taxonID	type	description	language	source
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Zhejiang: Ningpo (= Ningbo), C. W. Everard s. n. (lectotype, designated by Yuan et al. (2018), K 000694061 (the lower specimen!); isolectotype K 000694060!). Remaining syntypes: — CHINA. Zhejiang: without precise locality, R. Fortune 28 (BM 000559555!, K 000959812!, K 000959813!, P 00147391!, P 00147392!, P 00147393!, P 00852558!). Figs. 1, 2.	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Kiang-Sou (= Jiangsu): Gong-Chan, C. d’Argy s. n. (holotype E 00386260!; isotypes DAO 000001581!, GH 00038598!).	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Jiangsu: Jurong, Baohua Shan, 23 May 2004, B. Chen 523001 (holotype N, not seen; isotype PE 01458769!). Fig. 3.	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	description	Description: — Perennial herbs. Roots fibrous, distally thicker, up to 3 mm in diameter. Stem 20 ‒ 60 cm tall, usually basally branched, distally glandular-pubescent, with bulbils borne in leaf axils at late flowering and fruiting stage. Leaves 2 ‒ 3 - ternate; blade triangular, 5 ‒ 15 cm long and broad; leaflets ovate, broadly ovate, obovate, or suborbicular, 0.5 ‒ 4 cm long, 0.6 ‒ 5 cm broad, papery, abaxially glandular-pubescent when tender, both sides glabrous when mature, green on adaxial side, pale green on abaxial side, base rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse, 3 - lobate; lobes crenatedentate; veins slightly submerged adaxially, raised abaxially; petiole slender, 1.5 ‒ 6 cm long; stipule membranous, ovate-orbicular, margin torn. Inflorescence a compound cyme, few-flowered, corymbiform. Pedicels 0.5 ‒ 2 cm long, glandular-pubescent. Flowers bisexual, erect. Sepals 4, elliptic or obovate, caducous, 3 ‒ 4.5 mm long, 2 ‒ 2.5 mm broad, white or tinged with purplish, glabrous or abaxially very sparsely glandular-pubescent. Stamens 40 ‒ 60, 5 ‒ 7 mm long; filaments narrowly clavate, 4 ‒ 6 mm long, whitish or purplish; anthers oblong, 1 ‒ 1.2 mm long, ca. 0.6 mm broad, apex obtuse, whitish. Carpels 3 ‒ 6, sessile, 1.2 ‒ 2 mm long; ovaries fusiform, shallowly ribbed, ca. 1 mm long, subglabrous; styles 0.6 ‒ 1 mm long, slightly recurved at apex; stigmas conspicuous, linear, ca. 0.5 mm long. Achenes sessile, 3.5 ‒ 5 mm long, sparsely glandular-pubescent; body fusiform, profoundly ribbed; styles persistent, recurved at apex.	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology: — Flowering from March to May; fruiting from April to June.	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Thalictrum fortunei is currently known to occur in southern Anhui, eastern Hubei, northern Jiangxi, southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, China (Fig. 9). The previous records of its distribution in Fujian province (Lin & Zhao 1985, Wang 2000) and in Henan province (Anonymous 1981) should have resulted from misidentifications, and thus are doubtful (see below). This species grows in forests, along streams, on damp rocks in ravines or on slopes at elevations of 10 ‒ 600 m above sea level.	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined: — CHINA. Anhui: Huaining, Anonymous 3060 (NAS, barcode unavailable); Nanling, L. H. Li 340223120422008 (PE 01981467), L. H. Li 340223120422098 (PE 01981468); Shitai, M. P. Teng et al. 116 (NAS 00187677, P 00147360); Tongling, Z. H. Zhang s. n. (PE 00471333); Wuhu, J. L. Bullock s. n. (BM, barcode unavailable); Xuancheng, F. Courtois 25026 (NAS 00187678). Hubei: Yangxin, M. H. Ma 507 (PE 00471342). Jiangsu: Jurong, B. Chen 044135 (PE 01900654), B. Chen 045245 (PE 01900655), B. Chen 403008 (PE 01458770), S. Chen & M. P. Teng 139 (NAS 00110622), S. Chen & M. P. Teng 178 (NAS 00110623), J. J. Gong 560 (NAS 00110624), K. C. Kuan 150 (PE 00470855, PE 00471337), M. P. Teng 2919 (NAS 00110626), C. L. Tso 139 (IBSC 0090698, NAS 00110618, NAS 00110630, PE 00471338), Z. Y. Wang & B. C. Wu SCSB-JS 0078 (KUN 0579864, KUN 1232993); Precise locality unknown, R. H. Shan 201 (NAS 00110628); Suzhou, H. T. Chang 475 (PE 00471339), C. C. Chen 935 (NAS 00110617, NAS 00110627), P. P. Ling & S. S. Sun 68 (IBSC 0090287, KUN 0690810, NAS 00110619, NAS 00110629, PE 00471334, SZ 00092188), C. T. Ting & Y. C. Wang 219 (NAS 00110609, NAS 00110633); Wuxi, W. X. Wu 5041 (NAS 00110608); Yixing, Anonymous 8 (NAS 00110615), Anonymous 6856 (NAS 00110621), Anonymous 20169 (NAS 00110625), C. Y. Luh 506 (NAS 00110620, NAS 00110631), W. X. Wu 8557 (NAS 00110604). Jiangxi: Jiujiang, C. M. Tan 11130 A (JJF 00012911); Lushan, K. K. Tsoong 4289 (PE 00470857), K. K. Tsoong 4290 (PE 00470856, PE 00470858, PEY 0003108), M. K. Wang 146 (LBG 00013428, SZ 00092187); Xiushui, M. K. Wang 236 (IBSC 0090288). Zhejiang: Daishan, Anonymous 465 (ZM NH 0006317), X. Y. Ye CTD 201305031 (CSH 0032037), X. Y. Ye DSD 13014 (CSH 0033892); Jiande, Anonymous 4277 (ZM NH 0006324), L. Hong s. n. (HHBG HZ 008565); Jinhua, V. King 40 (NAS 00187657, PE 00470579); Ningbo, E. Faber 1550 (K, barcode unavailable), W. Hancock 24 (K, barcode unavailable), Y. Y. Ho 849 (NAS 00187146, NAS 00187147), K. K. Tsoong s. n. (PE 00470572), K. K. Tsoong 942 (PE 00470574); Pan’an, F. G. Zhang DPS- 841 (ZM NH 0006322); Xianju, R. C. Ching 1673 (BM, barcode unavailable, E, barcode unavailable, K, barcode unavailable, P 00147359); Xinchang, X. Y. Ye XC 201304077 (CSH 0032140); Zhoushan, Y. K. Bi et al. BYK 3868 (CSH 0034447); Zhuji, S. Chen 66 (NAS 00187145, NAS 00187148). Without locality, Anonymous 239 (PE 00470859), Anonymous 1079 (PE 00471122, PE 00471123).	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
5F459A10FF81E1660786FF4FFEB7F82B.taxon	discussion	Notes: — Our molecular systematic studies based on nrDNA ETS and ITS and cpDNA trn V- ndh C sequence data of 115 species, with 84 from China (Zeng 2022), indicate that Thalictrum fortunei is most closely related to T. ramosum Boivin (1945: 115), a species widely distributed in China (Chongqing, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan). Morphologically these two species are somewhat similar in habit and share an array of other characters, including caducous sepals, narrowly clavate filaments, apically recurved styles and sessile, fusiform achenes. Because of their superficial morphological similarity and somewhat overlapping geographical distribution, Thalictrum fortunei has been sometimes confused with T. fargesii. Some specimens of the latter species from Anhui, Henan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces were misidentified as T. fortunei (Fig. 10). As shown in Figures 5 ‒ 7, 11, 12, T. fortunei is similar to T. fargesii in having 2 ‒ 3 - ternate leaves, usually broadly ovate leaflets, few-flowered inflorescence, clavate filaments of stamens, and fusiform achenes, but differs by the presence (vs. absence) of bulbils in leaf axils at late flowering and fruiting stage, caducous (vs. more or less persistent) sepals (Figs. 5 L, 6 K, 7 I, 11 F, 12 G), more numerous (40 ‒ 60 vs. 15 ‒ 30) stamens (Figs. 5 L, 6 K, 7 I, 11 F, 12 G), and apically slightly recurved (vs. straight) styles (Figs. 5 O, 6 N, 7 K, 11 G, 12 J) (also see Table 1). Thalictrum fortunei has been recorded to occur in southern Anhui, southern Fujian, southern Henan, eastern Hubei, southern Jiangsu, northern Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces, China (Anonymous 1972, 1976, 1981, 1982, Wang & Wang 1979, Lin & Zhao 1985, Wang 1987, 2000, 2004, 2018, Lin 1992, Fu 2001, Fu & Zhu 2001, Deng & Ye 2013, Wang & Liu 2016, Xie 2016, Yuan et al. 2018, Zhang 2021), and T. fargesii has been recorded to occur in Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi and Sichuan (Anonymous 1976, 1981, 2014, Wang & Wang 1974, 1979, Wang 1980, 2018, Li 1986, Xie 2016), but actually the former occurs in southern Anhui, eastern Hubei, southern Jiangsu, northern Jiangxi and Zhejiang, very likely not in Fujian and Henan, whereas the latter occurs in Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Zhejiang. We have not as yet seen any specimens of T. fortunei from Fujian and Henan. Some specimens from Anhui, Jiangxi and Zhejiang have been correctly identified as T. fargesii or T. pallidum Franchet (1885: 187) (a synonym of T. fargesii) (Fig. 13). Li et al. (2016) correctly cited some specimens from Jiangxi and Zhejiang under T. fargesii. Thalictrum argyi had long been reduced to the synonymy of T. javanicum Blume (1825: 2) until it was placed in synonymy with T. fortunei by Yuan et al. (2018). We have checked the type material of T. argyi and here we accept that decision. Judging from the fact that T. argyi was described on the basis of material from Jiangsu, the treatment by Yuan et al. (2018) is also more justifiable. According to Zeng et al. (2021), T. javanicum is distributed only in Indonesia (Java), not in China.	en	Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong, Yang, Qin-Er (2022): Clarification of morphology and distribution of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae) from China, with reduction of T. fortunei var. bulbiliferum to its synonymy. Phytotaxa 561 (2): 121-137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.1
