identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F787AAFFE4FFCEFF35FBEBC9E1089C.text	03F787AAFFE4FFCEFF35FBEBC9E1089C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodariidae Thorell 1881	<div><p>Key to the subfamilies occurring in Middle Asia</p> <p>1. Large (&gt; 10 mm) with spiny legs and long cheliceral fangs................................................... Lachesaninae (comprising a single genus in the region: Lachesana)</p> <p>- Small (&lt;10 mm), legs spineless, cheliceral fangs short......................... Zodariinae</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F787AAFFE4FFCEFF35FBEBC9E1089C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. (2022): A new genus of Zodariidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tajikistan. Journal of Natural History 56 (25 - 28): 1187-1198, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422
03F787AAFFE4FFCDFF35FAABC9E10D7B.text	03F787AAFFE4FFCDFF35FAABC9E10D7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodariinae Thorell 1881	<div><p>Key to the genera of Zodariinae occurring in Middle Asia</p> <p>1. Six eyes................................................................. Trygetus Simon, 1882 (one species)</p> <p>- Eight eyes.............................................................................................................................. 2</p> <p>2. Cymbium with tutaculum and deep diverticulum, RTA with 1 or 2 transversal outgrowth(s), copulatory ducts screwed and convergings............................................................................................................. Zodariellum (14 species)</p> <p>- Different................................................................................................................................... 3</p> <p>3. RTA with spine-like setae, epigyne with septum and distinct arch-shaped anterior hood.................................................. Spinozodium gen. nov. (two species)</p> <p>- RTA without spine-like setae, epigyne lacking septum....................................... 4</p> <p>4 Male palpal tibia with only RTA, RTA longer than tibia, embolus filamentous, cymbium lacking depression, epigynal fovea wider than long.............................................................................................................................. Parazodarion (one species)</p> <p>- Male palpal tibia with two apophyses, RTA not longer than tibia, cymbium with shallow baso-dorsal depression, embolus not filamentous, epigynal fovea longer than wide................ Acanthinozodium Denis, 1966 (one species)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F787AAFFE4FFCDFF35FAABC9E10D7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. (2022): A new genus of Zodariidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tajikistan. Journal of Natural History 56 (25 - 28): 1187-1198, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422
03F787AAFFE7FFCCFE5AFE4BCE370E32.text	03F787AAFFE7FFCCFE5AFE4BCE370E32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinozodium Zamani & Marusik 2022	<div><p>Genus Spinozodium gen. nov.</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Zodarion denisi Spassky, 1938 from Tajikistan.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>A combination of spino -, referring to the characteristic spine-like setae on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of the male palp, and - zodium, a common ending for zodariid genera; gender neuter.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The males of the new genus differ from those of the other Zodariinae genera occurring in Middle Asia by having spine-like setae on RTA (Figures 3 and 4 (a,c)) (vs lacking). The females of Spinozodium gen. nov. differ from those of the other Zodariinae genera by having a distinct epigynal septum and distinctly sclerotised anterior hood bearing setae that cover the anterior half of fovea (Figures 4 (b,d) and 5(a–d)) (vs lacking both septum and sclerotised anterior hood with setae).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Small: males 2.4–2.6 long, carapace 1.2–1.42 long; females 3.1–3.6 long, carapace 1.5–1.65 long. Carapace either uniformly light brown or with darker cephalic region. Legs and palps uniformly coloured. Abdomen blackish with light median band in posterior 2/3, band either continuous with angled lateral branches or composed of roughly triangular to diamond-shaped spots; lateral sides and venter pale. Leg formula 4132 or 4123.</p> <p>Male palp. Tibia with only RTA; RTA long, about ½ of cymbium length, longer than tibia, anterior half bent ventrally, proximal half with around a dozen spine-like setae, distal half slender, spineless and more heavily sclerotised than proximal half; cymbium 2 times longer than wide, without diverticulum or tutaculum, but with longitudinal fold (Cf) in S. denisi (Figure 3 (f)); cymbial trichobothrium as in Figure 3 (g); bulb oval to almost round; tegular apophysis (Ta) about 1.5 times longer than wide, located in anterior half of bulb, with either very short claw-like or straight process (Tp), and retrolateral lobe (Tr); conductor (Co) small, located at 12 o’clock position; embolus broad, originating from about 6 o’clock position, terminal part with small membranous process (Ep), opening of sperm duct (Os) located on anterior and close to tip of embolus.</p> <p>Epigyne. Plate wider than long, with distinct fovea and septum; fovea ampullate, with distinctly sclerotised anterior hood (Ah); anterior hood bearing row of long, converging setae partly covering anterior half of fovea; stem of septum (Ss) thin, base of septum (Sb) more than 2 times wider than stem; base of septum bent antero-dorsally and barely visible in intact epigyne; receptacles (Re) separated by 4–7 diameters, each consisting of a base and a globular head (Rh).</p> <p>Composition</p> <p>Two species: Spinozodium denisi comb. nov. and S. khatlonicum sp. nov.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Known only from Tajikistan; although the distributions of the two currently known species overlap, they are not known to occur sympatrically (Figure 6).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F787AAFFE7FFCCFE5AFE4BCE370E32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. (2022): A new genus of Zodariidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tajikistan. Journal of Natural History 56 (25 - 28): 1187-1198, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422
03F787AAFFE6FFC6FEF2FD9ECE2D0CE7.text	03F787AAFFE6FFC6FEF2FD9ECE2D0CE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinozodium denisi (Spassky 1938) Zamani & Marusik 2022	<div><p>Spinozodium denisi (Spassky, 1938), comb. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1a–b, 2a–c, 3d–g, 4a–b, 5a–b)</p> <p>Zodarion denisi Spassky, 1938: 580, figure 5 (♂).</p> <p>Zodarium [sic!] denisi: Spassky 1952: 193. – Andreeva and Tystshenko 1968: 688, figure 6 (♂).</p> <p>Zodarion denisi: Andreeva 1976: 37, figure 44 (♂). – Marusik and Koponen 2001: 46, figures 28– 31 (♂).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>TAJIKISTAN: Dushanbe: 2♂ (MMUE), env. of Dushanbe, Hissar Mt. ridge, 20 km of Varzob Hway, Gusgarf Vil., exposed northern slopes with Acer litter and cliffs, 8 May 2015 (Yu. M. Marusik); 4♂ 4♀ (ZMMU), env. of Dushanbe, Hissar Mt. ridge, 48 km of Varzob Hway, Gusgarf Vill., 38.555, 68.482, 1530 m, exposed southern slopes with Juglans litter and under stones, 7 May 2015 (Yu. M. Marusik, M. Saidov); 3♂ 1♀ (MMUE), env. of Dushanbe, Varzob valley, surroundings of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.482&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.399" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.482/lat 38.399)">Varzob Lake</a>, 38.399, 68.482, 1043 m, pine litter, 3 May 2015 (Yu. M. Marusik); 1♂ (SMNH), Hissar Mt. Range, Ramit Res., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.304&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.304/lat 38.756)">Darai Holmon (Kholmon) creek</a> gorge, 38.756, 69.304, 1370 m, 2 May 2015 (S.L. Zonstein); Khatlon Region: 2♂ (ZMMU), env. of Khovaling, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.9699&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.349" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.9699/lat 38.349)">Obimazar River</a>, 38.3490, 69.9699, 1413 m, gravelly river shores with some bushes, 27 April 2015 (Yu. M. Marusik); 7♂ 1♀ (ZMMU), Khovaling Dist., opposite to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=70.0642&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.359333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 70.0642/lat 38.359333)">Alakosim Kishlak</a>, 38.359333, 70.064200, 1840 m, 28 April 2015 (Yu. M. Marusik).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The male of this species differs from that of its congener by (1) the tip of RTA bent at a different angle (see Figure 4 (a,c)), (2) straight, spine-like and longer process of tegular apophysis (Tp) located prolaterally (vs claw-like, shorter and located anteriorly), and (3) having teeth (Tt) on the anterior edge of the tegular apophysis (vs no teeth). The female of S. denisi differs from that of its congener by (1) the shorter anterior hood and subparallel margins of fovea (vs wider hood and posteriorly converging lateral margins of fovea; see Figure 5 (a–d)), (2) relatively shorter base of septum and (3) smaller head of receptacle (see Figure 5 (a–d)).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Male. Habitus as in Figure 1 (b). Total length 2.60. Carapace 1.42 long, 0.99 wide. Eye sizes: AME: 0.10, ALE: 0.08, PME: 0.07, PLE: 0.07. Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium and maxillae yellowish. Carapace with irregular darker markings. Legs yellowish, without annulations. Abdomen dorsally dark greyish with pale beige median stripe, ventrally pale beige. Spinnerets uniformly pale beige. Measurements of legs: I: 3.97 (1.05, 0.42, 0.84, 0.97, 0.70), II: 3.73 (1.02, 0.45, 0.74, 0.92, 0.60), III: 3.74 (1.00, 0.45, 0.73, 0.96, 0.60), IV: 5.03 (1.28, 0.47, 1.16, 1.44, 0.68).</p> <p>Palp as in Figures 2 (a–c), 3(d–g) and 4(a); terminal half of RTA bent ventrally; cymbium with shallow fold (Cf) opposing RTA; bulb oval, tegular apophysis (Ta) with straight, spinelike process (Tp), anterior edge of tegular apophysis with fine teeth (Tt).</p> <p>Female. Habitus as in Figure 1 (a). Total length 3.60. Carapace 1.50 long, 1.05 wide. Eye sizes: AME: 0.10, ALE: 0.09, PME: 0.08, PLE: 0.08. Colouration as in male. Measurements of legs: I: 4.24 (1.10, 0.47, 0.88, 1.06, 0.73), II: 3.78 (1.00, 0.46, 0.77, 0.95, 0.60), III: 4.05 (1.07, 0.49, 0.76, 1.13, 0.60), IV: 5.51 (1.38, 0.50, 1.27, 1.62, 0.74).</p> <p>Epigyne as in Figures 4 (b) and 5(a,b); anterior hood short and arched; margins of fovea subparallel (Figure 5 (a,b)); septal stem (Ss) about 2 times shorter than septal base (Sb); receptacles separated by about 7 diameters and each bearing a small head (Rh).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Known only from Dushanbe and Khatlon regions, western to south-central Tajikistan (Figure 6). Ovtsharenko and Fet (1980) and Krivokhatsky and Fet (1981) reported this species from Turkmenistan, although these records were later attributed to Parazodarion raddei (Simon, 1889) (sub Zodarion) by Mikhailov and Fet (1994).</p> <p>Comments</p> <p>The female of this species is described here for the first time.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F787AAFFE6FFC6FEF2FD9ECE2D0CE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. (2022): A new genus of Zodariidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tajikistan. Journal of Natural History 56 (25 - 28): 1187-1198, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422
03F787AAFFECFFC5FE29FEFDC9E10D17.text	03F787AAFFECFFC5FE29FEFDC9E10D17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinozodium khatlonicum Zamani & Marusik 2022	<div><p>Spinozodium khatlonicum sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1c–d, 2d–f, 3a–c, 4c–d, 5c–d)</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype ♂ (ZMMU), TAJIKISTAN: Khatlon Region: Dangara Dist., Sanglok Mt. range, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.22663&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.29895" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.22663/lat 38.29895)">Shar-Shar Pass</a>, 38.298950, 69.226633, 1700–2060 m, 29 April 2015 (Yu.M. Marusik). Paratypes: 5♂ 9♀ (ZMMU), same data as the holotype; 4♂ 2♀ (ZMMU), Dangara dist., Sanglok Mt. range, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.23803&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.21818" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.23803/lat 38.21818)">Shar-Shar Pass</a>, 38.218183, 69.238033, 1362 m, 30 April 2015 (Yu. M. Marusik); 3♂ 1♀ (MMUE), Shaartuz Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.04195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.09132" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.04195/lat 37.09132)">Khushody</a>, 37.091320, 68.041950, 378 m, edge of sandy desert, 20.04.2015 (Yu. M. Marusik).</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific epithet refers to the type locality.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The male of this species differs from that of S. denisi by (1) the tip of RTA bent at a different angle (see Figure 4 (a,c)), (2) smaller and claw-like process of tegular apophysis (Tp) located anteriorly (vs larger, spine-like, and located prolaterally), and (3) having small ridges on the anterior edge of tegular apophysis (vs having teeth instead of ridges). The female of the new species differs from that of the type species by (1) the converging lateral margins of fovea (vs subparallel; see Figure 5 (a–d)), (2) relatively wider base of septum and (3) larger head of receptacle (see Figure 5 (a–d)).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Male (Holotype). Habitus as in Figure 1 (d). Total length 2.40. Carapace 1.20 long, 0.93 wide. Eye sizes: AME: 0.11, ALE: 0.08, PME: 0.07, PLE: 0.08. Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium and maxillae yellowish. Carapace with irregular darker markings. Legs yellowish, without annulations. Abdomen dorsally dark greyish with pale beige median stripe, ventrally pale beige. Spinnerets uniformly pale beige. Measurements of legs: I: 3.88 (1.10, 0.36, 0.90, 0.82, 0.70), II: 3.68 (1.00, 0.40, 0.80, 0.90, 0.58), III: 3.64 (0.90, 0.45, 0.73, 0.96, 0.60), IV: 5.09 (1.36, 0.45, 1.14, 1.46, 0.68).</p> <p>Palp as in Figures 2 (d–f), 3(a–c) and 4(c); terminal half of RTA bent ventrally; bulb almost round; tegular apophysis (Ta) with small claw-like process (Tp), anterior part of tegular apophysis with transversal broken ridges (Figure 4 (a)).</p> <p>Female. Habitus as in Figure 1 (c). Total length 3.65. Carapace 1.65 long, 1.20 wide. Eye sizes: AME: 0.13, ALE: 0.11, PME: 0.09, PLE: 0.09. Colouration as in male. Measurements of legs: I: 4.85 (1.30, 0.45, 1.05, 1.30, 0.75), II: 4.32 (1.20, 0.45, 0.90, 1.10, 0.67), III: 4.54 (1.25, 0.46, 0.90, 1.25, 0.68), IV: 6.36 (1.70, 0.55, 1.50, 1.83, 0.78).</p> <p>Epigyne as in Figures 4 (d) and 5(c,d); anterior hood arched; foveal lateral margins converging posteriorly (Figure 5 (c,d)); heads of receptacles (Rh) visible through integument (Figure 5 (d)); septal base (Sb) about 3 times wider than septal stem (Ss); head of receptacle larger than base of receptacle, separated by about 4 diameters.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Known only from the listed localities in Khatlon region, south-western Tajikistan (Figure 6).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F787AAFFECFFC5FE29FEFDC9E10D17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zamani, Alireza;Marusik, Yuri M.	Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. (2022): A new genus of Zodariidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tajikistan. Journal of Natural History 56 (25 - 28): 1187-1198, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2115422
