identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1001E3221E556056A2EFFA4A2C91F8EB.text	1001E3221E556056A2EFFA4A2C91F8EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agarista D. Don ex G. Don 1834	<div><p>Key to the species and varieties of Agarista in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil</p> <p>1. Petioles 6.26–15.81 (–21.43) mm long, thinner, flexuous and slender........................................................... Agarista eucalyptoides</p> <p>- Petioles 0.97–6.7 mm long, thicker, straight, and rigid......................................................................................................................2</p> <p>2. Leaf blade orbicular, surface glabrous or with few glandular-headed trichomes.............................................. Agarista nummularia</p> <p>- Leaf blade ovate, lanceolate, ellipitic, or oblong, surface with or without glandular-headed trichomes...........................................3</p> <p>3. Leaf base cordate, margin strongly revolute, surface with densely glandular-headed trichomes....................... Agarista chlorantha</p> <p>- Leaf base rounded to truncate or cuneate, margin slightly revolute, surface without glandular-headed trichomes..........................4</p> <p>4. Leaf blade lanceolate to oblong; capsule placenta central to subapical; seeds trapezoid....................................... Agarista minensis</p> <p>- Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, rarely oblong; capsule placenta apical; seeds concave-convex.............................................................5</p> <p>5. Leaf apex obtuse to retuse, blade 1–2.66 × 0.43–0.89 cm....................................................... Agarista niederleinii var. niederleinii</p> <p>- Lead apex acuminate to acute, blade 1.7–4.26 × 0.55–1.67 cm............................................................. A. niederleinii var. acutifolia</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E556056A2EFFA4A2C91F8EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E556056A2EFFE592C90FD76.text	1001E3221E556056A2EFFE592C90FD76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ericaceae	<div><p>Key to the Genera of Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil</p> <p>1. Leaf blade with apical callous gland; ovary inferior; fruit drupoid (nuculanium)........................................................... Gaylussacia</p> <p>- Leaf blade without apical callous gland; ovary superior; fruit a capsule...........................................................................................2</p> <p>2. Leaf apex mucronulate, venation reticulodromous; anthers truncate, the filaments geniculate; fruiting calyces dry, obscure, the capsule naked.......................................................................................................................................................................... Agarista</p> <p>- Leaf apex acute without mucro or callous gland, venation brochidodromous; anthers bifid, the filaments erect; fruiting calyces fleshy, surrounding the capsule.......................................................................................................................................... Gaultheria</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E556056A2EFFE592C90FD76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E456047A2EFF8982B21FEEC.text	1001E3221E456047A2EFF8982B21FEEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gaultheria Linnaeus 1753	<div><p>2. Gaultheria Linnaeus (1753: 395).</p> <p>Type:— Gaultheria procumbens Linnaeus (1753: 395)</p> <p>Subshrubs erectly branched. Leaves alternate, spiraled, usually not overlapping, papery to coriaceous, flat; petiole robust; blade margin serrate; venation brochidodromous; apex without gland. Pseudoracemes leafy apically, sometimes solitary axillary flowers. Flowers 5-merous; calyx lobes connate at base, becoming fleshy and accrescent, lobes long or short; corolla gamopetalous, campanulate to urceolate; stamens 8–10; filaments erect, papillose; anthers 2-aristate, dorsifix, dehiscence poricidal; ovary superior, 4-5-locular, multiovulate. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, frequently globose, commonly involved by the calyx; seeds ovoid or angulate, laterally long.</p> <p>The genus Gaultheria in Rio Grande do Sul comprises two species distributed in the highland grasslands of the Campos de Cima da Serra (Figs. 16 C, D), mainly in peat bogs, riverside grasslands, among rock outcrops, close to cloud forest edges, in herbaceous and/or shrubby vegetation and associated with hillsides near the border with Santa Catarina state (Figs. 12 A–B; 14 A).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E456047A2EFF8982B21FEEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E446047A2EFFED62C91FE09.text	1001E3221E446047A2EFFED62C91FE09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gaultheria Linnaeus 1753	<div><p>Key to the species of Gaultheria in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil</p> <p>1. Leaf blade ovate; rachis hirsute; pedicel villous.................................................................................................. Gaultheria itatiaiae</p> <p>- Leaf blade lanceolate; rachis puberulent; pedicel puberulous..................................................................................... Gaultheria ulei</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E446047A2EFFED62C91FE09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFEEB2DF4FC9F.text	1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFEEB2DF4FC9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gaylussacia Kunth 1818	<div><p>3. Gaylussacia Kunth (1818: 215).</p> <p>Type:— Gaylussacia buxifolia Kunth (1818: 276).</p> <p>Subshrubs to shrubs, erect to procumbent, orthocladous to deliquescent. Leaves alternate, papery to coriaceous; blade glabrous to tomentose; margin entire to serrate; apical callous glandular; venation camptodromous. Racemes axillary and subapical with bracts at the base of the inflorescence axis; floral bract 1, conspicuous at pedicel base; bracteoles 2 along the pedicel. Flowers 5-merous; calyx lobes basally connate and pubescent to glabrous; corolla gamopetalous, campanulate to urceolate; stamen 10, epipetalous; staminal filaments straight, flat, pubescent to tomentose; anthers dorsifixed; thecae parallel, long-tubular, dehiscence poricidal or by a small apical cleft; ovary inferior; pseudo-10- locular, one ovule per locule; stigma depressed-capitate. Fruit drupoid (nuculanium), globose; seeds lenticular.</p> <p>The genus Gaylussacia in Rio Grande do Sul comprises three species distributed mainly in a highland grassland of Campos de Cima da Serra (Figs. 23 A, B, C), also reaching the regions of Depressão Central (Fig. 23 A) and South Coast (Fig. 23 B). Gaylussacia are associated with forest edges and in grasslands along cloud forests and riverine forests (Fig. 17 B; 19 B, E; 21 A), in clay and acidic soils (Fig. 17 A), temporary wetlands and peat bogs (Fig. 19 A) in rocky hillsides and cliffs, basaltic outcrops, wet sandy soils, peat bogs and sandy soils at restinga.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFEEB2DF4FC9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFCFA2C91FBEF.text	1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFCFA2C91FBEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gaylussacia Kunth 1818	<div><p>Key to the species of Gaylussacia in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil</p> <p>1. Corolla red, urceolate................................................................................................................................... Gaylussacia brasiliensis</p> <p>- Corolla white, campanulate................................................................................................................................................................2</p> <p>2. Leaf blade linear-oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, adaxial surface puberulent.......................................... Gaylussacia angustifolia</p> <p>- Leaf blade oblong to ellipitic, adaxial surface pubescent.................................................................... Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E4E604DA2EFFCFA2C91FBEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.text	1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria Chamisso & Schlechtendal 1826	<div><p>3.3 Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria Chamisso &amp; Schlechtendal (1826: 535).</p> <p>≡ Gaultheria hispida Sprengel (1825: 28), nom. ileg. ≡ Lussacia hispida Sprengel (1827: 160) ≡ Adnaria hispida Kuntze (1891: 382). Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Barbacena, “In Brasilia Tropica”, 1825, F. Sellow s.n. (syntypes BM [BM000993615], image; BR [BR0000006996574], image!; E [E00292760], image!; F [V0055403F], image; G-DC [G00204390], image; HAL [HAL0098449, HAL0098450], image!; HBG [HBG515433] image!; K [K534702] image!; K [K534703], image!; K [K534704], image!; L [L0007283], image!; L [L0007214], image!; NY [NY0074], image!; NY [NY10075], image!; MPU [MPU012321], image!; P [P00647809], image!; W [W0050990], image!). [Figs. 21–22, 23 C]</p> <p>= Vaccinium scabrum Pohl (1828: 37). Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Barbacena, Registro Velho, September 1818, J.B.E. Pohl 194 (syntypes BR [BR0000005068425], image!; F [F0055560 V], image!; NY [NY00162379], image!; W [W0050989], image!).</p> <p>Subshrubs, 0.2–0.8 m tall, base erect, crown profusely branched; stem smooth; branches tomentose, trichomes glandularheaded and scattered. Leaves slightly discolorous; surface pubescent; petioles rigid, 1.36–2.61 mm; blade oblong, to elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, 1.73–2.99 cm × 0.6–1.08 cm; base rounded to obtuse, frequently subcordate; apex rounded to obtuse, mucronulate, with apical callous gland; margin entire to slightly revolute; sometimes seeming serrulate due to glandular-headed trichomes; adaxial surface lucid, puberulous to glabrescent mainly at midvein and at blade margins, with scattered glandular-headed trichomes; abaxial surface tomentose, glandular-headed trichomes mainly at midvein and blade margins, scattered punctate glands tawny to fawn-colored. Racemes axillary, apical, 5-16-flowered, pubescent to tomentose, with densely glandular-headed trichomes, 1.04–6.07 cm; pedicel 1.06–6.25 mm; floral bracts leafy, ovate to rhombic or elliptic, citrine and or redish in color, pubescent with glandular-headed trichomes and capitate glandular along the edge, 5.92–8.4 mm; bracteoles narrowly triangular to linear, 2.43–3.52 mm. Flowers with connate portion of calyx densely hispidulous glandular and with glandular-headed trichomes, lobes 1.87– 2.7 mm; corolla campanulate, white, 4.67–9.1 mm; staminal filaments tomentose, 0.87–2.48 mm; anthers 2.27–4.77 mm. Fruit a nuculanium, oblate, greenish/brownish when mature, 4.09–4.25 mm diam. × 2.27–2.57 mm high; seeds 1.7–1.84 mm. [Figs. 21–22]</p> <p>Etymology:—False Gaultheria L., due to the superficial resemblance with this genus.</p> <p>Flowering and fruiting:—Flowering from September to February, and Fruiting from December to March.</p> <p>Geographical distribution &amp; habitat:— Brazil (BA, MG, SP, RJ, PR, SC, RS) (Romão et al. 2022). In Rio Grande do Sul the species occurs in subtropical highland grasslands (Fig. 23 C) in rocky hillsides and cliffs, basaltic outcrops, wet sandy soils, peat bogs, grasslands along cloud forests, and riverine forests, rarely in dry grasslands (Fig. 21 A).</p> <p>Conservation status:—EN in Rio Grande do Sul [B1, B2ab(iii)].– Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria was analyzed under criterium B of IUCN (2019) and the geographic range in the form of B1 (EOO) and B2 (AOO). The extent of occurrence of this species is 1,888.156 km ² and its area of occupancy is 20.000 km ², both placing it under category “Endangered” (EN). The occurrence in the state is limited to a few records and seems severely fragmented (subcriterium a). Moreover, the area, extent, and quality of habitat (subcriterium biii) are in continuous decline due its habitat specificity and the increasing anthropization of the native grasslands, mostly converted into monocultures and pasture for livestock. This species is not included in the Official List of Endangered Species of Brazilian Flora (Martinelli &amp; Moraes 2013), neither in the CNC Flora Red List (CNCFlora 2020) to Brazil. We recommend the inclusion of G. pseudogaultheria in the state´s red list, in the threat category “Endangered” (EN).</p> <p>Examined specimens:— BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: s.l. 19 January 1975, K. Hagelund 8731 (HAS). Cambará do Sul, 17 December 2018, C. H. Dalastra 6 (ICN); 11 December 1992, D. B. Falkenberg 5994 (ICN, MBM); 27 December 1980, J. Goergem (ICN 049991); January 1978, S. Boechat (ICN 41928); -29.142495, -50.087782, 5 December 2015, F. Gonzatti 2249 (HUCS); 18 December 2018, C. H. Dalastra 16 (ICN); -29.165212, -50.09699, 18 December 2018, C. H. Dalastra 14 (ICN); Parque Nacional dos Aparados da Serra, 13 December 1980, D. B. Falkenberg 47 (FLOR); -29.075083, -49.974861, 4 November 2006, G. O. Romão 1898 (MBM, ICN). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.613335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.458332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.613335/lat -29.458332)">São Francisco de Paula</a>, -29.458333, -50.613333, 4 March 2012, P. J. S. Silva Filho 1552 (ICN); 16 March 2007, M. L. Lorscheitter &amp; L. R. M. Baptista (ICN 172829). São José dos Ausentes, -28.8, -49.9525, 3 November 2006, G. O. Romão et al. 1861 (ICN, HAS); BR 285, -28.799722, -49.953056, 17 November 2016, G. Heiden et al. 2334 (ECT). Sapucaia do Sul [São Leopoldo], 5 September 1945, B. Rambo (PACA 29498).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1001E3221E486075A2EFFC0F2B4AFE80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda;Heiden, Gustavo	Dalastra, Claudenice Hilda, Heiden, Gustavo (2022): Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 564 (2): 149-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
