taxonID	type	description	language	source
60513042E16E7D366A570B9CA1EC9CFB.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Caramuruacarus carnavalesca Bassini-Silva and Jacinavicius sp. nov.	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E16E7D366A570B9CA1EC9CFB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Larva. Palptarsus with five-branched setae and solenidion (ω) (Figure 2 (a, b )); odontus tetrafurcate (Figure 2 (a )); cheliceral blade with tricuspid cap and the dorsal side with row of teeth (Figure 2 (a )); eyes present, 2 / 2 (Figure 3); tracheae and stigma absent; prodorsal sclerite with nasus (Figures 3, 10 (a )); pair of flagelliform trichobothria (si) (Figure 3); se setae on prodorsal sclerite (Figures 3, 10 (a )); Fe legs I – III each entire (Figure 5); Cx I bisetose (Figure 5 (a )); Cx II and III each unisetose (Figure 5 (b, c )); pretarsus legs I – III each with claws and claw-like empodium without onychotriches (Figure 5); Ge I with two solenidia (σ) (Figure 5 (a )); Ge II with one solenidion (σ) (Figure 5 (b )); Ge III without solenidia (Figure 5 (c )); Ta I and II each with subterminal eupathidium (ζ) (Figure 5 (a, b )). Deutonymph and adult are unknown.	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E16E7D366A570B9CA1EC9CFB.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new genus is named in honour of the epic poem ‘ Caramuru’ that exalts Brazilian lands, combined with the word ‘ acarus’, which means ‘ mite’ in Latin. Gender masculine.	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E16E7D366A570B9CA1EC9CFB.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Caramuruacarus Bassini-Silva and Jacinavicius gen. nov. is similar to Akodonacarus Goff and Webb, 1989, Hannemania Oudemans, 1911, Leeuwenhoekia Oudemans, 1911, Mastalacarus Goff and Lukoschus, 1983, Morelacarus VercammenGrandjean, 1973 and Xenodontacarus Loomis and Goff, 1973 in having five-branched setae on the palptarsus. The new genus differs from Akodonacarus, Hannemania, Leeuwenhoekia, Morelacarus and Xenodontacarus by having only one side of the cheliceral blade with a row of teeth (Figure 1 (a )), and four-pronged odontus (Figure 2 (a )), while the other genera mentioned above differ by having dorsal and ventral rows of teeth and two or three prongs on the odontus. Furthermore, Caramuruacarus Bassini-Silva and Jacinavicius gen. nov. differs from Akodonacarus by the absence of dorsal eupathidium on Ta I and σ on Ge III – Figure 5 (a, b) (vs present); from Hannemania by having two σ on Ge I – Figure 5 (a) (vs multiples) and absence of σ on Ge III – Figure 5 (c) (vs multiples); from Leeuwenhoekia by the absence of the ζ on the palptarsus – Figure 2 (b) (vs present); from Mastalacarus by having two σ on Ge I – Figure 5 (a) (vs one σ), and the absence of σ on Ge III – Figure 5 (c) (vs present); from Morelacarus by having two σ on Ge I – Figure 5 (a) (vs one σ), and the presence of σ on Ge II – Figure 5 (b) (vs absent); and from Xenodontacarus by having the σ on Ge II – Figure 4 (b) (vs absent) and claws and claw-like empodium without onychotriches – Figure 5 (vs with onychotriches).	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1697D3B6B910BCEA075999E.taxon	description	(Figures 2 – 5 and 10; Tables 1 – 4) Description. Larva (holotype). Gnathosoma – fPp = B / B / BNB / 5 Bω; odontus tetrafurcate; cheliceral blade with tricuspid cap and the ventral side with ventral row of large blunt of 8 to 10 teeth; gnathobase punctate, subcapitular (bs) and adoral (cs) setae branched (Figure 2 (a, b )). Idiosoma – eyes present, 2 / 2, set in ocular plate, anterior lens larger; prodorsal sclerite with sparse punctations (Figures 3, 10 (a )), anterior margin slightly sinuous with nasus, lateral and posterior margins concave; with pair of nude flagelliform trichobothria (si), and four slightly expanded setae [pair of ve (= AL) setae and pair of vi (= AM) setae] plus a pair of expanded and leaflike se (= PL) setae, with long and triangular setules; se> si> vi ≥ ve; tracheae and stigma absent; opisthosoma (Figure 4 (a, b )) with a total of 91 setae, dorsal opisthosoma with 46 setae, C row with 16 setae, D and E rows with eight setae each, F row with six setae and H row with eight setae irregularly placed, and 45 ventral opisthosomal setae (22 setae anterior to the anus and 23 posterior setae). Dorsal and lateral ventral opisthosomal setae expanded and modified, leaflike, like se setae (Figure 10 (b, c )); One pair of sternal setae (3 a) between coxal fields III. Legs – femur of legs I – III not divided into basifemur and telofemur, each leg terminates with pair of claws and claw-like empodium without onychotriches, coxal fields punctate; Leg I – coxal field setae 1 a and 1 b branched (2 B); trochanter 1 B; femur 6 B; genu 4 B, 2 σ and Κ; tibia 8 B, 2 φ and Κ; tarsus 23 B with ω, ε, and subterminal eupathidium (ζ), base of famulus (ε) distal to solenidion (ω) (Figure 5 (a )). Leg II – coxal field seta 2 b (1 B); trochanter 1 B; femur 5 B; genu 4 B, σ and Κ; tibia 6 B, 2 φ; tarsus 16 B with ω, ε and subterminal eupathidium (ζ), base of ε proximal to ω (Figure 5 (b )). Leg III – coxal field seta 3 b (1 B) in distal position; trochanter 1 B; femur 4 B; genu 4 B, tibia 6 B, φ; tarsus 15 B (Figure 5 (c )).	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1697D3B6B910BCEA075999E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype. Larva, Cave CH- 25, Santa Rita de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, (20.552 ° S, 43.514 ° W); 28 – 30 April 2009; on the soil; F. Pellegatti et al. coll.; deposited as IBSP 15693. Etymology. The specific name ‘ carnavalesca’ (adjective related to Carnaval) refers to the extravagance of the dorsal opisthosomal setae, se setae and some ventral setae that recall the costumes of the Carnaval – a traditional Brazilian festival.	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3B6ABC0F29A17898B6.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Hannemania nudosetosa Wharton, 1938	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3F6B880C02A1729C53.taxon	description	(Figures 6 – 10; Tables 1 – 4)	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3F6B880C02A1729C53.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Palpfemur and palpgenu each with single branched seta (Figure 6 (a )); dorsal and ventral setae branched and lateral setae nude on the palptibia (Figure 6 (a, b )); adoral (cs) setae branched (Figure 6 (a )); odontus multifurcate with the apex dividing into five or six prongs, plus two other larger supplementary prongs in the middle of the odontus (Figures 6 (a, b), 10 (f )); nude flagelliform trichobothria (si) (Figures 7, 10 (d )); C and D rows with 12 irregularly placed setae each (Figure 8 (a )); E row with eight setae (Figure 8 (a )); F row with six setae (Figure 8 (a )); H row with four setae (Figure 8 (a )); total opisthosomal setae 42 including 48 to 50 ventral setae (Figure 8 (a, b )); base of famulus (ε) on Ta I and II proximal to solenidion (ω) (Figure 9 (a, b )).	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3F6B880C02A1729C53.taxon	description	Description. Larva (holotype and one paratype). Gnathosoma – fPp = B / B / BNB / 7 Bωζ; odontus multifurcate with the apex dividing into five or six prongs, plus two other larger supplementary prongs in the middle of the odontus (Figure 10 (f )); cheliceral blade with ventral row of large blunt teeth and dorso-lateral row of small pointed teeth bordering the apical cap (more than 15 teeth each side); gnathobase punctate, subcapitular (bs) and adoral (cs) setae branched (Figure 6 (a, b )). Idiosoma – eyes present, 2 / 2, set in ocular plate, anterior lens larger; rectangular prodorsal sclerite sparsely punctate, punctuation mostly concentrated in the lateral regions (Figures 7, 10 (d )), anterior margin slightly sinuous with anterolateral shoulders, lateral margins slightly concave and posterior margin biconvex; with pair of nude flagelliform trichobothria (si), and six normal, branched setae [pair of ve (= AL) setae, pair of se (= PL) setae, and pair of vi (= AM) setae]; si> vi> se> ve; tracheae and stigma absent. Opisthosoma (Figure 8 (a, b )) with a total of 90 to 92 setae entire covered with setules, dorsal opisthosoma (Figure 10 (e )) with 42 setae, C and D rows with 12 irregularly placed setae, E row with eight setae, F row with six setae and H row with four setae, and 48 to 50 ventral opisthosomal setae (17 setae anterior to the anus and 31 to 33 posterior setae). One pair of sternal setae (3 a) between coxal fields III. Legs – femur of legs I – III entire (not divided into basifemur and telofemur), each leg terminates in a pair of claws and claw-like empodium without onychotriches, coxal fields punctate; Leg I – coxal field setae 1 a and 1 b branched (2 B); trochanter 1 B; femur 6 B; genu 4 B, 2 σ and a long Κ; tibia 8 B, 2 φ and a long Κ; tarsus 37 B to 38 B with ω, ε, dorsal eupathidium (ζ’) and subterminal eupathidium (ζ), base of famulus (ε) proximal to solenidion (ω) (Figure 9 (a )). Leg II – coxal field seta 2 b (1 B); trochanter 1 B; femur 5 B; genu 4 B, σ and a long Κ; tibia 6 B, 2 φ; tarsus 28 B with ω, ε and a subterminal eupathidium (ζ), base of ε proximal to ω (Figure 9 (b )). Leg III – coxal field setae 3 b and 3 c (2 B); trochanter 1 B; femur 4 B; genu 4 B, σ, tibia 6 B, φ; tarsus 26 B to 28 B with ω (Figure 9 (c )).	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3F6B880C02A1729C53.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype. Larva, Cave N 3 - 047, Parauapebas, Pará State, Brazil, (6.040 ° S, 50.227 ° W); 3 – 17 April 2013; on the cave soil; F. V. Freitas et al. coll.; deposited as IBSP 14143. Paratype. One larva, same locality and date; deposited as IBSP 14151.	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3F6B880C02A1729C53.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name ‘ parauapebensis’ is in honour of the type locality – Parauapebas Municipality.	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
60513042E1647D3F6B880C02A1729C53.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Whartonia parauapebensis sp. nov. is similar to Whartonia nudosetosa (Wharton, 1938) and Whartonia pachywhartoni Vercammen-Grandjean, 1966, as they share the following characteristics – absence of companion seta (z) on Ta I; Cx III bisetose; and presence of ω on Ta III. However, the new species differs from the other two species by having the following characters: lateral palptibial seta nude (Figure 6 (a )); and the odontus with two larger supplementary prongs in the middle (Figure 6 (a )). Furthermore, the new species has two pair of eyes set in ocular plates, while W. nudosetosa does not have an ocular plate. Also, Whartonia parauapebensis sp. nov. has fewer opisthosomal setae than W. pachywhartoni (90 to 92 setae vs 148 setae). The comparisons were made based on the original descriptions (Wharton 1938; Vercammen-Grandjean 1966) and redescriptions based on the types (Brennan and Dalmat 1960; Reed and Brennan 1975).	en	Bassini-Silva, R., Zampaulo, R. A., Welbourn, C., Ochoa, R., Brescovit, A. D., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Jacinavicius, F. C. (2022): A new genus and two new species of chigger mites (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Brazilian caves with notes about the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944. Journal of Natural History 56 (29 - 32): 1297-1313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2118087
