taxonID	type	description	language	source
67E690268C765B8684F8C5E877CDE39C.taxon	description	[English name: Hardenberg's Anchovy] Figs 2, 3	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
67E690268C765B8684F8C5E877CDE39C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A species of Stolephorus with the following combination of characters: 1 UGR 16 - 19 (modally 18), 1 LGR 23 - 27 (25), 1 TGR 40 - 45 (44); 2 UGR 11 - 15 (13), 2 LGR 21 - 25 (23), 2 TGR 33 - 39 (36); 3 UGR 10 - 12 (11), 3 LGR 13 - 15 (13), 3 TGR 23 - 27 (24); 4 UGR 7 - 9 (8), 4 LGR 10 - 12 (11), 4 TGR 17 - 21 (19); prepelvic scutes 5 - 7 (6); total vertebrae 40 or 41 (40); long maxilla, posterior tip just reaching or slightly short of posterior margin of opercle; predorsal scutes present; pelvic scute without spine; body scales deciduous; posterior border of pre-opercle concave, indented; paired dark patch on parietal area with little following pigmentation; distinct double pigment lines along dorsum posterior to dorsal fin; black spots below eye and on lower-jaw tip absent; anal-fin base long, 19.0 - 21.3 % (20.2 %) of SL; maximum orbit diameter 7.3 - 8.6 % (8.1 %) of SL; third dorsal-fin ray long, 18.5 - 19.9 % (19.0 %) of SL; pelvic fin rather long, 9.4 - 11.0 % (10.2 %) of SL, its posterior tip not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin when depressed in specimens> 50 mm SL; distance between posterior ends of supramaxilla and maxilla 5.3 - 6.6 % (5.8 %) of SL.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
67E690268C765B8684F8C5E877CDE39C.taxon	description	Description. Data for neotype presented first, followed by data for non-type specimens in parentheses (if different). Counts and measurements, expressed as percentages of SL or HL, given in Tables 2 and 3. Body laterally compressed, elongate, deepest at dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head and body slightly convex from snout tip to dorsal-fin origin, gently lowering to uppermost point of caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of head and body slightly convex from lower jaw tip to pelvic-fin insertion, thereafter, slowly rising to lowermost point of caudal-fin base. Single spine-like scute just anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen somewhat rounded, covered with seven (four to seven) spine-like prepelvic scutes. Pelvic scute without spine. Postpelvic scutes absent. Anus just anterior to anal-fin origin. Snout tip rounded; snout length less than eye diameter. Mouth large, inferior, ventral to body axis, extending backwards beyond posterior margin of eye. Maxilla long, its posterior tip pointed, just reaching (or slightly short of) opercle posterior margin. Lower jaw slender. Single row of conical teeth on both jaws and palatine. Patch of fine conical teeth on pterygoid. Several distinct conical teeth on vomer. Several rows of conical teeth on upper edges of basihyal and basibranchial. Eye large, round, covered with adipose eyelid, positioned laterally on head dorsal to horizontal through pectoral-fin insertion, visible in dorsal view. Pupil round. Orbit elliptical. Nostrils close to each other, anterior to orbit. Posterior margin of pre-opercle concave, indented. Subopercle and opercle with smoothly rounded posterior margins. Gill membrane without serrations. Interorbital space flat, width less than eye diameter. Pseudobranchial filaments present, length of longest filament less than eye diameter. Gill rakers long, slender, rough, visible from side of head when mouth opened. Single row of asperities on anterior surface of gill rakers. Isthmus muscle long, reaching anteriorly to posterior margin of gill membranes. Urohyal hidden by isthmus muscle, not visible without dissection. Gill membrane on each side joined distally, most of isthmus muscle exposed, not covered by gill membrane. Scales on lateral surface of body thin, cycloid, deciduous, those on lateral body surface with several centrally continuous vertical grooves and several longitudinal striae anteriorly (Fig. 3). Head scales absent. Fins scaleless, except for broad triangular sheath of scales on caudal fin. Dorsal-fin origin posterior to vertical through base of last pelvic-fin ray, slightly posterior to middle of body. Dorsal and anal fins with three anteriormost rays unbranched. First dorsal- and anal-fin rays minute. Anteriormost three rays of both dorsal and anal fins closely spaced. Anal-fin origin just below base of tenth (ninth to eleventh) dorsal-fin ray. Posterior tip of depressed anal fin not reaching caudal-fin base. Uppermost pectoral-fin ray unbranched, inserted below body axis. Posterior tip of pectoral fin not reaching to pelvic fin insertion. Dorsal, ventral and posterior margins of pectoral fin nearly linear. Pelvic fin shorter than pectoral fin, insertion anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Posterior tip of depressed pelvic fin not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Caudal fin forked, posterior tips pointed.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
67E690268C765B8684F8C5E877CDE39C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Stolephorus bengalensis is distributed in the northern Indian Ocean from Pakistan to the Bay of Bengal (Fig. 4). It is abundantly landed and marketed along the coast of the Bay of Bengal.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
89C301AA78C9595EA68CB5229FDCD7A8.taxon	description	[New English name: Demon Anchovy] Figs 1 C, 6	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
89C301AA78C9595EA68CB5229FDCD7A8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A species of Stolephorus with the following combination of characters: 1 UGR 14 - 16 (modally 16), 1 LGR 20 - 23 (22), 1 TGR 35 - 38 (38); 2 UGR 10 or 11 (11), 2 LGR 19 or 20 (20), 2 TGR 30 or 31 (31); 3 UGR 8 or 9 (9), 3 LGR 11 or 12 (12), 3 TGR 20 or 21 (21); 4 UGR 6 or 7 (7), 4 LGR 9 or 10 (9), 4 TGR 15 - 17 (17); prepelvic scutes 5 - 7 (6); total vertebrae 39; long maxilla, posterior tip just reaching or slightly short of posterior margin of opercle; predorsal scute present; pelvic scute without spine; body scales deciduous; posterior border of pre-opercle concave, indented; paired dark patch on parietal area with little following pigmentation; distinct double pigment lines along dorsum posterior to dorsal fin; black spots below eye and on lower-jaw tip absent; anal-fin base long, 19.8 - 22.3 % (mean 20.7 %) of SL; maximum orbit diameter 8.1 - 8.7 % (8.3 %) of SL; third dorsal-fin ray short, 17.0 - 18.5 % (18.0 %) of SL; pelvic fin rather long, 9.6 - 11.3 % (10.0 %) of SL, its posterior tip not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin when depressed in specimens> 40 mm SL; distance between posterior ends of supramaxilla and maxilla 5.7 - 6.4 % (6.1 %) of SL.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
89C301AA78C9595EA68CB5229FDCD7A8.taxon	description	Description. Data for holotype presented first, followed by data for paratypes in parentheses (if different). Counts and measurements, expressed as percentages of SL or HL, given in Tables 5 and 6. Body laterally compressed, elongate, deepest at dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head and body slightly convex from snout tip to dorsal-fin origin, gently lowering to uppermost point of caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of head and body slightly convex from lower jaw tip to pelvic-fin insertion, thereafter, slowly rising to lowermost point of caudal-fin base. Single spine-like scute just anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen somewhat rounded. Scutes on ventrum broken in holotype (five to seven spine-like prepelvic scutes on ventrum in paratypes). Pelvic scute without spine. Postpelvic scutes absent. Anus just anterior to anal-fin origin. Snout tip rounded; snout length less than eye diameter. Mouth large, inferior, ventral to body axis, extending backwards beyond posterior margin of eye. Maxilla long, its posterior tip broken in holotype (posterior pointed, just reaching or slightly short of opercle posterior margin in paratypes). Lower jaw slender. Single row of conical teeth on both jaws and palatine. Patch of fine conical teeth on pterygoid. Several distinct conical teeth on vomer. Several rows of conical teeth on upper edges of basihyal and basibranchial. Eye large, round, covered with adipose eyelid, positioned laterally on head dorsal to horizontal through pectoral-fin insertion, visible in dorsal view. Pupil round. Orbit elliptical. Nostrils close to each other, anterior to orbit. Posterior margin of pre-opercle concave, indented. Subopercle and opercle with smoothly rounded posterior margins. Gill membrane without serrations. Interorbital space flat, width less than eye diameter. Pseudobranchial filaments present, length of longest filament less than eye diameter. Gill rakers long, slender, rough, visible from side of head when mouth opened. Single row of asperities on anterior surface of gill rakers. Isthmus muscle long, reaching anteriorly to posterior margin of gill membranes. Urohyal hidden by isthmus muscle, not visible without dissection. Gill membrane on each side joined distally, most of isthmus muscle exposed, not covered by gill membrane. Body scales deciduous, completely lacking on specimens, except for prepelvic scutes. Head scales absent. Fins scaleless, except for broad triangular sheath of scales on caudal fin. Dorsal-fin origin posterior to vertical through base of last pelvic-fin ray, slightly posterior to middle of body. Dorsal and anal fins with three anteriormost rays unbranched. First dorsal- and anal-fin rays minute. Anteriormost three rays of both dorsal and anal fins closely spaced. Anal-fin origin just below base of eighth (eighth to eleventh) dorsal-fin ray. Posterior tip of depressed anal fin not reaching caudal-fin base. Uppermost pectoral-fin ray unbranched, inserted below body axis. Posterior tip of pectoral fin not reaching to pelvic fin insertion. Dorsal, ventral and posterior margins of pectoral fin nearly linear. Pelvic fin shorter than pectoral fin, insertion anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Posterior tip of depressed pelvic fin not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin (reaching to vertical through first to sixth dorsal-fin ray origin in some paratypes smaller than 40 mm SL). Caudal fin forked, posterior tips pointed.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
89C301AA78C9595EA68CB5229FDCD7A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Stolephorus diabolus sp. nov. is currently known only from the western coast of the Peninsular Malaysia (Merbok River Estuary and Penang) and Singapore (Fig. 4).	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
89C301AA78C9595EA68CB5229FDCD7A8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name " diabolus " is derived from Latin meaning " demon ", in reference to the hard spine on the dorsum of the species.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
B61FE9B1A48559B99DA13C8F757769B6.taxon	description	[New English name: Eclipse Anchovy] Fig. 9	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
B61FE9B1A48559B99DA13C8F757769B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A species of Stolephorus with the following combination of characters: 1 UGR 19 - 21 (modally 20), 1 LGR 26 - 30 (28), 1 TGR 47 - 51 (47); 2 UGR 13 - 16 (14), 2 LGR 24 - 27 (25), 2 TGR 37 - 42 (39); 3 UGR 10 - 13 (12), 3 LGR 14 - 16 (15), 3 TGR 25 - 28 (27); 4 UGR 8 - 11 (9), 4 LGR 11 - 13 (12), 4 TGR 19 - 24 (21); prepelvic scutes 5 - 7 (6); total vertebrae 38 - 39 (39); long maxilla, posterior tip just reaching or slightly short of posterior margin of opercle; predorsal scute present; pelvic scute without spine; body scales deciduous; posterior border of pre-opercle concave, indented; paired dark patch on parietal area with little following pigmentation; distinct double pigment lines along dorsum posterior to dorsal fin; black spots below eye and on lower-jaw tip absent; anal-fin base short, 17.6 - 19.3 % (mean 18.6 %) of SL; third dorsal-fin ray 16.5 - 18.8 % (17.6 %) of SL; pelvic fin short, 8.7 - 9.9 % (9.4 %) of SL, its posterior tip usually not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin when depressed; distance between posterior ends of supramaxilla and maxilla 4.7 - 5.4 % (5.1 %) of SL; pre-dorsal-fin length 51.3 - 54.9 % (53.4 %) of SL; dorsal-fin base short, 13.1 - 14.5 % (13.8 %) of SL.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
B61FE9B1A48559B99DA13C8F757769B6.taxon	description	Description. Data for holotype presented first, followed by data for paratypes in parentheses (if different). Counts and measurements, expressed as percentages of SL or HL, given in Tables 5 and 6. Body laterally compressed, elongate, deepest at dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head and body slightly convex from snout tip to dorsal-fin origin, gently lowering to uppermost point of caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of head and body slightly convex from lower jaw tip to pelvic-fin insertion, thereafter, slowly rising to lowermost point of caudal-fin base. Single spine-like scute just anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen somewhat rounded, covered with six (five to seven) spine-like prepelvic scutes. Pelvic scute without spine. Postpelvic scutes absent. Anus just anterior to anal-fin origin. Snout tip rounded; snout length less than eye diameter. Mouth large, inferior, ventral to body axis, extending backwards beyond posterior margin of eye. Maxilla long, its posterior tip pointed, just reaching (or slightly short of) opercle posterior margin. Lower jaw slender. Single row of conical teeth on both jaws and palatine. Patch of fine conical teeth on pterygoid. Several distinct conical teeth on vomer. Several rows of conical teeth on upper edges of basihyal and basibranchial. Eye large, round, covered with adipose eyelid, positioned laterally on head dorsal to horizontal through pectoral-fin insertion, visible in dorsal view. Pupil round. Orbit elliptical. Nostrils close to each other, anterior to orbit. Posterior margin of pre-opercle concave, indented. Subopercle and opercle with smoothly rounded posterior margins. Gill membrane without serrations. Interorbital space flat, width less than eye diameter. Pseudobranchial filaments present, length of longest filament less than eye diameter. Gill rakers long, slender, rough, visible from side of head when mouth opened. Single row of asperities on anterior surface of gill rakers. Isthmus muscle long, reaching anteriorly to posterior margin of gill membranes. Urohyal hidden by isthmus muscle, not visible without dissection. Gill membrane on each side joined distally, most of isthmus muscle exposed, not covered by gill membrane. Body scales deciduous, completely lacking on specimens, except for prepelvic scutes. Head scales absent. Fins scaleless, except for broad triangular sheath of scales on caudal fin. Dorsal-fin origin posterior to vertical through base of last pelvic-fin ray, slightly posterior to middle of body. Dorsal and anal fins with three anteriormost rays unbranched. First dorsal- and anal-fin rays minute. Anteriormost three rays of both dorsal and anal fins closely-spaced. Anal-fin origin just below base of eighth (eighth to eleventh) dorsal-fin ray. Posterior tip of depressed anal fin not reaching caudal-fin base. Uppermost pectoral-fin ray unbranched, inserted below body axis. Posterior tip of pectoral fin not reaching to pelvic fin insertion. Dorsal, ventral and posterior margins of pectoral fin nearly linear. Pelvic fin shorter than pectoral fin, insertion anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Posterior tip of depressed pelvic fin not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin (reaching to vertical through first to third dorsal-fin ray origin in some paratypes). Caudal fin forked, posterior tips pointed.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
B61FE9B1A48559B99DA13C8F757769B6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Stolephorus eclipsis sp. nov. is currently known only from Bintan Island, Riau Archipelago, Indonesia (Fig. 4).	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
B61FE9B1A48559B99DA13C8F757769B6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name " eclipsis " refers to eclipse, reminiscent of the concave pre-opercle of the new species.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
8FC6B0AE0FE25383B73FDA924E194586.taxon	description	[New English name: El Dorado Anchovy] Figs 1 A, B, D, E, F, 11	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
8FC6B0AE0FE25383B73FDA924E194586.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A species of Stolephorus with the following combination of characters: 1 UGR 16 - 21 (modally 18), 1 LGR 23 - 28 (25), 1 TGR 40 - 47 (42); 2 UGR 10 - 14 (13), 2 LGR 20 - 24 (23), 2 TGR 33 - 38 (rarely 30) (modally 36); 3 UGR 8 - 12 (modally 10), 3 LGR 12 - 14 (13), 3 TGR 20 - 26 (23); 4 UGR 7 - 10 (8), 4 LGR 9 - 12 (11), 4 TGR 16 - 22 (18); prepelvic scutes 5 - 7 (6); total vertebrae 38 - 40 (39); long maxilla, posterior tip just reaching or slightly short of posterior margin of opercle; predorsal scutes present; pelvic scute without spine; body scales deciduous; posterior border of pre-opercle concave, indented; paired dark patch on parietal area with little following pigmentation; distinct double pigment lines along dorsum posterior to dorsal fin; black spots below eye and on lower-jaw tip absent; anal-fin base long, 19.0 - 22.3 % (20.4 %) of SL; orbit rather long, 8.2 - 9.9 % (8.9 %) of SL; third dorsal-fin ray short, 15.9 - 18.6 % (17.4 %) of SL; pelvic fin rather long, 9.1 - 11.0 % (10.0 %) of SL, its posterior tip usually not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin when depressed in individuals> 50 mm SL; distance between posterior ends of supramaxilla and maxilla 5.0 - 6.3 % (5.6 %) of SL.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
8FC6B0AE0FE25383B73FDA924E194586.taxon	description	Description. Data for holotype presented first, followed by data for paratypes in parentheses (if different). Counts and measurements, expressed as percentages of SL or HL, given in Tables 2 and 3. Body laterally compressed, elongate, deepest at dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head and body slightly convex from snout tip to dorsal-fin origin, gently lowering to uppermost point of caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of head and body slightly convex from lower jaw tip to pelvic-fin insertion, thereafter, slowly rising to lowermost point of caudal-fin base. Single spine-like scute just anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen somewhat rounded, covered with six (five to seven) spine-like prepelvic scutes. Pelvic scute without spine. Postpelvic scutes absent. Anus just anterior to anal-fin origin. Snout tip rounded; snout length less than eye diameter. Mouth large, inferior, ventral to body axis, extending backwards beyond posterior margin of eye. Maxilla long, its posterior tip pointed, just reaching (or slightly short of) opercle posterior margin. Lower jaw slender. Single row of conical teeth on both jaws and palatine. Patch of fine conical teeth on pterygoid. Several distinct conical teeth on vomer. Several rows of conical teeth on upper edges of basihyal and basibranchial. Eye large, round, covered with adipose eyelid, positioned laterally on head dorsal to horizontal through pectoral-fin insertion, visible in dorsal view. Pupil round. Orbit elliptical. Nostrils close to each other, anterior to orbit. Posterior margin of pre-opercle concave, indented. Subopercle and opercle with smoothly rounded posterior margins. Gill membrane without serrations. Interorbital space flat, width less than eye diameter. Pseudobranchial filaments present, length of longest filament less than eye diameter. Gill rakers long, slender, rough, visible from side of head when mouth opened. Single row of asperities on anterior surface of gill rakers. Isthmus muscle long, reaching anteriorly to posterior margin of gill membranes. Urohyal hidden by isthmus muscle, not visible without dissection. Gill membrane on each side joined distally, most of isthmus muscle exposed, not covered by gill membrane. Body scales deciduous, completely lacking on all specimens, except for prepelvic scutes. Head scales absent. Fins scaleless, except for broad triangular sheath of scales on caudal fin. Dorsal-fin origin posterior to vertical through base of last pelvic-fin ray, slightly posterior to middle of body. Dorsal and anal fins with three anteriormost rays unbranched. First dorsal- and anal-fin rays minute. Anteriormost three rays of both dorsal and anal fins closely spaced. Anal-fin origin just below base of ninth (eighth to tenth) dorsal-fin ray. Posterior tip of depressed anal fin not reaching caudal-fin base. Uppermost pectoral-fin ray unbranched, inserted below body axis. Posterior tip of pectoral fin not reaching to pelvic fin insertion. Dorsal, ventral and posterior margins of pectoral fin nearly linear. Pelvic fin shorter than pectoral fin, insertion anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Posterior tip of depressed pelvic fin not reaching to vertical through dorsal-fin origin (reaching to vertical through first to fourth dorsal-fin ray origin in some paratypes smaller than 50 mm SL). Caudal fin forked, posterior tips pointed.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
8FC6B0AE0FE25383B73FDA924E194586.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Stolephorus eldorado sp. nov. is distributed in the western Pacific from Taiwan to Java, Indonesia (Fig. 4). The species is abundantly caught by trawl and marketed fresh in northern Vietnam. It is a set net bycatch in south-western Taiwan.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
8FC6B0AE0FE25383B73FDA924E194586.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name " eldorado ", referring to the mythical city of gold, reflects the bright yellow colouration of the new species.	en	Hata, Harutaka, Lavoue, Sebastien, Motomura, Hiroyuki (2022): Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1121.84171
