identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5D035104FFD2FFD2BFBAEA3BEB83844D.text	5D035104FFD2FFD2BFBAEA3BEB83844D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactus Shuckard 1837	<div><p>Genus Harpactus Shuckard, 1837</p> <p>Arpactus Jurine, 1807: 192, junior homonym of Arpactus Panzer, 1805, and of Arpactus Panzer, 1806 (both junior synonyms of Gorytes Latreille, 1804).</p> <p>Type species: Arpactus formosus Jurine, 1807, designated by Shuckard 1837: 220.</p> <p>Harpactus Shuckard 1837: 221. Emendation of Arpactus Jurine, 107 on linguistic grounds, thus an available new name, with its own date and author (Articles 19 and 33.2). Since Harpactus is an emendation, it has the same type-species as Arpactus Jurine (Article 67.8).</p> <p>Harpactes Dahlbom 1843: 147, junior homonym of Harpactes Swainson, 1837 (Aves), and of Harpactes Templeton, 1834 (Arachnida). Emendation of Harpactus Shuckard.</p> <p>Dienoplus W.J. Fox 1894: 548.</p> <p>Type species: Dienoplus pictifrons Fox, 1894, by monotypy.</p> <p>Key to Harpactus species of India and adjacent territories</p> <p>1. Head and mesosoma without distinct punctures............................................................. 2</p> <p>- Head, mesosoma, [and T2] distinctly foveolate-punctate, with scattered foveae. [Kashmir].......... H. pulawskii sp. nov.</p> <p>2. Propodeum with oblique and irregular striae................................................................ 3</p> <p>- Propodeum with distinct coarse, longitudinal striae [Pakistan].................................. H. vividus (Turner)</p> <p>3. Fore wing with fuscous patch in radial and cubital cells; propodeal enclosure red. [Northern India; Myanmar]................................................................................................. H. ornatus (Smith)</p> <p>- Fore wing usually without fuscous patch in radial and cubital cells; propodeal enclosure black. [Oriental India].............................................................................................. H. impudens (Nurse)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D035104FFD2FFD2BFBAEA3BEB83844D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Binoy, C.;Kumar, P. Girish;Monks, Joseph;Sheikh, Altaf Hussain	Binoy, C., Kumar, P. Girish, Monks, Joseph, Sheikh, Altaf Hussain (2022): A review of digger wasp genus Harpactus Shuckard, 1837 (Hymenoptera Crabronidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species and rediscovery of Harpactus impudens (Nurse, 1903). Zootaxa 5190 (4): 531-542, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.3
5D035104FFD1FFD5BFBAEECFEA3482D4.text	5D035104FFD1FFD5BFBAEECFEA3482D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactus impudens (Nurse 1903) Binoy & Kumar & Monks & Sheikh 2022	<div><p>Harpactus impudens (Nurse, 1903)</p> <p>Figures 1–17</p> <p>Gorytes impudens Nurse, 1903: 15, Holotype ♂, India: Rajasthan: Mount Abu (NHMUK).</p> <p>Dienoplus impudens (Nurse), new combination by Bohart &amp; Menke 1976: 508.</p> <p>Harpactus impudens (Nurse), new combination by Pulawski 1985: 59–60.</p> <p>Type material (Images): Holotype ♂ (Figs 1–4), India: Rajasthan, —“Abu Col[onel]. C. G. Nurse Collection. 1920–72, B.M. Type Hym. 21.1,498 (NHMUK) NHMUK012858524 —”.</p> <p>Additional materials examined: 2 ♂ &amp; 2 ♀, India: Kerala, Wayanad, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=76.37539&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.644055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 76.37539/lat 11.644055)">Muthanga Forest</a> range (11°38′38.6″N 76°22′31.4″E, alt. 919 m), 7.ii.2021, P. Girish Kumar collector, (ZSIK) Regd. Nos. ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV.17647– 17650.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Propodeal enclosure black; clypeus apico-medially emarginate; fore wing subhyaline, without apical infumation; fore and mid coxae and femora with ivory streaks ventroapically; metasoma black with white oval spots on T1 and T2; T1 smooth, impunctate; T2 with scattered large punctures and sparse micropunctures.</p> <p>Description. Female (hitherto unknown) (Figs 5–12). Body length 6.7 mm; fore wing length 4.1 mm.</p> <p>Colour. Head black with the following yellow: labrum, lower two third of frons (except in middle), clypeus (except large medial brown-black patch), antennal scape ventrally, small medial patch on outer mandibular surface (base black, remainder red-brown), and small mark behind eye. Mesosoma reddish brown (except ventrally black) with sclerites separated by black margin; propodeal enclosure black (Fig. 8); legs brown-black with yellow spot; fore coxa ventrally with yellow patch, and mid and hind coxae reddish brown ventrally with apical ivory-yellow patch; fore and mid femora reddish brown to black with pale ivory-yellow to white spot on apico-ventral margin; fore and mid tibiae brownish black; hind coxa and femur brownish black; hind tibia brownish black with baso-dorsal surface with trace of pale yellow spot; all tarsi brown with terminal tarsomeres black; wings subhyaline with dark brown venation (Fig. 17); metasoma black with yellow patches as follows: T1 with two oval sublateral patches; T2 with an apical band along posterior margin joining two sublateral oval spots; T5 mostly pale yellow (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Pubescence. Head with moderately dense white setae along yellow patches, remainder of face with moderate pubescence, setae white, except slightly yellow on upper frons; pedicel, flagellum, maxillary and labial palpi, pronotal lobe, tegula, both wing surfaces and tarsi of all legs with short appressed to semi-erect pubescence; pubescence around vertex and gena dense, white; clypeus with white pubescence arising from punctures and few long brown setae arising from foveae; spine-like thick setae present on labrum and mandible; pronotum and lateral side of mesoscutum with white setae, medially with moderately dense brown setae; propodeum with long, white setae apically; legs moderately pubescent both on outer and inner sides; metasoma moderately pubescent, with white setae on T2 on oval spot, remainder with brown setae; T3 and T4 moderately pubescent with thick brown setae; T5 mostly with sparse white pubescence; T6 with white-brown pubescence.</p> <p>Head. Head in frontal view rounded, wider than high (IH= 0.75), inner orbits subsinuate (Fig. 7); gena wide (Fig. 6); occipital carina separated from eye margin at vertex by 2.0 × OD; labrum rounded at free margin; clypeus broad (IC= 0.3), with clypeal disc evenly convex, apico-medially emarginate, uneven, with discernible setigerous punctation and setigerous foveae; clypeal lamella broad, pale to semi-translucent brown; mandible slender, evenly curved, inner tooth triangular; frons shiny, distinctly micropunctate and with scattered large punctures; vertex, ocellar area and gena shiny, sculpture similar as on frons, relatively sparser; OOD = 0.82× OD, 0.49× POD (Fig. 5); scape twice as long as wide; flagellomeres longer than broad.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum and mesoscutum shiny, with setigerous micropunctures and thick setae; anterior margin of scutellum with row of foveae; scutellum, metanotum and mesopleuron shiny with scattered micropunctures; scrobal sulcus distinct; metapleuron shiny, unevenly sculptured, virtually impunctate; propodeal enclosure distinctly rugose, distinct median furrow present, most of remaining area slightly rugose (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 smooth, shiny, with sparse micropunctures, few scattered large punctures laterally; T2 minutely alutaceous with scattered large punctures; large punctures 2–3 diameters apart; T3–T4 uniformly and finely rugosepunctate with dense pubescence throughout; T6 with scattered oblong punctures at apex; pygidial plate broadly triangular, with sharp lateral carina (Fig. 11); sterna finely alutaceous with scattered large setigerous punctures; S2 with punctures concentrated baso-dorsally, sparse posteriorly; S3–S6 with similar base sculpture and scattered punctures (Fig. 12).</p> <p>Redescription. Male (Figs 1–4, 13–17). Body length 6.0 mm; fore wing length 4.0 mm.</p> <p>Colour. Head black with labrum, clypeus, lower two third of frons (except in middle), scape ventrally and basal two thirds of outer mandibular surface (remainder reddish brown) yellow; antenna brownish black, reddish brown ventrally, more prominent on F8 to terminal flagellomere; remainder as in female.</p> <p>Head. Head in frontal view slightly broader than high (IH = 0.75), inner orbits almost parallel, slightly sinuate dorsally (Fig. 14). Gena moderately wide; occipital carina separated from eye margin at vertex by 1.7 × OD, ocular width about 1.3 × as malar space in lateral view; labrum with free margin rounded; clypeus less broad than in female (IC = 0.55), with disc moderately and evenly convex mesally, shiny,hardly rugulose, its free margin evenly emarginate; clypeal lamella broad (0.3× OD), translucent; mandible evenly curved, inner tooth distinctly small, blunt; supraantennal sclerite shiny, uniformly micropunctate over shiny background; punctures one diameter apart (Fig. 14); few scattered larger punctures, puncture diameter 0.16 × OD; vertex, ocellar area and gena shiny, with setigerous micropunctures and few larger punctures as on frons; OOD 0.8 × OD, 0.6 × POD (Fig. 13); scape robust, 1.68 × as long as wide; flagellomeres I–VII stout, flagellomere VIII onwards enlarged; IF 1 –IF 11 = 3.8: 2.7: 2.3: 2.1: 1.7: 2.1: 1.5: 3.4: 2.5: 3.0: 4.2; ventral surface of flagellomeres VIII-XI finely excavated, excavation deepest in flagellomere VIII (Fig. 16).</p> <p>Mesosoma. Sculpture and colour as in female (Fig. 15).</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 smooth, shiny, with sparse micropunctures, few scattered large punctures laterally; T2 with dense micropunctures and scattered large punctures; large punctures 2–3 diameters apart; T3–T4 uniformly micropunctate throughout; sculpture on rest of terga hidden under thick pubescence; sterna sculptured like terga.</p> <p>Variation. In the specimens from southern India the legs, mesosoma and antenna ventrally are much darker than in the holotype from Mount Abu (Rajasthan). The patches on hind tibia are much more pronounced in the holotype while weakly represented (and even absent in some specimens) in the south Indian form. These differences, however, can be considered intraspecific variations given the species distribution.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D035104FFD1FFD5BFBAEECFEA3482D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Binoy, C.;Kumar, P. Girish;Monks, Joseph;Sheikh, Altaf Hussain	Binoy, C., Kumar, P. Girish, Monks, Joseph, Sheikh, Altaf Hussain (2022): A review of digger wasp genus Harpactus Shuckard, 1837 (Hymenoptera Crabronidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species and rediscovery of Harpactus impudens (Nurse, 1903). Zootaxa 5190 (4): 531-542, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.3
5D035104FFD5FFD5BFBAEF83EC918777.text	5D035104FFD5FFD5BFBAEF83EC918777.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactus ornatus F. Smith 1856	<div><p>Harpactus ornatus F. Smith, 1856</p> <p>Figures 18–20</p> <p>Harpactus ornatus F. Smith 1856: 371. Holotype or syntypes ♀, northern India: no specific locality (NHMUK).</p> <p>Gorytes ornatus (F. Smith), new combination by Pulawski 1985: 59–60.</p> <p>Type material (Images): Holotype ♂ / ♀? (Figs 18–19), “ — Ind.(ia), pres.[ented] by Mrs. Farren White, Smith coll., 99-303, B.M. Type Hym. 21.1,495 (NHMUK) NHMUK 012859084 —” gaster missing.</p> <p>Diagnosis (from literature and partly from images). Brown with following parts of varying colour: ocellar enclosure brown-black; legs dark brown except mid and hind coxae black basally and ivory ventrally; wings light fusco-hyaline, marginal and submarginal cells shaded with fuscous; T1 apically with two semi-circular patches meeting medially; T2 with a wide bisinuate transverse band on apical margin; apical half of T5 yellowish white. Head shiny, almost impunctate, with moderately dense adpressed setae; POD 2.5× OOD; clypeus convex, widely emarginate mesally; pro- and mesothorax sparsely punctate, punctation obsolete under moderately dense setae; propodeal enclosure rugose, medial furrow with carinate margin in anterior two-thirds, obsolete beyond; mid and hind tibiae with numerous spines; hind tibia with long spur at apex. Gaster almost fusiform, slightly punctured, punctures on T2 sparse, closer on T3 and T4.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D035104FFD5FFD5BFBAEF83EC918777	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Binoy, C.;Kumar, P. Girish;Monks, Joseph;Sheikh, Altaf Hussain	Binoy, C., Kumar, P. Girish, Monks, Joseph, Sheikh, Altaf Hussain (2022): A review of digger wasp genus Harpactus Shuckard, 1837 (Hymenoptera Crabronidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species and rediscovery of Harpactus impudens (Nurse, 1903). Zootaxa 5190 (4): 531-542, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.3
5D035104FFD5FFD4BFBAE97BEA8E8480.text	5D035104FFD5FFD4BFBAE97BEA8E8480.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactus pulawskii Binoy & Girish Kumar 2022	<div><p>Harpactus pulawskii Binoy &amp; Girish Kumar, sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 21–30</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 529C3DEB-7825-4528-BA7B-CE164BEBE32C</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀. India: Jammu &amp; Kashmir, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.975136&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.79614" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.975136/lat 33.79614)">Shopian district</a>, Heff (33°47′46.1″N 74°58′30.5″E, alt. 1629 m), 26.viii.2021, A. H. Sheikh collector, (ZSIK) Regd. No. ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV.20976.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Propodeal enclosure black; clypeus apico-medially almost straight; fore wing brown-black; head, mesosoma, and T2 distinctly foveolate- punctate, with scattered foveae; remaining terga densely punctate; metasoma tricoloured: red-brown, ivory, and brown-black, T1 sub-sessile, immaculate, impunctate; T2 with ivory oval spots laterally, connected by transverse ivory white band along apical margin; T3 immaculate brown-black, a narrow faint yellow-brown band along apical margin; T5 ivory white with anterior margin brown-black.</p> <p>Description. Female. (Figs 21–30). Body length 6.1 mm; fore wing length 3.6 mm.</p> <p>Colour. Head red-brown with ocellar triangle and upper frons black; inner eye margin at level of frons ivoryyellow; clypeus yellow brown; mandible yellow-brown with apex red-brown to black; scape brown-black, yellowbrown ventrally. Mesosoma mostly red-brown (except brown-black ventrally), pronotum pale; propodeum redbrown except enclosure black (Fig. 26); legs red-brown with black patch on hind femur; coxae with yellow streaks ventrally; wings brown with dark brown-black venation (Fig. 28); metasoma tricoloured: T1 red-brown with apical margin dark; T2 red-brown with two ivory spots on dorsolaterally on apical margin, the spots connected medially by narrow ivory band; T3 and T4 brown-black, immaculate; T5 ivory white, brown-black near anterior margin.</p> <p>Pubescence. Head with moderately dense golden setae beyond ocellar triangle, white along inner eye margin on ivory-yellow patches and on clypeus; scape and pedicel with slightly longer white setae compared to adpressed setae on flagellum; gena with moderately dense white setae; pronotum (neck, collar and lobe) densely pubescent with yellow-brown setae; mesoscutum with moderately dense, short brown setae arising from punctures; setae from foveae longer than those from punctures; pronotal lobe, tegula, both wing surfaces and tarsi of all legs with short appressed to semi-erect brown pubescence; propodeum with long white setae lateroapically; legs with moderate adpressed pubescence both on outer and inner sides; T3 and T4 with moderately dense brown pubescence arising from punctures; pubescence on ivory spots on T5 white.</p> <p>Head. Head in frontal view rounded, wider than high (IH= 0.77), inner orbits subsinuate (Fig. 23); gena wide (Fig. 24), finely foveolate-punctate; occipital carina separated from hind ocellus at vertex by 1.4 × OD; labrum free margin truncate; clypeus broad (IC= 0.36), with disc evenly convex, apico-medially very slightly emarginate, with discernible setigerous punctuation along dorsal margin; clypeal lamella broad, pale brown; mandible evenly curved, inner tooth triangular; frons shiny, with short carina medially, distinctly foveolate-punctate; gena with similar sculpture, foveae scattered; OOD = 0.67 × OD, 0.45 × POD (Fig. 22); scape twice as long as wide; flagellomeres longer than broad.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum and mesoscutum shiny, with dense setigerous micropunctures and scattered round setigerous foveae; anterior margin of mesoscutum with buttressing ridges; anterior margin of scutellum with row of 9–10 foveae; scutellum with dense micropunctures and scattered round foveae; metanotum foveate (Fig. 26); mesopleuron shiny, rugose punctate, densely pubescent; scrobal sulcus distinct; metapleuron shiny, unevenly sculptured, practically impunctate (Fig. 25); propodeum distinctly rugose, distinct median furrow present (Fig. 27).</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 shiny, with sparse micropunctures; T2 micropunctate with scattered large punctures; remaining terga densely micropunctate (Fig. 29); acutely triangular pygidial plate outlined by sharp lateral carina; sterna similarly sculptured as terga (Fig. 30).</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. India (Jammu &amp; Kashmir).</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named in honour of Dr Wojciech Jerzy Pulawski, Curator Emeritus of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, for his relentless effort in updating and archiving literature in The Catalog of Sphecidae since 2003.</p> <p>Comparison with related species. H. pulawskii sp. nov. resembles H. impudens (Nurse) in having the propodeal enclosure black, rugose, with distinct median furrow running posteriorly onto the remaining propodeum and in having the inner eye margin with a pale ivory-yellow patch. It differs from H. impudens (Nurse) in having T1 red-brown, immaculate (T1 black with two oval sublateral patches in H. impudens); T2 red-brown with numerous close foveae (T2 black with well separated fewer foveae in H. impudens); fore and mid femora and tibiae red-brown without any ivory-yellow patches (fore and mid femora and tibiae red-brown to black with pale ivory-yellow to white spot on apico-ventral margin in H. impudens); head and mesosoma distinctly foveolate-punctate (head and mesosoma without distinct foveae in H. impudens). H. pulawskii sp. nov. resembles H. vividus (Turner) in having T1 immaculate, but differs in having the propodeal enclosure clearly delimited (enclosure indistinguishable from remaining propodeum in H. vividus); propodeum red-brown (propodeum black in H. vividus); head and mesosoma distinctly foveolate-punctate (head and mesosoma shiny without any foveae in H. vividus).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D035104FFD5FFD4BFBAE97BEA8E8480	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Binoy, C.;Kumar, P. Girish;Monks, Joseph;Sheikh, Altaf Hussain	Binoy, C., Kumar, P. Girish, Monks, Joseph, Sheikh, Altaf Hussain (2022): A review of digger wasp genus Harpactus Shuckard, 1837 (Hymenoptera Crabronidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species and rediscovery of Harpactus impudens (Nurse, 1903). Zootaxa 5190 (4): 531-542, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.3
5D035104FFDAFFD9BFBAEECFECC48240.text	5D035104FFDAFFD9BFBAEECFECC48240.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactus vividus (Turner 1917)	<div><p>Harpactus vividus (Turner, 1917)</p> <p>Figures 31–35</p> <p>Arpactus vividus Turner 1917: 183. Holotype: ♂, Pakistan: Punjab, Lahore (NHMUK).</p> <p>Dienoplus vividus (Turner), new combination by Bohart &amp; Menke 1976: 496.</p> <p>Harpactus vividus, new combination by Pulawski 1985: 59–60.</p> <p>Type material (Images): Holotype ♂ (Figs 30–33), Pakistan “— Punjab, Lahore. Leg. G.R. Dutt, 19.iv.(19)08, B.M. Type Hym. 21.1,497, 1915/323 (NHMUK) NHMUK 012859083 —”</p> <p>Diagnosis (from literature and partly from images). Brown-black with following varyingly coloured parts: pronotum and mesoscutum red-brown; antenna and legs yellow-brown; inner eye margin and clypeus yellow; propodeum entirely black; lateral spot on T2 yellow. Eyes very slightly convergent towards clypeus; head shiny, minutely and sparsely punctate. Mesosoma shiny, with few fine scattered punctures, scutellum with anterior margin crenulate; mesopleuron smooth, sparsely punctate. Propodeal enclosure well defined and coarsely longitudinally striate, remaining propodeum coarsely, irregularly obliquely striate. T1 short and broad, smooth, shiny, immaculate; T2 smooth, finely and sparsely punctate, with oval ivory patch laterally; remaining segments closely and minutely punctate, immaculate.</p> <p>Distribution. Pakistan (Lahore) (Turner 1917).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D035104FFDAFFD9BFBAEECFECC48240	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Binoy, C.;Kumar, P. Girish;Monks, Joseph;Sheikh, Altaf Hussain	Binoy, C., Kumar, P. Girish, Monks, Joseph, Sheikh, Altaf Hussain (2022): A review of digger wasp genus Harpactus Shuckard, 1837 (Hymenoptera Crabronidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species and rediscovery of Harpactus impudens (Nurse, 1903). Zootaxa 5190 (4): 531-542, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.3
