taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BF75710063A020FF40FA42FD6AE980.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE SPECIES. — Congocepheus heterotrichus Balogh, 1958.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710063A02BFF23F9E4FDBEEF37.taxon	description	(Figs 1 - 5)	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710063A02BFF23F9E4FDBEEF37.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Holotype: 1 ♀, adult, MAD 89 / 52 Saint Marie, leg. B. Hauser, MHNG. OTHER MATERIAL STUDIED. — 3 ♀♀ “ Mad. 856. Madagascar Centre. Province deTananarive. Forêt de Vanjamanitra (8 km au SE d’Anjorzorobe) alt. 1380 m, FDHMA avec bambou liane, mousses au sol, 12 - V- 1967 J-M Betsch Coll. ” preserved in 70 % ethanol (MNHN), 3 ♀♀ “ Mad. 906. Madagascar nord-est, Province de Tamative. Baie d’Antongil. Ile de Nosy Mangabe, alt 300 m FDHBA, litière, 16 - VII- 1967 J-M. Betsch Coll. ”, preserved in 70 % ethanol (MHNG).	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710063A02BFF23F9E4FDBEEF37.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (ADULT FEMALE). — Setation: c 1, c 2 epimeric, genital, adanal, simple; c 1, c 2, largest, rounded tip; in, ro, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3 lanceolate; in, ro with two medial longitudinal veins; notogastral only one medial longitudinal vein; le lanceolate-dentate; an spiniform. Prodorsum: polyhedral, rounded apically; laterally genal incision present; slightly elevated interlamellar process, complete. Notogastral anterior depression, crossing dorsosejugal furrow, reaching posterior zone of elevated interlamellar process. Low lamellar furrow clearly visible; lamellar apical tip rounded, extending up to le setal insertion. Bothridial opening lateral; bothridial ring smooth with margin not clearly delimited; bothridial tooth present. Sensillus clavate, barbate; appearing similar to toothbrush in lateral view. Superior cornea of naso clearly visible, situated slightly anterior of rostral setal insertion. Tutorium a curving rod-like cuticular thickening anterior and posterior tutorial depression present. Humeral apophysis polyhedral; excavated V-shaped depression present. Notogaster: oval, with prominent polyhedral humeral process; dorsosejugal furrow narrow, rectilinear; notogastral anterior depression ovoid, deep. Fourteen pairs of setae, c 1, c 2 setae inserted on flat slightly elevated region. Circumgastric furrow easily discernible. Lyrifissures: only im, ih, ip clearly visible. Ventral region: thin furrow separating epimera 1, 2, 3; 3 and 4 fused. Epimeral chaetotaxy 3 - 1 - 3 - 3. Discidium triangular, with rounded, expanded apex. Large anterior genital furrow. Four pairs of genital setae. Aggenital setae absent. Three pairs of adanal seta. Two pairs of anal setae; long sharply tipped anal plate. Lyrifissures iad clearly discernible, situated anterior to ad 3 setae. Only one rounded depression behind acetabulum IV.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710063A02BFF23F9E4FDBEEF37.taxon	description	ADULT DESCRIPTION Measurements SEM 291 Μm (300 - 305) × 167 Μm (171 - 176) (measurements on three specimens). Light microscopy 290 Μm (298 - 305) × 168 (172 - 176) (measurements on six specimens). Shape Elongate oval (Figs 1 A, 2 A). Colour S pecimens without cerotegument; dark yellow to brown, clear, slightly shiny, observed in reflected light. Cerotegument Specimens covered by thin layer (Figs 1 A-E; 3 A, B). SEM observations: faintly rugose to smooth. Integument Prodorsal microsculpture: faintly irregular tuberculate: bo, lamella, near insertion ro setae and around CSO; smooth; e. i. p, central zone between l. l. f up to ro setae, CSO surface. Notogastral microsculpture; undulate. Lateral microculpture: slightly irregular tuberculate except for Pd I, Pd II and discidum smooth. Ventral microsculpture; smooth. Setation Lanceolate; in, ro, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3; in and ro with two medial longitudinal veins (Figs 1 B-D; 5 B); notogastral (except c 1, c 2 see below) with one medial longitudinal vein (Figs 1 A, 5 C); in largest; da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, largest; p 1, p 2, p 3, h 3 smaller. Lanceolate-dentate; le setae (Figs 1 B, D; 5 D, F), shape and dentitions size, little variation between specimens (Fig. 1 B, D). Simple; c 1, c 2, epimeric, genital, aggenital and adanal seta (Figs 1 A; 2 A, B; 3 A); c 1 and c 2 largest, with rounded tip. Spiniform; anal setae (Fig. 5 E). Prodorsum Polyhedral, rounded apically (Figs 1 A-D; 2 A). Convex in lateral view (Figs 3 A; 4 A, B); e. i. p slightly elevated, complete (Figs 3 A; 4 A); n. a. d reaching posterior zone of e. i. p.; posterior prodorsal zone depressed (Figs 1 A; 2 A). Three pairs of setae; size in> le> ro; ro setae, inserted slightly antiaxially to medial plane; directed medially and converging; touching each other apically (Fig. 1 A, B, C); in setae inserted near l. l. f (Fig. 1 A, B, C, D); le setae laterally (Figs 1 B, D; 3 A; 4 A; 5 F). Rostral anterior margin rounded; laterally, genal incision (d. ge), rounded, clearly visible (Figs 1 B, D; 4 B, D). Lamellae running dorsolaterally; dorsal furrow (l. l. f) (Figs 1 A, B, C, D; 2 A; 3 A; 4 A, B) demarcating inner paraxial margin; l. l. f terminating in the internal zone of conspicuous lamellar apex (la. ti) (Figs 1 B, C; 3 A); in frontal view (Fig. 4 D) l. l. f appearing as a slightly darker cuticular thickening, visible on surface as shallow furrow. The la. ti robust, round tipped structure (Figs 1 A, B, C; 2 A; 3 A). Bothridial opening laterally (Figs 3 A, C; 4 A). Sensillus more or less clavate (Fig. 3 C), barbate; posterior zone smooth and anterior zone barbate causing toothbrush-like appearance (Fig. 3 D). Situated slightly in front of ro setae insertions, at the same level, superior cornea of naso (CSO) clearly visible (Figs 1 B, C; 4 D) as smooth rounded structure (dorsal view) and convex (in lateral view). Circumgastric furrow easily discernible, situated between la, lm, lp, h 2, h 1 and h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3 setae (Figs 2 A; 3 A). Notogaster Shape; oval, with prominent polyhedral humeral process (Figs 1 A; 2 A); in lateral view, anterior clearly depressed and rest convex (Figs 3 A; 4 A); d. sj narrow, rectilinear, hardly discernible; notogastral anterior depression (n. a. d) ovoid, deep, slightly exceeding d. sj extending to e. i. p (Fig. 3 A). Middle posterior zone of n. a. d, rectilinear; laterally curving, following the shape of h. ap (Fig. 2 A). Circumgastric furrow (s. c) present, hardly discernible (Figs 1 A; 3 A; 5 A), almost always covered by cerotegument; without cerotegument, furrow well discernible, situated between la, lm, h 2, h 1 and p 1, p 2, p 3, h 3, setal insertion (Fig. 2 A). Fourteen pairs of setae, (c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3); c 1, c 2 extending forward, exceeding d. sj by quite a bit (Figs 1 A; 2 A; 3 A), inserted on flat little elevated protuberance. Lyrifissures, only im, ih, ip well visible (Figs 4 A-C). Lateral region Prodorsum; e. i. p slightly elevated. Seta in clearly visible, outwards directed (Figs 3 A; 4 A); Lam easily discernible, terminating in conspicuous la. ti extending to le setae insertion (Figs 1 B; 3 A; 4 D); tu rod-like curved cuticular thickening (Fig. 5 D); s. tu. d deep (Figs 1 B, D; 3 A; 5 D), pocket depression (a. tu. d) in anterior position, on both sides of tu (Figs 4 B; 5 D); rounded pocket depression posteriorly below tu, (p. tu. d) (Fig. 5 D). Anterior; h. ap rounded tip, penetrating posterior bothridial zone (Figs 1 E; 3 A). Excavated V-shaped depression on h. ap clearly visible (Fig. 3 C, indicated by double arrow). Setae c 1, c 2, easily visible; tips extending slightly posterior to level of insertion of seta in (Figs 1 A; 2 A; 3 A; 4 A); small flat elevated protuberance situated posterior c setae; s. c easily discernible (Figs 1 A; 3 A) Lyrifissures hardly discernible; only im, ih clearly visible (Fig. 4 A). One depression (dep) discernible posterior leg IV. Posterior view (Figs 4 C, 5 A) Setae; da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2 directing medially; p 1, p 2, p 3, h 3, directed posteriorly and ventrally. Furrow of circumgastric depression (s. c) clearly visible. Lyrifissure ip easily discernible between p 2 and p 3. Ventral region (Figs 2 B, 3 B) SEM observation; epimera hardly visible due to presence of cerotegumental layer (Fig. 3 B). Optical observation (Fig. 2 B); thin furrow separating epimera 1, 2 and 3; 3 and 4 fused; apo 1, apo 2, apo. sj and apo 3 easily discernible. Epimeral chaetotaxy 3 - 1 - 3 - 3. Discidum (dis) triangular, rounded expanded apex. In front of genital plate a. g. f conspicuous furrow, well delimited. Aggenital setae absent; four pairs of genital setae. Three pairs of adanal seta. Two pairs of anal setae; anal plate terminating in long sharp tip (Fig. 5 E). Lyrifissures iad easily discernible, situated lateral and anterior ad 3 setae. Only one rounded depression clearly discernible posterior acetabulatum IV.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710063A02BFF23F9E4FDBEEF37.taxon	discussion	REMARKS In this species all elements of the “ protection mechanism ” are present, as in Bovicarabodes (Fernandez et al. 2013 a), but the anterior part of h. ap penetrates deeply into the posterior part of bothridium.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710068A02DFF56FC7EFBDFE974.taxon	description	(Figs 6 - 10; Table 1)	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710068A02DFF56FC7EFBDFE974.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet is derived from Gabon, where the type species was collected.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710068A02DFF56FC7EFBDFE974.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Holotype: 1 ♀, Makokou, North-eastern Ogoové-Ivindo Province, 0 ° 34 ’ 0 ” N, 12 ° 52 ’ 0 ’’ E, 500 m. altitude, dense evergreen humid forest, Y. Coineau coll. I. 1974 (MNHN). Paratypes: same date as holotype and preserved in ethanol 70 %; 3 ♀♀ (MNHN), 3 ♀♀ (MHNG), 3 ♀♀ (NMP), 6 ♀♀ not deposited, used for SEM. TYPE LOCALITY. — Makokou, North-eastern Ogoové-Ivindo Province, 0 ° 34 ’ 0 ” N, 12 ° 52 ’ 0 ’’ E.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710068A02DFF56FC7EFBDFE974.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (ADULT FEMALE). — Setae: rostral, interlamellar, notogastral and adanal, lanceolate rugous-dentate margin; ro, with two medial longitudinal veins; others with one medial longitudinal vein, ro directed inwards; in curving backwards; fourteen pairs of notogastral setae; c 2 directed forwards; others directed backwards; epimeric, aggenital, sub-capitular setae, simple; anal setae spiniform; genital setae spiniform, basally inflated. Prodorsum; polyhedral, anterior margin rounded; prominent elevated interlamellar process. Notogastral anterior depression deep, exceeding d. sj, extending to posterior part of prodorsum; shallow lamellar furrow deep, large, horse-shoe shaped with large elevated cuticular ribbon in central zone; ro insertion; anterior rounded end of horseshoe-shaped area; cornea superior naso present, surrounded by deep furrow; robust rounded lamellar tip. Bothridial opening laterally, directed slightly backwards; bothridial ring incomplete, bothridial tooth present. Sensillus uncinate. Humeral apophysis ovoid; anterior tip penetrating posterior bothridial zone. Notogaster; posterior oval, anterior rectangular; clearly visible finger-like projection situated between c 1 setae; circumgastric furrow delimiting two zones; central and lateral; elevated central zone with polyhedral depression pattern and c 1, la, lm, lp, h 2, h 1 setae inserted; lateral zone curving, smooth, with h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3 setae inserted. Tutorium; curving rod-like cuticular thickening; supratutorial depression deep; anterior and posterior tutorial depression pockets, present. Pedotecta I, II, discidium. Ventral region; epimera 1, 2, 3, slightly elevated, delimited by small deep furrow; 3 and 4 fused. Epimeral chaetotaxy 3 - 1 - 3 - 3. Genital zone, anal opening, polyhedral shape, delimited laterally by cuticular thickening; polyhedral depressions, slightly deeper than normal; one pair of aggenital setae situated posterior genital plate and close to ad 3 setal insertion level. Four pairs of genital setae. Three pairs of adanal seta. Two pairs of anal setae; anal plate with small sharp end. Lyrifissures iad not discernible.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710068A02DFF56FC7EFBDFE974.taxon	description	ADULT DESCRIPTION Measurements SEM 370 Μm (361 - 403) × 222 Μm (117 - 231) (measurements from six specimens). Light microscopy 290 Μm (298 - 305) × 168 (172 - 176) (measurements from six specimens). Shape Prodorsum; polyhedral; notogaster; ovoid (Fig. 6 A). Colour Specimens without cerotegument, dark brown to brown, clear; slightly shiny, when observed in reflected light. Cerotegument Specimens covered by thin cerotegumental layer. SEM observations; faintly rugous-porous, irregularly granulate or smooth. Prodorsum; granulate, notogaster: faintly rugousporous (Fig. 6 A). Ventral region; faintly rugous-porous around genital, anal opening, paraxial epimeric zone; smooth: epimeric zone with paraxial zone weakly rugousporous (Fig. 9 A, B). Integument Prodorsal microsculpture; slightly tuberculate: e. i. p; pusticulate: zone between in and ro setae; undulate: bo, lamella; smooth: depressed posterior zone; l. l. f zone and CSO. Notogastral microsculpture; reticulate: central zone; faintly irregularly tuberculate: h. ap, smooth: lateral zone and around n. a. d. Lateral microculpture; faintly irregularly tuberculate: sejugal and depressed zones; smooth: Pd I, Pd II and discidum. Ventral microsculpture; faintly irregularly tuberculate: infracapitulum; smooth: epimeric zone, ventral shield, anal and genital plates. Setation Lanceolate: ro, in, c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3, adanal; ro rugous – dentate margin, two medial longitudinal veins (Fig. 6 D), directing inwards (Figs 6 B; 7 B, C); in, c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2 V-shaped, margin rugous-dentate, one medial longitudinal vein (Fig. 6 E); margins elevated producing V-shape, directing backwards (Figs 6 A-C; 7 A-D; 8 A, B; 9 D); c 2 directing forwards; in wide, curving (Figs 6 A, B; 7 A, B, D; 8 B); c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2 more or less similar width; h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3 small (Figs 6 A-C; 7 A); adanal setae similar in length (Figs 8 C; 9 A, B); simple: epimeric, aggenital, sub-capitular (Figs 8 C; 9 A); spiniform: anal (Fig. 9 E); spiniform basally inflated: genital (Fig. 9 F). Prodorsum Polyhedral, rounded apically (Figs 6 B; 7 C); e. i. p prominent elevated rounded end (Figs 6 B; 7 A, B). Posterior zone: e. i. p depressed (Fig. 6 A, C). Three pairs of setae; size in> le = ro (Fig. 7 B, C); ro setae curving, directed inwards, converging; each apical tip touching the other (Fig. 7 B, C); inserted behind CSO, curving in setae, directed backwards (Figs 6 A-C; 7 A, B, D; 8 A, B) positioned on cuticular transversal ribbon on e. i. p (Fig. 7 B, C); le setae laterally (Fig. 7 A-C). Rostral anterior margin rounded (Fig. 7 C); lamellae run dorsolaterally; l. l. f deep, large, complex horse-shoe shaped furrow (Fig. 6 B); both furrows separated by large elevated cuticular ribbon, ro inserted on anterior rounded end of horse-shoe (Fig. 7 B, C); CSO ovoid, situated in front of l. l. f., surrounded by deep furrow; l. l. f end far to la. ti (Fig. 7 B); robust la. ti structure with rounded tip. Bothridial opening lateral, backwards directed (Figs 7 A; 8 A; 9 C); incomplete bo. ri, smooth; bo. to sharply tipped, clearly visible, si uncinate (Fig. 9 C). Slightly to front of, and at level of ro setae insertions, CSO clearly visible (Fig. 7 B, C) as smooth ovoid structure (dorsal view) and convex (in lateral view). Furrow surrounding CSO posteriorly and laterally (Fig. 7 B, C). Notogaster Shape; posterior oval (dorsal view) (Figs 6 A; 8 B); anterior medial zone rectangular; convex elevated (lateral view) (Figs 7 A; 8 A); d. sj narrow, rectilinear, well delimited (Figs 6 A; 8 B); n. a. d ovoid, deep, extending forwards and exceeding d. sj up to posterior zone of e. i. p (Figs 6 C; 8 A). Fourteen pairs of setae (c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3); c 2 forwards directed; c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 2, p 1, p 2, p 3, backwards directed (Figs 6 A; 7 A; 8 A); f. l. p clearly visible between c 1 setae (Figs 6 A; 8 B). Circumgastric furrow easily discernible delimiting two zones: central and lateral; central zone ovoid, elevated with polyhedral depression pattern (Figs 6 A, B; 8 B; 9 D) where la, lm, lp, h 2, h 1 setae are inserted. Lateral zone, curved, more or less smooth, with h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3 setae; near b. ng, cuticular aligned ribbons (Figs 7 A; 8 A; 9 B). Lateral region Prodorsum; e. i. p elevated. Setae in clearly visible, curving, backwards directed (Figs 7 A, B, D; 8 A). Lam easily discernible, ending in round la. ti extending to le setae insertion (Fig. 7 B); tu curving rod-like cuticular thickening; s. tu. d deep; a. tu. d pocket depression present; posterior zone tu and close to Pd I, ovoid posterior depression (p. tu. d) (Fig. 7 A). Pedotectum I; prominent extending lamina covering the first acetabulum; situated almost parallel to tu, positioned backwards (Figs 7 A; 8 A). Pedotectum II; ovoid lamina, medium size (Figs 7 A; 8 A), situated slightly backwards from acetabulum II, with its posterior part in contact with trochanter III. Discidium situated slightly inwards and ventrally (Fig. 8 C), for this reason hardly discernible in lateral view. Bothridium ovoid to polyhedral (Figs 7 A, B; 9 C); bothridial opening laterally; bo. ri smooth, incomplete, clearly discernible; bo. to present (Fig. 9 C). Humeral apophysis ovoid; upper tip penetrating posterior bothridial zone (Figs 7 A; 8 A). Excavated depression on h. ap clearly visible (indicated by arrow in Fig. 8 A). All setae (prodorsal and notogastral) clearly visible (Figs 7 A; 8 A); s. c hardly discernible. Lyrifissures not discernible (see Remarks). Several large depressions clearly discernible at level of leg III and behind leg IV (Figs 7 A; 8 A). Posterior view Elevated interlamellar process and posterior zone of prodorsum reached by n. a. d, clearly discernible (Fig. 6 C). All notogastral setae easily discernible. Central and lateral notogastral zones delimited by s. c, well discernible (Fig. 6 C). Notogastral ornamentations clearly discernible (Figs 6 C; 9 B). Ventral region SEM: observations flat ventrally (Fig. 9 A) and slightly inclined postero ventrally (Fig. 9 B). Epimera slightly elevated, delimited by slightly deep furrow (bo. 1, bo. 2, bo. sj) (Figs 8 C; 9 B). Epimera 4 fused, epimeral furrow (bo. 3) small (Fig. 8 C); apo 1, apo 2, apo. sj and apo 3 well discernible. Epimeral chaetotaxy 3 - 1 - 3 - 3 (see Remarks). Discidium (dis) triangular, rounded apex expansion; a. g. f hardly discernible, situated in front of genital plate. Genital and anal opening zone; depressed polyhedral, delimited laterally by cuticular thickening; externally to cuticular thickening, the lateral wall descending obliquely. All these zones with large deeper than usual polyhedral depressions (dep). Aggenital setae situated backward to genital opening; inserted slightly paraxially and close to ad 3 setal insertion level (Fig. 8 C). Four pairs of genital setae. Three pairs of adanal setae. Two pairs of anal setae; end of anal plate small, sharply tipped (Fig. 8 C, indicated by arrow). Lyrifissures iad not discernible. Legs (Fig. 10 A-D) All legs monodactyle. Setal formulae I (1 - 3 - 2 - 4 - 17) (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 4 - 3 - 3 - 15) (1 - 1 - 2); III (2 - 3 - 1 - 2 - [14 - 15]) (1 - 1 - 0); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 2 - [12 - 13]) (0 - 1 - 0). In some instances, tarsus III with one additional unpaired seta (provisionally named Ad’), and tarsus IV with a more ventral seta (pv) for this reason the number of setae is between brackets and with an asterisk, indicating variable numbers present.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF75710068A02DFF56FC7EFBDFE974.taxon	discussion	REMARKS In some specimens in setae are large relative to notogastral setae (c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2) but in other specimens in and notogastral setae are of equal size. Very fine dirt found in these specimens is problematic in both SEM and optic microscopy. It hampers observation of detail of microsculptures, lyrifissures and in certain cases, changes the shape of setae (epimeric setae for example).	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF7571006EA039FC91FAA5FC9FEF10.taxon	description	(Figs 11 - 18; Table 2)	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF7571006EA039FC91FAA5FC9FEF10.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet is derived from the exceptional characteristic found in this species; “ ektactesi ” derives from έκτακτες (Grec = extraordinary).	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF7571006EA039FC91FAA5FC9FEF10.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Holotype: 1 ♀, Makokou, Ogoové-Ivindo Province, 0 ° 34 ’ 0 ” N, 12 ° 52 ’ 0 ’’ E, 500 m. altitude; dense evergreen humid forest; Y. Coineau coll. I. 1974 (MNHN). Paratypes: same date as Holotype and preserved in ethanol 70 %; 3 ♀♀ (MNHN), 4 ♀♀ (MHNG), 3 ♀♀ (NMP); 6 ♀♀ not deposited, used for SEM. TYPE LOCALITY. — Makokou, Ogoové-Ivindo Province, north-eastern Gabon; situated at 0 ° 34 ’ 0 ” N, 12 ° 52 ’ 0 ’’ E.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF7571006EA039FC91FAA5FC9FEF10.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (ADULT FEMALE). — Setae; lanceolate-rugous; one medial vein: ro, in, c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3, ad; le; lanceolate-dentate; in directed outwards; c 2, directed forwards; c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2 directed backwards; p 1, p 2, p 3, h 3 directed backwards and down; epimeric: simple: aggenital, with three long pectines; genital and anal: simple, basally somewhat inflated. Prodorsum; polyhedral; elevated interlamellar process, medially elevated, with three zones; two paraxial and one medial; large medial cuticular ribbon separating shallow lamellar furrow, deeper than usual; lamellar tip, short polyhedral apex; superior cornea of naso present; bothridial opening laterally; bothridial ring smooth, incomplete with bothridial tooth. Arching uncinate sensillus. Notogaster; posterior oval; medial zone more or less rectangular; finger like projection clearly visible, smooth flat digitiform expansion. Polyhedral notogastral anterior depression, deep; two inclined lines delimiting posterior part, originating in the proximity of anterior zone of finger like projection; anterior part extending forwards reaching prodorsum; large central zone bordered by conspicuous depressed zones on both sides; clearly discernible polyhedral humeral apophysis; circumgastric furrow easily discernible. Infracapitulum; transversal depression anterior to subcapitular seta h. Elevated cuticular ribbons delimiting epimera; epimeral chaetotaxy 3 - 1 - 3 - 3; discidium triangular, rounded apex expansion; anterior genital furrow well discernible; four pairs of genital setae; two pairs of anal setae; anal plate with small sharp tip; aggenital, adanal and anal setae present; several medium-depth polyhedral depressions laterally to genital opening and anteriolaterally to anal opening; lyrifissure adanal, not discernible. Legs: trochanter III, paraxially with a crown of small spines, three spines almost dorsally.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF7571006EA039FC91FAA5FC9FEF10.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Measurements SEM: 475 Μm (470 - 498) × 237 Μm (221 - 243) (material used for SEM studies not deposited). Light microscopy: 480 Μm (476 - 502) × 240 Μm (233 - 242). Shape Elongate oval (Figs 11 A; 13 D). Colour Specimens without cerotegument, dark brown to brown; slightly shiny when observed in reflected light. Cerotegument Specimens covered by thin layer, following cuticular irregularities, permitting observation of integumental characteristics. Behind c 2 setae, cerotegument granulate (Fig. 11 C). Dirt present, generally on l. l. f (Fig. 15 C) and a. g. f (Fig. 14 A). Integument Prodorsal microsculpture; foveate (Fig. 15 E): lamellae, e. i. p, bothridial and rostral area (Fig. 15 A-D); smooth: l. l. f (Figs 12 E; 15 A, D) zone between l. l. f; (Figs 12 E; 15 A, D); zone surrounding ro; CSO and in setal insertions (Figs 11 A; 15 A, C, D). Notogastral microsculpture; large irregular fovea: dorsal zone (Figs 11 A, B, D; 13 D; 15 A; 16 B, C, D); foveate: h. ap, and zone between h 1 setal insertions (Figs 12 E; 16 B); smooth: n. a. d, zone in front of c 1, la setal insertion (Figs 15 A, 16 C); f. l. p (Figs 11 A, C, E; 15 A; 16 C); behind lp, h 2, h 1 insertion to s. c (Fig. 16 B). Lateral microsculpture; foveate: lamellae; zone below tu; Pd I, superior part well defined and below less so, gradually becoming smooth; Pd II faintly defined but visible (Figs 12 E; 13 A; 16 A, B); smooth: behind legs and zone of large polyhedral depressions (Fig. 13 A). Ventral microsculpture; foveate: infracapitulum, zone surrounding and slightly behind subcapitular seta h insertion (Fig. 14 B); epimeric paraxial zone (Figs 13 D; 14 A) faintly defined; genital plate anterior zone, faintly defined (Fig. 13 C); between adjacent polyhedral depressions, rarely present; smooth: infracapitulum, anterior part (Figs 13 C; 14 B); antiaxial epimeric zone; genital plate; posterior zone; anal plate and zone of large polyhedral depression (Figs 13 C; 14 A, C). Setation Lanceolate; ro, in, c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3, ad, all with more or less rugousdentate margin (Figs 12 A-E; 13 A, D; 14 G; 15 A-D; 16 B, C) and one clearly visible medial vein, but in slightly inclined observation, there are several faint lines parallel to medial vein (Fig. 11 D); ro setae forward directed (Figs 12 E, 13 A; 15 A, C, D); in outwards directed (Figs 12 E; 13 D; 15 A-D); le lanceolate-dentate (Figs 12 E; 17 C); c 2 forward directed (Figs 13 A, D; 15 A; 16 C); c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2 backwards directed (Figs 11 A, B, D; 13 A, D; 15 A; 16 A-C; 17 A, B); p 1, p 2, p 3, h 3 backwards directed and down (Figs 13 A; 16 B). Notogastral setae c 1, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, more or less of even width and length; c 2 thin, similar length to other notogastral setae as cited above; h 1, h 2 slightly narrower and shorter than other seta cited above (Fig. 16 B), but size and lengths are variable (Figs 11 B; 17 A, B); h 3, p 3, p 2, p 1 thin and smallest of all notogastral setae (Figs 11 A; 13 A; 16 B). Adanal (Fig. 14 A, G); ad 1, ad 2 largest. Simple; epimeric (Fig. 14 F), more or less of equal length; but setae 1 a, 1 c, 2 a and in several cases 3 c and 4 c hardly discernible, generally broken (Figs 13 C; 14 A). Aggenital; with long pectins, generally three (Figs 13 C, 14 E). Genital and anal simple, basally slightly inflated (Figs 13 C; 14 C, H). Prodorsum Polyhedral (Figs 11; 13 D; 15 A, D); e. i. p medially elevated (Figs 11 A; 13; 15 A; 16 A-C); in setal insertion zone most prominent part of e. i. p (Figs 11 A; 15 A, B). Backwards to in setal level, prodorsal structure complex; two paraxial zones (p. zo) and one medial zone (m. zo) are clearly delimited (Figs 15 A; 16 C); m. zo triangular to polyhedral shape, delimited laterally by elevated cuticular ribbon (l. c. r); cuticular rectilinear ribbon (m. c. r) in medial zone, delimiting two concave zones (Figs 16 B, C); posterior of m. zo rectilinear. The p. zo situated laterally to m. zo; zones adjoining l. c. r large and concave (Figs 16 B, C). Anterior part of e. i. p from in setal insertion, presenting deep l. l. f, separated by large medial cuticular ribbon (Figs 15 A, D); l. l. f ending in front of in the la. ti (Fig. 15 C); CSO situated in the anterior part of medial cuticular ribbon, between ro setae insertions, smooth ovoid structure (dorsal view) and convex (in lateral view) (Fig. 15 C, D); la. ti polyhedral, short apex (Figs 15 C; 17 C). Rostral anterior margin round-lobed (Figs 12 E; 15 C). Lamellae running dorso-laterally. Bothridial opening lateral, (Figs 13 A; 16 A, B; 17 D); bo. ri smooth, incomplete; bo. to sharp tip clearly visible (Fig. 17 D); si uncinate, arching (Fig. 17 D). Notogaster Shape (dorsal view): oval (posterior zone); rectangular (medial zone); concave (anterior zone); polyhedral (laterally, zone h. ap) (Figs 11 A; 13 D); lateral view: convex elevated; polyhedral (zone h. ap) (Figs 13 A; 16 A); d. sj hardly discernible, narrow, concave (Fig. 13 D). Notogastral anterior depression (n. a. d), deep, complex structure; pair of inclined lines delimiting posterior zone, originating in the proximity of anterior zone of f. l. p (Figs 11 C; 15 A; 16 C); in frontal view (Fig. 15 A), these two lines delimiting a triangular depression, extending laterally to h. ap. Anterior zone extending forwards and exceeding d. sj up to posterior zone of prodorsum, given a complex polyhedral shape (Figs 11 C; 15 A). At the bottom a large polyhedral middle zone, bordered on both sides by a deep zone (Fig. 11 C, indicated by arrow) (see Lateral Region). Humeral apophysis, polyhedral structure (Figs 11 A; 13 D; 16 C). Fourteen pairs of setae (c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h 1, h 2, h 3, p 1, p 2, p 3), f. l. p, well visible (Figs 11 A, C, E; 13 D; 15 A; 16 C). Circumgastric furrow well discernible (Figs 11 A; 13 D; 16 B; 17 A, B). Lateral region (Figs 13 A; 16 A, B) Prodorsum; e. i. p slightly elevated. Lam well discernible, terminating in polyhedral la. ti extending slightly towards le setae insertion (Fig. 17 C); tu a curving rod-like cuticular thickening, clearly delimited; s. tu. d deep, easily visible. Pedotectum I, prominent extended lamina, directed forward. Pedotectum II, ovoid to polyhedral lamina, medium size, situated slightly behind acetabulum II, posterior part in contact with trochanter III. Discidium discernible between acetabula III and IV. Bothridia ovoid to polyhedral; bothridial opening lateral; bo. ri smooth, incomplete with prominent bo. to (Fig. 17 D). Large rectangular to polyhedral humeral apophysis; anterior rectilinear, penetrated by posterior bothridial zone. This last zone very complex (Fig. 13 B). Excavated depression on h. ap clearly visible (Fig. 13 A, indicated by arrow); s. c excavated, easily discernible (Fig. 16 B). Lyrifissures not discernible (see Remarks). Several conspicuous polyhedral depressions behind acetabulum IV. Posterior aspect (Figs 16 B; 17 A, B) Elevated interlamellar process, in setae, bothridium, posterior zone of prodorsum and posterior prodorsal ornamentation clearly visible (Fig. 16 B). Notogastral setae, h. ap, s. c and notogastral microsculpture easily discernible. Ventral region Different observation angles and dispositions are necessary for properly understanding the ventral region. (Figs 13 C; 14 A; 17 B); in flat observation (Figs 13 C; 14 A) elevated and depressed areas clearly discernible. Subcapitulum (Fig. 14 B) with transverse depression immediately in front of seta h. Epimera clearly delimited but it is impossible to establish if delimitations elevated or depressed (Fig. 13 C, optical observation). Epimera 3 and 4 fused. Epimera clearly discernible as slightly depressed more or less flat areas Epimeral chaetotaxy 3 - 1 - 3 - 3; dis triangular, rounded apical expansion; a. g. f medium depth, situated towards the front of genital plate. Four pairs of genital setae; two pairs of anal setae. Anal plate with small sharp tip (Figs 13 C; 14 C, D). Aggenital setae situated posterolaterally to genital plate. Three pairs of adanal setae situated on elevated zone between contiguous depressions (Figs 14 A; 17 B). Adanal and aggenital setae more or less of equal lengths, different shapes (see Setation). Several polyhedral depressions (medium depth) laterally to genital opening and anterolaterally to anal opening (Figs 14 A; 17 B). Lyrifissure iad not discernible (see Remarks). Legs (Fig. 18 A-D) All legs monodactyle. Setal formulae I (1 - 3 - 2 - 4 - 15) (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 4 - 3 - 3 - 15) (1 - 1 - 2); III (2 - 3 - 1 - 2 - (14 - 15) (1 - 1 - 0); 1 - 2 - 2 - 2 - (12 - 13) (0 - 1 - 0). Tarsus III and IV with in some cases one additional seta (see Remarks). Several aspects, hardly discernible in optical microscopy, had to be confimed by SEM studies, such as: presence of d setae on tibia I near solenidium φ 2 and the famulus (ε) situated between solenidia ω 1 and ω 2 (Fig. 17 E), confirmed by SEM; claw with a tooth ventrally and slight dentition laterally and ventrally (Fig. 17 F). Trochanter III particular, with a crown of small spines (Fig. 18 F, indicated by single arrow) on cuticular paraxial thickenings (Fernandez et al. 2013 a) and a series of three spines situated almost dorsally (Fig. 18 F, indicated by double arrow), exceeding the trochanteral margin and clearly visible antiaxially (Fig. 18 E) (see Discussion).	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
03BF7571006EA039FC91FAA5FC9FEF10.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Very fine dirt on these specimens complicated SEM and optic microscopy studies as it prevented observation of details of microsculpture and lyrifissures. In some cases, dirt was attached to setae surfaces and altered their shapes (epimeric setae for example). We found size variations amongst setae; in is largest in most cases; but in some specimens interlamellar and notogastral setae were of equal size; setae h 1 and h 2 presented large variation from equal in size to very small in comparison to other notogastral setae. We found variation in numbers of tarsal chaetotaxy of legs III and IV, similar to that found in C. gabonensis n. sp.	en	Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter, Rollard, Christine, Tiedt, Louvrens (2013): Family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) V. The genus Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 (second part), with a redescription of Congocepheus involutus Mahunka, 1997, and descriptions of two new species. Zoosystema 35 (4): 551-579, DOI: 10.5252/z2013n4a8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a8
