identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B9879C4764FFB9FF3BCE60FEFCF787.text	03B9879C4764FFB9FF3BCE60FEFCF787.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teucrium ekimii Duman 1998	<div><p>Teucrium ekimii Duman (1998: 125)</p> <p>Stem: In stem basal potion, the transition between primary and secondary structures was observed. Stem cross-sections revealed the characteristic four-cornered shape of Lamiaceae. The epidermis consists of a single layer of oblong or oval cells that are fragmented and covered by a thick cuticle layer. There are glandular and non- glandular trichomes on the epidermis. Epidermis cells are 15.77–54.78 × 11.19–20.86 μm in size. Under the epidermis, there are 6–8 rows of parenchymatic cortex. The parenchymatic cells are quadrangular-flat with the size of 15.63–42.23 × 9.30–17.82 μm. The endodermis is conspicuous and consists of a single row of rectangular cells. The endodermis cells are 10.07–19.37 × 4.65–10.87 μm in size. Phloem and xylem are prominent and 2–3 rows of cambium are distinguished between the two. The tracheal elements of protoxylem are larger than those of metaxylem. Tracheal cells of xylem elements are 6.98–87.33 μm in size. Pith rays are composed of 1–2 rows of cells. In the middle part of the stem, there is a pith composed of large parenchymatic cells. The diameter of the parenchyma cells is between 3.10–19.37 μm (Fig. 1B).</p> <p>Leaf: In leaf cross-section, there is an epidermis layer consisting of a single row of oval or oblong cells. Upper epidermis cells are considerably larger than the lower epidermis cells. Upper epidermis cells are 13.52–61.05 × 10.14– 42.80 μm and lower epidermis cells are 3.38–24.56 × 3.38–11.22 μm in size. Both epidermis layers are covered with cuticle. There are glandular and non-glandular trichomes in both surface of the leaf blade, but trichome density is higher in the lower epidermis. Leaves are dorsiventral (bifacial). There is a palisade parenchyma consisting of 2–3 layers under the upper epidermis. Palisade parenchyma cells are cylindrical. Palisade parenchyma cells are 3.26–12.12 × 13.98–27.03 μm in size. The portion of the mesophyll occupied by the palisade parenchyma is 51–67%. Below the palisade parenchyma, there is a sponge parenchyma consisting of 3-4 rows of ovoid or circular cells. Sponge parenchyma cells are 4.55–16.78 μm in diameter. The mesophyll tissue is 87.41–139.10 µm thick. Both parenchyma cells contain starch grains (Fig. 1C).</p> <p>Leaves are amphistomatic as stomata are observed on both surfaces. However, number of stomata on the upper surface is less than the lower surface. The stomatal index is 21.49 on the upper surface and 24.13 on the lower surface. The stoma index ratio was calculated as 0.89. The walls of the epidermis cells are undulated.</p> <p>Midrib: The midrib shape is circular. This has 1–2 rows of collenchyma and 3–4 rows of parenchyma under the lower epidermis. Collenchyma cells are 12.67–26.05 × 14.21–25.35 μm in size. The vascular bundles are collateral and surrounded by single layer parenchymatic bundle sheath and the cells are 5.61–34.38 × 4.51–25.96 μm in size. The xylem is located on the adaxial side and the phloem is on the abaxial side. Below the phloem are the sclerenchymatic elements. The xylem tissue is well-developed and the tracheal elements are oval and hexagonal. Phloem tissue is not very dense and consists of small cells (Fig. 1D).</p> <p>Pollen: Pollen grains of Teucrium ekimii are radially symmetrical, isopolar and tricolpate. Pollen shape is prolate, medium sized, polar axis is 32.96±3.50 μm and equatorial axis is 21.30±2.80 μm long. AMB is circular, ornamentation is microverrucate-perforate. Colpus elongated 20.54±2.35 μm. Exine is 1.71±0.29 μm and intine is 1.06±0.17 μm long (Fig. 4, Table 3).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9879C4764FFB9FF3BCE60FEFCF787	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Atasagun, Bayram	Atasagun, Bayram (2022): Anatomical and palynological comparison of three endemic species of Teucrium sect. Teucrium of Turkey. Phytotaxa 566 (3): 251-267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.1
03B9879C4761FFBFFF3BCF9BFEFCF9F9.text	03B9879C4761FFBFFF3BCF9BFEFCF9F9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teucrium pestalozzae Boissier 1853	<div><p>Teucrium pestalozzae Boissier (1853: 90)</p> <p>Stem: In the cross section of the stem, there is a single layered epidermis composed of rectangular cells in the outermost part. The epidermis cells are 6.98–26.56 × 4.65–14.06 μm in size. There is a thin cuticle layer on the epidermis. The cuticle thickness is between 2.34–7.81 μm. Glandular and non-glandular trichomes are localized on the epidermis. The cortex layer, which consists of 6–7 rows of oval parenchymatic cells, is located under the epidermis layer. Cortex cells are 9.38–29.68 × 5.47–25.00 μm in size. There are starch grains inside the parenchyma cells. The endodermis is composed of a single layer, quadrangular, flat and oval cells. The endodermis cells are 8.59–19.53 × 6.20–17.05 μm in size. Phloem and xylem elements can be distinguished in vascular tissue and xylem elements are well-developed. Tracheal cells are 2.33–20.93 μm in diameter. Between the phloem and the xylem, there are 1–2 rows of cambium. The pith rays are composed of a single row of cells. In the middle, there is a pith region composed of circular parenchymatic cells. The thickness of the parenchyma cells is between 4.69–41.86 μm (Fig. 2B).</p> <p>Leaf: The outermost protective tissue is the epidermis layer, which consists of a single row of rectangular cells. The epidermis cells are surrounded by a thick cuticle layer. Lower epidermis cells are smaller than upper epidermis cells. The lower epidermis cells are 7.04–24.64 × 4.93–15.49 μm and the upper epidermis cells are 13.38–64.78 × 10.56–39.43 μm in size. There are glandular and non-glandular trichomes on both epidermis. However, this number is higher in the lower epidermis. Leaves are bifacial. Under the upper epidermis, there are 2–3 rows of palisade parenchyma composed of cylindrical cells. The palisade parenchyma cells are 4.51–11.83 × 20.84–42.81 μm in size. Palisade parenchyma covers 43–77 % of the mesophyll layer. Under the palisade parenchyma, there are 2–3 rows of sponge parenchyma with more intercellular spaces. Sponge parenchyma cells are 8.45–22.53 μm in diameter. The mesophyll tissue is 105.6–209.10 µm thick. Both parenchyma tissues contain starch grains (Fig. 2C).</p> <p>Leaves are hypostomatic as stomata are observed only on the lower surface. The stomatal index on the lower leaf surface is 23.69. The walls of the epidermis cells are undulate.</p> <p>Midrib: The midrib shape is orbicular. There is collenchyma under both epidermis in the middle vein region. While the collenchyma layer under the upper epidermis has 2–3 rows, the collenchyma layer under the lower epidermis has 3–4 rows. The collenchyma cells are 8.45–23.94 × 6.34–16.41 μm in size. The vascular bundles are of collateral type and are surrounded by a single row of regularly arranged bundle sheaths. The bundle sheath cells are 6.44–32.19 × 7.24–24.14 μm in size. The xylem facing the upper epidermis and the phloem facing the lower epidermis are found in the vascular bundle. Under the phloem, there is a sclerenchymatic tissue (Fig. 2D).</p> <p>Pollen: Pollen grains of Teucrium pestalozzae are radially symmetrical, isopolar and tricolpate. Pollen shape is prolate, medium sized, polar axis is 28.95±2.28 μm and equatorial axis is 20.01±1.69 μm long. AMB is semi-circular, ornamentation is verrucate. Colpus elongated 19.48±2.21 μm. Exine is 1.94±0.43 μm and intine is 1.14±0.3 μm long (Fig. 5, Table 3).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9879C4761FFBFFF3BCF9BFEFCF9F9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Atasagun, Bayram	Atasagun, Bayram (2022): Anatomical and palynological comparison of three endemic species of Teucrium sect. Teucrium of Turkey. Phytotaxa 566 (3): 251-267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.1
03B9879C4760FFBCFF3BCDD5FEC3F853.text	03B9879C4760FFBCFF3BCDD5FEC3F853.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teucrium semrae Aksoy et al. 2020	<div><p>Teucrium semrae Aksoy et al. (2020: 326)</p> <p>Stem: In the cross section of the stem, there is a thick cuticle layer in the outermost part. Beneath, there is an epidermis layer, which consists of single-row, rectangular and oval cells as a protective tissue. The epidermis cells are 6.20–24.03 × 3.10–11.62 μm in size. There are non-glandular and glandular trichomes on the epidermis. Just under the epidermis, there is a 6–8 layered cortex layer that occupies a narrow space. The cortex parenchyma cells are 6.98–31.00 × 6.20– 36.43 μm in size. The endodermis layer is composed of a single row of rectangular cells with a size of 10.07–35.65 × 5.43–16.27 μm. Between the phloem and the xylem, there is the cambium made up of several rows of flat cells. In the xylem, there are localized sclerenchyma elements between the trachea and the tracheids. Tracheal cells are 2.33–19.37 μm in diameter. The pith rays are in a single row and the innermost pith is composed of parenchymatic cells. The diameter of the parenchyma cells in the pith region is between 6.98–30.23 μm (Fig. 3B).</p> <p>Leaf: In the cross section of the leaf; there is an epidermis layer consisting of a single row, regularly arranged and rectangular cells on the lower and upper parts. Above the epidermis layer, there is the cuticle layer. Upper epidermis cells are considerably larger than the lower epidermis cells. The upper epidermis cells are 7.75–39.71 × 9.15–22.69 μm and the lower epidermis cells are 3.52–13.38 × 3.52–10.56 μm in size. Trichomes are found on the leaf surface and lower part. The leaf is bifacial (dorsiventral) and under the upper epidermis, there is a double-rowed palisade parenchyma containing abundant chloroplasts. The palisade parenchyma cells are 4.69–12.20 × 14.55–29.57 μm in size. Under the palisade parenchyma, there is a 2-row sponge parenchyma with wide spaces. Sponge parenchyma cells are 9.22–27.65 μm in diameter. Palisade parenchyma covers 53.4–66.7% of mesophyll tissue. The mesophyll tissue is 83.09–265.90 µm thick. Starch grains are present in both parenchyma tissues (Fig. 3C).</p> <p>Leaves are hypostomatic as stomata are observed only on the lower surface. The stomatal index on the lower leaf surface is 21.50. The walls of the epidermis cells are undulate.</p> <p>Midrib: The midrib shape is rectangular. The vascular bundle in the midrib is larger than the others. There are crystals in the tissue under the upper epidermis. Collenchyma under both epidermis layers has 2–3 rows. The collenchyma cells are 7.04–23.23 × 6.34–21.12 μm in size. There is a bundle sheath consisting of a single row of parenchymatic cells localized around the vascular bundle. The bundle sheath cells are 4.23–35.21 × 3.52–15.49 μm in size. Vascular bundle is collateral type, xylem and phloem are clearly distinguished. The xylem is located on the adaxial side and the phloem is located on the abaxial side (Fig. 3D).</p> <p>Pollen: Pollen grains of Teucrium semrae are radially symmetrical, isopolar and tricolpate. Pollen shape is prolate, medium sized, polar axis is 40.95±3.47 μm and equatorial axis is 24.49±2.69 μm long. AMB is semi-circular, ornamentation is microverrucate. Colpus elongated 28.08±2.67 μm. Exine is 1.85±0.36 μm and intine is 1.09±0.18 μm long (Fig. 6, Table 3).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9879C4760FFBCFF3BCDD5FEC3F853	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Atasagun, Bayram	Atasagun, Bayram (2022): Anatomical and palynological comparison of three endemic species of Teucrium sect. Teucrium of Turkey. Phytotaxa 566 (3): 251-267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.1
