taxonID	type	description	language	source
1001E3221E456047A2EFF8982B21FEEC.taxon	type_taxon	Type: — Gaultheria procumbens Linnaeus (1753: 395)	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E456047A2EFF8982B21FEEC.taxon	description	Subshrubs erectly branched. Leaves alternate, spiraled, usually not overlapping, papery to coriaceous, flat; petiole robust; blade margin serrate; venation brochidodromous; apex without gland. Pseudoracemes leafy apically, sometimes solitary axillary flowers. Flowers 5 - merous; calyx lobes connate at base, becoming fleshy and accrescent, lobes long or short; corolla gamopetalous, campanulate to urceolate; stamens 8 – 10; filaments erect, papillose; anthers 2 - aristate, dorsifix, dehiscence poricidal; ovary superior, 4 - 5 - locular, multiovulate. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, frequently globose, commonly involved by the calyx; seeds ovoid or angulate, laterally long.	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E456047A2EFF8982B21FEEC.taxon	discussion	The genus Gaultheria in Rio Grande do Sul comprises two species distributed in the highland grasslands of the Campos de Cima da Serra (Figs. 16 C, D), mainly in peat bogs, riverside grasslands, among rock outcrops, close to cloud forest edges, in herbaceous and / or shrubby vegetation and associated with hillsides near the border with Santa Catarina state (Figs. 12 A – B; 14 A).	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFEEB2DF4FC9F.taxon	type_taxon	Type: — Gaylussacia buxifolia Kunth (1818: 276).	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFEEB2DF4FC9F.taxon	description	Subshrubs to shrubs, erect to procumbent, orthocladous to deliquescent. Leaves alternate, papery to coriaceous; blade glabrous to tomentose; margin entire to serrate; apical callous glandular; venation camptodromous. Racemes axillary and subapical with bracts at the base of the inflorescence axis; floral bract 1, conspicuous at pedicel base; bracteoles 2 along the pedicel. Flowers 5 - merous; calyx lobes basally connate and pubescent to glabrous; corolla gamopetalous, campanulate to urceolate; stamen 10, epipetalous; staminal filaments straight, flat, pubescent to tomentose; anthers dorsifixed; thecae parallel, long-tubular, dehiscence poricidal or by a small apical cleft; ovary inferior; pseudo- 10 - locular, one ovule per locule; stigma depressed-capitate. Fruit drupoid (nuculanium), globose; seeds lenticular.	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFEEB2DF4FC9F.taxon	discussion	The genus Gaylussacia in Rio Grande do Sul comprises three species distributed mainly in a highland grassland of Campos de Cima da Serra (Figs. 23 A, B, C), also reaching the regions of Depressão Central (Fig. 23 A) and South Coast (Fig. 23 B). Gaylussacia are associated with forest edges and in grasslands along cloud forests and riverine forests (Fig. 17 B; 19 B, E; 21 A), in clay and acidic soils (Fig. 17 A), temporary wetlands and peat bogs (Fig. 19 A) in rocky hillsides and cliffs, basaltic outcrops, wet sandy soils, peat bogs and sandy soils at restinga.	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	description	Subshrubs, 0.2 – 0.8 m tall, base erect, crown profusely branched; stem smooth; branches tomentose, trichomes glandularheaded and scattered. Leaves slightly discolorous; surface pubescent; petioles rigid, 1.36 – 2.61 mm; blade oblong, to elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, 1.73 – 2.99 cm × 0.6 – 1.08 cm; base rounded to obtuse, frequently subcordate; apex rounded to obtuse, mucronulate, with apical callous gland; margin entire to slightly revolute; sometimes seeming serrulate due to glandular-headed trichomes; adaxial surface lucid, puberulous to glabrescent mainly at midvein and at blade margins, with scattered glandular-headed trichomes; abaxial surface tomentose, glandular-headed trichomes mainly at midvein and blade margins, scattered punctate glands tawny to fawn-colored. Racemes axillary, apical, 5 - 16 - flowered, pubescent to tomentose, with densely glandular-headed trichomes, 1.04 – 6.07 cm; pedicel 1.06 – 6.25 mm; floral bracts leafy, ovate to rhombic or elliptic, citrine and or redish in color, pubescent with glandular-headed trichomes and capitate glandular along the edge, 5.92 – 8.4 mm; bracteoles narrowly triangular to linear, 2.43 – 3.52 mm. Flowers with connate portion of calyx densely hispidulous glandular and with glandular-headed trichomes, lobes 1.87 – 2.7 mm; corolla campanulate, white, 4.67 – 9.1 mm; staminal filaments tomentose, 0.87 – 2.48 mm; anthers 2.27 – 4.77 mm. Fruit a nuculanium, oblate, greenish / brownish when mature, 4.09 – 4.25 mm diam. × 2.27 – 2.57 mm high; seeds 1.7 – 1.84 mm. [Figs. 21 – 22]	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — False Gaultheria L., due to the superficial resemblance with this genus.	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	biology_ecology	Flowering and fruiting: — Flowering from September to February, and Fruiting from December to March.	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution & habitat: — Brazil (BA, MG, SP, RJ, PR, SC, RS) (Romão et al. 2022). In Rio Grande do Sul the species occurs in subtropical highland grasslands (Fig. 23 C) in rocky hillsides and cliffs, basaltic outcrops, wet sandy soils, peat bogs, grasslands along cloud forests, and riverine forests, rarely in dry grasslands (Fig. 21 A).	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	conservation	Conservation status: — EN in Rio Grande do Sul [B 1, B 2 ab (iii)]. – Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria was analyzed under criterium B of IUCN (2019) and the geographic range in the form of B 1 (EOO) and B 2 (AOO). The extent of occurrence of this species is 1,888.156 km ² and its area of occupancy is 20.000 km ², both placing it under category “ Endangered ” (EN). The occurrence in the state is limited to a few records and seems severely fragmented (subcriterium a). Moreover, the area, extent, and quality of habitat (subcriterium biii) are in continuous decline due its habitat specificity and the increasing anthropization of the native grasslands, mostly converted into monocultures and pasture for livestock. This species is not included in the Official List of Endangered Species of Brazilian Flora (Martinelli & Moraes 2013), neither in the CNC Flora Red List (CNCFlora 2020) to Brazil. We recommend the inclusion of G. pseudogaultheria in the state´s red list, in the threat category “ Endangered ” (EN).	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	materials_examined	Examined specimens: — BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: s. l. 19 January 1975, K. Hagelund 8731 (HAS). Cambará do Sul, 17 December 2018, C. H. Dalastra 6 (ICN); 11 December 1992, D. B. Falkenberg 5994 (ICN, MBM); 27 December 1980, J. Goergem (ICN 049991); January 1978, S. Boechat (ICN 41928); - 29.142495, - 50.087782, 5 December 2015, F. Gonzatti 2249 (HUCS); 18 December 2018, C. H. Dalastra 16 (ICN); - 29.165212, - 50.09699, 18 December 2018, C. H. Dalastra 14 (ICN); Parque Nacional dos Aparados da Serra, 13 December 1980, D. B. Falkenberg 47 (FLOR); - 29.075083, - 49.974861, 4 November 2006, G. O. Romão 1898 (MBM, ICN). São Francisco de Paula, - 29.458333, - 50.613333, 4 March 2012, P. J. S. Silva Filho 1552 (ICN); 16 March 2007, M. L. Lorscheitter & L. R. M. Baptista (ICN 172829). São José dos Ausentes, - 28.8, - 49.9525, 3 November 2006, G. O. Romão et al. 1861 (ICN, HAS); BR 285, - 28.799722, - 49.953056, 17 November 2016, G. Heiden et al. 2334 (ECT). Sapucaia do Sul [São Leopoldo], 5 September 1945, B. Rambo (PACA 29498).	en	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
