taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035197/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035197	Figure 1. Concatenated four-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, ITS1, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of Xenostrobus mussels from East Asia and Australasia. Both 313 bp and full-length COI barcodes were used in the analysis. In several cases (e.g. SG X18 and SG X18-2; XTSW1 and XTSW1-2), two sequences from the same individual were incorporated into the analysis. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. Sequence code abbreviations: E Th, Gulf of Thailand; FJP, Fukuoka, Japan; GB, GenBank; HK, Hong Kong; Indon, Indonesia; J MY, Johor, Malaysia; JP, Japan; K EMY, Kuching, East Malaysia; K JP, Kagoshima, Japan; K TW, Kinmen, Taiwan; N JP, Nagasaki, Japan; P MY, Perak, Malaysia; SG, Singapore; S Indon, Surabaya, Indonesia; SW Th, south-west Thailand; Th, Thailand; Z Tan, Zanzibar, Tanzania.	Figure 1. Concatenated four-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, ITS1, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of Xenostrobus mussels from East Asia and Australasia. Both 313 bp and full-length COI barcodes were used in the analysis. In several cases (e.g. SG X18 and SG X18-2; XTSW1 and XTSW1-2), two sequences from the same individual were incorporated into the analysis. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. Sequence code abbreviations: E Th, Gulf of Thailand; FJP, Fukuoka, Japan; GB, GenBank; HK, Hong Kong; Indon, Indonesia; J MY, Johor, Malaysia; JP, Japan; K EMY, Kuching, East Malaysia; K JP, Kagoshima, Japan; K TW, Kinmen, Taiwan; N JP, Nagasaki, Japan; P MY, Perak, Malaysia; SG, Singapore; S Indon, Surabaya, Indonesia; SW Th, south-west Thailand; Th, Thailand; Z Tan, Zanzibar, Tanzania.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035199/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035199	Figure 2. Concatenated three-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of mussels from East Asia and Australasia, including additional sequences from GenBank. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D.For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	Figure 2. Concatenated three-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of mussels from East Asia and Australasia, including additional sequences from GenBank. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D.For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035201/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035201	Figure 3. Concatenated two-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI and H3 sequences of mussels. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	Figure 3. Concatenated two-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI and H3 sequences of mussels. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035218/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035218	Figure 8. Vignadula atrata (Lischke, 1871). A, posterior region of living juvenile with extended mantle margins (imm) devoid of guard papillae. Blue and green arrows depict the direction of inhalant and exhalant currents. Scale bar: 500 µm. B, posterior region of ethanol-preserved sequenced individual XNJ 0519B, with left valve removed to show posterior end of ctenidium (ct), mixture of simple (marked by yellow crosses) and branched (yellow asterisks) guard papillae (gp) along the inner mantle margin (imm) and posterior adductor muscle (pam). Scale bar: 1 mm. C, living individual with numerous simple and branched guard papillae. Scale bar: ~500 µm. D, living individual with mostly simple guard papillae. Note the well-formed exhalant siphon. Scale bar: ~1 mm. A, Kagoshima, Japan. B–D, Nagasaki, Japan.	Figure 8. Vignadula atrata (Lischke, 1871). A, posterior region of living juvenile with extended mantle margins (imm) devoid of guard papillae. Blue and green arrows depict the direction of inhalant and exhalant currents. Scale bar: 500 µm. B, posterior region of ethanol-preserved sequenced individual XNJ 0519B, with left valve removed to show posterior end of ctenidium (ct), mixture of simple (marked by yellow crosses) and branched (yellow asterisks) guard papillae (gp) along the inner mantle margin (imm) and posterior adductor muscle (pam). Scale bar: 1 mm. C, living individual with numerous simple and branched guard papillae. Scale bar: ~500 µm. D, living individual with mostly simple guard papillae. Note the well-formed exhalant siphon. Scale bar: ~1 mm. A, Kagoshima, Japan. B–D, Nagasaki, Japan.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035228/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035228	Figure 11. Relationship between shell size and number of folds observed on the labial palps of four Vignadula species from East and Southeast Asia. Data from Ockelmann (1983) for Vignadula atrata, Vignadula balani and Vignadula mangle are indicated separately. Apart from data points based on the study by Ockelmann (1983) and three individuals of Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., all are referable to genetically sequenced individuals based on this study.	Figure 11. Relationship between shell size and number of folds observed on the labial palps of four Vignadula species from East and Southeast Asia. Data from Ockelmann (1983) for Vignadula atrata, Vignadula balani and Vignadula mangle are indicated separately. Apart from data points based on the study by Ockelmann (1983) and three individuals of Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., all are referable to genetically sequenced individuals based on this study.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035230/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035230	Figure 12. Guard papillae of Vignadula (A–D) and Xenostrobus (E–G) species on the posterior region of the inner mantle margin attached to LV. All animals shown preserved in ethanol. A, Vignadula atrata, SL = 11.4 mm, Toishi-ko, Nagasaki, Japan. B, Vignadula mangle comb. nov., SL = 13.5 mm, Kampong Bako, Kuching, Sarawak. C, Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 13.2 mm, Kuraburi, Phangnga, Thailand. D, V. kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 8.8 mm, Ban Baen, Ranong, Thailand. E, Xenostrobus inconstans, SL = 22.7 mm, Dunnalley Bay, Tasmania, Australia (TMAG E21829). F, Xenostrobus securis, SL = 24.8 mm, Swan River, Perth, WA,Australia. G, Xenostrobus pulex, SL = 13.1 mm, Cottesloe, Perth, WA, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm in A–C, E–G; 500 µm in D.	Figure 12. Guard papillae of Vignadula (A–D) and Xenostrobus (E–G) species on the posterior region of the inner mantle margin attached to LV. All animals shown preserved in ethanol. A, Vignadula atrata, SL = 11.4 mm, Toishi-ko, Nagasaki, Japan. B, Vignadula mangle comb. nov., SL = 13.5 mm, Kampong Bako, Kuching, Sarawak. C, Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 13.2 mm, Kuraburi, Phangnga, Thailand. D, V. kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 8.8 mm, Ban Baen, Ranong, Thailand. E, Xenostrobus inconstans, SL = 22.7 mm, Dunnalley Bay, Tasmania, Australia (TMAG E21829). F, Xenostrobus securis, SL = 24.8 mm, Swan River, Perth, WA,Australia. G, Xenostrobus pulex, SL = 13.1 mm, Cottesloe, Perth, WA, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm in A–C, E–G; 500 µm in D.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241322FFF465F5B685FACAB6ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035234/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035234	Figure 13. Geographical distribution of Vignadula and Xenostrobus species in East Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Locations are based on examined museum material or material collected in the field for this study by the authors, and supplemented by information contained in papers by Colgan (2017: Xenostrobus securis); Colgan et al. (2020: Xenostrobus neozelanicus and X. securis); Horikoshi & Okamoto (2007: X. securis); Iwasaki (2013: X. securis); Iwasaki & Yamamoto (2014: X. securis); Kimura (1996: Vignadula atrata); Kimura et al. (1999: X. securis [?], as Xenostrobus sp.); Lee & Morton (1985: Vignadula mangle comb. nov., as Xenostrobus atratus); Lamarck (1819: X. securis [?], as Mytilus securis; MNHN-IM-2000-34894, three syntypes); Lutaenko et al. (2019: V. atrata); Morton (1999: Xenostrobus pulex); Morton (2004: Xenostrobus inconstans); Morton & Leung (2015: X.securis); Park et al. (2017: V. atrata);Wang et al. (2011: V.atrata); Wilson (1967: Xenostrobus spp.).	Figure 13. Geographical distribution of Vignadula and Xenostrobus species in East Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Locations are based on examined museum material or material collected in the field for this study by the authors, and supplemented by information contained in papers by Colgan (2017: Xenostrobus securis); Colgan et al. (2020: Xenostrobus neozelanicus and X. securis); Horikoshi & Okamoto (2007: X. securis); Iwasaki (2013: X. securis); Iwasaki & Yamamoto (2014: X. securis); Kimura (1996: Vignadula atrata); Kimura et al. (1999: X. securis [?], as Xenostrobus sp.); Lee & Morton (1985: Vignadula mangle comb. nov., as Xenostrobus atratus); Lamarck (1819: X. securis [?], as Mytilus securis; MNHN-IM-2000-34894, three syntypes); Lutaenko et al. (2019: V. atrata); Morton (1999: Xenostrobus pulex); Morton (2004: Xenostrobus inconstans); Morton & Leung (2015: X.securis); Park et al. (2017: V. atrata);Wang et al. (2011: V.atrata); Wilson (1967: Xenostrobus spp.).	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035197/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035197	Figure 1. Concatenated four-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, ITS1, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of Xenostrobus mussels from East Asia and Australasia. Both 313 bp and full-length COI barcodes were used in the analysis. In several cases (e.g. SG X18 and SG X18-2; XTSW1 and XTSW1-2), two sequences from the same individual were incorporated into the analysis. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. Sequence code abbreviations: E Th, Gulf of Thailand; FJP, Fukuoka, Japan; GB, GenBank; HK, Hong Kong; Indon, Indonesia; J MY, Johor, Malaysia; JP, Japan; K EMY, Kuching, East Malaysia; K JP, Kagoshima, Japan; K TW, Kinmen, Taiwan; N JP, Nagasaki, Japan; P MY, Perak, Malaysia; SG, Singapore; S Indon, Surabaya, Indonesia; SW Th, south-west Thailand; Th, Thailand; Z Tan, Zanzibar, Tanzania.	Figure 1. Concatenated four-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, ITS1, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of Xenostrobus mussels from East Asia and Australasia. Both 313 bp and full-length COI barcodes were used in the analysis. In several cases (e.g. SG X18 and SG X18-2; XTSW1 and XTSW1-2), two sequences from the same individual were incorporated into the analysis. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. Sequence code abbreviations: E Th, Gulf of Thailand; FJP, Fukuoka, Japan; GB, GenBank; HK, Hong Kong; Indon, Indonesia; J MY, Johor, Malaysia; JP, Japan; K EMY, Kuching, East Malaysia; K JP, Kagoshima, Japan; K TW, Kinmen, Taiwan; N JP, Nagasaki, Japan; P MY, Perak, Malaysia; SG, Singapore; S Indon, Surabaya, Indonesia; SW Th, south-west Thailand; Th, Thailand; Z Tan, Zanzibar, Tanzania.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035199/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035199	Figure 2. Concatenated three-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of mussels from East Asia and Australasia, including additional sequences from GenBank. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D.For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	Figure 2. Concatenated three-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of mussels from East Asia and Australasia, including additional sequences from GenBank. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D.For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035201/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035201	Figure 3. Concatenated two-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI and H3 sequences of mussels. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	Figure 3. Concatenated two-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI and H3 sequences of mussels. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035207/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035207	Figure 5. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Indonesia (A, B), Malaysia (C, D, I–L) and Singapore (E–H). A, B, X4I, Surabaya, E. Java; LV, SL = 9.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24045). C, D, XA MYKS 1219A, Kampong Bako, Sarawak (Borneo); LV, SL = 12.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24021). E, F, X8, Punggol Point; LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC. MOL.24054). G, H, MX2, Sembawang Park; LV, SL = 14.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24046). I, J, XAJ 12, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL= 6.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24015). K, L, XMJ 3, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL = 10.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24019). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	Figure 5. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Indonesia (A, B), Malaysia (C, D, I–L) and Singapore (E–H). A, B, X4I, Surabaya, E. Java; LV, SL = 9.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24045). C, D, XA MYKS 1219A, Kampong Bako, Sarawak (Borneo); LV, SL = 12.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24021). E, F, X8, Punggol Point; LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC. MOL.24054). G, H, MX2, Sembawang Park; LV, SL = 14.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24046). I, J, XAJ 12, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL= 6.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24015). K, L, XMJ 3, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL = 10.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24019). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035212/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035212	Figure 6. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Malaysia (A, B), Thailand (C–H) and Taiwan (I–L). A, B, XA MYPK 0419C, Lumut, Perak (Malacca Strait); RV, SL = 6.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24041). C, D, XBT3, Pak Meng, Trang Province, Thailand (Andaman Sea); LV, SL = 11.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24067). E, F, XTE6, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province (Gulf of Thailand); LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC.MOL.24004). G, H, XM TBB 0719C, Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi Province (Gulf ofThailand); LV,SL= 9.7 mm (ZRC.MOL.24007).I, J, XTW1, Kinmen,Taiwan; LV,SL = 9.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24033). K, L, XTW6, Kinmen, Taiwan; LV, SL = 9.5 mm (ZRC.MOL.24038). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	Figure 6. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Malaysia (A, B), Thailand (C–H) and Taiwan (I–L). A, B, XA MYPK 0419C, Lumut, Perak (Malacca Strait); RV, SL = 6.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24041). C, D, XBT3, Pak Meng, Trang Province, Thailand (Andaman Sea); LV, SL = 11.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24067). E, F, XTE6, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province (Gulf of Thailand); LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC.MOL.24004). G, H, XM TBB 0719C, Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi Province (Gulf ofThailand); LV,SL= 9.7 mm (ZRC.MOL.24007).I, J, XTW1, Kinmen,Taiwan; LV,SL = 9.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24033). K, L, XTW6, Kinmen, Taiwan; LV, SL = 9.5 mm (ZRC.MOL.24038). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035222/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035222	Figure 9. Type material of Vignadula mangle comb. nov. and Vignadula balani. A–D, Xenostrobus mangle Ockelmann, 1983 paratypes NHMD 916051 Jeram, Selangor, peninsular Malaysia. A, B, SL = 8.2 mm. C, D, SL = 11.0 mm. E–H, Xenostrobus balani Ockelmann, 1983 paratypes NHMD 915909 Phuket, Thailand. E, F, SL = 6.4 mm. G, LV, SL = 7.2 mm. H, LV, SL = 8.5 mm.	Figure 9. Type material of Vignadula mangle comb. nov. and Vignadula balani. A–D, Xenostrobus mangle Ockelmann, 1983 paratypes NHMD 916051 Jeram, Selangor, peninsular Malaysia. A, B, SL = 8.2 mm. C, D, SL = 11.0 mm. E–H, Xenostrobus balani Ockelmann, 1983 paratypes NHMD 915909 Phuket, Thailand. E, F, SL = 6.4 mm. G, LV, SL = 7.2 mm. H, LV, SL = 8.5 mm.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035226/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035226	Figure 10. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. A, numerous individuals amongst barnacles (Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854)) on an intertidal rocky shore at Teluk Senangin, Perak, Malaysia. Scale bar: 1 cm. B, intact living individual seen from its left, with extended inhalant (inner mantle lobes bearing simple guard papillae, gp) and exhalant (es) siphons. Scale bar: 1 mm. C, surface of posterior half of left valve (SL = 8.0 mm; specimen collected from Sembawang, Singapore) with ‘special byssus secretions’ (sbs), or commarginal series of thickenings or blunt serrations, sensu Ockelmann (1983). Scale bar: 500 µm. D, outer plicate gland, after removal of ctenidium. Scale bar: 1 mm. E–G, detail of the posterior region of living individuals, showing simple and branched (yellow asterisks) guard papillae. Both types of papillae can occur in the same individual, as shown in E and F. Blue and green arrows depict the direction of inhalant and exhalant currents. Scale bars: 1 mm. D, Hat Yao jetty, Trang, Gulf of Thailand. E, Teluk Batik, Lumut, Perak. B, F, G, Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi, Gulf of Thailand.	Figure 10. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. A, numerous individuals amongst barnacles (Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854)) on an intertidal rocky shore at Teluk Senangin, Perak, Malaysia. Scale bar: 1 cm. B, intact living individual seen from its left, with extended inhalant (inner mantle lobes bearing simple guard papillae, gp) and exhalant (es) siphons. Scale bar: 1 mm. C, surface of posterior half of left valve (SL = 8.0 mm; specimen collected from Sembawang, Singapore) with ‘special byssus secretions’ (sbs), or commarginal series of thickenings or blunt serrations, sensu Ockelmann (1983). Scale bar: 500 µm. D, outer plicate gland, after removal of ctenidium. Scale bar: 1 mm. E–G, detail of the posterior region of living individuals, showing simple and branched (yellow asterisks) guard papillae. Both types of papillae can occur in the same individual, as shown in E and F. Blue and green arrows depict the direction of inhalant and exhalant currents. Scale bars: 1 mm. D, Hat Yao jetty, Trang, Gulf of Thailand. E, Teluk Batik, Lumut, Perak. B, F, G, Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi, Gulf of Thailand.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035228/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035228	Figure 11. Relationship between shell size and number of folds observed on the labial palps of four Vignadula species from East and Southeast Asia. Data from Ockelmann (1983) for Vignadula atrata, Vignadula balani and Vignadula mangle are indicated separately. Apart from data points based on the study by Ockelmann (1983) and three individuals of Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., all are referable to genetically sequenced individuals based on this study.	Figure 11. Relationship between shell size and number of folds observed on the labial palps of four Vignadula species from East and Southeast Asia. Data from Ockelmann (1983) for Vignadula atrata, Vignadula balani and Vignadula mangle are indicated separately. Apart from data points based on the study by Ockelmann (1983) and three individuals of Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., all are referable to genetically sequenced individuals based on this study.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035230/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035230	Figure 12. Guard papillae of Vignadula (A–D) and Xenostrobus (E–G) species on the posterior region of the inner mantle margin attached to LV. All animals shown preserved in ethanol. A, Vignadula atrata, SL = 11.4 mm, Toishi-ko, Nagasaki, Japan. B, Vignadula mangle comb. nov., SL = 13.5 mm, Kampong Bako, Kuching, Sarawak. C, Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 13.2 mm, Kuraburi, Phangnga, Thailand. D, V. kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 8.8 mm, Ban Baen, Ranong, Thailand. E, Xenostrobus inconstans, SL = 22.7 mm, Dunnalley Bay, Tasmania, Australia (TMAG E21829). F, Xenostrobus securis, SL = 24.8 mm, Swan River, Perth, WA,Australia. G, Xenostrobus pulex, SL = 13.1 mm, Cottesloe, Perth, WA, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm in A–C, E–G; 500 µm in D.	Figure 12. Guard papillae of Vignadula (A–D) and Xenostrobus (E–G) species on the posterior region of the inner mantle margin attached to LV. All animals shown preserved in ethanol. A, Vignadula atrata, SL = 11.4 mm, Toishi-ko, Nagasaki, Japan. B, Vignadula mangle comb. nov., SL = 13.5 mm, Kampong Bako, Kuching, Sarawak. C, Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 13.2 mm, Kuraburi, Phangnga, Thailand. D, V. kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 8.8 mm, Ban Baen, Ranong, Thailand. E, Xenostrobus inconstans, SL = 22.7 mm, Dunnalley Bay, Tasmania, Australia (TMAG E21829). F, Xenostrobus securis, SL = 24.8 mm, Swan River, Perth, WA,Australia. G, Xenostrobus pulex, SL = 13.1 mm, Cottesloe, Perth, WA, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm in A–C, E–G; 500 µm in D.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F24132CFFEC6553B6DCFA4BB22E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035234/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035234	Figure 13. Geographical distribution of Vignadula and Xenostrobus species in East Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Locations are based on examined museum material or material collected in the field for this study by the authors, and supplemented by information contained in papers by Colgan (2017: Xenostrobus securis); Colgan et al. (2020: Xenostrobus neozelanicus and X. securis); Horikoshi & Okamoto (2007: X. securis); Iwasaki (2013: X. securis); Iwasaki & Yamamoto (2014: X. securis); Kimura (1996: Vignadula atrata); Kimura et al. (1999: X. securis [?], as Xenostrobus sp.); Lee & Morton (1985: Vignadula mangle comb. nov., as Xenostrobus atratus); Lamarck (1819: X. securis [?], as Mytilus securis; MNHN-IM-2000-34894, three syntypes); Lutaenko et al. (2019: V. atrata); Morton (1999: Xenostrobus pulex); Morton (2004: Xenostrobus inconstans); Morton & Leung (2015: X.securis); Park et al. (2017: V. atrata);Wang et al. (2011: V.atrata); Wilson (1967: Xenostrobus spp.).	Figure 13. Geographical distribution of Vignadula and Xenostrobus species in East Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Locations are based on examined museum material or material collected in the field for this study by the authors, and supplemented by information contained in papers by Colgan (2017: Xenostrobus securis); Colgan et al. (2020: Xenostrobus neozelanicus and X. securis); Horikoshi & Okamoto (2007: X. securis); Iwasaki (2013: X. securis); Iwasaki & Yamamoto (2014: X. securis); Kimura (1996: Vignadula atrata); Kimura et al. (1999: X. securis [?], as Xenostrobus sp.); Lee & Morton (1985: Vignadula mangle comb. nov., as Xenostrobus atratus); Lamarck (1819: X. securis [?], as Mytilus securis; MNHN-IM-2000-34894, three syntypes); Lutaenko et al. (2019: V. atrata); Morton (1999: Xenostrobus pulex); Morton (2004: Xenostrobus inconstans); Morton & Leung (2015: X.securis); Park et al. (2017: V. atrata);Wang et al. (2011: V.atrata); Wilson (1967: Xenostrobus spp.).	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035197/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035197	Figure 1. Concatenated four-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, ITS1, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of Xenostrobus mussels from East Asia and Australasia. Both 313 bp and full-length COI barcodes were used in the analysis. In several cases (e.g. SG X18 and SG X18-2; XTSW1 and XTSW1-2), two sequences from the same individual were incorporated into the analysis. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. Sequence code abbreviations: E Th, Gulf of Thailand; FJP, Fukuoka, Japan; GB, GenBank; HK, Hong Kong; Indon, Indonesia; J MY, Johor, Malaysia; JP, Japan; K EMY, Kuching, East Malaysia; K JP, Kagoshima, Japan; K TW, Kinmen, Taiwan; N JP, Nagasaki, Japan; P MY, Perak, Malaysia; SG, Singapore; S Indon, Surabaya, Indonesia; SW Th, south-west Thailand; Th, Thailand; Z Tan, Zanzibar, Tanzania.	Figure 1. Concatenated four-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, ITS1, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of Xenostrobus mussels from East Asia and Australasia. Both 313 bp and full-length COI barcodes were used in the analysis. In several cases (e.g. SG X18 and SG X18-2; XTSW1 and XTSW1-2), two sequences from the same individual were incorporated into the analysis. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. Sequence code abbreviations: E Th, Gulf of Thailand; FJP, Fukuoka, Japan; GB, GenBank; HK, Hong Kong; Indon, Indonesia; J MY, Johor, Malaysia; JP, Japan; K EMY, Kuching, East Malaysia; K JP, Kagoshima, Japan; K TW, Kinmen, Taiwan; N JP, Nagasaki, Japan; P MY, Perak, Malaysia; SG, Singapore; S Indon, Surabaya, Indonesia; SW Th, south-west Thailand; Th, Thailand; Z Tan, Zanzibar, Tanzania.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035199/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035199	Figure 2. Concatenated three-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of mussels from East Asia and Australasia, including additional sequences from GenBank. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D.For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	Figure 2. Concatenated three-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI, 28S D1R and H3 sequences of mussels from East Asia and Australasia, including additional sequences from GenBank. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D.For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035201/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035201	Figure 3. Concatenated two-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI and H3 sequences of mussels. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	Figure 3. Concatenated two-gene Bayesian inference/maximum likelihood tree based on COI and H3 sequences of mussels. For readability, some nodes on the branch tips have been omitted and the lengths of some branches truncated (marked by a double slash). Sequence codes with asterisks were obtained from specimens shown in Figures 4–7. Line and text colours correspond to the colour scheme used to differentiate the geographical distributions of the species represented in the clades A, B, C and D. For an explanation of sequence code abbreviations, see legend to Figure 1.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035214/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035214	Figure 7. Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov. Sequenced specimens from western Thailand: A–H, Ban Thung La Ong in Kuraburi District, Phang-nga Province; I, J, Bang Ben Bay, Laem Son National Park, Kapoe District, Ranong Province. A, B, XTSW1; LV, SL = 12.8 mm (holotype, PMBC 25290). C, D, XTSW2; LV, SL = 13.2 mm (paratype, PMBC 25291). E, F, XTSW3; LV, SL = 12.3 mm (paratype ZRC.MOL.24068). G, H, XTSW4; RV (anterior half of ventral edge partially broken), SL = 11.5 mm (ZRC.MOL.24069). I, J, XTSW5; LV, SL = 9.0 mm (ZRC.MOL.24070). See also Clade B in Figures 1–3.	Figure 7. Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov. Sequenced specimens from western Thailand: A–H, Ban Thung La Ong in Kuraburi District, Phang-nga Province; I, J, Bang Ben Bay, Laem Son National Park, Kapoe District, Ranong Province. A, B, XTSW1; LV, SL = 12.8 mm (holotype, PMBC 25290). C, D, XTSW2; LV, SL = 13.2 mm (paratype, PMBC 25291). E, F, XTSW3; LV, SL = 12.3 mm (paratype ZRC.MOL.24068). G, H, XTSW4; RV (anterior half of ventral edge partially broken), SL = 11.5 mm (ZRC.MOL.24069). I, J, XTSW5; LV, SL = 9.0 mm (ZRC.MOL.24070). See also Clade B in Figures 1–3.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035228/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035228	Figure 11. Relationship between shell size and number of folds observed on the labial palps of four Vignadula species from East and Southeast Asia. Data from Ockelmann (1983) for Vignadula atrata, Vignadula balani and Vignadula mangle are indicated separately. Apart from data points based on the study by Ockelmann (1983) and three individuals of Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., all are referable to genetically sequenced individuals based on this study.	Figure 11. Relationship between shell size and number of folds observed on the labial palps of four Vignadula species from East and Southeast Asia. Data from Ockelmann (1983) for Vignadula atrata, Vignadula balani and Vignadula mangle are indicated separately. Apart from data points based on the study by Ockelmann (1983) and three individuals of Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., all are referable to genetically sequenced individuals based on this study.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035230/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035230	Figure 12. Guard papillae of Vignadula (A–D) and Xenostrobus (E–G) species on the posterior region of the inner mantle margin attached to LV. All animals shown preserved in ethanol. A, Vignadula atrata, SL = 11.4 mm, Toishi-ko, Nagasaki, Japan. B, Vignadula mangle comb. nov., SL = 13.5 mm, Kampong Bako, Kuching, Sarawak. C, Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 13.2 mm, Kuraburi, Phangnga, Thailand. D, V. kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 8.8 mm, Ban Baen, Ranong, Thailand. E, Xenostrobus inconstans, SL = 22.7 mm, Dunnalley Bay, Tasmania, Australia (TMAG E21829). F, Xenostrobus securis, SL = 24.8 mm, Swan River, Perth, WA,Australia. G, Xenostrobus pulex, SL = 13.1 mm, Cottesloe, Perth, WA, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm in A–C, E–G; 500 µm in D.	Figure 12. Guard papillae of Vignadula (A–D) and Xenostrobus (E–G) species on the posterior region of the inner mantle margin attached to LV. All animals shown preserved in ethanol. A, Vignadula atrata, SL = 11.4 mm, Toishi-ko, Nagasaki, Japan. B, Vignadula mangle comb. nov., SL = 13.5 mm, Kampong Bako, Kuching, Sarawak. C, Vignadula kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 13.2 mm, Kuraburi, Phangnga, Thailand. D, V. kuraburiensis sp. nov., SL = 8.8 mm, Ban Baen, Ranong, Thailand. E, Xenostrobus inconstans, SL = 22.7 mm, Dunnalley Bay, Tasmania, Australia (TMAG E21829). F, Xenostrobus securis, SL = 24.8 mm, Swan River, Perth, WA,Australia. G, Xenostrobus pulex, SL = 13.1 mm, Cottesloe, Perth, WA, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm in A–C, E–G; 500 µm in D.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035234/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035234	Figure 13. Geographical distribution of Vignadula and Xenostrobus species in East Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Locations are based on examined museum material or material collected in the field for this study by the authors, and supplemented by information contained in papers by Colgan (2017: Xenostrobus securis); Colgan et al. (2020: Xenostrobus neozelanicus and X. securis); Horikoshi & Okamoto (2007: X. securis); Iwasaki (2013: X. securis); Iwasaki & Yamamoto (2014: X. securis); Kimura (1996: Vignadula atrata); Kimura et al. (1999: X. securis [?], as Xenostrobus sp.); Lee & Morton (1985: Vignadula mangle comb. nov., as Xenostrobus atratus); Lamarck (1819: X. securis [?], as Mytilus securis; MNHN-IM-2000-34894, three syntypes); Lutaenko et al. (2019: V. atrata); Morton (1999: Xenostrobus pulex); Morton (2004: Xenostrobus inconstans); Morton & Leung (2015: X.securis); Park et al. (2017: V. atrata);Wang et al. (2011: V.atrata); Wilson (1967: Xenostrobus spp.).	Figure 13. Geographical distribution of Vignadula and Xenostrobus species in East Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Locations are based on examined museum material or material collected in the field for this study by the authors, and supplemented by information contained in papers by Colgan (2017: Xenostrobus securis); Colgan et al. (2020: Xenostrobus neozelanicus and X. securis); Horikoshi & Okamoto (2007: X. securis); Iwasaki (2013: X. securis); Iwasaki & Yamamoto (2014: X. securis); Kimura (1996: Vignadula atrata); Kimura et al. (1999: X. securis [?], as Xenostrobus sp.); Lee & Morton (1985: Vignadula mangle comb. nov., as Xenostrobus atratus); Lamarck (1819: X. securis [?], as Mytilus securis; MNHN-IM-2000-34894, three syntypes); Lutaenko et al. (2019: V. atrata); Morton (1999: Xenostrobus pulex); Morton (2004: Xenostrobus inconstans); Morton & Leung (2015: X.securis); Park et al. (2017: V. atrata);Wang et al. (2011: V.atrata); Wilson (1967: Xenostrobus spp.).	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035203/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035203	Figure 4. Vignadula atrata (Lischke, 1871). Sequenced specimens from Kyushu, Japan: A–H, Nagasaki; I–L, Kagoshima. A, B, XM NJ 0519; LV, SL = 11.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24028). C, D, XNJ 0519A; LV, SL = 12.4 mm (ZRC.MOL.24029). E, F, XNJ 0519B; LV, SL = 10.6 mm (ZRC.MOL.24030). G, H, XNJ 0519C; LV, SL = 9.6 mm (ZRC.MOL.24031). I, J, XKJ 0519B; LV, SL = 8.0 mm (ZRC.MOL.24025). K, L, XKJ 0519C, SL = 6.6 mm (ZRC.MOL.24026). See also Clade C in Figures 1–3.	Figure 4. Vignadula atrata (Lischke, 1871). Sequenced specimens from Kyushu, Japan: A–H, Nagasaki; I–L, Kagoshima. A, B, XM NJ 0519; LV, SL = 11.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24028). C, D, XNJ 0519A; LV, SL = 12.4 mm (ZRC.MOL.24029). E, F, XNJ 0519B; LV, SL = 10.6 mm (ZRC.MOL.24030). G, H, XNJ 0519C; LV, SL = 9.6 mm (ZRC.MOL.24031). I, J, XKJ 0519B; LV, SL = 8.0 mm (ZRC.MOL.24025). K, L, XKJ 0519C, SL = 6.6 mm (ZRC.MOL.24026). See also Clade C in Figures 1–3.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035207/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035207	Figure 5. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Indonesia (A, B), Malaysia (C, D, I–L) and Singapore (E–H). A, B, X4I, Surabaya, E. Java; LV, SL = 9.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24045). C, D, XA MYKS 1219A, Kampong Bako, Sarawak (Borneo); LV, SL = 12.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24021). E, F, X8, Punggol Point; LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC. MOL.24054). G, H, MX2, Sembawang Park; LV, SL = 14.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24046). I, J, XAJ 12, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL= 6.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24015). K, L, XMJ 3, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL = 10.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24019). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	Figure 5. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Indonesia (A, B), Malaysia (C, D, I–L) and Singapore (E–H). A, B, X4I, Surabaya, E. Java; LV, SL = 9.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24045). C, D, XA MYKS 1219A, Kampong Bako, Sarawak (Borneo); LV, SL = 12.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24021). E, F, X8, Punggol Point; LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC. MOL.24054). G, H, MX2, Sembawang Park; LV, SL = 14.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24046). I, J, XAJ 12, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL= 6.8 mm (ZRC.MOL.24015). K, L, XMJ 3, Sungei Punggur, Johor (Malacca Strait); LV, SL = 10.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24019). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
039E6F241331FFE86680B3E0FC6AB129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7035212/files/figure.png	http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035212	Figure 6. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Malaysia (A, B), Thailand (C–H) and Taiwan (I–L). A, B, XA MYPK 0419C, Lumut, Perak (Malacca Strait); RV, SL = 6.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24041). C, D, XBT3, Pak Meng, Trang Province, Thailand (Andaman Sea); LV, SL = 11.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24067). E, F, XTE6, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province (Gulf of Thailand); LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC.MOL.24004). G, H, XM TBB 0719C, Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi Province (Gulf ofThailand); LV,SL= 9.7 mm (ZRC.MOL.24007).I, J, XTW1, Kinmen,Taiwan; LV,SL = 9.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24033). K, L, XTW6, Kinmen, Taiwan; LV, SL = 9.5 mm (ZRC.MOL.24038). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	Figure 6. Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) comb. nov. Selected sequenced specimens from Malaysia (A, B), Thailand (C–H) and Taiwan (I–L). A, B, XA MYPK 0419C, Lumut, Perak (Malacca Strait); RV, SL = 6.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24041). C, D, XBT3, Pak Meng, Trang Province, Thailand (Andaman Sea); LV, SL = 11.9 mm (ZRC.MOL.24067). E, F, XTE6, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province (Gulf of Thailand); LV, SL = 10.1 mm (ZRC.MOL.24004). G, H, XM TBB 0719C, Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi Province (Gulf ofThailand); LV,SL= 9.7 mm (ZRC.MOL.24007).I, J, XTW1, Kinmen,Taiwan; LV,SL = 9.2 mm (ZRC.MOL.24033). K, L, XTW6, Kinmen, Taiwan; LV, SL = 9.5 mm (ZRC.MOL.24038). See also Clade D in Figures 1–3.	2022-05-14	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni		Zenodo	biologists	Tan, Koh Siang;Tan, Samuel Hui Ming;Sanpanich, Kitithorn;Duangdee, Teerapong;Ambarwati, Reni			
