taxonID	type	description	language	source
038D87B8C813200DEBC3E61A9E24A9C2.taxon	description	(Figs 3, 4, 12, 13)	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200DEBC3E61A9E24A9C2.taxon	materials_examined	Material Examined. NEW ZEALAND: North Island, Waikato Region, Stony Bay, 36 ° 30 ʹ 42.3 ʺS 175 ° 25 ʹ 24.4 ʺE, steep short bay with river outlet, beach with mix of large pebbles & sand, 12. iv. 2019, R. J. Le Grice (1 ♀, NZAC, photo); North Island, Wellington Region, Ôwhiro Bay, 41 ° 20 ʹ 40.8 ʺS 174 ° 45 ʹ 32.2 ʺE, 11. xii. 2019, small steep enclosed bay with freshwater stream outlet, beach with mix of medium and small stones, R. J. Le Grice (1 ♀, NZAC, photo); South Island, Banks Pen., Port Levy [ca 43 ° 39 ʹS 172 ° 48 ʹE], 22 – 26. ii. 1999, near sea streambed, pan traps, S. A. Marshall, debu 00102042 (1 ♂, DEBU); South Island, NN [Nelson area code], Cable Bay, 41 ° 09.6 ʹS 173 ° 24.9 ʹE, 13. ii. 1998, W. N. Mathis, USNM ENT 00085568 (1 ♀, USNM).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200DEBC3E61A9E24A9C2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of C. ismayi are distinguished from the other known Australasian species of the genus by their elongate yellow palpus (Fig. 12), grey body, yellow legs and several hypopygial features (Shamshev & Grootaert 2002, figs 18 – 22) including: left ventral epandrial process with tip weakly bent; left ventral surstylus relatively short with short setae; right ventral epandrial process straight; phallus with funnel-like tip; hypoproct simple and narrow. Females of C. ismayi (see “ Remarks ” below) are distinguished by the following features: fore femur with row of 4 – 5 long spine-like ventral setae on basal half (Fig. 13); palpus elongate and brownish with 3 long spine-like ventral setae (about 2 X palpus width); terminalia with syntergite 9 + 10 undivided and bearing acanthophorous setae, cercus narrowly rounded apically with prominent preapical seta (Shamshev & Grootaert 2002, figs 23 – 25).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200DEBC3E61A9E24A9C2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chimerothalassius ismayi is known only from New Zealand and has been collected at Ôwhiro Bay and Stony Bay on North Island, and Cable Bay, Port Levy and South Birdlings Flat [ca 43 ° 49 ʹS 172 ° 42 ʹE] on the northern part of South Island (Figs 3 – 7).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200DEBC3E61A9E24A9C2.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type series from South Birdlings Flat and the female specimens from Ôwhiro Bay and Stony Bay were swept or hand collected from stony beaches (e. g., Fig. 4) or beaches with mixed pebbles and sand, while the Port Levy male specimen was taken in a pan trap along a stream bed near the sea (Fig. 6). Shamshev & Grootaert (2002) noted great sexual dimorphism in the chaetotaxy of the palpus and foreleg of C. ismayi, which is not seen in C. runyoni Brooks & Cumming from the Caribbean (Brooks & Cumming 2018), or C. riparius sp. nov. from New Caledonia, described below. Although we have not seen the type series of C. ismayi (8 males and 14 females from South Birdlings Flat, South Island deposited in the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium), we have examined a male collected from the nearby locality of Port Levy (DEBU), and females collected from Cable Bay (USNM), Ôwhiro Bay and Stony Bay (NZAC) that are virtually identical to the male holotype, male paratypes and female paratypes illustrated and described by Shamshev & Grootaert (2002, figs 1 – 26). Given the major differences in the chaetotaxy of the palpus and foreleg between the males and females of the type series (as well as the male and females we examined), we suspect that the female paratypes of C. ismayi and the females from Cable Bay, Ôwhiro Bay and Stony Bay actually belong to an undescribed species for which the male remains undiscovered. Even though the type specimens of C. ismayi were all collected from a single stony beach on the same day, multiple species of certain parathalassiine shoreline genera, such as Amphithalassius Ulrich, Parathalassius Mik, and Plesiothalassius Ulrich are known to co-inhabit single beaches (Ulrich 1991; Brooks & Cumming 2017). The same appears true for Chimerothalassius, at least at the Port Levy locality, where both C. ismayi and C. marshalli sp. nov. were taken during the same collecting event. The female specimens currently assigned to C. ismayi also do not appear to be conspecific with C. marshalli sp. nov. based on differences in chaetotaxy of the palpus, gena, thorax and foreleg.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200AEBC3E2A29FA8AF13.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Chimerothalassius ismayi Shamshev & Grootaert, 2002, by original designation.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200AEBC3E2A29FA8AF13.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The genus Chimerothalassius is distinguished from other parathalassiine genera by the following characters: head with gena scarcely projected below eye (Figs 12, 14, 27), mouthparts directed ventrally with fleshy labellum (e. g., Figs 14, 27), palpus elongate and narrow (Figs 12, 14), abruptly capitate apically and narrow basally (Figs 19, 27, 28), or broadly subtriangular; thorax with prosternum fused to proepisternum forming precoxal bridge, scutellum with 1 pair of strong dorsally directed setae near apex (e. g., Fig. 14); legs with fore coxa lacking field of short stout spinose setae on anterior surface, tarsomere 5 of each leg with medial apical projection, although sometimes weakly developed; wing (Fig. 22) with R 1 reaching costa before middle of wing, crossvein bm-m complete or incomplete, cell dm absent without veins M 2 and dm-m, CuA rounded, cell cua convex apically, CuA + CuP absent or vestigial, anal lobe not developed; male terminalia with hypopygium small (Figs 26, 29, 30), right epandrial lamella usually with dorsally directed ventral process (Figs 17, 24, 32), cerci symmetrical (or nearly so) and moderately short, hypoproct projected (Figs 18, 25, 33); female abdomen with apical segments retracted into segment 5 (Fig. 21), terminalia with syntergite 9 + 10 undivided and bearing acanthophorous setae and cercus narrowly rounded apically with prominent apical or preapical seta, or syntergite 9 + 10 divided and bearing acanthophorous spines and cercus pointed apically without apical seta (Fig. 21).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C813200AEBC3E2A29FA8AF13.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Species of Chimerothalassius are known from the Caribbean, Costa Rica, New Zealand (Figs 3 – 7) (Brooks & Cumming 2018) and now New Caledonia (Figs 8 – 10) (Cumming & Brooks 2019, as “ Undescribed genus [New Caledonia] ”). The genus is found on rocky, stony or sandy habitats of coastal beaches (Figs 4 – 7) and emerged rocks in rivers (Figs 9, 10) (Shamshev & Grootaert 2002; Brooks & Cumming 2018; Cumming & Brooks 2019).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	description	(Figs 3, 5 – 7, 14 – 18) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DF 9 EEF 18 - DC 3 F- 4 A 79 - B 56 D- 31 D 56900769 E	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ labelled: “ NZ. South Is., Banks / Pen., Port Levy [ca 43 ° 39 ʹS 172 ° 48 ʹE], 22 – 26 / Feb 1999, near sea / streambed, pan traps, / S. A. Marshall, / debu 00102014 ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Chimerothalassius marshalli / Brooks & Cumming [red label] ” (NZAC). Additional material. NEW ZEALAND: South Island, Canterbury Region, Sumner Beach, 43 ° 34 ʹ 16.1 ʺS 172 ° 45 ʹ 55.1 ʺE, sandy exposed flat beach with large rock seawall and freshwater outlet, 16. xi. 2018, R. J. Le Grice (1 ♂, NZAC, photo).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Known only from males, C. marshalli sp. nov. is distinguished from the other known Australasian species of the genus by its elongate dark brown palpus (Fig. 14), dark brown body and legs (Figs 14, 15), strong dark genal setae and several hypopygial features (Figs 16 – 18) including: left ventral epandrial process with hook-like tip; left ventral surstylus relatively short with several strong ventral setae; right ventral epandrial process straight; phallus with tip not expanded and with pointed process near midlength; hypoproct simple and narrow.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 14 – 18): Wing length approximately 1.40 mm. Head (Figs 14, 15): Dark brown-grey pruinose, with bronze and weak greenish reflections; slightly broader than thorax in dorsal view; round in lateral view (about as broad as high); broader than high in anterior view; larger setae black. Ocellar triangle conspicuous. Occiput concave on upper median part. Eyes covered with short ommatrichia; medial edge of eye with distinct emargination adjacent to antenna; ommatidia progressively smaller anterodorsally. Frons 1.6 X broader than high, subtriangular, widening above. Face narrow, with eyes nearly contiguous. Face and clypeus concolorous with rest of head. Clypeus not separated from face, small and triangular, not produced. Setae of head well differentiated: 1 pair of lateroclinate fronto-orbitals close to base of antennae; 1 pair of lateroclinate anterior ocellars; 2 pairs of small posterior ocellars; 1 pair of strong inclinate inner verticals (sometimes referred to as postocellars); 2 pairs of lateroclinate outer verticals; postoculars short and uniserial, lower setae fine and pale. Antenna entirely dark brown, inserted near middle of head in profile; scape short, funnel-shaped; pedicel subequal in length to scape, spheroidal with subapical circlet of setulae; postpedicel 2 X longer than wide, bulb-shaped with basal half round and distal half narrow, clothed in fine setulae; arista-like stylus 1.5 X length of postpedicel, with minute hairs (right postpedicel of holotype deformed and elongated, with very short deformed stylus). Palpus dark brown, elongate and gradually enlarged apically, with preapical ventral seta. Proboscis dark brown, short. Gena narrow, with several strong dark setae surrounding oral cavity. Thorax (Figs 14, 15): Dark brown-grey pruinose, with bronze and weak greenish reflections especially dorsally, setae black. Mesoscutum moderately arched, prescutellar depression present. Proepisternum with minute seta. Postpronotal lobe with minute seta. Mesonotum longer than wide. Acrostichal setae absent; other thoracic setae well differentiated, each side of mesonotum with: 4 dorsocentrals, 1 presutural supra-alar (posthumeral), 1 postsutural supra-alar, 2 notopleurals, 1 postalar. Scutellum broadly subtriangular with 1 long, strong, dorsally projected seta per side. Mesopleuron bare. Halter pale brown. Legs: Evenly brown; with mostly short setae; tarsomeres 1 – 4 of all legs progressively shorter apically with tarsomere 5 slightly longer than 4; tarsomere 5 of all legs with dorsomedial finger-like process; tarsal claws and pulvilli normally developed on all legs (empodium not observable on available specimens). Foreleg: Coxa with short, sparse pale setae on anterior surface, apical margin with setae longer; femur subequal in length to tibia; tarsus slightly longer than tibia; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 5. Midleg: Coxa with 4 pale setae; femur, tibia and tarsus subequal in length; tibia with relatively strong black preapical ventral seta; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 5. Hindleg: Coxa with 2 pale setae on lateral surface; femur subequal in length to tibia; tarsus slightly shorter than tibia; tarsomere 1 slightly longer than tarsomere 2. Wing: Similar to C. riparius sp. nov. (see Fig. 22), except as follows: R 1 terminating closer to middle of wing. Abdomen: Dark greyish-brown with small dark setae (weaker and pale on sternites); sternite 6 and segment 7 bare. Segments 5 – 7 narrowed and laterally compressed to form cavity on right side for hypopygium. Sternite 5 lacking pregenitalic process. Sternite 8 ovoid, with short setae; tergite 8 indistinct. Hypopygium (Figs 16 – 18): Concolorous with pregenitalic abdominal sclerites; lateroflexed to right; inverted with posterior end directed anteriorly; small and compact, about 1 / 4 length of abdomen; asymmetrical; foramen not formed. Epandrium divided into left and right lamellae. Left epandrial lamella (Fig. 16) partially overlapping left side of hypandrium, posterior margin trifurcate, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct; ventral epandrial process apparently articulated at base, long and slender with slight upward bend, tip hook-like and bent ventrally. Left surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by U-shaped cleft through which left postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of left surstylus with long apical seta, shorter dorsal seta and short preapical medial seta, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of left surstylus as long as dorsal lobe with several elongate and strong ventral setae. Right epandrial lamella (Fig. 17) partially overlapping right side of hypandrium, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct, similar in length to hypandrium, with prominent seta near middle of posterior margin; ventral epandrial process present, narrow, straight and dorsally projected with pointed tip. Right surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by U-shaped cleft through which right postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of right surstylus relatively short with medially projected apical seta, long preapical dorsal seta and shorter dorsal seta, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of right surstylus about 2 X longer than dorsal lobe, with 1 ventral seta near base, 1 medial seta near middle and short apical seta. Hypandrium bowl-shaped, about as long as epandrium in lateral view. Left postgonite lobe large, apically bilobate, with thumb-like dorsomedial lobe and longer ventral lobe (Fig. 16). Right postgonite lobe shorter than left lobe, apically bilobate with ventral lobe as long as dorsomedial lobe and pointed medially (Fig. 17). Phallus tubular, J-shaped, projected dorsally, with pointed process near middle, with tip not expanded. Ejaculatory apodeme keel-like. Hypoproct simple and relatively narrow in dorsal view (Fig. 18), left and right sides symmetrical. Cercus subtriangular in dorsal view (Fig. 18) with projected apex bearing seta, with 3 prominent dorsal setae, left and right cercus symmetrical. Female. Unknown.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This new species is known only from the type locality of Port Levy and the nearby locality of Sumner Beach, near Christchurch, South Island, New Zealand (Figs 3, 5 – 7).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honour of our colleague, Dr. Stephen A. Marshall of the University of Guelph, who collected the holotype of this new species, as well as other valuable shoreline empidoid specimens.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C815200FEBC3E2EA9CB8ACEE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The holotype male was collected in a pan trap along a stream bed near the sea (Figs 5 – 7) and the male from Sumner Beach was hand collected on a sandy exposed flat beach.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	description	(Figs 8 – 10, 19 – 25) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CD 5 E 6 F 66 - 2 F 72 - 4 B 6 B- 8235 - 30 B 3 DDBE 6 D 23	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ labelled: “ NEW CALEDONIA: Parc / Rivève [sic] Bleue; R. Bleue / nr. Refuge [ca 22 ° 05 ʹ 50 ʺS 166 ° 38 ʹ 17 ʺE], 20 – 21. vii. / 1995; B. J. Sinclair / ex. yellow pans ”; “ CNC / 1155797 ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Chimerothalassius riparius / Brooks & Cumming [red label] ” (MNHN). PARATYPES: NEW CALEDONIA: same data as holotype (1 ♀, CNC); same data as holotype except, CNC 1155799 (1 ♀, MNHN).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Chimerothalassius riparius sp. nov. is distinguished from the other known Australasian species of the genus by its brown, capitate palpus (Fig. 19). Males are further distinguished by several hypopygial features (Figs 23 – 25) including: left ventral epandrial process with tip weakly bent; left ventral surstylus long and narrow with short setae; right ventral epandrial process strongly upcurved; phallus with tip not expanded and lacking process near midlength; hypoproct bifid with narrow dorsal lobe and longer broader ventral lobe. Females are further characterized by their terminalia with acanthophorous spines and pointed, upturned cercus (Fig. 21).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 19, 20, 22 – 25): Wing length 1.10 mm. Head (Figs 19, 20): Dark grey pruinose with green and bronze reflections dorsally; broader than thorax in dorsal view; ovoid in lateral view (higher than broad); about as broad as high in anterior view; larger setae black. Ocellar triangle conspicuous. Occiput concave on upper median part. Eyes covered with short ommatrichia; medial edge of eye with distinct emargination adjacent to antenna; ommatidia progressively smaller anterodorsally. Frons 2.3 X broader than high, widening above. Face narrow, with eyes nearly contiguous, concolorous with rest of head. Clypeus not separated from face, small and triangular, weakly produced medially, brownish medially, grey laterally. Setae of head well differentiated: 1 pair of weakly inclinate fronto-orbitals about midway between base of antennae and ocellar triangle; 1 pair of lateroclinate anterior ocellars; 1 pair of small posterior ocellars; 1 pair of weakly inclinate inner verticals (sometimes referred to as postocellars); 2 pairs of lateroclinate outer verticals; postoculars short fine and pale, upper setae uniserial, lower setae scattered, lowermost seta longer. Antenna entirely dark brown, inserted slightly above middle of head in profile; scape short, funnel-shaped; pedicel subequal in length to scape, spheroidal with subapical circlet of setulae; postpedicel 1.1 X longer than wide, bulb-shaped with very short narrow tip, clothed in fine setulae; arista-like stylus 3 X length of postpedicel, with minute hairs. Palpus brown, narrow basally, abruptly capitate apically, with short hairs. Proboscis dark brown, short. Gena narrow. Thorax: Dark grey pruinose with green and bronze reflections especially dorsally, setae black. Mesoscutum moderately arched, prescutellar depression present. Proepisternum with minute seta. Postpronotal lobe with 2 minute setae. Mesonotum longer than wide. Acrostichal setae absent; other thoracic setae well differentiated, each side of mesonotum with: 4 dorsocentrals, 1 presutural supra-alar (posthumeral), 1 postsutural supra-alar, 2 notopleurals, 1 postalar. Scutellum broadly subtriangular with 1 long, strong, dorsally projected seta per side. Mesopleuron bare. Halter pale brown. Legs: Evenly brown, except apex of fore coxa yellow; with mostly short setae; tarsomeres 1 – 4 of all legs progressively shorter apically with tarsomere 5 slightly longer than 4; tarsomere 5 of all legs with very weakly developed dorsomedial process; tarsal claws, pulvilli and empodium normally developed on all legs. Foreleg: Coxa apparently with short, sparse pale setae on anterior surface, apical margin with setae longer; femur, tibia and tarsus subequal in length; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 4. Midleg: Coxa with a few pale setae; femur subequal in length to tibia, with row of anteroventral setae (subequal in length to femur width); tarsus slightly longer than tibia; tarsomere 1 partially obscured from view. Hindleg: Coxa with 2 pale setae on lateral surface; femur, tibia and tarsus subequal in length; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 3. Wing (Fig. 22): With brownish tinge, veins dark brown, about 2.5 X longer than wide. Pterostigma absent, membrane entirely covered with minute microtrichia, alula absent. Costa circumambient. Extreme anterior base of costa apparently with 1 strong anterodorsal seta (broken in unique holotype) and at least 1 shorter proximal seta. Anterior section of costa (between base and R 2 + 3) with double row of relatively widely spaced spine-like setae. Posterior section of costa (beyond R 2 + 3) with setae finer, longer and more closely spaced. Radial and medial veins M 1 and M 4 complete and reaching wing margin, M 2 and CuA + CuP (anal vein) absent, Sc faint. R 1 short, terminating near basal 1 / 3 of wing. Base of Rs originating opposite humeral crossvein. R 2 + 3 subparallel with R 1 in basal part, subparallel with R 4 + 5 in distal part. R 4 + 5 weakly sinuous. M 1 straight in basal half, sinuous in distal half and curving posteriorly to costa apically. M 4 mostly straight with posterior curve to costa apically. CuA rounded. Short r-m crossvein present in basal portion of wing, distal to base of R 4 + 5. Crossvein bm-m incomplete. Cell dm, base of M 2 and dm-m crossvein absent. Cells br, bm and cua in basal fourth of wing. Cell cua closed, ovoid. Anal lobe not developed. Calypter with fine setae. Abdomen: Brown with small dark setae (weaker and pale on sternites); sternite 6 mainly bare, segment 7 bare. Segments 5 – 7 narrowed and laterally compressed to form cavity on right side for hypopygium. Sternite 5 lacking pregenitalic process. Sternite 8 ovoid, with short setae; tergite 8 indistinct. Hypopygium (Figs 23 – 25): Concolorous with pregenitalic abdominal sclerites; lateroflexed to right; inverted with posterior end directed anteriorly; small and compact, about 1 / 4 length of abdomen; asymmetrical; foramen not formed. Epandrium divided into left and right lamellae. Left epandrial lamella (Fig. 23) partially overlapping left side of hypandrium, posterior margin trifurcate, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct; ventral epandrial process apparently not articulated at base, long and slender, projected dorsally, tip with weak weakly ventral bend. Left surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by U-shaped cleft through which left postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of left surstylus with short apical seta, long preapical dorsal seta, and short dorsal seta, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of left surstylus longer than dorsal lobe, narrow with relatively short setae ventrally. Right epandrial lamella (Fig. 24) partially overlapping right side of hypandrium, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct, slightly longer than hypandrium, with prominent seta near middle of posterior margin; ventral epandrial process present, narrow and strongly upcurved. Right surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by U-shaped cleft through which right postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of right surstylus broad with short apical seta, long preapical dorsal seta and short dorsal seta, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of right surstylus about 3 X longer than dorsal lobe, with 1 ventral seta near middle and 1 preapical medial seta. Hypandrium bowl-shaped, slightly shorter than epandrium in lateral view. Left postgonite lobe large, deeply bilobate, with thumb-like dorsomedial lobe and longer ventral lobe (Fig. 23). Right postgonite lobe shorter than left lobe, apically bilobate with ventral lobe about as long as dorsomedial lobe (Fig. 24). Phallus tubular, J-shaped, projected dorsally, with flange-like ventral projection near base, with tip not expanded. Ejaculatory apodeme keellike. Hypoproct bifid with narrow dorsal lobe and longer broader ventral lobe, left and right sides symmetrical (Fig. 25). Cercus subtriangular in dorsal view (Fig. 25), with small preapical seta and 2 prominent dorsal setae, left and right cercus symmetrical. Female: Body length 1.30 mm, wing length 1.40 mm. Similar to male except as follows: Abdomen (Fig. 21): Tapering posteriorly, apical segments retracted into segment 5. Terminalia with tergite 8 medially divided, narrowly fused with sternite 8 anterolaterally; syntergite 9 + 10 medially divided with 4 acanthophorous spines on each side; cercus with narrow, upturned and pointed tip, with short ventral setulae; spermathecal duct an unsclerotized tube with broad ridged sperm pump in basal part (terminal part lost in dissected female).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This new species is known only from the type locality along Rivère Bleue in the Yaté Commune of the South Province of New Caledonia (Figs 8 – 10).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the riparian habit of the new species (Figs 9, 10).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8172000EBC3E2EA9C4AA953.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Formerly, Cumming & Brooks (2019) included this exemplar species (i. e., “ New Caledonia sp. ”) as a member of “ Undescribed genus [New Caledonia] ” in their phylogenetic analysis of the Parathalassiinae, because presence of female terminalia with acanthophorous spines was not considered typical of Chimerothalassius at that time. The type series of C. riparius sp. nov. was collected together with the holotype of C. sinclairi sp. nov. in yellow pan traps placed along the margin of Rivère Bleue.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	description	(Figs 8 – 10, 26 – 33) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4402 E 850 - 080 F- 4802 - 8725 - 15 A 2 D 694503 E	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ labelled: “ NEW CALEDONIA: Parc / Rivève [sic] Bleue; R. Bleue / nr. refuge [ca 22 ° 05 ʹ 50 ʺS 166 ° 38 ʹ 17 ʺE], 20 – 21. vii. / 1995; B. J. Sinclair / ex. yellow pans ”; “ CNC / 1155798 ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Chimerothalassius sinclairi / Brooks & Cumming [red label] ” (MNHN).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Known only from a single male, C. sinclairi sp. nov. is distinguished from the other known Australasian species of the genus by its white capitate palpus (Figs 27, 28), and several hypopygial features (Figs 29 – 33) including: left ventral epandrial process with narrowed beak-like tip; left ventral surstylus short with short seta; right epandrial lamella with large elongate seta on posterior margin; right ventral epandrial process sinuous; phallus sinuous and narrow; cercus with long setae; hypoproct simple and broad.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 26 – 33): Body length 1.20 mm, wing length approximately 1 mm. Head (Figs 27, 28): Silvery grey pruinose with bluish reflections; broader than thorax in dorsal view; round in lateral view (about as broad as high); broader than high in anterior view; larger setae black. Ocellar triangle conspicuous. Occiput weakly concave on upper median part. Eyes covered with short ommatrichia; medial edge of eye with distinct emargination adjacent to antenna; ommatidia progressively smaller anterodorsally. Frons 3 X broader than high, widening above. Face narrow, with eyes nearly contiguous. Face and clypeus concolorous with rest of head. Clypeus not separated from face, small and triangular, not produced. Setae of head well differentiated: 1 pair of weakly reclinate frontoorbitals close to base of antennae; 1 pair of small anterior ocellars; 1 pair of small posterior ocellars; 1 pair of inclinate inner verticals (sometimes referred to as postocellars); 2 pairs of lateroclinate outer verticals; postoculars short fine and pale, upper few setae uniserial, lower setae scattered and longer around oral cavity. Antenna entirely pale brown, inserted slightly above middle of head in profile; scape short, funnel-shaped; pedicel slightly longer than scape, spheroidal with subapical circlet of setulae; postpedicel 2.7 X longer than wide, bulb-shaped with basal 1 / 3 round and distal 2 / 3 narrow, clothed in fine setulae, longer on narrow distal part; arista-like stylus 1.6 X length of postpedicel, with minute hairs. Palpus bright white, narrow basally, abruptly capitate apically. Proboscis pale brown, short. Gena narrow. Thorax: Brown with light silver-grey pruinosity, with green and bronze reflections especially dorsally, setae black. Mesoscutum weakly arched, prescutellar depression present. Proepisternum with tiny upper and tiny lower seta. Postpronotal lobe with 1 minute seta. Mesonotum longer than wide. Acrostichal setae short, uniserial and irregular; other thoracic setae mostly short and weak, each side of mesonotum with: approximately 7 dorsocentrals (anterior setae similar to acrostichals, posterior seta stronger), apparently 2 short presutural supra-alars (posthumerals), postsutural supra-alar broken or absent, 2 strong notopleurals, postalar apparently broken. Scutellum broadly subtriangular with 1 long, strong, dorsally projected seta per side. Mesopleuron bare. Halter whitish. Legs (Fig. 26): Mostly pale brown except, fore coxa pale yellow, femora partially to mostly pale yellow ventrally; with mostly short pale setae; tarsomeres 1 – 4 of all legs progressively shorter apically with tarsomere 5 slightly longer than 4; tarsomere 5 of all legs with dorsomedial finger-like process; tarsal claws small, pulvilli and empodium normally developed on all legs. Foreleg: Coxa with fine setae on anterior surface, several basal setae longer, apical margin with setae longer; femur slightly longer than tibia and somewhat enlarged, with series of several small erect setae basally and series of stronger posteroventral setae along distal half; tarsus subequal in length to tibia; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 4. Midleg: Coxa obscured from view; femur, tibia and tarsus subequal in length; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 4. Hindleg: Coxa with 1 visible pale seta on lateral surface; femur slightly longer than tibia; tarsus subequal in length to tibia; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 3. Wing (Fig. 26): Similar to C. riparius sp. nov. (see Fig. 22), except as follows: Extreme anterior base of costa bare. Base of wing proximal to tip of cell cua quite narrow. Calypter without setae. Abdomen (Figs 29, 30): Pale brown with small brownish setae (weaker on sternites); sternite 6 and segment 7 bare. Segments 5 – 7 narrowed and laterally compressed to form cavity on right side for hypopygium. Sternite 5 lacking pregenitalic process. Sternite 8 ovoid, with short setae; tergite 8 indistinct. Hypopygium (Figs 29 – 33): Concolorous with pregenitalic abdominal sclerites; lateroflexed to right; inverted with posterior end directed anteriorly; small and compact, about 1 / 4 length of abdomen; asymmetrical; foramen not formed. Epandrium divided into left and right lamellae. Left epandrial lamella (Fig. 31) largely overlapping left side of hypandrium, with broadly projecting and rounded anterior margin, posterior margin trifurcate, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct; ventral epandrial process apparently not articulated at base, long and slender, bent ventrally, with narrowed beak-like tip. Left surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by shallow U-shaped cleft through which left postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of left surstylus broadened mid-ventrally with short apical seta, long preapical dorsal seta and short dorsal seta, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of left surstylus short with short preapical seta. Right epandrial lamella (Fig. 32) elongate and subtriangular, partially overlapping right side of hypandrium, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct, longer than hypandrium, with large elongate seta near middle of posterior margin; ventral epandrial process present, sinuous and projecting dorsally, hidden behind right epandrial lamella. Right surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by U-shaped cleft through which right postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of right surstylus short with short apical seta, long preapical dorsal seta and short dorsal seta, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of right surstylus elongate and broadly bifurcate apically, with 1 ventral seta near middle and 1 small medial seta near bifurcation. Hypandrium relatively small and narrowing anteriorly, shorter than epandrium in lateral view. Left postgonite lobe large and long, broad basally, gradually tapered to narrow apex (Fig. 31). Right postgonite lobe shorter than left lobe, with broad rounded apex (Fig. 32). Phallus tubular, sinuous and narrow, bent upwards. Ejaculatory apodeme apparently keel-like. Hypoproct simple and broad in dorsal view (Fig. 33) left and right sides symmetrical. Cercus subrectangular in dorsal view (Fig. 33), with 3 long setae, left and right cercus symmetrical. Female. Unknown.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This new species is known only from the type locality along Rivère Bleue in the Yaté Commune of the South Province of New Caledonia (Figs 8 – 10).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honour of our colleague, Dr. Bradley J. Sinclair who collected the unique holotype along the margin of Rivère Bleue (Figs 9, 10) using yellow pan traps. Brad’s collecting efforts in Australia and New Caledonia also produced the only known specimens of Chimerothalassius riparius sp. nov. and Microphorella viticula sp. nov.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C8192005EBC3E4909C31AD76.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The holotype of C. sinclairi sp. nov. was collected together with the type series of C. riparius sp. nov. in yellow pan traps placed along the margin of Rivère Bleue.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81C2005EBC3E4EB9C44AC9E.taxon	description	(Fig. 3)	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81C2005EBC3E4EB9C44AC9E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. NEW ZEALAND: North Island, Auckland Region, Takapuna Beach, 36 ° 47 ʹ 06.9 ʺS 174 ° 46 ʹ 31.0 ʺE, 3. iv. 2019, R. J. Le Grice (1 ♀, NZAC, photo).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81C2005EBC3E4EB9C44AC9E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This single female is probably a specimen of C. marshalli sp. nov., based on its postpedicel shape, dark brown palpus, strong dark genal setae, strong mesonotal setae and brownish legs, but the discovery of a male from Takapuna Beach is required to confirm its identity.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81D2004EBC3E2EA9B51A92A.taxon	description	(Fig. 3)	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81D2004EBC3E2EA9B51A92A.taxon	materials_examined	Material. NEW ZEALAND: Three Kings Is., [Great Island,] Castaway camp, Nov. 1970, G. Kuschal, intertidal zone (1 ♀, NZAC).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81D2004EBC3E2EA9B51A92A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. While sorting a loan of NZAC Empidoidea in the early 1990 s, Brad Sinclair (pers. comm., 2022) noted examining a single female parathalassiine specimen, with wing cell dm absent, from the Three Kings Islands (Manawatâwhi). The specimen, provisionally determined as Microphorella, was returned in 1995, but could not be located in the Diptera holdings of the NZAC (D. Ward, pers. comm., 2022). Although examination of the specimen will be required for precise identification, we strongly suspect it belongs to Chimerothalassius, in which case it would represent the most northerly record of the genus in New Zealand (Fig. 3).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81D2004EBC3E0169E57AE84.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Eothalassius platypalpus Shamshev & Grootaert, by original designation.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81D2004EBC3E0169E57AE84.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The genus Eothalassius is distinguished from other parathalassiine genera by the following characters: head with face narrow (less than or about width of anterior ocellus, Fig. 35), gena scarcely projected below eye, antenna with arista-like stylus lengthened (at least 5 X length of postpedicel, Fig. 35), mouthparts directed ventrally with fleshy labellum, palpus broad and flattened (particularly in males) with apex slightly pointed to widely rounded apically (Fig. 35); thorax with prosternum fused to proepisternum forming precoxal bridge, scutellum with 1 pair of strong setae near apex; wing with R 1 short reaching costa before middle of wing (or before base of M 2), crossvein bm-m incomplete, cell dm present (Fig. 36) or if absent without vein dm-m, CuA rounded, cell cua convex apically, anal lobe not developed; male terminalia with right epandrial lamella lacking ventral process, hypoproct projected as pair of non-setose asymmetrical lobes, cerci broad and asymmetrical; female abdomen with apical segments retracted into segment 6 (Fig. 34), terminalia (Figs 37, 38) with syntergite 9 + 10 divided and bearing acanthophorous setae, cercus slender and terminating with long seta.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81D2004EBC3E0169E57AE84.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Species of Eothalassius are known from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, Cyprus and Malta (E. merzi (Gatt )), the Pacific coast of Costa Rica (E. borkenti Cumming & Brooks), the coasts of Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea (E. gracilis Shamshev & Grootaert and E. platypalpus Shamshev & Grootaert) and now the coast of New Caledonia (Eothalassius sp.) (Cumming & Brooks 2019). Shamshev & Grootaert (2005) indicate that the type series of Eothalassius gracilis was collected from littoral and supralittoral zones of sandy coastal beaches, and E. platypalpus was collected along creeks exiting onto sandy coastal beaches. Eothalassius merzi was also collected on sandy coastal beaches (Gatt 2003), whereas E. borkenti was found on rocky seashores (Brooks & Cumming 2011).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81E2006EBC3E4C99CE6A9B6.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Microphorus praecox Loew, 1864, by original designation.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81E2006EBC3E4C99CE6A9B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Australasian Microphorella can be distinguished from other parathalassiines by the following suite of characters: head with face broad (about width of combined antennal bases or wider) (Fig. 41), gena weakly developed to moderately broad, antenna with arista-like stylus not lengthened (about 2 X length of postpedicel) (Figs 40, 51), mouthparts directed ventrally with fleshy labellum, palpus narrowly ovate (Figs 40, 41, 51), or broadly clavate and flattened; thorax with prosternum fused to proepisternum forming precoxal bridge, scutellum with 1 pair of strong setae near apex; wing with vein M 2 and cell dm present (Fig. 52), vein R 1 reaching costa beyond or (rarely) just before base of M 2, cell cua convex apically, vein CuA + CuP short to absent, anal lobe barely developed; male terminalia with right epandrial lamella lacking ventral process, cerci including hypoproct nearly symmetrical and pointed (Figs 44 – 46, 48); female abdomen with apical segments retracted into segment 6, syntergite 9 + 10 divided and bearing acanthophorous setae or acanthophorous spines, cercus narrowly rounded or pointed apically with or without apical setae.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81E2006EBC3E4C99CE6A9B6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Microphorella as currently recognized, is made up of at least 12 species groups worldwide (Cumming & Brooks 2019, 2022). Three of these species groups are known from the Australasian Region and are not closely related (Cumming & Brooks 2019). The three separate groups comprise the M. malaysiana species group with three Southeast Asian species plus M. papuana Shamshev & Grootaert from Irian Jaya, New Guinea (Shamshev & Grootaert 2004), the M. iota species group, with a single species from eastern Australia, and a separate Australian species group that includes two new species described below. Worldwide the genus is known from various riparian and coastal habitats (Cumming & Brooks 2019), with the New Guinean M. papuana restricted to coastal beaches and the Australian species collected along creeks and streams.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 39 – 46) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 33 F 100 B 8 - 3 FC 0 - 4 D 20 - B 1 DB- 0760 FF 53 CB 5 F	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ labelled: “ AUSTRALIA: New South / Wales: Warrumbungle NP, / Buckley’s Crk [ca 31.3083 ° S 149.0009 ° E], 12 – 17. xii. 1995, / M. Sharkey, CNC 707570 ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Microphorella bungle / Brooks & Cumming [red label] ” (ANIC). PARATYPES: AUSTRALIA: same data as holotype except, CNC 707594, CNC 707622, CNC 707624, CNC 707628, CNC 707690, CNC 707798, (6 ♂, ANIC); CNC 707472, CNC 707574, CNC 707849 (3 ♂, CNC)	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of M. bungle sp. nov. are distinguished from the other known Australasian Microphorella by the following combination of features: body and legs dark brown with black setation (Fig. 39); palpus dark and narrowly ovate (Fig. 40); hypopygium (Figs 43 – 45) with phallus relatively short and slender with tip straight and tubular; hypandrium relatively small, slightly wider than epandrial lamellae in lateral view.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 39 – 46): Body length 1.50 – 1.88 mm, wing length 1.42 – 1.72 mm. Head (Figs 40, 41): Dark brown pruinose; about as broad as thorax in dorsal view; ovoid in lateral view (higher than broad); broader than high in anterior view; setae black. Ocellar triangle conspicuous. Occiput weakly concave on upper median part. Eyes covered with short ommatrichia; medial edge of eye lacking distinct emargination adjacent to antenna; ommatidia of uniform size. Frons over 2 X broader than high, widening above. Face broad, about width of combined antennal bases. Face and clypeus concolorous, dark brown. Clypeus not separated from face, slightly broader than high, weakly produced medially. Setae of head well differentiated: 1 pair of inclinate fronto-orbitals well-separated from base of antennae; 1 pair of lateroclinate anterior ocellars; 1 pair of small posterior ocellars; 1 pair of strong inclinate inner verticals (sometimes referred to as postocellars); 2 pairs of lateroclinate outer verticals; postocular setae short and uniserial. Antenna entirely dark brown, inserted above middle of head in profile; scape short, funnel-shaped; pedicel subequal in length to scape, spheroidal with subapical circlet of setulae; postpedicel nearly 2 X longer than wide, bulb-shaped with basal 3 / 4 round and distal 1 / 4 narrow, clothed in fine setulae; arista-like stylus slightly greater than 2 X length of postpedicel, with minute hairs. Palpus dark brown, relatively small, narrowly ovate, about 2 X longer than wide, with 1 long preapical seta. Proboscis brown, short, projecting ventrally. Gena narrow. Thorax (Fig. 42): Dark brown pruinose, setae black. Mesoscutum moderately arched, prescutellar depression present. Proepisternum bare. Postpronotal lobe with minute seta. Mesonotum about as long as wide. Acrostichal setae absent; other thoracic setae well differentiated, each side of mesonotum with: 5 dorsocentrals (posterior seta stronger), 1 presutural supra-alar (posthumeral), 1 weaker postsutural supra-alar near suture (and a few similar sized setae anteriorly), 2 notopleurals, 1 postalar. Scutellum broadly subtriangular with 1 long, strong, posteriorly projected seta per side. Mesopleuron bare. Halter pale brown. Legs (Fig. 39): Dark brown; with mostly short dark setae; tarsomeres 1 – 4 of all legs progressively shorter apically with tarsomere 5 slightly longer than 4; tarsal claws, pulvilli and empodium normally developed on all legs. Foreleg: Coxa with fine setae on anterior surface, apical margin with setae longer; femur, tibia and tarsus subequal in length; tarsomere 1 slightly shorter than combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 5. Midleg: Coxa with lateral seta and several similar setae on apical margin; femur, tibia and tarsus subequal in length; tibia with relatively strong black preapical ventral seta; tarsomere 1 subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 5. Hindleg: Coxa with 2 setae on lateral surface and several similar setae on apical margin; femur subequal in length to tibia; tarsus slightly shorter than tibia; tarsomere 1 slightly shorter than combined length of tarsomeres 2 – 3. Wing (similar to Fig. 52): With brownish tinge, veins dark brown, about 2.5 X longer than wide. Pterostigma absent, membrane entirely covered with minute microtrichia, alula absent. Costa circumambient. Extreme anterior base of costa with strong anterodorsal seta and a few shorter proximal setae. Anterior section of costa (between base and R 2 + 3) with double row of spine-like setae. Posterior section of costa (beyond R 2 + 3) with setae finer and slightly longer. Radial and medial veins complete and reaching wing margin, CuA + CuP (anal vein) faint and short, Sc faint apically. R 1 terminating near midpoint of wing, just beyond M 2. Base of Rs originating opposite humeral crossvein. R 2 + 3 subparallel with R 1 in basal 1 / 3, straight and subparallel with R 4 + 5 in distal part. R 4 + 5 nearly straight. M 1 straight. M 2 and M 4 slightly divergent beyond cell dm. Costal section between M 1 and M 2 longer than costal section between M 2 and M 4. CuA rounded. Short faint r-m crossvein present in basal portion of wing, distal to base of R 4 + 5. Crossvein bm-m incomplete. Cell dm present, closed by base of M 2 and dm-m crossvein, cell extending nearly to middle of wing. Cells br, bm and cua in basal fourth of wing. Cell cua closed, ovoid, partially infuscate. Anal lobe not developed. Calypter with fine setae. Abdomen (Fig. 43): Dark brown with weak black setae; segment 7 bare. Segments 6 – 7 narrowed and laterally compressed to form cavity on right side for hypopygium. Sternite 5 lacking pregenitalic process. Sternite 8 round, with short setae; tergite 8 indistinct. Hypopygium (Figs 43 – 46): Concolorous with abdomen; lateroflexed to right; inverted with posterior end directed anteriorly; small and compact, about 1 / 4 length of abdomen; asymmetrical; foramen not formed. Epandrium divided into left and right lamellae. Left epandrial lamella (Fig. 44) partially overlapping left side of hypandrium, posterior margin trifurcate, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct; ventral epandrial process apparently articulated at base, long and slender with slight upward bend beyond middle, tip flattened. Left surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by shallow U-shaped cleft through which left postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of left surstylus short with 2 apical setae, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of left surstylus slightly longer than dorsal lobe with 3 apical setae. Right epandrial lamella (Fig. 45) partially overlapping right side of hypandrium, ventrally fused with hypandrium but margin distinct, shorter than hypandrium; ventral epandrial process absent. Right surstylus bilobed, dorsal and ventral lobes separated by U-shaped cleft through which right postgonite lobe protrudes. Dorsal lobe of right surstylus short with pair of apical setae and 1 lateral seta of similar size near base, lacking prensiseta. Ventral lobe of right surstylus about 3 X longer than dorsal lobe, with 1 short ventral seta near middle, 2 longer ventral setae beyond middle and 1 short preapical seta. Hypandrium bowl-shaped, slightly longer than epandrium in lateral view, posterior margin not pointed below protruding phallus. Left postgonite Y-shaped, apically bilobate (Fig. 44). Right postgonite lobe broad and mitten-shaped, bilobate with broad rounded apical lobe and thumb-like dorsal lobe (Fig. 45). Phallus tubular, J-shaped, projected dorsally, not extending beyond upper margin of postgonite, tip straight and unmodified. Ejaculatory apodeme keel-like. Hypoproct simple, short with rounded margin, left and right sides slightly asymmetrical. Cercus somewhat broad and globular laterally with short pointed apicolateral process, with several setae medially, left and right cercus asymmetrical. Female. Unknown.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is known only from the type locality of Buckley’s Creek in Warrumbungle National Park, New South Wales, Australia (Fig. 1).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from Warrumbungle after the type locality in Warrumbungle National Park and should be regarded as a noun in apposition.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C81F201BEBC3E0AB9FA3AABA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was collected along Buckley’s Creek. Aside from the difference in phallic structure, the hypopygial morphology of M. bungle sp. nov. is very similar to M. viticula sp. nov. and the species appear closely related.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C802201DEBC3E3A79D43A92B.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 47, 48)	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C802201DEBC3E3A79D43A92B.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ labelled: “ [AUSTRALIA] Mt. Majura [ca 35.2372 ° S 149.1822 ° E], A. C. T. [Australian Capital Territory] / 2 Apr. 1963 / D. H. Colless. ”; “ ANIC 5873 / HOLOTYPE / Microphorella / iota. Colless. [red label] ”; “ ANIC Database No. / 29 029403 ” (ANIC). ALLOTYPE ♀, same locality and date data as holotype (ANIC). PARATYPES: AUSTRALIA: A. C. T., Canberra, Mt. Majura, 29. ix. 1960, D. H. Colless (1 ♂, ANIC); A. C. T. Ginninderra Falls [ca 35.1968 ° S 148.9617 ° E], 28. ii. 1962, D. H. Colless (2 ♀, ANIC). Other material examined. AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Colo Vale [ca 34.4017 ° S 150.4886 ° E], 17. i. 1957, W. W, Wirth (5 ♀, USNM).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C802201DEBC3E3A79D43A92B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of M. iota are distinguished from the other known Australasian Microphorella by the following combination of features: body and legs blackish brown or blackish grey with black setation; palpus dark and narrowly ovate, dorsal surface with club-tipped processes (Colless 1964, fig. 1 d); hypopygium (Figs 47, 48) with phallus relatively short, swollen along midlength, with tip bent back and brush-like; hypandrium large, distinctly wider than epandrial lamellae in lateral view.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C802201DEBC3E3A79D43A92B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. In addition to the two localities in the Australian Capital Territory listed above, Colless (1964) recorded two female paratypes (in the Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia) from Sassafras Gully [ca 33.6992 ° S 150.5711 ° E], Springwood, in the Blue Mountains of New South Wales collected by D. K. McAlpine on 10. i. 1956. We have also seen additional specimens from Colo Vale in New South Wales (Fig. 1).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C802201DEBC3E3A79D43A92B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Until this study, M. iota was the the only described species of Microphorella known from Australia. In their phylogenetic analysis of the Parathalassiinae, Cumming & Brooks (2019), determined that M. iota was not closely related to M. papuana from New Guinea or the two new Australian species of Microphorella described in this paper. Males of M. iota have club-tipped processes on the dorsal surface of the palpus, possess a unique phallus with a modified brush-like apex and have a large hypandrium. Colless (1964) states that specimens of M. iota were all collected by sweeping near streams. The females from Colo Vale differ slightly from the other known specimens by their blackish grey coloration.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 2, 49 – 55) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 4 BCEB 5 C- 323 D- 48 AF-AE 00 - 604896 D 7 A 5 EC	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ labelled: “ AUST: NSW: Blue Mtns. N. P. / Blackheath, Govetts / Leap [ca 33 ° 38 ′ S 150 ° 19 ′ E], 4. iv. 1994 / B. J. Sinclair / ex. dry scler. creek ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Microphorella viticula / Brooks & Cumming [red label] ” (CNC).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of M. viticula sp. nov. are distinguished from the other known Australasian Microphorella by the following combination of features: body and legs dark brown with black setation (Fig. 49); palpus dark and narrowly ovate (Fig. 51); hypopygium (Figs 53 – 55) with phallus greatly elongated, slender and tightly curled; hypandrium relatively small, slightly wider than epandrial lamellae in lateral view.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	description	Description. Male (Fig. 49): Body length 1.32 mm, wing length 1.35 mm. Similar to M. bungle sp. nov. except as follows: Head (Figs 50, 51): 2 pairs of inclinate fronto-orbitals, posterior pair smaller; postocular setae slightly longer and pale brown; postpedicel 2 X longer than wide, with basal half round and distal half narrow; arista-like stylus 1.8 X length of postpedicel. Thorax (Fig. 50). Legs (Fig. 49). Wing (Fig. 52). Abdomen (Figs 49, 53 – 55): Hypopygium (some details not visible on unique undissected holotype): Left ventral epandrial process longer. Ventral lobe of right surstylus apparently short, with a few apical setae. Hypandrium with posterior margin drawn into short pointed tip projecting dorsally and supporting protruding phallus. Ventral part of left postgonite lobe (medial to base of left ventral epandrial process) apparently developed into large flap-like lobe. Phallus greatly elongated, slender and tightly curled. Female. Unknown.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is known only from the type locality of Govetts Leap in Blue Mountains National Park, New South Wales, Australia (Figs 1, 2).	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Latin viticula, meaning tendril, in reference to the long thin curled phallus of the male.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
038D87B8C804201DEBC3E0179D0CAD63.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The single holotype male is stated as having been taken in dry sclerophyl habitat near the creek (Fig. 2), but was likely collected where the trail crosses the stream (B. J. Sinclair, pers. comm., 2022). Aside from the difference in phallic structure, the hypopygial morphology of M. viticula sp. nov. is very similar to M. bungle sp. nov. and the species appear closely related.	en	Brooks, Scott E., Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2022): New Australasian Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato). Zootaxa 5188 (6): 521-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.6.2
