identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
457787EFFF8CFF8DD4F5FB57FC8EC639.text	457787EFFF8CFF8DD4F5FB57FC8EC639.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis Girault 1913	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis Girault, 1913</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis Girault, 1913: 149.</p> <p>Type species Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis Girault, by original designation and monotypy.</p> <p>Cotterellia Waterston, 1925: 388.</p> <p>Type species Cotterellia podagrica Waterston, by monotypy. Synonymized by Bouček, 1988: 710.</p> <p>Atullya Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988: 191–192.</p> <p>Type species Atullya femorata Surekha &amp; Narendran, by original designation. Synonymized by Gumovsky, 2007: 11.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Vertex and eyes setose. Upper face with a transverse frontal carina (e.g. Fig. 8a), reaching from eye to eye or not close to eyes, straight or sinuate; frontovertex usually with, occasionally without, a median groove below anterior ocellus (Figs 3c, 8a). Head with a postorbital groove delimited by a postorbital carina along posterodorsal margin of eye (e.g. Fig. 2e). Occiput with transoccipital ridge (e.g. Figs 6d, 11a). Pronotum with collar more or less delimited by a carina along anterior margin, with distinct shoulders, and covered with dense setae (e.g. Fig. 2b). Shoulders of mesoscutum distinct; LLM with a round fovea behind pronotal collar (e.g. Figs 8b, 10b, 12c). Scutellum often with distinct sublateral grooves generally expressed as row of punctures (e.g. Fig. 2b). Dorsellum with lateral up-turned tooth strong and distinct, best visible in lateral view (e.g. Figs 2c, 7e). Propodeum with strong and complete plicae and with a strong and complete median carina (e.g. Fig. 2c). Callus usually with numerous setae (e.g. Fig. 2c). Female petiole transverse (e.g. Fig. 2c). Female gaster with at least tergites Gt 4 –Gt 7 piliferouspunctate (e.g. Fig. 2f); female Gt 1 with a distinct median groove in anterior inclined part, and with a rounded, eyelike patch on each side close to base (e.g. Fig. 8c).</p> <p>Remarks. The diagnostic characters given above are mainly based on females, though the above generic diagnosis usually also applies to males. However, in addition to their smaller body size males often differ from conspecific females because the typically diagnostic characters are reduced and indistinct in several aspects as follows. Flagellum: funiculars usually with long setae and stalked apically (e.g. Figs 2i, 3f). Frontal carina: not as strong as in females because face usually not, or weakly, depressed below frontal carina. Dorsellum: usually less sculptured; lateral up-turned tooth reduced, indistinct. Petiole: longer. Gaster: much shorter and narrower than mesosoma; gastral tergites never piliferous-punctate; Gt 1 without inclined part and median groove anteriorly, without eye-like patches at base. In addition, males can also differ from conspecific females in the following characters. Vertex and eyes: vertex much more transverse and hence ocelli usually in an obtuse-angled triangle; vertex and eyes less setose. Fore wing: usually hyaline, not infuscate.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF8CFF8DD4F5FB57FC8EC639	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF8BFF8DD4F5FE6CFA3EC130.text	457787EFFF8BFF8DD4F5FE6CFA3EC130.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis Girault 1913	<div><p>Key to genera allied to Pleurotroppopsis Girault</p> <p>1 Pronotum and mesoscutum with distinct shoulders (e.g. Fig. 8b); propodeal spiracle elongate (e.g. Fig. 2c); callus of propodeum with numerous setae scattered over almost entire surface (e.g. Fig. 2c) or at least more than 4 setae (e.g. fig. 1C in Gumovsky 2007); femora metallic or dark brown..................................................................... 2</p> <p>- Pronotum and mesoscutum without distinct shoulders; propodeal spiracle round; callus of propodeum usually with 2 or 3 setae (sometimes more, but never setose over entire surface); femora pale yellow or whitish.............................. 4</p> <p>2(1) Propodeum with a median groove delimited by 2 subparallel fine carinae, without plicae (e.g. fig. 1C in Gumovsky 2007); propodeum with grooves along anterior margin beside submedian carinae (e.g. fig. 1B in Gumovsky 2007); transoccipital ridge absent (e.g. fig. 1A in Gumovsky 2007); tibiae whitish.................................... Afrotroppopsis Gumovsky</p> <p>- Propodeum without a median groove, but with a median carina and plicae (e.g. Fig. 8b); submedian areas without grooves along anterior margin (e.g. Fig. 8b); transoccipital ridge present (e.g. Fig. 4b); tibiae usually metallic or brown, occasionally with metatibia whitish..................................................................................... 3</p> <p>3(2) Frontal carina present (e.g. Fig. 8a); Gt1 anterolaterally with an eye-like patch at each side (females only) (e.g. Figs 8c, 12d); propodeum with spiracular areas not depressed anteriorly and with a spiracular area narrower than a submedian area (e.g. Fig. 8b); posterior transverse margin of propodeal submedian areas well delimited from plicae (e.g. Figs 8b, 9b).............................................................................................. Pleurotroppopsis Girault</p> <p>- Frontal carina absent; Gt 1 without eye-like patch; propodeum with spiracular areas with anterior depression and with a spiracular area larger than a submedian area; posterior transverse carina of propodeal submedian areas not well delimited from plicae................................................................................... Parahorismenus Girault</p> <p>4(1) Scutellum with a distinct longitudinal median groove along most of its length..................................... 5</p> <p>- Scutellum without longitudinal median groove.............................................................. 6</p> <p>5(4) Propodeum with a broad and smooth median area delimited by strong plicae and posterior transverse carina, and without a median carina or submedian carinae although sometimes with small irregular carinae anteriorly and posteriorly (e.g. fig. 6D in Gumovsky 2007)................................................................. Zaommomentedon Girault</p> <p>- Propodeum with a broad and carinate median area delimited by strong plicae and posterior transverse carina, and with 2 broadly divergent submedian carinae without small carinae between them (e.g. fig. 6C in Gumovsky 2007).... Schizocharis Kerrich</p> <p>6(4) Lateral panel of pronotum with a straight longitudinal carina; female upper face not raised above frontal suture; MLM usually with a median groove posteriorly; PMV long, more than 2× as long as STV; propodeum with 2 broadly divergent submedian carinae or a raised media carina, with plicae................................................................ 7</p> <p>- Lateral panel of pronotum usually with a weakly curved longitudinal carina (e.g. fig. 5B in Gumovsky 2007); upper face of female usually raised above frontal suture (e.g. fig. 3 in Hansson 2012); MLM without a median groove; PMV short, less than 1.5× as long as STV; propodeum variable, medially with (e.g. fig. 42 in Hansson 2012) or without (e.g. fig. 31 in Hansson 2012) a median carina or 2 narrowly divergent (e.g. fig. 15 in Hansson 2012) or somewhat parallel submedian carinae (e.g. fig. 47 in Hansson 2012), and with or without plicae.............................................. Achrysocharoides Girault</p> <p>7(6) Propodeum with complete and more or less parallel plicae and a complete median carina, but without paraspiracular carinae (e.g. fig. 4D in Gumovsky 2007); upper face with a pit or a short groove below anterior ocellus; petiole elongate, pyriform..................................................................................... Apleurotropis Girault</p> <p>- Propodeum with plicae and 2 broadly divergent submedian carinae, anteriorly with small carinae between them, and with distinct paraspiracular carinae; upper face without a pit or a short groove below anterior ocellus; petiole reduced, transverse (e.g. fig. 6A in Gumovsky 2007).......................................................... Platocharis Kerrich</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF8BFF8DD4F5FE6CFA3EC130	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF8BFF8CD4F5F964FA3EC0B0.text	457787EFFF8BFF8CD4F5F964FA3EC0B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis Girault 1913	<div><p>Key to species of Pleurotroppopsis</p> <p>1 Female............................................................................................. 2</p> <p>- Male.............................................................................................. 15</p> <p>2(1) Mesoscutum covered with dense setae (e.g. Figs 6d, 18a)...................................................... 3</p> <p>- Mesoscutum with 4 pairs of setae: one pair on MLM, one pair on triangular notaular depressions, and remaining 2 pairs on LLM (one pair on the prominent shoulder of mesoscutum) (e.g. Fig. 10b)............................................. 4</p> <p>3(2) Upper margin of scrobes deeply incised in the middle (Fig. 18b and figs 5, 6 in Kamijo 1977); lateral ocelli moderate in size (OOL as long as maximum width of lateral ocellus); scape whitish in basal 1/2; fore leg with tarsomeres 1–3 white and tarsomere 4 brown (Fig. 18b); East Asia.................................................. P. tischeriae (Kamijo)</p> <p>- Upper margin of scrobes shallowly incised in the middle (Fig. 6c); lateral ocelli small (OOL much longer than maximum width of lateral ocellus (5: 3), Fig. 6a); scape entirely blackish (Fig. 6c); fore leg with tarsomeres dark brown with blue tinge (Fig. 6b); Japan.............................................................................. P. hirta (Kamijo)</p> <p>4(2) Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin (e.g. Fig. 7c).................................................... 5</p> <p>- Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin (e.g. Fig. 5b)..................................................... 11</p> <p>5(4) Scutellum with broad foveae (Figs 14a, 15b); Malaysia................................... P. peukscutella Cao &amp; Zhu</p> <p>- Scutellum without foveae (e.g. Fig. 2b).................................................................... 6</p> <p>6(5) Propodeum with about 13 setae on each submedian area (Fig. 11a); Japan........................... P. lunata (Kamijo)</p> <p>- Propodeum with submedian areas bare, without setae......................................................... 7</p> <p>7(6) Metatibia completely and mesotibia mainly whitish (Fig. 10a); frontovertex with distinct raised polygonal reticulation, individual meshes shallow with flat bottom; Sri Lanka......................................... P. lankensis Kerrich</p> <p>- All tibiae predominantly or completely dark brown; frontovertex with different sculpture............................ 8</p> <p>8(7) Frontovertex shiny, with engraved reticulation only vaguely indicated; in anterior view width of upper face up to 0.35× width of head; ocellar triangle distinctly acute, with OOL less than largest width of lateral ocellus (4: 5); Malayan Peninsula........................................................................................... P. nitifrons Bouček</p> <p>- Frontovertex slightly dull, with very fine engraved reticulation or conspicuous piliferous punctation; in anterior view width of upper face relatively greater than in alternate, more than 0.4× width of head; ocellar triangle right-angled or slightly obtuse, with OOL at least as long as largest diameter of lateral ocellus.................................................. 9</p> <p>9(8) MLM with a distinct median groove in at least posterior 2/3 (Figs 16a, 16b); scape brown with ventral area paler in basal 1/3 (Fig. 16d); pronotal collar with dense setae (Fig. 16b) compared to alternate; dorsellum sculptured; gaster stout and distinctly piliferous-punctate (Figs 16d, 16e); East Africa and Madagascar................................... P. pilosa (Risbec)</p> <p>- MLM with a reduced median groove, indicated posteriorly only (e.g. Fig. 8b); scape whitish with brown apex; pronotal collar with less dense setae compared to alternate; dorsellum smooth; gaster slender and less piliferous-punctate than in alternate (e.g. Fig. 7a)............................................................................................ 10</p> <p>10(9) Scutellum with nearly uniform engraved reticulation, without distinct transverse striation (Fig. 8b); MLM faintly sculptured and smooth only along posterior margin (Fig. 8b); lateral margin of dorsellum straight (Fig. 8b); Asia.. P. japonica (Kamijo)</p> <p>- Scutellum with transverse engraved striation in middle 1/3; MLM with a distinct smooth apex (Fig. 12c); lateral margin of dorsellum rounded (Fig. 12a); Australia................................................. P. maculatipennis Girault</p> <p>11(4) MLM with a median groove posteriorly (e.g. Fig. 17b), though sometimes irregular and ill-defined (Fig. 11a)........... 12</p> <p>- MLM without any trace of a median groove (e.g. Fig. 4b).................................................... 13</p> <p>12(11) Frontovertex with a median groove extending from anterior ocellus to straight frontal carina (Fig. 3c); posterior 1/2 of MLM with a narrow median groove that is narrower than 1/2 the width of a notaular depression (Fig. 2b); scutellum with sublateral grooves narrow because of small punctures (Fig. 2b) and row of punctures outside sublateral grooves distinct (Fig. 2b); China................................................................................ P. dactylispae Cao &amp; Zhu</p> <p>- Frontovertex without a median groove and face with frontal carina sinuate; posterior 1/2 of MLM with a broad median depression that is wider than 1/2 the width of a notaular depression (Fig. 17b); scutellum with sublateral grooves broad because of broad punctures and row of punctures outside sublateral grooves indistinct (Fig. 17b); Africa.... P. podagrica (Waterston)</p> <p>13(11) Scutellum with numerous setae (Fig. 5a), and without sublateral grooves and transverse posterior groove (Fig. 5a); India............................................................................ P. femorata (Surekha &amp; Narendran)</p> <p>- Scutellum with one pair of setae (e.g. Fig. 9b), and with sublateral grooves and transverse posterior groove (e.g. Fig. 9b).. 14</p> <p>14(13) Face between frontal carina and toruli distinctly depressed; Gt 6 with a horn at each posterolateral corner (Figs 4a, 4b); South Asia...................................................................... P. dentata (Surekha &amp; Narendran)</p> <p>- Face between frontal carina and toruli not depressed; posterior margin of Gt6 straight, without horns posterolaterally (Fig. 9a); Indonesia............................................................................... P. javana Bouček</p> <p>15(2) Mesoscutum covered with dense setae (Fig. 18f); Japan...................................... P. tischeriae (Kamijo)</p> <p>- Mesoscutum with 4 pairs of setae: one pair on mid lobe, one pair on triangular notaular depressions, and remaining 2 pairs on LLM (one pair on the prominent shoulder of mesoscutum) (e.g. Fig. 2j)......................................... 16</p> <p>16(15) Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin (e.g. Fig. 3f)..................................................... 17</p> <p>- Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin............................................................. 19</p> <p>17(16) Mesoscutum with a median groove posteriorly (e.g. Figs 2h, 17d); scutellum with one pair of setae................... 18</p> <p>- Mesoscutum without any trace of a median groove; scutellum with numerous setae; India. P. femorata (Surekha &amp; Narendran)</p> <p>18(17) Legs with tibiae white, in contrast to metallic coxae (Fig. 3f); China.......................... P. dactylispae Cao &amp; Zhu</p> <p>- Legs with tibiae dark brown (Fig. 17e); Africa........................................... P. podagrica (Waterston)</p> <p>19(16) Propodeum with one seta on each submedian area; Japan........................................ P. lunata (Kamijo)</p> <p>- Propodeum without setae on submedian areas.............................................................. 20</p> <p>20(19) Scutellum with broad foveae (Fig. 15g); Malaysia....................................... P. peukscutella Cao &amp; Zhu</p> <p>- Scutellum without foveae (e.g. Fig. 2h)................................................................... 21</p> <p>21(20) Axilla with numerous setae; tibiae dark brown; fore wing infuscate below MV; scutellum with distinct engraved reticulation and a distinct groove posteriorly; East Africa and Madagascar..................................... P. pilosa (Risbec)</p> <p>- Axilla with one seta; tibiae whitish to pale brown; fore wing hyaline; scutellum with weak engraved reticulation, and without posterior groove..................................................................................... 22</p> <p>22(21) MLM with a reduced median groove that is distinct in posterior 1/5 (Fig. 7f); metatibia dark brown; Asia................................................................................................... P. japonica (Kamijo)</p> <p>- MLM with a distinct narrow median groove in posterior 2/3; metatibia entirely whitish; Sri Lanka...... P. lankensis Kerrich</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF8BFF8CD4F5F964FA3EC0B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF89FF80D4F5FF04FC91C5D9.text	457787EFFF89FF80D4F5FF04FC91C5D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis dactylispae Cao & Zhu 2022	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis dactylispae Cao &amp; Zhu, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 2, 3)</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna with base of scape whitish ventrally, pedicel metallic blue, and other parts dark brown. Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 3d). Frontal carina almost straight. Ocelli in a strongly acute-angled (equilateral) triangle. Postorbital groove strong and broad, forming a distinct carina along upper part of temple, visible on vertex (Fig. 2e). MLM with a narrow median groove posteriorly not reaching mid-length (Figs 2a, 3b). Scutellum with sublateral and posterior (narrowly interrupted in the middle) grooves expressed as broad punctures, and with a row of punctures outside sublateral grooves resulting in a narrow carina between row of punctures and sublateral groove (Fig. 3b). Axilla with numerous setae mainly in anterior metallic part and with transverse carinae in posterior dull part. Dorsellum entirely punctate and with a median carina (Fig. 2c). Propodeum with submedian areas sculptured with irregular transverse carinae and small fine punctures (Fig. 2c); spiracular areas setose posteriorly. Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Funiculars subequal in length, with distinctly long setae, and stalked apically. Fore wing hyaline. Tibiae and tarsomeres white with claws brown. Median groove of MLM in posterior 2/3 (Figs 2h, 3f). Dorsellum almost smooth (Fig. 2j). Metafemur with a few weak teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>Description. FEMALE. Body length 2.3–3.0 mm. Body metallic blue with strong violet tinge, especially on mesoscutum and scutellum. Scape (except for whitish ventral base) and pedicel with metallic tinge similar to body, flagellum brown with slightly metallic blue tinge. Legs, except for tarsomeres, similar in color to body; three basal tarsomeres whitish and the fourth tarsomere brown. Fore wing disc broadly infuscate below MV, hind wing slightly infuscate (Figs 2a, 2d).</p> <p>Antenna with 3-segmented funicle and 2-segmented clava, funicle not clearly separated from clava; pedicel more than 2× as long as broad and almost as long as the first funicular; each funicular much longer than broad, weakly decreasing in length towards clava (1.0: 0.8: 0.7).</p> <p>Face between frontal carina and toruli weakly depressed and strongly reticulate; frontal carina straight and weakly raised (Fig. 3c). Frontovertex piliferous-punctate, with a median groove extending from anterior ocellus to frontal carina (Fig. 3c). Head in dorsal view transverse, 3× as broad as its median length (6: 2), almost as broad as mesoscutum. Postorbital groove broad with distinct carina except in anterior 1/3. Ocelli in a distinctly acuteangled (equilateral) triangle. POL longer than OOL (0.8: 0.5). Occiput weakly margined between eyes, with short longitudinal carinae above transoccipital ridge (Figs 2a, 3b).</p> <p>Pronotal collar sharply margined, with many evenly distributed short setae in addition to 6 long bristles; collar impressed in anterior 2/5 because of broad punctures, and smooth in posterior 3/5, and with sides diverging caudad so that lateral angle attached closely to side of mesoscutum (Fig. 2a). Mesoscutum with 4 pairs of setae: one pair on MLM, one pair on notaular depressions, and remaining 2 pairs on outer corners of LLM. MLM with weakly raised reticulation in anterior 1/3 and engraved reticulation in posterior 2/3; MLM with a distinct but narrow median groove in roughly posterior 2/5; notauli distinct and complete, with posterior 2/3 developed as inner margin of triangular and polished notaular depression. LLM with engraved reticulation transversely elongate (Figs 2a, 2b). Scutellum wider than long (4.8: 3.8), with engraved reticulation on disc surrounded by sublateral and posterior grooves expressed as distinct broad punctures, and with a row of punctures outside sublateral groove, resulting in a narrow carina between sublateral groove and row of punctures (Fig. 2b). Axilla with weak engraved reticulation and numerous setae in anterior metallic part, and with irregular short carinae in posterior dull part. Dorsellum entirely punctate, with a median carina and distinct lateral up-turned tooth. Propodeum with distinct plicae diverging posteriorly, forming obtuse angle with posterior margin (Fig. 2c); submedian areas of propodeum sculptured with irregular transverse carinae and small fine punctures, and with broad punctures along posterior margin; spiracular areas with irregular transverse carinae; spiracular area delimited by the plica and a carina lateral to spiracle; callus setose (Fig. 2c).</p> <p>Petiole transverse (Fig. 2c). Gaster subcircular, slightly longer than broad (8.0: 7.3) and longer than mesosoma (8.0: 6.3), with obtuse but pointed apex (Fig. 2d). Gt 1 longer than other tergites, comprising about 0.36× gaster length; with distinct median groove in inclined part, with most of dorsal surface smooth, but piliferous-punctate laterally and with setae much longer than those on other tergites; and with an incomplete row of setae near posterior margin, interrupted in the middle; with an eye-like patch on each side close to base (Fig. 2d). Gt 2–6 distinctly piliferous-punctate, and Gt 7 almost smooth. Gt 5 with posterior margin distinctly arched, and Gt 5–6 with punctures much stronger than the other tergites.</p> <p>Fore wing densely setose with a large infuscate area below MV, apex of fore wing hyaline distad STV; speculum reduced, quite small (Fig. 3d); relative length of SMV: MV: PMV: STV = 3.1: 9.5: 1.4: 0.7. Legs strong, metafemur broad and with distinct teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Besides sexual characters, the male differs from the female in the following characters. Body length 1.6–1.9 mm. Body less metallic. Tibiae and tarsomeres white with claws brown (Fig. 3f). Wings hyaline. Funiculars subequal in length, with distinctly long setae, and stalked apically (Fig. 2i). Occiput with carina between eyes. Collar of pronotum less setose, especially in smooth posterior 3/5 (Fig. 2j). MLM with a median groove in posterior 2/3 (Fig. 3f). Axilla less setose. Scutellum longer than broad. Dorsellum without lateral up-turned teeth and distinct punctures. Submedian areas of propodeum with superficial carinae or rugosity, almost smooth (Fig. 2j). Gt 1 polished, Gt 2–7 without punctures and less setose (Fig. 2k). Metafemur with a few weak teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, CHINA: Guangxi, Guangxi Agricultural College, coll. Yang, ex. Dactylispa setifera (Chapuis) (IOZ(E)221446, IZCAS). Paratypes: 3♀ 3♂, same data as holotype (IOZ(E)221447–IOZ(E)221452, IZCAS).</p> <p>Etymology. From the host genus name “ Dactylispa ”.</p> <p>Biology. Type specimens were reared from Dactylispa setifera (Chapuis) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae) attacking Zea mays L. (Poaceae).</p> <p>Distribution. China: Guangxi.</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis dactylispae runs to P. podagrica using Bouček’s (1976) key to the Asiatic and African species. Besides the features given in the key above, P. dactylispae differs from P. podagrica in the following characters: mesoscutum and scutellum with smaller meshes of engraved reticulation; dorsellum mainly punctate; and submedian areas of propodeum with more rugosity. Pleurotroppopsis dactylispae, P. javana and P. podagrica are the only known species having the scutellum punctate outside the sublateral grooves. In these three species, 2 rows of punctures on each side of scutellum form a narrow carina, which is much narrower and less distinct in P. dactylispae than in P. javana and P. podagrica. Additionally, the row of punctures outside sublateral groove is more distinct in P. dactylispae than in the other two species. Pleurotroppopsis javana is readily distinguished from the other two species by having no median groove on the MLM. The three species form a clade in the most parsimonious tree (MPT) of this study, though with low bootstrap support, which indicates they may have a close relationship (Fig. 19). See also remarks under P. podagrica.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF89FF80D4F5FF04FC91C5D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF86FF83D4F5FD0DFD85C7A5.text	457787EFFF86FF83D4F5FD0DFD85C7A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis dentata (Surekha & Narendran 1988)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis dentata (Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988)</p> <p>(Fig. 4)</p> <p>Atullya dentata Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988: 195. Holotype ♀, DZUC (not examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis dentata (Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988), Gumovsky, 2007: 10.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna predominantly dark brown. Fore wing infuscate below STV and apical part of MV to broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 4b). Frontovertex without a median groove below anterior ocellus; frontal carina sinuate because upper margin of scrobes incised in the middle (Fig. 4d). Ocelli in an obtuse-angled triangle. Occiput with irregular longitudinal carinae above transverse transoccipital ridge (Fig. 4b). MLM with raised reticulation, without a median groove (Figs 4a, 4b). Scutellum with sublateral and posterior grooves expressed as narrow punctures; posterior groove slightly incised medially (Figs 4a–4c). Axilla with numerous setae, mainly in anterior metallic part. Dorsellum with a row of punctures along anterior margin in anterior 1/2 (Fig. 4c). Propodeum with submedian areas with distinct punctures and some short transverse carinae except for depressed and irregularly sculptured anterolateral corners (Fig. 4c); spiracular areas setose and sculptured posteriorly. Gt 1 posteriorly with setae arranged in about 2 irregular rows and sculptured anteriorly (Fig. 4a); Gt 6 with a distinct horn in each posterolateral corner (Figs 4a, 4b). Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Paratype: 1♀, India, Kerala, Calicut University, coll. Narendran Party, 10.II.1987, labeled with ‘ Atullya dentata sp. N., det. Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988 ’ (NHMUK).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♀, India, Ut. Pr.: Dehra Dun 20.X.1979, Bouček, Bouček det. 1989 (NHMUK). 1♀, India, Ut. Pr.: Dehra Dun 21.X.1979, Bouček, Bouček det. 1989 (NHMUK); 1♀, India, Tamil N., Madras, 2.XI.1979, Bouček, Bouček. Det. 1989 (NHMUK); 1♀, India, Hyderabad, Patancheru, ICRISAT, VII-IX, 1980, M. Trap, coll. Bernays &amp; Woodhead, det. Z. Bouček, 1988 (NHMUK); 1♀, India, Hyderabad, Patancheru, ICRISAT, VII-IX, 1980, M. Trap, coll. Bernays &amp; Woodhead, with an identification label “ Pleurotroppopsis javana, det. Bouček ”, det. Huan-Xi Cao 2017 (NHMUK); 1♀, China, Yunnan, Malipo, Babuxiang, Jiangdong, 2.XI.2016, coll. Xue-Mei Yang (IZCAS).</p> <p>Biology. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China: Yunnan (new distribution record); India.</p> <p>Remarks. Females of Pleurotroppopsis dentata are uniquely differentiated by having distinct horns in the posterolateral corners of Gt 6. Females also have distinct longitudinal carinae on the occiput, which are also characteristic of 5 other species (P. dactylispae, P. hirta, P. peukscutella, P. podagrica and P. tischeriae), but in these latter species the carinae are weak and short and difficult to discern under the light of a stereomicroscope. There is, however, currently no other evidence supporting a possible close relationship between these species. In the parsimony analysis based on morphological characters, P. dentata was clustered with the clade of P. hirta and P. tischeriae, though the low bootstrap value indicates unreliable phylogenetic relationships between these 2 branches, each of which has 4 nonhomplasious characters (autapomorphies for the branch of P. dentata, and synapomorphies for the other branch) (Fig. 19). This is possibly because of insufficient taxon sampling, and further sampling might reveal other undescribed species between these 2 branches. For now, the relationship between P. dentata and P. hirta and P. tischeriae remains uncertain.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF86FF83D4F5FD0DFD85C7A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF84FF85D4F5FF4CFA23C34D.text	457787EFFF84FF85D4F5FF4CFA23C34D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis femorata (Surekha & Narendran 1988)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis femorata (Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988)</p> <p>(Fig. 5)</p> <p>Atullya femorata Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988: 194–195. Holotype ♀, DZUC (not examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis femorata (Surekha &amp; Narendran, 1988), Gumovsky, 2007: 11.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna dark brown, only slightly paler ventrally at base of scape. Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 5b). Frontovertex with a median groove below anterior ocellus. Face between frontal carina and toruli hardly depressed; frontal carina straight and reduced, about 1/2 as broad as distance between eyes. Ocelli in a slightly obtuse-angled triangle. MLM with raised reticulation, without a median groove (Fig. 5a). Axilla with numerous setae. Scutellum distinctly punctate, punctures coarser than those on MLM, and with numerous setae evenly distributed over entire surface; without lateral and posterior grooves (Fig. 5a). Dorsellum with weak depression delimited by longitudinal carinae. Gt 1 piliferous-punctate laterally in dorsal view, with a row of setae near posterior margin (Fig. 5a). Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Body less metallic. Fore wing hyaline. Metatibia whitish. Petiole longer. Gaster less punctate (Figs 5d, 5e).</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Paratypes: 1♀, India: Kerala c. u. campus, coll. Surekha, 30.VIII.1988, 16515, with an identification label “ Atullya femorata sp. N., det. Surekha &amp; Narendran 1988 ” (NHMUK); 1♂, India: Kerala c. u. campus, coll. Surekha, 10.VIII.1988, S1766, with an identification label “ Atullya sp. N., det. Surekha &amp; Narendran 1988 ” and the other identification label “ Parahorismenus, det. Bouček, 1989” (NHMUK).</p> <p>Biology. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. India.</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis femorata is currently only known from the type specimens. This species is uniquely characterized by a piliferous-punctate scutellum without sublateral and posterior grooves, which resembles the structure in Parahorismenus. Despite this, P. femorata fits the definition of Pleurotroppopsis used in this study. In addition, the differences given in the key to distinguish Pleurotroppopsis from Parahorismenus apply to P. femorata, such as presence of a frontal carina, and female Gt 1 with an eye-like patch. Pleurotroppopsis femorata differs from the other Pleurotroppopsis species in many other unique characters (Table 2), suggesting that P. femorata might be an intermediate species between Pleurotroppopsis and closely allied genera such as Parahorismenus (Fig. 19). However, the monophyly of Pleurotroppopsis remains uncertain, and molecular data are needed to infer relationships more accurately between P. femorata and the other Pleurotroppopsis species, and even Parahorismenus species.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF84FF85D4F5FF4CFA23C34D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF83FF84D4F5FBB9FEAEC639.text	457787EFFF83FF84D4F5FBB9FEAEC639.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis hirta (Kamijo 1977)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis hirta (Kamijo, 1977)</p> <p>(Fig. 6)</p> <p>Cotterellia hirta Kamijo, 1977: 260–261. Holotype ♀, HUMJ (examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis hirta (Kamijo, 1977), Bouček, 1988: 711.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna entirely bluish black. Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 6b). Upper margin of scrobes slightly incised medially and frontal carina broadly sinuate medially (Figs 6a, 6c). Ocelli in a right-angled triangle. Mesoscutum with numerous setae evenly distributed over entire surface, including notaular depressions; MLM without a median groove or a trace of median groove (Figs 6d, 6e). Axilla tuberculate with numerous setae (Figs 6d, 6e). Scutellum with sublateral and posterior grooves (Figs 6d, 6e). Dorsellum smooth. Propodeum with plicae angled inwards in the middle, and with a transverse, weak carina running from the angulation to median carina (Fig. 6e). Gt 1 smooth with 2 irregular rows of setae posteriorly (Fig. 6d). Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Utonai, near Tomakomai, Hokkaido, ex. Tischeria sp., em. 1.VI.1970, T. Kumata (HUMJ); paratype ♀, same data as holotype (HUMJ).</p> <p>Biology. The type specimens of P. hirta were reared from Tischeria sp. (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) attacking Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. (Rosaceae).</p> <p>Distribution. China: Hainan (Bouček 1988); Japan (Kamijo 1977).</p> <p>Remarks. Besides the features given in the key, P. hirta differs from P. tischeriae in the following characters: Gt 1 with 2 irregular rows of setae near the posterior margin (one row in P. tischeriae); frontovertex with only a trace of a median groove (distinct in P. tischeriae); dorsellum with posterior margin more weakly carinate; propodeum more weakly reticulate in posterior part of submedian areas. Its setose mesoscutum indicates a close relationship between P. hirta and P. tischeriae, as suggested by Bouček’s (1988) species group assignment. Our phylogenetic analysis supports the species group because P. hirta and P. tischeriae differ in only one character in the matrix of morphological characters (Table 2). However, contrary to the discussion of Bouček (1988), the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 19) does not support the remaining known species of Pleurotroppopsis forming a monophyletic species group. Among the species, P. dentata clusters with P. hirta and P. tischeriae in the tree generated by parsimony analysis, though because of few autapomorphies (Fig. 19, Tables 2, 3) it is still uncertain whether they are closely related. Pleurotroppopsis dentata is easily distinguished from P. hirta and P. tischeriae by the characters given in the key to species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF83FF84D4F5FBB9FEAEC639	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF82FF86D4F5F958FDB5C2C1.text	457787EFFF82FF86D4F5F958FDB5C2C1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis japonica (Kamijo 1977)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis japonica (Kamijo, 1977)</p> <p>(Figs 7, 8)</p> <p>Cotterellia japonica Kamijo, 1977: 257–258. Holotype ♀, HUMJ (examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis japonica (Kamijo, 1977), Bouček, 1988: 710.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Scape white with apical 1/4 to 2/5 infuscate. Fore wing disc weakly to distinctly infuscate below MV, with small speculum. Tibiae blackish brown, sometimes paler apically. Frontovertex with a median groove extending from anterior ocellus to frontal carina (Fig. 8a). Face between frontal carina and toruli hardly depressed; frontal carina straight. Ocelli in a nearly right-angled triangle. Collar of pronotum piliferous and depressed in anterior 1/2, smooth in posterior 1/2. MLM with engraved transverse reticulation, with a median groove reduced and only distinct posteriorly. Scutellum with a row of small punctures along sublateral grooves and without posterior groove. Axilla smooth and with one seta. Dorsellum polished. Propodeum with submedian areas and spiracular areas smooth and shiny; spiracular areas bare (Fig. 8b). Gaster slender, 1.5–1.7× as long as broad, weakly to distinctly acute apically (Figs 7a, 8c). Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Scape dark brown and swollen, and flagellomeres stalked apically and with long, erect setae (Fig. 7f). Wings hyaline. Tibiae entirely white or brown, occasionally white with an infuscate line on dorsal surface. Gastral tergites piliferous but not punctate.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Kozagawa, Wakayama-Ken, Honshu, ex. Aristae sp. On Aster sp., 5.X.1973, em. Spring of 1974, coll. T. Kumata (HUMJ). Paratypes: 1♀, Sapporo Hokkaido, 17.VIII.1959, S. Nomoi, with an identification label “ Cotterellia japonica Kamijo ” (HUMJ); 1♀, Kii-Osima, em. 15.VI.1964, Honshu, T. Kumata, ex. Lithocolletis eyoniae Kumata, with an identification label “ Cotterellia japonica Kamijo ” (HUMJ); 1♀, Morioka Honshu, 12.V.1967, T. Uiiie, ex. Lithocolletis ringoniella Mat., with an identification label “ Cotterellia japonica Kamijo ” (HUMJ); 1♂, Futagoyama Shikawa. Ken Honshu, 3-3, 3hrs, 27 July 1975, coll. I. Togashi (HUMJ); 1♂, Morioka Honshu Japan, 11.V.1972, T. Ujiye, ex. Lithocolletis ringoniella Maisumura (HUMJ); 1♂, Zyozankei Hokkaido, 19.IX.1958, T. Kumata, ex. Lithocolletis tiliae Kumata (HUMJ).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♀ 1♂, China, Hunan, Changsha, ex. larva of Gracilariidae attacking Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow, 28.VII.1979, coll. Xinwang Tong (IZCAS); 6♀ 4♂, China, Hunan, Changsha, ex. larva of Gracilariidae attacking Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow, 10.VIII.1979, coll. Xinwang Tong (IZCAS); 1♀, China, Sichuan, Qingchengshan, 20.X.1983, coll. Changfang Li (IZCAS); 2♀, Philippines, Davao del Sur Digos, Nov. 1974 ex. Lep, det. Bouček 1985 (NHMUK).</p> <p>Biology. Pleurotroppopsis japonica has mainly been recorded attacking lepidopteran leafminers, especially Gracillariidae, and has occasionally been recorded from the weevil Rhynchaenus takabayashii Kôno (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and dipteran leafminers (Kamijo 1977; Kamijo 1990). Two females were reared from the larva-pupa of a species of Lyonetiidae (Lepidoptera) attacking Sophora japonica Linn. (Papilionaceae) in China.</p> <p>Distribution. China (new distribution record); Japan; Korea; Philippines (new distribution record).</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis japonica, along with P. maculatipennis, P. nitifrons and P. lankensis, has all tarsomeres white except for brown or blackish claws. Moreover, P. japonica, P. maculatipennis and P. nitifrons cluster together to form a branch with relatively high bootstrap support near P. lankensis (Fig. 19). The result of the parsimony analysis indicates a possible close relationship between P. nitifrons and the other two species, but this requires confirmation. Pleurotroppopsis nitifrons is readily distinguished from P. japonica and P. maculatipennis by the axilla being sculptured in its posterior dull part (see also remarks under P. nitifrons). However, P. japonica and P. maculatipennis are so similar that they share the same character states in the matrix used for the phylogenetic analysis; the branch including these two species is characterized by having the MLM almost smooth along its posterior margin and the axilla polished with only one seta (Figs 8b, 19, Table 2). In addition, these two species are characterized by the submedian areas of the propodeum being polished, although those of P. nitifrons can be considered as smooth but with very weak sculpture (but listed as smooth in the matrix, see Table 2). The holotype of P. japonica is differentiated from that of P. maculatipennis by the following characters: body bright bluish with green tinge (metallic blue-green in P. maculatipennis); antenna more slender (e.g. pedicel distinctly more than 2× as long as broad in P. japonica, vs distinctly less than 2× in P. maculatipennis); tibiae blackish brown without whitish apex (with whitish apex in P. maculatipennis); gaster more slender, about 2× as long as broad (about 1.8× in P. maculatipennis), and more acute, with Gt 6 converging in an angle of about 65° apically (about 75° in P. maculatipennis); Gt 1 eye-like patches whitish (brown in P. maculatipennis). However, the paratype series of P. japonica and Chinese specimens of P. cf. japonica show more variation in the above characters than originally described by Kamijo (1977), and the holotype of P. maculatipennis falls within what is interpreted as intraspecific variation of P. japonica. Because P. maculatipennis is only known from the holotype, the validity of P. japonica is uncertain based on morphology. However, until molecular data for material from Japan, Australia and other zoological regions is available, we treat P. japonica and P. maculatipennis as separate species and determine the Chinese specimens as P. japonica.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF82FF86D4F5F958FDB5C2C1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF9FFF99D4F5FF4CFD19C35B.text	457787EFFF9FFF99D4F5FF4CFD19C35B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis javana (Boucek 1976)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis javana (Bouček, 1976)</p> <p>(Fig. 9)</p> <p>Cotterellia javana Bouček, 1976: 679. Holotype ♀, NHMUK (B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.2398, examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis javana (Bouček, 1976), Bouček, 1988: 711.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna with base of scape white, otherwise brown. Fore wing infuscate except apex hyaline, with speculum reduced (Fig. 9a). Frontovertex with a median groove extending from anterior ocellus to frontal carina. Face between frontal carina and toruli hardly depressed; upper margin of scrobes weakly incised in the middle, and frontal carina slightly sinuate and raised. Ocelli in a right-angled triangle. MLM with engraved reticulation and without a median groove. Scutellum with sublateral and posterior grooves formed by narrow punctures; with a row of punctures outside sublateral grooves, resulting in a narrow carina between this row of punctures and sublateral grooves (Fig. 9b). Axilla with one seta in anterior metallic part and setose in posterior dull part (Fig. 9b). Dorsellum with deep foveae and a longitudinal median carina (Fig. 9b). Propodeum with submedian areas with fine reticulation and some irregular transverse carinae; spiracular areas setose posteriorly and with irregular sculpture (Fig. 9b). Metafemur with indistinct teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Java, Buitenzorg, II.1932, coll. T. H C Taylor, ex. Hispine “E” in bamboo, with an identification label “ HOLOTYPE ♀, Cotterellia javana sp. N., det. Z. Bouček, 1975” (NHMUK, B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.2398); paratype ♀, same data as holotype (NHMUK).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♀, India: Tamil N. Jawad Pills, 14.XII.1978, JAP-IND Co TR (HUMJ).</p> <p>Biology. The type specimens were reared from an unidentified hispine leaf-miner (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae) on bamboo (Bouček 1976).</p> <p>Distribution. India (new distribution record); Indonesia: Java.</p> <p>Remarks. See remarks under P. dactylispae.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF9FFF99D4F5FF4CFD19C35B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF9FFF98D4F5F939FEBAC321.text	457787EFFF9FFF98D4F5F939FEBAC321.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis lankensis (Kerrich 1974)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis lankensis (Kerrich, 1974)</p> <p>(Fig. 10)</p> <p>Cotterellia lankensis Kerrich, 1974: 678. Holotype ♀, NHMUK (B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.2347, examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis lankensis (Kerrich, 1974), Bouček, 1988: 711.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna brown except scape predominantly white,brown in apical 1/4.Protibia predominantly dull metallic, mesotibia predominantly white with dusky base, and metatibia entirely whitish; all tarsomeres white except for blackish claws (Fig. 10a). Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced. Frontovertex with raised reticulation, and with a very fine median groove extending from anterior ocellus to frontal carina. Face between frontal carina and toruli weakly depressed; upper margin of scrobes not incised in the middle and hence frontal carina straight. Ocelli in a slightly obtuse-angled triangle. MLM with engraved transverse reticulation, and with a broad median groove extending nearly to pronotal collar (Fig. 10b). Scutellum with engraved transverse striation in anterior 1/2 and engraved reticulation in posterior 1/2; scutellum with sublateral and posterior grooves expressed as punctures (Fig. 10b). Axilla polished anteriorly and with only one seta (Fig. 10b). Dorsellum polished. Propodeum with submedian areas polished in anterior 1/2 and with raised reticulation in posterior 1/2; spiracular areas smooth even along posterior margin (Fig. 10b). Gt 1 dorsal surface polished (Fig. 10a). Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Scape dark brown and swollen. Wings hyaline. Mid and hind legs with tibiae entirely white, fore leg with tibia brown. Mesoscutum and scutellum with very weak reticulation. Scutellum with posterior groove reduced, almost absent. Propodeum with submedian areas smooth, without reticulation along posterior margin. Gastral tergites with a few setae only, and not punctate.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Sri Lanka, 6.VI.1972, ex. larva or pupa Promecotheca cumingi (NHMUK, B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.2347); paratypes 3♀, same data as holotype (NHMUK).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♂, same data as holotype (NHMUK); 1♀, CHINA, Hainan, det. Bouček (NHMUK); 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.76667/lat 7.95)">Sri Lanka</a>, 7°57’N 80°46’E, Sigiriya, 21.III.1999, coll. C.J. Burwell (QMB).</p> <p>Biology. The type specimens of P. lankensis were recorded from Promecotheca cumingi Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae).</p> <p>Distribution. China: Hainan (new distribution record); Sri Lanka.</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis lankensis is characterized by the hind legs having completely white tibiae. The result of the parsimony analysis groups this species with the clade formed by P. japonica, P. maculatipennis, and P. nitifrons, with a high bootstrap value, thus supporting their possible close relationship. However, because of insufficient nonhomplasious changes between these branches, the putative relationship requires testing with molecular data (Fig. 19). In addition to its white hind tibiae, P. lankensis is differentiated from the other three species by having a distinct median groove on the MLM and a posterior groove on the scutellum. See also remarks under P. nitifrons.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF9FFF98D4F5F939FEBAC321	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF9DFF9AD4F5FF4CFA8DC321.text	457787EFFF9DFF9AD4F5FF4CFA8DC321.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo 1990	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo, 1990</p> <p>(Fig. 11)</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis lunata Kamijo, 1990: 818–820. Holotype ♀, HUMJ (examined).</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna dark brown with scape paler dorsally at base (Fig. 11c). Fore wing strongly and broadly infuscate with apex lighter, speculum reduced (Fig. 11b). Frontovertex with a median groove below anterior ocellus but not reaching to frontal carina (Figs 11d, 11e). Upper margin of scrobes weakly incised in the middle, hence frontal carina weakly sinuate. Ocelli in a right-angled triangle. Occiput with a short median longitudinal carina not reaching occipital carina above transoccipital ridge. Collar of pronotum with dense setae (Fig. 11b). MLM with a median groove expressed as several small deep punctures (Fig. 11a). Posterior groove of scutellum almost absent, only present as extended part of sublateral grooves (Figs 11a, 11b). Axilla with five setae (Fig. 11a). Dorsellum with small punctures along posterior margin. Propodeum with distinct furrow along each side of median carina; with 13 setae on each smooth submedian area (Figs 11a, 11b). Petiole transverse with one whitish seta on each side. Gaster more slender than other Pleurotroppopsis species, about 2× as long as broad, with Gt 1 bare and Gt 2 less piliferous-punctate in dorsal view (Figs 11a, 11b). Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Vertex transverse with ocelli in a distinctly obtuseangled triangle. Propodeum with only one seta on each side of submedian areas. Petiole nearly as long as broad, with 2 setae on each side. Fore wing hyaline.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Iriomote Is., Okinawa Pref., em. I. 1978, coll. F. Komai (HUMJ); paratype ♂, same data as holotype (HUMJ).</p> <p>Biology. The type specimens of P. lunata were possibly reared from Strophedra sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (Kamijo 1990).</p> <p>Distribution. Japan.</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis lunata is known only from the type specimens collected in Japan. This species is uniquely differentiated by each submedian area of the propodeum having 13 setae and each side of the petiole having one lateral seta in the female and 2 lateral setae in the male. In addition, P. lunata is the only species in Pleurotroppopsis with a very slender gaster—about 2× as long as broad and also distinctly pointed apically, which is rare for the genus. In the same clade of MPT, this species does not appear to be closely related to the species (P. lankensis, P. nitifrons, P. japonica, and P. maculatipennis) it forms with (Fig. 19). Pleurotroppopsis lunata shares only seven morphological characters with the five species and show several different character states, such as: frontal carina sinuate, pronotal collar with longer sculptured area, axilla with five setae, dorsellum punctate, fore wing with reduced speculum and petiole with setae, the last character being an autapomorphy (Tables 2, 3, Fig. 19).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF9DFF9AD4F5FF4CFA8DC321	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF9CFF9AD4F5FB18FD4BC0A9.text	457787EFFF9CFF9AD4F5FB18FD4BC0A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis Girault 1913	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis Girault, 1913</p> <p>(Fig. 12)</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis Girault, 1913: 149. Holotype ♀, QMB (Hy. 1651, examined).</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna brown except scape with proximal part white. Fore wing with a large dusky round spot below apex of MV and STV, with small speculum (Fig. 12c). Legs with white tarsomeres and blackish claws, and tibiae whitish apically (Figs 12b, 12c). MLM almost smooth posteriorly, with a reduced median groove that is difficult to discern. Scutellum between sublateral grooves with engraved transverse striation medially. Gt 1 with eye-like patches brown.</p> <p>MALE. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀: card-mounted mesosoma and metasoma with labels “ Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis Girault, Type, Bouček 1976 ”; slide-mounted antennae and head with labels “1651” (QMB, Hy. 1651).</p> <p>Biology. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Australia: Queensland, Nelson (Cairns) (Girault 1913).</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis was described based on a single female collected by sweeping and has not been recorded since. The mesosoma and metasoma of the holotype are card-mounted, and the broken antennae (without the basal 1/2 of the scape) and head fragments are slide-mounted. Head features could not be discerned due to the fragmentation of the head of the holotype. Thus, it is unknown whether there are differences in the head characters between P. japonica and P. maculatipennis. Pleurotroppopsis maculatipennis is very similar to females of P. japonica, and additional material is required to establish if they are separate species. In the meantime, we have included differences based on the holotype of P. maculatipennis in the above diagnosis and the key to species for reference. See remarks under P. japonica.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF9CFF9AD4F5FB18FD4BC0A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF9BFF9CD4F5FA03FB0FC591.text	457787EFFF9BFF9CD4F5FA03FB0FC591.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis nitifrons (Boucek 1976)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis nitifrons (Bouček, 1976)</p> <p>(Fig. 13)</p> <p>Cotterellia nitifrons Bouček, 1976: 677–678. Holotype ♀, NHMUK (B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.2397, examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis nitifrons (Bouček, 1976), Bouček, 1988: 711.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna with scape predominantly white, brown in apical 1/3 only. Fore wing weakly infuscate, with small speculum. Tibiae brown without metallic tinge; all tarsomeres white except for brown claws. Frontovertex with a median groove below anterior ocellus. Face between frontal carina and toruli weakly depressed; upper margin of scrobes not incised medially, and frontal carina straight. Ocelli in a strongly acute-angled (equilateral) triangle. MLM with transverse rugosity anteriorly and engraved reticulation posteriorly, without a median groove (Fig. 13b). Scutellum with punctures along sublateral grooves but without posterior transverse groove (Fig. 13b). Axilla with superficial reticulation, almost smooth, with one seta (Fig. 13b). Dorsellum polished. Submedian areas of propodeum with superficial reticulation, almost smooth (Fig. 13b). Gt 1 with polished dorsal surface (Fig. 13a). Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, 20873, Malaysia Barat: Ptg. Bendahari, Province Wellesley, ex. within mines of Promecotheca cumingi, 21.III.1973, coll. Jabatan Pertanian (NHMUK, B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.2397); paratype ♀, same data as holotype (NHMUK).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♀, India: Calicut Dist., Kerala, ex. leaf miner of Piper nigrum, det. Bouček (NHMUK).</p> <p>Biology. The type series were recorded from the coleopteran leafminer Promecotheca cumingii Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae) (Bouček 1976).</p> <p>Distribution. India (new distribution record); Malaysia (Bouček 1976).</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis nitifrons is likely close to P. maculatipennis and P. japonica based on the lack of a posterior groove on the scutellum, dorsellum polished, and metafemur smooth without teeth along the ventral margin. The possible close relationship between these three species is supported by the parsimony analysis based on morphological characters (Fig. 19) but requires further molecular evidence because the phylogeny is not well resolved based only on morphological characters. Females of P. nitifrons can be distinguished from those of P. japonica and P. maculatipennis by their sculptured posterior dull part of the axilla. In addition, P. nitifrons females have the mesoscutum with engraved reticulation that is much less transverse and the scutellum has denser and more distinct engraved reticulation that is weakly longitudinal. See also remarks under P. japonica.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF9BFF9CD4F5FA03FB0FC591	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF9AFF91D4F5F9C9FC79C3B5.text	457787EFFF9AFF91D4F5F9C9FC79C3B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis peukscutella Cao & Zhu 2022	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis peukscutella Cao &amp; Zhu, sp. Nov.</p> <p>(Figs 14, 15)</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna brown except base of scape white (Fig. 14d). Fore wing weakly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 14c). Upper margin of scrobes weakly incised and frontal carina weakly sinuate (Fig. 14e). Ocelli in a nearly right-angled triangle. Postorbital groove distinct but narrow, forming a distinct carina along upper part of temple, invisible on vertex (Fig. 14a). MLM with raised reticulation before broad median depression; median depression as broad as posterior margin of MLM and almost as broad as a notaular depression; rim of MLM median depression distinctly carinate (Figs 15a, 15b). Scutellum disc with strong foveae (Fig. 15b). Axilla with 5 setae on metallic part and transverse carinae on dull part. Dorsellum with 2 large lateral foveae (Fig. 15b). Propodeum submedian areas with short transverse carinae, one more distinct that connects plica and anterior part of median carina (Fig. 15b). Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Funiculars subequal in length, with distinctly long setae, and stalked apically. Fore wing hyaline. Upper margin of scrobes and frontal carina not incised or sinuate. Median depression of MLM and notaular depressions reduced. Propodeum with transverse carinae on submedian areas weak (Figs 14g, 15g).</p> <p>Description. FEMALE. Body length 2.5–3.0 mm. Body metallic blue with violet tinge (Figs 14a, 14b).Antenna brown except scape predominantly white, infuscate apically only (Figs 14c, 14d). Legs, except for tarsomeres, brown with slight metallic tinge; tarsi with first three tarsomeres white, the fourth brown with claws dark brown. Fore wing disc weakly infuscate below MV, hind wing hyaline (Figs 14a, 14c).</p> <p>Antenna with 3-segmented funicle and 2-segmented clava, funicle not clearly separated from clava; pedicel more than 2× as long as broad, the first funicular slightly longer than pedicel (1.0: 0.9); funiculars subequal in length, each longer than broad.</p> <p>Face between frontal carina and toruli weakly depressed and finely reticulate, frontal carina weakly incised (Fig. 14e). Frontovertex with dense setae, with distinct punctures above frontal carina, with a median groove extending from anterior ocellus to frontal carina (Fig. 14e).</p> <p>Head in dorsal view transverse (6.5: 2.5), slightly longer than mesoscutum (6.5: 6.0). Vertex with dense setae and distinct punctures. Ocelli in a nearly right-angled triangle. POL more than 2× as long as OOL (0.8: 0.3). Occiput margined between eyes, with longitudinal carinae above distinct transoccipital ridge.</p> <p>Pronotal collar sharply margined, with many evenly distributed short setae in addition to 6 long bristles; collar depressed in anterior 1/2 because of broad punctures, and with sides diverging caudad so lateral angle attached closely to side of mesoscutum (Figs 15a, 15b). Mesoscutum with 4 pairs of setae: one pair on MLM, one pair on notaular depressions, remaining 2 pairs on LLM (Fig. 15a). MLM with raised reticulation; MLM with a broad median depression in posterior 1/2, as broad as posterior margin of MLM and almost as broad as a notaular depression, and with rims of median depression distinctly carinate; notaular depression in posterior 1/2 distinct, triangular, and polished (Figs 15a, 15b). LLM with irregular broad foveae and transverse carinae; a row of foveae along notaulus resembles depression (Figs 15a, 15b). Scutellum wider than long (4.0: 3.6), with disc almost full of strong, irregular, broad foveae, with foveae along lateral margins in a column and along posterior margin in a row, and therefore sublateral and posterior grooves not discernable (Fig. 15b). Axilla irregularly rugose, with 4 setae just below small metallic area. Dorsellum with 2 lateral foveae, resulting in median area resembling a broad median carina, without punctures, with lateral up-turned teeth distinct (Fig. 15b). Propodeum with strong plicae angled inwards in anterior 1/3, and with a transverse carina usually extending from angulation to base of median carina (Fig. 15b); submedian areas smooth above transverse carina, and rugose with transverse carinae below transverse carina; spiracular area with a connected transverse and lateral carina, and with numerous setae posteriorly; callus setose (Fig. 15b).</p> <p>Petiole transverse and whitish. Gaster short oval, almost as long as broad and shorter than mesosoma (6.0: 7.0), with apex obtuse. Gt 1 longer than other tergites, comprising about 0.36× gaster length; with distinct median groove in inclined part, predominantly bare but with setae on sides visible in dorsal view, with posterior margin slightly protruding medially and a whitish eye-like patch on each side close to base. Gt 2–7 piliferous-punctate (Fig. 15c).</p> <p>Fore wing setose with disc weakly infuscate below MV, without speculum; relative length of SMV: MV: PMV: STV = 3.2: 7.8: 1.8: 0.6. Legs strong, metafemur broad and without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Besides sexual characters, the male differs from the female in the following characters. Body smaller and more slender than female, 2 mm in length. Body less metallic, only scutellum and Gt 1 with distinct metallic purple or blue-green tinge (Fig. 14g). All tibiae whitish (Fig. 14g). Wings hyaline. Head transverse, more than 3× as long as broad. Broad median depression on MLM absent and LLM without distinct punctures (Fig. 15g). Scutellum with fewer foveae and more engraved reticulation, particularly laterally and posteriorly (Fig. 15g). Dorsellum with lateral foveae reduced in size, broad median area smooth without punctures; lateral up-turned teeth indistinct. Gastral tergites smooth without punctures dorsally (Figs 14g, 15g).</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, Malaysia: Bt. Bauk Terengganu, em. 27.VIII.1990, coll. T. Kumata, ex. unknown Lepidoptera on Ficus chartacea (HUMJ). Paratypes: 1♀ 1♂, Malaysia H. R., Beserah Kuantan, Paham, em. 23.VIII.1990, coll. T. Kumata, ex. unknown Lepidoptera on Ficus sertechinis (HUMJ); 1♀, Malaysia, Borneo Jungle Girl Camp, 24.IV–02.V.2016, coll. Feng Yuan &amp; Yong Wang (IOZ(E)221453, IZCAS).</p> <p>Etymology. From Proto-Indo-European root “ peuk ” and Latin “ scutella ”, in reference to the punctate scutellum.</p> <p>Biology. The holotype female was reared from an unknown moth attacking Ficus chartacea Wall. ex King (Moraceae). The paratypes were reared from an unknown moth attacking Ficus sertechinis based on the labels, which may be spelled incorrectly since this plant name is not indexed in any database.</p> <p>Remarks. Pleurotroppopsis peukscutella is uniquely characterized by having distinct, broad foveae on the disc of the scutellum in both sexes. In females the median groove of the MLM is developed as a broad, round, and smooth depression (Fig. 15a), whereas in males it is reduced to an almost smooth flat area (Fig. 15g). In addition, the MLM of females has distinct raised reticulation before the median broad depression and the LLM has irregular foveae and carinae. Compared to the female, the male has the LLM with more distinctly engraved reticulation and without punctures except for a large puncture at the base of the posterior seta. Because of these unique characters, the phylogenetic position of this species within Pleurotroppopsis is still uncertain, as indicated by its long branch represented by several homoplasious changes and an extremely low bootstrap support value as shown in the tree inferred by parsimony analysis (Fig. 19). See also remarks under P. pilosa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF9AFF91D4F5F9C9FC79C3B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF97FF93D4F5FAE1FCEAC545.text	457787EFFF97FF93D4F5FAE1FCEAC545.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis pilosa (Risbec 1952)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis pilosa (Risbec, 1952)</p> <p>(Fig. 16)</p> <p>Eurycranium pilosum Risbec, 1952: 327.</p> <p>Lectotype ♀, MNHN (not examined), designated by Bouček, 1976: 678–679. Cotterellia pilosa (Risbec, 1952), Bouček, 1976: 678–679.</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis pilosa (Risbec, 1952), Bouček, 1988: 711.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Scape brown with basal 1/3 whitish ventrally (Fig. 16d). Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 16a). Tibiae, especially metatibia, progressively paler towards apex; fore leg with tarsi infuscate, mid and hind legs with tarsomeres 1–3 pale yellow, and tarsomere 4 dark brown (Fig. 16e). Frontovertex with a median groove below anterior ocellus and extending to frontal carina (Fig. 16f). Face between frontal carina and toruli hardly depressed, upper margin of scrobes not incised medially, and frontal carina straight (Fig. 16f). Ocelli in a nearly right-angled (slightly obtuse) triangle. MLM with a narrow median groove, distinct at least in posterior 2/3 (Fig. 16a). Scutellum with sublateral and posterior grooves expressed as punctures and with engraved reticulation between scutellar grooves (Figs 16a, 16b). Axilla weakly sculptured with 5 or 6 setae. Dorsellum with longitudinal carinae as in P. podagrica. Propodeum with submedian areas sculptured with irregular transverse carinae and weakly engraved reticulation. Gt 1 with dorsal surface polished and with numerous setae laterally. Metafemur without teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Ocelli in an obtuse-angled triangle. Dorsellum with a row of punctures along anterior margin. Legs with whitish tarsomeres. Gaster without punctures.</p> <p>Material examined. 1♀, Abyssinia: Edge of Djem-Djem Forest. circa 9,000 ft. 4.X.1926, coll. Dr. H. Scott, det. Z. Bouček (NHMUK); 1♂, NE. Madagascar: Sambava, VIII.1974, per D. Mariau (IRHO), ex. Coelaenomenodera perrieri on Balyana sp., with identification label “ Cotterellia pilosa (Risbec) det. Z. Bouček, 1975” (NHMUK); 1♀, S. Africa. R. E. Turner. Brit. Mus. 1924-109. Port St. John, Pondoland, 29.I–5.II.1924, Z. Bouček (NHMUK).</p> <p>Biology. A male identified as P. pilosa by Bouček was recorded from Coelaenomenodera perrieri Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae), which represents a new host record. However, this host record needs to be verified by confirming the conspecificity with the lectotype (see remarks under this species).</p> <p>Distribution. Ethiopia; Madagascar; South Africa (Bouček 1976).</p> <p>Remarks. As noted by Bouček (1976), P. pilosa resembles P. podagrica in the following characters: ocelli forming an acute triangle, pronotal collar pilose, MLM with a distinct median groove, and stout gaster distinctly piliferous-punctate. However, a key difference, the absence of teeth along the ventral margin of the metafemur, directs P. pilosa away from P. podagrica in the key to species (see couplet 4). In the large clade comprising the bottom half of the most parsimonious tree in Fig. 19, P. pilosa and P. peukscutella are the only ones without metafemoral teeth, whereas the other six species have ventral teeth on the metafemur. Bouček (1976) used the lateral angles of the pronotum to distinguish P. podagrica from P. javana and P. pilosa, but this character is not very useful to distinguish Pleurotroppopsis species because almost all have the lateral angles closely attached to mesoscutal sides, with only slight interspecific differences. Bouček (1976) mentioned that intra- versus interspecific morphological variation in P. pilosa and P. podagrica was uncertain because of insufficient sampling. Nevertheless, a female collected in South Africa, and deposited in NHMUK, which has similar scutellum sculpture to Parahorismenus, was identified as P. pilosa by Bouček. This specimen probably belongs to an undescribed species based on the sculpture of the scutellum, which has punctures and engraved reticulation on a large disc between lateral and posterior grooves. This indicates that the female is likely closely related to P. peukscutella. This potentially new species is not described here because of insufficient number of specimens. The relationship between P. pilosa and P. podagrica as well as their relationship to other Pleurotroppopsis species is uncertain because of the lack of specimens and evidence other than morphology, as is indicated by the results of the parsimony analysis. The differences between male and female P. pilosa are based on a single male deposited in NHMUK and identified by Bouček as listed in the material examined. Based on its morphology and Bouček’s identification we considered this male to be conspecific with the known females of P. pilosa, but this remains to be confirmed.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF97FF93D4F5FAE1FCEAC545	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF95FF93D4F5FDB1FA2AC08F.text	457787EFFF95FF93D4F5FDB1FA2AC08F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston 1925)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925)</p> <p>(Fig. 17)</p> <p>Cotterellia podagrica Waterston, 1925: 389. Holotype ♀, NHMUK (B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.1340, examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), Bouček, 1988: 711.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna including scape dark brown. Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 17a). Frontovertex without a median groove below anterior ocellus. Face between frontal carina and toruli moderately depressed, with frontal carina sinuate (fig. 3E in Gumovsky 2007). Ocelli in a slightly acute (almost right-angled) triangle (Fig. 17a). MLM with weakly raised transverse reticulation in about anterior 1/2 and engraved reticulation elsewhere; MLM with a broad median groove that is a little more than 1/2 as broad as posterior margin of MLM (Fig. 17b). Scutellum with engraved reticulation between sublateral grooves, which are expressed as broad punctures; with a row of indistinct punctures outside sublateral grooves resulting in a narrow carina between the row of punctures and sublateral grooves (Fig. 17b). Axilla with numerous setae in posterior nonmetallic part. Dorsellum almost smooth but with longitudinal carinae medially and laterally (Fig. 17b). Propodeum with submedian areas with irregular transverse carinae. Gt 1 polished with dorsal surface having only one row of setae posterolaterally. Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin (fig. 3D in Gumovsky 2007).</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Fore wing hyaline. Upper margin of scrobes and frontal carina not incised or sinuate. Median depression of MLM reduced (Fig. 17e). Gt 1 polished, without setae posterolaterally in dorsal view (Fig. 17d).</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Africa, Gold Coast, Aburi, 8.XII.1925, G. S. Cotterell. No. 11, Pres. by. I.B.E, ex. pupa of Coelaenomenodera elaeidis, Maul. var. (pupa) (NHMUK, B.M. TYPE HYM. 5.1340); paratypes 2♀ 1♂, same data as holotype (NHMUK).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♀, South Africa, Port St. Johns, Pondoland, XII.1923, coll. R. E. Turner (NHMUK); 2♀, W. Ghana: Pretsea ex. Coel. elaeidis, 30. I. 1967, G. Bernon, Bouček 1988 det. (NHMUK); 1♀, Cameroun, Ndian dist, Lobe Estate, 30.XI.1988, ex. larva of oil palm, leaf miner sp. 11 CIE A20112, det. Z. Bouček 1988 (NHMUK).</p> <p>Biology. A total of two host species records are known for P. podagrica —a primary parasitoid of Coelaenomenodera elaeidis Maulik and Dorcathispa bellicosa (Guérin-Méneville) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).</p> <p>Distribution. Benin; Cameroon; Ghana; Ivory Coast; South Africa (Bouček 1976).</p> <p>Remarks. There is a variation in body color for the examined specimens, predominantly metallic blue or metallic green, but always with more or less violet or purple tinges. Usually, metallic blue individuals have a stronger purple tinge. Most examined specimens have a broad and distinct posterior median depression on the MLM, occasionally slightly narrowing posteriorly but always at least 1/2 as broad as the posterior margin of the MLM. This breadth of the median depression distinguishes P. podagrica from P. dactylispae. In P. podagrica, the median depression is usually as long as or slightly longer than the notaular depressions, but sometimes it is reduced to a sub-rounded fovea posteriorly that is slightly shorter than the notaular depressions. In the examined specimens there is also a variation in the color of the tarsi, the first 3 tarsomeres being white in most specimens or occasionally slightly infuscate, but some specimens have tarsomeres 1–3 of the fore leg brown. See also remarks under P. dactylispae.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF95FF93D4F5FDB1FA2AC08F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
457787EFFF94FF94D4F5FA04FDD4C641.text	457787EFFF94FF94D4F5FA04FDD4C641.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotroppopsis tischeriae (Kamijo 1977)	<div><p>Pleurotroppopsis tischeriae (Kamijo, 1977)</p> <p>(Fig. 18)</p> <p>Cotterellia tischeriae Kamijo, 1977: 258–260. Holotype ♀, HUMJ (examined).</p> <p>Pleurotroppopsis tischeriae (Kamijo, 1977), Bouček, 1988: 710.</p> <p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Antenna brown with scape predominantly whitish, infuscate only apically. Fore wing broadly infuscate below MV, with speculum reduced (Fig. 18c). Upper margin of scrobes incised medially, hence frontal carina sinuate (Fig. 18b). Ocelli in a right-angled triangle. Mesoscutum with numerous setae evenly distributed over surface, including notaular depressions; MLM without a trace of a median groove (Fig. 18a). Axilla evenly tuberculate with numerous setae (Figs 18a, 18c). Scutellum with posterior groove. Dorsellum smooth with posterior margin weakly carinate (Fig. 18a). Propodeum with plicae angled inwards in the middle, and with a transverse weak carina usually extending from the angulation to the median carina (Fig. 18a, fig. 6 in Kamijo 1977). Gt 1 smooth with a row of setae posteriorly (Fig. 18c). Metafemur with teeth along ventral margin.</p> <p>MALE. Differs from female in the following characters. Vertex transverse with ocelli in an obtuse-angled triangle (Fig. 18f). Face between frontal carina and toruli weakly depressed, and frontal carina not raised or incised. Antenna with scape metallic in apical 2/5, and white in basal 3/5; funiculars stalked apically, with long, erect, white setae (Fig. 18e). Fore and mid legs white except for metallic blue coxae and infuscate claws; hind leg with coxa and femur metallic blue, tibia and tarsomeres white but claws infuscate (Fig. 18e). Gastral tergites almost smooth. Wings hyaline (Fig. 18e).</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀, Bibai, Hokkaido, ex. Tischeria sp. on Quercus mongolica, em. 17.VIII.1975, coll. K. Kamijo (HUMJ); paratypes: 1♀, Bibai, Hokkaido, 10.VIII.1975, coll. Kamijo, ex. Tischeriae sp. on Quercus mongolica (HUMJ); 1♀ 3♂, Sapporo, Hokkaido, ex. Tischeria sp. on Quercus dentata, em. 28.I– 16.II.1956, coll. T. Kumata; 1♀ 1♂, ex. Tischeria sp., em. 1–15.VII.1959 (HUMJ).</p> <p>Other material examined. 1♀, CHINA: Jilin, Jilin Agricultural University, the Department of Biological Control, 5.VI–12.VI.2015, coll. Huan-Xi Cao (IZCAS).</p> <p>Biology. The type specimens were recorded from a lepidopteran leaf-miner species, a Tischeria sp. (Lepidoptera: Tischeriidae), mining leaves of Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb and Quercus dentata Thunb. (Kamijo 1977).</p> <p>Distribution. China: Jilin (new distribution record); Japan; Korea.</p> <p>Remarks. See remarks under P. hirta.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/457787EFFF94FF94D4F5FA04FDD4C641	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cao, Huan-Xi;Dale-Skey, Natalie;Burwell, Chris J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong	Cao, Huan-Xi, Dale-Skey, Natalie, Burwell, Chris J., Zhu, Chao-Dong (2022): Review of the genus Pleurotroppopsis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with interspecific phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 5190 (4): 451-484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.4.1
