. n. is probably an endemic species, but more distributional and ecological data are needed to establish its relationships to soils and land use patterns. Further investigations are needed on its phylogenetic relationships with other Amynthas species, particularly A. naejangensis.	en	Hong, Yong (2011): Two new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from lettuce fields of Mt. Taebaek, Korea. Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (2): 223-230, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117806, URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/117806
