taxonID	type	description	language	source
DC1787D591436E6DFF20FBDAFA2B35B0.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Henestaris kinbergi Stål, 1858 by subsequent designation	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591436E6DFF20FBDAFA2B35B0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. General habitus oval, moderately elongate. Head pentagonal with eyes moderately stylate; eye stalks sometimes erect or projected. Ocular sulcus complete, mostly well-defined; ocelli situated near ocular sulci. Mandibular and maxillary plates clearly separated; bucculae projected, sometimes exceeding line of mandibular plates with margins converging gradually towards base of head; labial trough U- or V-shaped margins not fusing anteriad to base of head (Fig. 2 B). Labiomeres II – III subequal. Pronotum trapezoidal with lateral margin variably constricted. Scutellum subequilateral, triangular with median trifurcate carina mostly distinct, elevated, and sometimes flared. Clavus of hemelytron with margins parallel; claval commissure developed, length of claval commissure subequal to half-length of scutellum. Corium with punctuation arranged in lines along corial veins Cu, M and R, sometimes with interveinal punctuation. Metathoracic wing with hamus developed; intervannals present, basally fused (Fig. 2 D). Peritreme auricular with dorsal supportive process of variable length and shape, peritremal surface distinct; evaporatorium covering most of meso- and metapleurite (Fig. 3 A-D). Femora fusiform, apex of fore femora with a minute tooth-like process both dorsally and ventrally; fore tibiae club-shaped, middle and hind tibiae rather cylindrical. Tarsomere I and III subequal in length on fore and middle legs, tarsomere II shortest. Tarsomere I longest on hind legs, length subequal to sum of length of tarsomere II and III; tarsomere II shortest. Sutures of abdominal tergites 4 / 5 – 5 / 6 slightly curved posteriad, apices obtuse (Fig. 2 C). Abdominal spiracles II-IV dorsal, spiracles V-VII ventral. Abdominal trichobothria consist of bothrium bearing a single sensilla, situated ventromedially on abdominal sternites III – IV and submarginally on sternites V – VII. Trichobothria on sternites II – IV arranged in almost straight line or obtuse triangle; on sternites V – VI trichobothria arranged in triangle, one situated near anterior margin and two situated close to each other near posterior margin of sternite; sternite VII bears a single trichobothrium. Trichobothrial formula: 3 – 3 – 1 (2) – 1 (2) – 1. Female ovipositor bisecting abdominal sternites V – VII. Male paramere with blades stout, at most slightly curved; parameres crossing each other in situ, forming X-shape.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591436E6DFF20FBDAFA2B35B0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The genus distributed from Sub-Saharan Africa to French Polynesia (Kóbor & Kondorosy 2022).	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591436E6DFF20FBDAFA2B35B0.taxon	description	Key to New Guinean Germalus species	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6DFF20FCD3FBDF321D.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 A, 2 B – D, 3 A, 4)	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6DFF20FCD3FBDF321D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 1 ♀ (BMNH): “ PAPUA N. G. / Bulolo / 10. VIII. 1951 / / on Shrub / H. Roberts coll. / C. I. E. A 13485 // 1560 // Germalus sp. / det. M. R. Wilson 1983; 1 ♀ (BPBM): NEW GUINEA NE: / Wau 1200 m / 4. X. 1932 // on Sunflower (Helianthus anuus) // W. C. Gagne Collector / BISHOP ”; 1 ♂ (BPBM): “ NEW GUINEA / Wau, Bishop / Museum, No. 37 / Field Station / 15 – 25 IV. 1965 / leg. J. Balogh & J. Szent-Ivanyi ”.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6DFF20FCD3FBDF321D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Germalus fuscovittatus can be separated from other Germalus species of New Guinea with the combination of following characters: dark spot at humeral angles absent, dorsum with broad, fuscous median band extending from head to apex of abdomen; eyes less stylate than in other New Guinean Germalus species and not projected; punctuation of claval commissure missing, punctuation of M-R complete. Dorsal supporting process of peritreme short, reversing (Fig. 3 A)	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6DFF20FCD3FBDF321D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Records of G. fuscovittatus is known from northern Queensland, islands of the Torres Strait and New Guinea (Malipatil & Blackett 2013, present article). Specimens examined in present study were collected near Bulolo and Wau, Papua-New Guinea (fig. 4), habitat: Southeastern Papuan rain forests.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6AFF20FA7FFE653105.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 B, 3 B, 4) Holotype: ♂ (NHMW): “ Diuremna / 1900 – 2100 m / 9 – 11. IX. // IRIAN JAYA / Jayawijaya-Prov. / leg. A. Riedel, 1992. ” Paratype: ♀ (NHMW): “ Diuremna / 1900 – 2100 m / 9 – 11. IX. // IRIAN JAYA / Jayawijaya-Prov. / leg. A. Riedel, 1992. ” Description. Colouration. Head generally ochraceous, vertex and clypeus with blackish decoration of variable extent (Fig. 2 A). Eyestalk with blackish irregular spots posteriad reaching nearly the midline of eyestalk dorsally. Ocelli hyaline. Antennomere I ochraceous with apical half strongly infuscate dorsally; antennomeres II – III narrowly infuscate at base and apex; antennomere IV mostly dark fuscous with narrow ochraceous annulation basally. Mandibular plates with three irregular brownish spots between apex and ocular sulcus. Labiomeres ochraceous, extreme apex of labiomere IV black. Thorax. Pronotum ochraceous with blackish punctuation and black longitudinal band medially. Humeral angles with a blackish ovoid spot and a tooth-shaped irregular brownish spots on posterior margin. Scutellum blackish with small ovoid ochraceous spots at basal and apical edges of median trifurcate carina. Clavus of hemelytron blackish with an irregular, elongate ochraceous spots at base of claval furrow and corial margin of clavus. Corium mostly ochraceous, punctuation along veins blackish; apical third of Cu and adjoining part of margin of corium with irregular infuscate area. Exocorium narrowly marginated with dark brown. Thoracic pleurites and sternites ochraceous with blackish punctuation; meso- and metathorax with an extended irregular blackish spot interrupted by the peritreme. Femora and tibiae with small brownish maculae. Abdominal tergites blackish; abdominal sternites ochraceous with dorsal margins brownish posteriad; sternites IV and VI with irregular brownish spots of variable extent laterad. Structure. Integument of head dull, impunctate. Eyes moderately stylate; eye stalks moderately projected; ocular sulcus complete, distinct. Ocelli situated near ocular sulcus at basal part of vertex; ocellus-eye distance to interocellar distance: 1: 1.39. Clypeus rounded exceeding the mandibular plates, margins of clypeus converging towards base, constricted medially. Antenniferous tubercles well-developed, rounded, but not visible in dorsal view. Antennomere I shortest, granuliform with two short, erect setae basally; antennomere II longest, cylindrical; antennomere III somewhat shorter than IV subequal in length; antennomere III cylindrical, antennomere IV fusiform. Ratio of antennomeres: 1: 2.41: 1.69: 2.00. Mandibular and maxillar plates clearly separated; ventral margin of bucculae forming a U-shaped labial trough. Labiomere I surpassing base of head; labiomeres I – III subequal; labiomere IV somewhat shorter, apex of labiomere IV reaching line of metacoxae. Ratio of labiomeres: 1: 1.0: 1.0: 0.75. Thorax. Pronotum trapeziform with lateral margin slightly carinate and constricted medially; pronotum ratio: 1: 1.55. Integument of pronotum deeply punctate except collar-like spot at anterior margin, pronotal callosities and humeral angles. Scutellum triangular, subequilateral; scutellum length to width: 1: 1.21. Scutellum strongly punctate except well-developed, elevated, median trifurcate carina. Hemelytron macropterous. Clavus well-developed, margins parallel; claval commissure complete with a line of punctures at full length. Margins densely punctate at almost full length of both scutellar and corial margins; punctuation at corial margin continues at basal part of posterior edge of corium. Length of claval commissure to median length of scutellum: 1: 1.74. Corium punctate along venation as follows: Cu punctate at apical half of length, M-R punctate at full length. Exocorium widening towards apex. Membrane well developed, surpassing apex of abdomen, without conspicuous venation. Thoracic pleurites and sternites densely punctate except collar of prosternite, supracoxal lobes, peritreme and posterior lobe of metapleurite. Peritreme auricular with an elongate, crescent-shaped dorsal supporting process (Fig. 3 B); peritremal surface distinct. Femora fusiform, fore femora with minute tooth-like processes apically on dorsal and ventral side. Fore tibiae clubshaped, middle and hind tibiae rather cylindrical. Tarsal claws evenly curved with well-defined blunt spur basally. Unguitractor plate with conspicuous, ovoid parempodia-like pads. Abdomen impunctate, integument covered with fine silvery pubescence, genital segments setose. Female ovipositor elongate, bisecting abdominal sternites V – VII. Measurements (holotype). Total body length: 5.81; length of head: 0.76, width of head: 1.68; distance of ocelli: 0.43; labiomeres: 0.67 – 0.67 – 0.67 – 0.50; length of antennomeres: 0.39 – 0.94 – 0.66 – 0.78; length of pronotum: 1.20, width of pronotum: 1.86; length of scutellum: 0.82; width of scutellum: 0.99; length of claval commissure: 0.47.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6AFF20FA7FFE653105.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. G. pulchellus sp. nov. resembles G. pappi sp. nov. from New Guinea, G. scabrus Kóbor & Kondorosy, 2022 from the Solomon Islands and the Australian species, G. coloratus Distant, 1918 in general features. In G. pappi pronotum with broad blackish transverse band across pronotal callosities (in G. pulchellus pronotum with narrow longitudinal band medially) and the supportive process of peritreme almost straight (in G. pulchellus the supportive process strongly curved, crescent-shaped). In G. scabrus pronotum with both longitudinal and transversal bands (in G. pulchellus pronotum with only median longitudinal band) and no collar-like impunctate spot present at anterior margin of pronotum (in G. pulchellus pronotum with distinct collar-like impunctate spot at anterior margin). In G. coloratus decoration of pronotum consists of spots at humeral angles (in G. pulchellus decoration of pronotum consists of median longitudinal band and spots at humeral angles) and median trifurcate carina of scutellum entirely ochraceous (in G. pulchellus only apices of trifurcate carina are ochraceous).	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6AFF20FA7FFE653105.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Species epithet Latin, meaning “ beautiful, pretty ” and refers to the decorative appearance of this insect, especially the pattern of vertex.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591406E6AFF20FA7FFE653105.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Holotype and paratype were collected near Irian Jaya, New Guinea (fig. 4), habitat: Central Range montane rain forests.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591476E69FF20F946FD9631B5.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 C, 3 C, 4) Holotype: ♂ (SDEI): “ 17. – 19. IX. 1991 / Irian Jaya, Wamena / Jayawijaya Prov. / Pronggoli, 2100 – 2400 m / leg. A. Riedel ”. Description. Colouration. Body mostly ochraceous with brownish to blackish punctuation on thoracic dorsum and blackish decorations. Eyes and ocelli colourless, shiny; surroundings of ocelli slightly infuscate. Blackish, drop-shaped spot at base of clypeus. Surroundings of antenniferous tubercles infuscate. Antennomeres I – III generally dark ochraceous with decoration as follows: antennomere I dorsally infuscate, antennomere II – III apically fuscous; antennomere IV uniformly fuscous. Labiomeres uniformly ochraceous. Thorax. Pronotum with blackish, median longitudinal band and one blackish, rounded spot at each humeral angle. Pronotal callosities somewhat darker in hue than base colour. Scutellum blackish anteriad encompassed by the trifurcate carina. Costal margin of corium finely emarginated with black, ending in small blackish spots at apex of corium. Membrane hyaline. Thoracic pleurites. slightly infused with red medially. Metapleurites with brownish spot at posterior margin medially. Legs ochraceous; femora with brownish maculae. Abdomen. Tergites II – VI with irregular blackish transverse bands of various extent posteriad; tergite VII with slight elongate infuscate spot medially. Abdominal sternites with black spots around spiracles and brownish spots at dorsal apices; abdominal sternites II – IV with extended blackish spots basally. Structure. Head pentagonal; integument dull, impunctate. Eyes moderately stylate, eye stalks moderately projected; ocular sulcus complete, distinct. Ocelli situated near ocular sulcus at basal part of vertex; interocellar distance to eye – ocellus distance: 1: 1.55. Clypeus rounded, exceeding mandibular plates; margins of clypeus slightly constricted medially. Antenniferous tubercle well-developed, apex visible in dorsal view. Antennomeres covered with sparse, decumbent pubescence, antennomere I with short setae basally. Antennomere I shortest, antennomere II longest; antennomeres III – IV subequal. Ratio of antennomeres: 1: 2.24: 1.53: 1.97. Mandibular and maxillar plates clearly separated; ventral margin of bucculae forming a U-shaped labial trough. Labiomere I reaching anterior margin of prosternum; labiomere II – III subequal, somewhat shorter than labiomere I; labiomere IV shortest. Ratio of labiomeres I – IV: 1: 0.89: 0.85: 0.77. Thorax. Pronotum trapeziform with lateral margin slightly carinate and constricted medially; pronotum length: width ratio: 1: 1.43. Integument of pronotum deeply punctate except collar-like spot at anterior margin, pronotal callosities, posterior margin and humeral angles. Scutellum triangular, subequilateral; scutellum length: width ratio: 1: 1.21. Integument of scutellum strongly punctate except well-developed, elevated and slightly flared median trifurcate carina. Hemelytron macropterous. Clavus well-developed, margins subparallel; claval commissure complete with a line of punctures at full length. Scutellar margin with 2 – 3 punctures basally, corial margin densely punctate at almost full length; punctuation continues at basal part of apical edge of corium. Length of claval commissure to median length of scutellum: 1: 1.40. Corium punctate along venation as follows: along Cu at apical half of length, along M-R almost at full length, but not reaching apical margin of corium. Exocorium widening towards apex. Membrane well developed, surpassing apex of abdomen, without conspicuous venation. Thoracic pleurites and sternites densely punctate except collar of prosternite, supracoxal lobes, peritreme and posterior lobe of metapleurite. Peritreme auricular with an elongate, crescent-shaped dorsal supporting process (Fig. 3 C); peritremal surface distinct. Femora fusiform, fore femora with minute tooth-like processes apically on dorsal and ventral side. Fore tibiae club-shaped, middle and hind tibiae rather cylindrical. Tarsal claws evenly curved with slight, blunt spur basally. Unguitractor plate with conspicuous, ovoid parempodia-like pads. Abdomen impunctate, integument covered with fine silvery pubescence, genital segments setose. Female ovipositor elongate, bisecting abdominal sternites V – VII. Measurements. (holotype). Total body length: 5.32; length of head: 0.64, width of head: 1.52; interocellar distance: 0.36; labiomeres: 0.61 – 0.54 – 0.52 – 0.47; length of antennomeres: 0.34 – 0.76 – 0.52 – 0.67; length of pronotum: 1.18, width of pronotum: 1.69; length of scutellum: 0.73; width of scutellum: 0.79; length of claval commissure: 0.52.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591476E69FF20F946FD9631B5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species is readily recognized among other Germalus species of New Guinea by its generally ochraceous colouration with moderate dark pattern (other species are with more extended fuscous, brownish or blackish pattern).	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591476E69FF20F946FD9631B5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Patronym. The species is named after Jenő Kontschán (1975 –), excellent Hungarian acarologist in the honour of his efforts to accelerate the taxonomic research activities in Hungary.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591476E69FF20F946FD9631B5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The single known specimen was collected in Pronggoli district, Papua, Indonesia (fig. 4), habitat: Central Range montane rain forest.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591446E68FF20F8D6FC1C31CD.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 D, 3 D, 4) Holotype: ♀ (RBINS): “ Canopy mission Papua / New Guinea (Madang / prov.): Baiteta / 24. V. 1995 FogAR 7 / Leg. Oliver Missa ”. Paratype: ♀ (RBINS): “ Canopy mission Papua / New Guinea (Madang / prov.): Baiteta / 24. V. 1995 FogAR 7 / Leg. Oliver Missa ”. Description. Colouration. Body ochraceous with fuscous pattern as follows. Head. Vertex and posterior part of eye stalks with extended fuscous spots. Apex of antennomere IV infuscate. Thorax. Pronotum with extended fuscous transverse band across callosities and fuscous punctuation. Scutellum with irregular fuscous spot anteriad to median trifurcate carina and fuscous punctuation. Hemelytra hyaline ochraceous with concolorous punctuation. Propleurites with extended irregular fuscous spot between lateral margin and coxae, mesopleurites with irregular fuscous spots basally. Punctuation of thoracic pleurites and sternites fuscous. Legs uniformly ochraceous. Abdomen. Segments uniformly ochraceous, occasionally with infuscate spots on tergites and lateral part of sternites. Structure. Head pentagonal, integument of vertex dull, impunctate. Eyes slightly stylate, eyestalks touching anterior edges of pronotum, integument of eyestalks shiny. Ocular sulcus complete, distinct; ocelli situated near ocular sulcus, at basal part of vertex. Clypeus rounded, exceeding mandibular plates, medially constricted. Antenniferous tubercles well-developed, apex visible in dorsal view. Antennomeres covered with sparse, decumbent pubescence. Antennomere I shortest, II longest, III and IV subequal. Ratio of antennomeres I – IV: 1: 2.67: 2.17: 2.58. Mandibular and maxillar plates clearly separated; ventral margin of bucculae forming a U-shaped labial trough. Labiomere I exceeding the anterior margin of prosternite, labiomere II and III subequal, somewhat shorter than labiomere I; labiomere IV shortest with apex reaching metacoxae. Ratio of labiomeres I – IV.: 1: 0.74: 0.79: 0.62. Thorax. Pronotum trapeziform with lateral margin finely carinate, slightly constricted medially. Integument with fine, dense punctuation except collar-like spot at anterior margin, callosities, humeral angles and posterior margin. Scutellum subequilateral triangular; scutellum ratio: 1: 1.13; integument punctate except the elevated, trifurcate median carina. Trifurcate carina basally flared. Clavus of hemelytron well-developed, margins subparallel; claval commissure developed with a line of punctures at full length. Scutellar margin with 2 – 3 punctures basally, corial margin punctate at basal third. Corium punctate along venation at almost full length. Exocorium widening towards apex. Membrane well developed, surpassing apex of abdomen, without conspicuous venation. Thoracic pleurites and sternites densely punctate except collar of prosternite, supracoxal lobes, peritreme and posterior lobe of metapleurite. Peritreme auricular with dorsal supporting process relatively short and slightly curved, peritremal surface distinct. Femora fusiform, fore femora with minute tooth-like processes apically on dorsal and ventral side. Fore tibiae club-shaped, middle and hind tibiae rather cylindrical. Tarsal claws evenly curved without basal spur. Unguitractor plate with conspicuous, ovoid parempodia-like pads. Abdomen impunctate, integument covered with fine silvery pubescence, genital segments setose. Female ovipositor elongate, bisecting abdominal sternites V – VII. Measurements (holotype). Total body length: 4.46; head length: 0.57; head width: 1.34; distance between ocelli: 0.43; antennomeres I – IV: 0.24 – 0.64 – 0.52 – 0.62; labiomeres I – IV: 0.61 – 0.45 – 0.48 – 0.38; length of pronotum: 1.01; width of pronotum: 1.35; length of scutellum: 0.53; width of scutellum: 0.60; length of claval commissure: 0.37.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591446E68FF20F8D6FC1C31CD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species resembles G. fuscovittatus in general appearance. However, in G. cucullatus fuscous colouration of dorsum is restricted to the vertex and anterior part of pronotum (in G. fuscovittatus dorsum of head, thorax and abdomen with broad longitudinal fuscous band), furthermore, supportive process of peritreme is slightly curved (in G. fuscovittatus supportive process is recurving).	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591446E68FF20F8D6FC1C31CD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Species epithet “ cucullatus ” (Latin) means “ hooded ” and refers to the appearance of the vertex and anterior half of pronotum.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591446E68FF20F8D6FC1C31CD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Holotype and paratype were collected near Baiteta, Madang province, New Guinea (fig. 4), habitat: Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591456E67FF20F90EFD3131B5.taxon	description	(Fig 1 E, 3 E, 4.) Holotype: ♀ (SDEI): “ NEW GUINEA centr. / BALIEM TAL- 1700 m / MARCH 1992 / leg. Jiří KOLIBAČ ”. Description. Colouration. Body generally ochraceous with extended blackish decoration as follows. Head. Vertex with blackish spot extending from base of head to apex of clypeus. Eye stalks with irregular blackish markings posteriad. Antenniferous tubercle with irregular blackish spot dorsally. Antennomere I with an irregular elongate blackish spot laterally, antennomere II and III ochraceous, antennomere IV missing. Labiomere I with darkly infuscate spot basally, labiomere II dark ochraceous, labiomere III infuscate, apex of labiomere IV dark brownish. Thorax. Pronotum with anterior and lateral margins finely dark brownish or blackish, a blackish transversal band across pronotal callosities, dark brownish rounded spots at humeral angles and irregular dark brownish spots near and at posterior margin. Scutellum almost entirely black with median trifurcate carina and margins apically ochraceous. Clavus of hemelytron with dark brownish punctuation; corial margin and claval commissure narrowly dark brownish. Corium semi-hyaline with punctuation along veins dark brownish; punctures along Cu and adjoining part of margin of corium narrowly dark brownish. Thoracic pleurites and sternites black except ochraceous dorsal margins of pleurites, posterior margins of meso- and metapleurite, collar-like anterior margin of prosternite, supracoxal lobes and peritreme. Femora with sparse brownish maculae, tarsomeres infuscate. Abdomen. Abdominal dorsum entirely black. Abdominal sternites with a broad blackish band laterally, narrowing towards apex of abdomen; posterior edge of sternites VI – VII with dark brownish spots dorsally. Structure. Head pentagonal, integument of vertex dull, impunctate. Eyes moderately stylate, eye stalks slightly projected, shiny. Ocular sulcus complete, distinct; ocelli situated near ocular sulcus, at basal part of vertex. Clypeus rounded, exceeding mandibular plates, medially constricted. Antenniferous tubercles well-developed, visible in dorsal view. Antennomeres covered with sparse, decumbent pubescence. Antennomere I shortest, antennomere II longest, antennomere IV missing. Ratio of antennomeres I – IV: 1: 2.74: 1.90: -. Mandibular and maxillary plates clearly separated; ventral margin of bucculae forming a U-shaped labial trough, labial trough almost reaching base of head. Labiomere I exceeding the anterior margin of prosternite, labiomere I – III subequal, labiomere IV shortest with apex reaching metacoxae. Ratio of labiomeres I – IV.: 1: 1.07: 1.19: 0.69. Thorax. Pronotum trapeziform with lateral margin finely carinate, slightly constricted medially; pronotum ratio: 1: 1.69. Integument with coarse, irregular punctuation except callosities, humeral angles and posterior margin. Scutellum subequilateral triangular; scutellum ratio: 1: 1.13; integument coarsely punctate except the elevated, trifurcate median carina. Clavus of hemelytron well developed, margins subparallel; claval commissure developed with a line of punctures at full length. Scutellar margin with 2 – 3 punctures basally, corial margin punctate at almost entire length. Corium punctate along Cu at apical half and at almost full length of M-R. Exocorium widening towards apex. Membrane well developed, surpassing apex of abdomen, without conspicuous venation. Thoracic pleurites and sternites densely punctate except collar of prosternite, supracoxal lobes, peritreme and posterior lobe of metapleurite. Peritreme auricular with dorsal supporting process elongate, almost straight (Fig. 3 E), peritremal surface distinct. Fore tibiae club-shaped, middle and hind tibiae rather cylindrical. Tarsal claws evenly curved without basal spur. Unguitractor plate with conspicuous, elongate, curved parempodia-like pads. Abdomen impunctate, integument covered with fine silvery pubescence, genital segments setose. Female ovipositor elongate, bisecting abdominal sternites V – VII. Measurements (holotype). Total body length: 5.43; head length: 0.58; head width: 1.60; distance between ocelli: 0.35; antennomeres I – IV: 0.35 – 0.85 – 0.59 – n. a.; labiomeres I – IV: 0.53 – 0.57 – 0.63 – 0.37; length of pronotum: 0.97; width of pronotum: 1.64; length of scutellum: 0.75; width of scutellum: 0.85; length of claval commissure: 0.50.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591456E67FF20F90EFD3131B5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species resembles G. pulchellus sp. nov. but differs from the latter species by the transverse band across pronotal callosities (in G. pulchellus pronotum with longitudinal median band) and peritreme with long, almost straight supporting process (supporting process strongly curved, crescent-shaped in G. pulchellus).	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591456E67FF20F90EFD3131B5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Patronym. The species is named in memory of the late László Papp (1946 – 2021), excellent Hungarian dipterist, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, in honour of his work and influence on Hungarian taxonomic research.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D591456E67FF20F90EFD3131B5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Holotype of the species was collected in Baliem valley, Central range, New Guinea (Fig. 4), habitat: Central Range montane rain forests.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D5914A6E64FF20F8D6FED935A5.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 F, 3 F, 4) Holotype: ♂ (MFNB): “ D. N. Guinea 291 / Hunsteinspitze 6. III. 13 / Kais. Äugustafl. Exp. / Bürgers S. G. // Museum für / Naturkunde Berlin ”. Paratype: female (MFNB): “ D. N. Guinea (number crossed out) / Kais. Äugustafl. Exp. / Bürgers S. G. // Museum für / Naturkunde Berlin ”. Description. Colouration. Head. Vertex with extended blackish decoration reaching middle of clypeus. Eye stalks irregularly black on posterior part continuing in a ring encompassing apex of them. Compound eyes and ocelli reddish. Antennomere I ochraceous with irregular, longitudinal blackish colouration dorsally; antennomere II and III pale fuscous; antennomere IV missing. Labiomere I and II ochraceous, labiomere III and IV fuscous. Thorax. Pronotum brownish anteriad to callosities with small, irregular ochraceous spots. Callosities dark brownish. Pronotum ochraceous posteriad to callosities with dark brownish punctuation and large sublateral drop-shaped dark fuscous spot extending from callosities to humeral angles. Posterior margin of pronotum finely fuscous. Scutellum dark brownish with an irregular ochraceous longitudinal spot extending between middle of trifurcate carina and apex. Clavus of hemelytron dark fuscous with faded spots subapically. Cu of corium with dark brownish punctuation and longitudinal brownish spot apically. Along M and R with dark fuscous punctuation. Costal margin narrowly dark fuscous. Membrane semi-hyaline ochraceous. Thoracic pleurites and sternites dark brownish except ochraceous prosternal collar, dorsal margin of pleurites, supracoxal lobes and dorsal part of peritreme. Legs completely ochraceous. Abdomen with tergites completely blackish. Abdominal sternites blackish with narrow ochraceous band subdorsally in male and completely ochraceous, undecorated in female. Structure. Head with integument of vertex dull, impunctate. Eyes moderately stylate, eye stalks slightly projected; integument of eye stalks shiny. Ocular sulcus complete, distinct; ocelli situated near ocular sulcus, at basal part of vertex. Clypeus rounded, exceeding mandibular plates, medially constricted. Antenniferous tubercles well-developed, visible in dorsal view. Antennomeres covered with sparse, decumbent pubescence. Antennomere I shortest, antennomere II longest, antennomere III shorter than II, antennomere IV missing. Ratio of antennomeres I – IV: 1: 2.43: 1: 97: n. a. Mandibular and maxillary plates clearly separated; ventral margin of bucculae narrowing suddenly towards base of head; bucculae forming a V-shaped labial trough. Labiomere I exceeding the anterior margin of prosternite, labiomere II and III subequal, apex of labiomere IV reaching metacoxae. Ratio of labiomeres I – IV.: 1: 1.18: 1: 22: 1.06. Thorax. Pronotum trapeziform with lateral margin finely carinate, slightly constricted medially; pronotum ratio: 1: 1.37. Integument with deep, rather even punctuation except callosities, humeral angles and posterior margin. Scutellum subequilateral triangular; scutellum ratio: 1: 1.26; integument coarsely punctate except the slightly elevated, trifurcate median carina. Clavus with scutellar, corial margin and claval commissure completely punctate. Corium punctate along Cu at apical half and at almost full length of M-R. Exocorium widening towards apex. Membrane well developed, surpassing apex of abdomen, with slight, but recognizable venation. Thoracic pleurites and sternites densely punctate except supracoxal lobes, peritreme and posterior lobe of metapleurite. Peritreme auricular with dorsal supporting process elongate, slightly curved (Fig. 3 F), peritremal surface distinct. Fore tibiae club-shaped, middle and hind tibiae rather cylindrical. Tarsal claws evenly curved without basal spur. Unguitractor plate with conspicuous, elongate, curved parempodia-like pads. Abdomen impunctate, integument covered with fine silvery pubescence. Abdominal venter of male with long erect setae on sternites III – VII and genital capsule. Female ovipositor elongate, bisecting abdominal sternites V – VII. Measurements (holotype). Total body length: 5.58; length of head: 0.77, width of head: 1.66; distance of ocelli: 0.39; length of antennomeres: 0.30 – 0.73 – 0.59 – n. a.; labiomeres I – IV: 0.49 – 0.58 – 0.60 – 0.52; length of pronotum: 1.29, width of pronotum: 1.77; length of scutellum: 0.78; width of scutellum: 0.98; length of claval commissure: 0.44.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D5914A6E64FF20F8D6FED935A5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Species epithet comes from Latin “ sellatus ”, meaning saddled and refers to the saddle-like pattern of pronotum.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
DC1787D5914A6E64FF20F8D6FED935A5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Holotype was collected on Mount Hunstein, near Central Range, New Guinea (Fig. 4). Label of paratype bears no specific collection site data, though it is suspected to be the same as holotype because both specimens were collected by S. G. Bürgers in course of the same expedition. Habitat: Central Range montane rain forests rain forests.	en	Kóbor, Péter, Kondorosy, Előd (2022): The big-eyed bug genus Germalus Stål, 1862 in New Guinea (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 5182 (3): 265-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.3.4
