identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FA2987ACFFF9910FFEDEB0246218F996.text	FA2987ACFFF9910FFEDEB0246218F996.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Pliacanthopus) Giglio-Tos 1927	<div><p>Subgenus Pliacanthopus (Pliacanthopus) Giglio-Tos, 1927</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Pliacanthopus mantispoides (Hebard, 1920)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF9910FFEDEB0246218F996	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFF9910FFE5EB7626248FAC5.text	FA2987ACFFF9910FFE5EB7626248FAC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos 1927	<div><p>Genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos, 1927</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Leaf-dwelling mantis. Body small-sized. Compound eyes rounded, juxtaocular bulges distinct, rounded, slightly higher than the compound eyes; cranial vertex concave; lower frons transverse, narrow. Pronotum narrow, as long as the fore coxae, metazone longer than the prozone, dorsal surface keeled along its midline. Prothoracic femora with 3 discoidal spines, 4 postero-ventral spines; prothoracic tibiae armed with unequal postero-ventral spines. Metathorax with a DK ear (see Yager and Svenson 2008), meso-and metathoracic legs slender. Fore wings narrow, hyaline except for costal field; cells large, approximately quadrilateral. Hind wings hyaline, except for apical part of costal field. Abdomen narrow; subgenital plate with styli, unequal in length in some species. Last segment of cerci elongate. Ventral phallomere of external genitalia rhomboidal, sdpl short, with acute apex.</p> <p>Including species</p> <p>Pliacanthopus (Pliacanthopus) mantispoides (Hebard, 1920) (type locality: Malaysia: North Borneo, Sandakan); Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) flavus (Giglio-Tos, 1915) (type locality: Malaysia: Borneo); P. (M.) malayanus (Beier, 1931) (type locality: Malaysia: Selangor, Bukit Kutu); P. (M.) bimaculatus (Wang, 1993) (type locality: China: Yunnan, Jinghong); P. (M.) visayanus Schwarz, 2021 (type locality: Philippines: Panay Island); P. (M.) tricolor sp. nov. (type locality: China: Tibet, Medog).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF9910FFE5EB7626248FAC5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFF9910EFECAB31661CAFE74.text	FA2987ACFFF9910EFECAB31661CAFE74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Pliacanthopus) mantispoides (Hebard 1920)	<div><p>Pliacanthopus (Pliacanthopus) mantispoides (Hebard, 1920)</p> <p>Polyacanthopus mantispoides Hebard, 1920: 26–27; Otte 1978: 76. Pliacanthopus mantispoides: Giglio-Tos 1927: 146. Xanthomantis (Pliacanthopus) mantispoides: Beier 1935: 61;</p> <p>Ehrmann 2002: 366; Otte and Spearman 2005: 126. Pliacanthopus (Pliacanthopus) mantispoides: Schwarz and Konopik 2014: 147.</p> <p>Type locality</p> <p>Malaysia: North Borneo, Sandakan.</p> <p>Measurements (length in mm) (Hebard 1920)</p> <p>Body: 21; pronotum: 5; fore femora: male 5.3; fore wing: 15.5.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Malaysia: North Borneo.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF9910EFECAB31661CAFE74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFF8910EFF2EB76D6251FD77.text	FA2987ACFFF8910EFF2EB76D6251FD77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) Kocak and Kemal 2008	<div><p>Subgenus Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) Koçak and Kemal, 2008</p> <p>= Xanthomantis Giglio-Tos, 1915</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Xanthomantis flava Giglio-Tos, 1915.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF8910EFF2EB76D6251FD77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFF89109FEF8B6616118FBCE.text	FA2987ACFFF89109FEF8B6616118FBCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) flavus (Giglio-Tos 1915)	<div><p>Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) flavus (Giglio-Tos, 1915)</p> <p>(Figures 1 (a), 3(a), 4(a), 5(a), 6(a), 7, 11(a))</p> <p>Xanthomantis flava Giglio-Tos, 1915: 53–54; Hebard 1920: 24; Giglio-Tos 1927: 146; Beier 1931: 12. Xanthomantis (Xanthomantis) flava: Beier 1935: 61; Beier 1937: 177; Ehrmann 2002: 365; Otte and Spearman 2005: 126. Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) flavus: Koçak and Kemal 2008: 9; Schwarz and Konopik 2014: 147.</p> <p>Type locality</p> <p>Malaysia: North Borneo, Sandakan.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>4♂, Borneo, Sabah, Trus Madi Mt.; 5.443°N, 116.451°E; 1180 m; 6–9 April 2017; Chao Wu leg. (IZCAS).</p> <p>Body small-sized, common characteristics same as for the genus. Juxtaocular bulge of head without black spot. Prothoracic tibiae armed with 12–13 postero-ventral spines, the spination pattern of which is iIiii(i)IiiiiiI (from proximal to distal, the same below) (Figure 5 (a)). Subgenital plate triangular, with concave apex, with similar-shaped styli of similar lengths (Figure 7 (b)). Cerci elongate, but not surpassing wings; last segment longest, with rounded apex (Figure 7 (c)). Ventral phallomere of external genitalia rhomboidal; sdpl short, with acute apex, folded to the ventral side (Figure 7 (a)).</p> <p>Hebard (1920) recorded the distribution of this species in Singapore (Malay Peninsula) based on a female specimen. However, as pointed out by Schwarz and Konopik (2014), taking into account geographical factors, this record may belong to P. (M.) malayanus, while the distribution range of P. (M.) flavus is likely to be limited to only Borneo.</p> <p>Measurements (length in mm)</p> <p>Body (head to abdomen end): male 21.75–21.98; body (head to wings): male 24.05– 24.56; pronotum: male 4.45–4.78; fore femora: male 4.67–4.81; fore tibiae: male 3.85–3.91; hind femora: male 5.83–5.91; hind tibiae: male 6.18–6.26; hind tarsus: male 3.95–4.03; fore wing: male 15.85–16.31; hind wing: male 15.79–16.32.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Malaysia: Borneo-N.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF89109FEF8B6616118FBCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFFF9108FEE8B1D16110F9A7.text	FA2987ACFFFF9108FEE8B1D16110F9A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) malayanus (Beier 1931)	<div><p>Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) malayanus (Beier, 1931)</p> <p>Xanthomantis malayana Beier, 1931: 150. Xanthomantis (Xanthomantis) malayana: Beier 1935: 61; Ehrmann 2002: 365; Otte and Spearman 2005: 126. Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) malayanus: Koçak and Kemal 2008: 9; Schwarz 2021: 40.</p> <p>Type locality</p> <p>Malaysia: Selangor, Bukit Kutu.</p> <p>Notes</p> <p>This species is similar to P. (M.) flavus; prothoracic tibiae are armed with only 10 posteroventral spines (iIiiIiiiiI) in P. (M.) malayanus, compared to 12–13 in P. (M.) flavus. In addition, after checking the pictures of the type of Xanthomantis malayana Beier, 1932 in the Natural History Museum (NHM) Data Portal (URL: https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/ 4ee76988-53b9-4399-a5f1-cfa57749dca6/1655337600000), we found that the juxtaocular bulges of the head do not have a black spot in P. (M.) malayanus; that feature distinguishes the species from P. (M.) bimaculatus. Beier (1931) indicated that the costal field of the fore wings is green in P. (M.) malayanus, but this feature is not seen in its type specimen. The abdomen of the type specimen is mutilated, and the characteristics of the cerci are unclear.</p> <p>Measurements (length in mm) (Beier 1931)</p> <p>Body: 20–21; pronotum: 4–4.2; fore wing: 16–16.5.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Malaysia: Selangor.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFFF9108FEE8B1D16110F9A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFFD9104FEF4B66D641EF98C.text	FA2987ACFFFD9104FEF4B66D641EF98C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) bimaculatus (Wang 1993)	<div><p>Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) bimaculatus (Wang, 1993)</p> <p>(Figures 1 (b), 2 (a), 3 (b–c), 4 (b–c), 5 (b–d), 6 (b–c), 8, 9 (a–c, e),10, 11 (b), 12)</p> <p>Xanthomantis bimaculata Wang, 1993: 88–89. Xanthomantis (Xanthomantis) bimaculata: Ehrmann 2002: 365; Otte and Spearman 2005: 126. Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) bimaculatus: Koçak and Kemal 2008: 9.</p> <p>Type locality</p> <p>China: Yunnan, Jinghong.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>7♂, 1♀. China: 1♂; Yunnan, Jinghong, Ji’nuo; 8 September 1991; Zu-Yao Liu et al. leg.; Holotype (SEM) (Figure 10). 1♂; Yunnan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.989&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.031" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.989/lat 22.031)">Jinghong</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.989&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.031" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.989/lat 22.031)">Ji’nuo</a>; 22.031°N, 100.989°E; 1400 m; 8 May 2019; Chao Wu leg. (CWC). 1♂; Yunnan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.989&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.037" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.989/lat 22.037)">Jinghong</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.989&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.037" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.989/lat 22.037)">Ji’nuo</a>; 22.037°N, 100.989°E; 1350 m; 10 May 2019; Chao Wu leg. (CWC). 1♂; Yunnan, Ruili, Mengxiu; 1300 m; 27 April 1980; Jin-Wen Shang leg. (IZCAS). 1♂; Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghun; 1200–1400 m; 10 May 1958; Chun-Pei Hong leg. (IZCAS). 1♂; Yunnan, Jinghong, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.857&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.183" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.857/lat 22.183)">Mengyang</a>; 22.183°N, 100.857°E; 890 m; 26 April 2019; Yu-Chen Zheng leg. (CWC). 1♀; Yunnan, Jinghong, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.993" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.175/lat 21.993)">Bakacun</a>; 21.993°N, 101.175°E; 850 m; 26 July 2017; Wen-Kai Kou leg. (CWC). 1♂; Yunnan, Pu’Er, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.974&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.727" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.974/lat 22.727)">Cha Shan Mt.</a>; 22.727°N, 100.974°E; 1250 m; 22 May 2021; YuChen Zheng leg. (CWC).</p> <p>Redescription of male</p> <p>Head triangular; compound eyes rounded, exophthalmic. Ocelli ovoid, lateral ocelli similar to median ocellus. Juxtaocular bulges distinct, rounded, with a black spot (Figure 2 (a)), the vertex with a low tubercle. Lower frons transverse, narrow; dorsal margin with concavity on each dorso-lateral side, bulging on median part, without median tubercle (Figure 4 (b)). Antennae filiform, long, slightly shorter than body. Pronotum with a median keel, supracoxal dilatation well-marked; the ratio of pronotum length to supracoxal dilatation width about 2.79–2.80. Prothoracic femora with 3 discoidal spines, 4 postero-ventral spines, and a genicular spur; prothoracic femora also lined with 13–14 long and short antero-ventral spines, the spination pattern of which is iIiIiIiIiI(i)iiI. Prothoracic tibiae armed with 9–11 long and short postero-ventral spines, the spination pattern of which is (i)Iii(i)Iiiii(i)I; prothoracic tibiae also with 13–14 antero-ventral spines gradually lengthening distad (Figure 5 (b,c)). Meso- and metathoracic legs elongate, slender; first joint of hind tarsus longer than combined length of the remaining segments. Ventral margins of claw of all tarsi dentate, comb-like (Figure 9 (e)). Fore wings surpassing abdomen, narrow, hyaline except for costal field; discoidal field iridescent; cells large, approximately quadrilateral (Figure 6 (b)). Hind wings longer than fore wings, hyaline except costal field apex. Abdomen narrow, elongate, with parallel lateral margins. Supra-anal plate triangular. Subgenital plate with styli of different lengths, the left stylus being much longer than right stylus (Figure 8 (b)). Cerci elongate, surpassing wings; last segment longest, accounting for 1/3 of total length of cerci, with subacute apex (Figures 8 (c) and 9(b)).</p> <p>External genitalia (Figures 8 (a) and 9(a))</p> <p>Ventral phallomere rhomboidal; sdpl robust, very sharp, and curved towards right, with acute apex; pda expanded, more or less pigmented on its left edge. Right phallomere normal. Afa short, sclerotised, with blunt tip; paa digitiform, elongated, curved.</p> <p>Female (Figure 3 (c))</p> <p>Similar to male, but body slightly larger and more robust. The ratio of pronotum length to supracoxal dilatation width about 2.35–2.36. Prothoracic femora with 14 antero-ventral spines, spination pattern of which is iIiIiIiIiIiiI. Prothoracic tibiae armed with 8–9 long and short postero-ventral spines, spination pattern of which is Ii(i)IiiiiI; spines slightly varying in number in different individuals; prothoracic tibiae with 15 antero-ventral spines gradually lengthening distad (Figure 5 (d)). Fore wings similar to those of male, but costal field comparatively wider, thicker, and darker (Figure 6 (c)). Last segment of cerci similar to male, but short, with subacute apex (Figure 9 (c)).</p> <p>Colouration</p> <p>Generally yellowish green. Compound eyes yellow, with reddish spots and markings along antero-lateral margin. Lower frons reddish. Antennae yellowish green. Middle area of pronotum yellow. Legs yellowish green; irregularly greenish bands present on prothoracic legs; tip of spines brownish. Fore wings hyaline with pale green veins, except bright yellow costal field. Hind wings hyaline, veins pale green, except yellow costal field apex. Abdomen and cerci yellowish green.</p> <p>Ootheca</p> <p>Very flat. Nearly lamellar, with a pointed prolongation at each end (Figure 8 (d,e)). Usually about 10 eggs present in an ootheca.</p> <p>Nymphs</p> <p>Body very slender, nearly transparent; yellowish green, with small reddish-brown spots.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFFD9104FEF4B66D641EF98C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFF09100FEE3B3506114FACD.text	FA2987ACFFF09100FEE3B3506114FACD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) visayanus Schwarz 2021	<div><p>Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) visayanus Schwarz, 2021</p> <p>Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) visayanus Schwarz, 2021: 36–40.</p> <p>Type locality</p> <p>Philippines: Panay Island.</p> <p>See Schwarz (2021). Similar to P. (M.) flavus (Giglio-Tos), but last segment of the cerci with subacute apex. Only recorded from the type locality.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Panay, Philippines.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF09100FEE3B3506114FACD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
FA2987ACFFF6911DFEEEB02264E5FD73.text	FA2987ACFFF6911DFEEEB02264E5FD73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) tricolor Wu and Liu 2022	<div><p>Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) tricolor Wu and Liu sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1 (c), 2(b), 3(d), 4(d), 5(e), 6(d), 9(d), 11(c), 12)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>3♀. Holotype: China: 1♀; Tibet, Medog, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.173&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.238" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.173/lat 29.238)">Beibeng</a>; 29.238°N, 95.173°E; 900 m; 11 August 2011; Wen-Xuan Bi leg. (IZCAS). Paratypes: China: 1♀; Tibet, Medog, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.227" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.168/lat 29.227)">Gelin</a>; 29.227°N, 95.168°E; 1500 m; 22 August 2020; Yu-Chen Zheng leg. (IZCAS). 1♀; same as above (CWC).</p> <p>Description of female</p> <p>Generally yellowish green with rich colours. Body slender, small-sized.</p> <p>Head. Triangular. Compound eyes exophthalmic, with rounded margins. Ocelli ovoid, lateral ocelli similar to median ocellus. Juxtaocular bulges present, rounded, with a black spot (Figure 2 (b)), the vertex with a low tubercle. Lower frons transverse, narrow; dorsal margin with concavity on each side, bulging on median part, without median tubercle, with black tear-shaped spots on both ends (Figure 4 (d)). Antennae slender, filamentous, shorter than the body.</p> <p>Pronotum. Relatively broad, with a median keel; supracoxal dilatation well marked, prozona with a pair of long black spots on anterior margin (Figure 2 (b)). The ratio of pronotum length to supracoxal dilatation width about 2.68–2.70.</p> <p>Prothoracic legs. Coxae slightly longer than pronotum, with smooth dorsal margin. Femora longer than coxae, dorsal margin slightly sinuate, with a series of denticles on external ventral margin; with 3 discoidal spines, 4 postero-ventral spines, and a genicular spur. Femora with 14–15 antero-ventral spines, spination pattern of which is IiiIiIiIiIiIiIi or IiIiIiIiIiIiIi. Tibiae interlaced with 7 long and short postero-ventral spines, spination pattern of which is I_IiiIiI (the two large basal spines far apart). Tibiae with 13– 14 antero-ventral spines gradually lengthening distad (Figure 5 (e)). Tarsus nearly as long as tibia; the first joint of tarsus longer than total length of the remaining segments.</p> <p>Meso- and metathoracic legs. Slender. First joint of mid tarsus as long as total length of the remaining segments; first joint of hind tarsus much longer than total length of the remaining segments. Ventral margins of claw of tarsus dentate, comb-like.</p> <p>Wings. Fore wings surpassing abdomen, with rounded apex; fore wings hyaline, except for costal field; costal field opaque, gradually tapering towards apex, with black neighbouring medial veins; discoidal field iridescent, with large, approximately quadrilateral cells; stigma nearly missing (Figure 6 (d)). Hind wings longer than fore wings, iridescent, hyaline except costal field apex.</p> <p>Abdomen. Tubular. Supra-anal plate triangular. Cerci elongate; last segment distinctly elongate, sheet-like, lanceolate, with subacute apex (Figure 9 (d)).</p> <p>Colouration</p> <p>Overall yellowish green (Figure 1 (c)). Head pale green. Compound eyes yellow, with reddish spots and markings along antero-lateral margin. Lower frons dark green, except a black spot at each end. Juxtaocular bulges with a black spot. Antennae pale green near base, other segments with blackish-brown apex. Pronotum pale green; median keel yellow, with a yellowish-white area on each side. Legs yellowish green; irregular greenish bands present on prothoracic legs; tip of spines brownish. Fore wings light green to white; costal field bright yellow, opaque; discoidal field hyaline, medial veins and cross-veins adjacent to costal field black, the rest of the veins pale green (Figure 6 (d)). Hind wings hyaline except the distal part of the costal field, veins pale green, except yellow costal field apex. Abdomen and cerci yellow-green, whitish.</p> <p>Male</p> <p>Unknown.</p> <p>Measurements (length in mm, holotype in parentheses), female.</p> <p>Body (head to abdomen end): 26.85–27.08 (27.08); body (head to wings): 29.44–29.94 (29.94); pronotum: 5.46–5.50 (5.50); fore femora: 5.83–5.90 (5.90); fore tibiae: 4.60–4.64 (4.64); hind femora: 6.85–6.92 (6.92); hind tibiae: 7.58–7.63 (7.63); hind tarsus: 5.44–5.60 (5.60); fore wing: 18.85–18.98 (18.98); hind wing: 19.65–20.20 (20.20).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis</p> <p>Although differences from Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) malayanus are unclear, P. (M.) flavus has a rounded last cercal segment, vs. P. (M.) visayanus, P. (M.) bimaculatus and P. (M.) tricolor sp. nov. with very elongate, subscute cercal segments, but the widest part is near the base in P. visayanus, while it is just after the first third in the Chinese species. This new species is slightly similar to Pliacanthopus (Malayamantis) bimaculatus (Wang, 1993). It can be distinguished from the congeners by the following characteristics of females: (1) body size is larger; (2) lower frons is dark green, with a black spot on each end (Figure 4 (d)); (3) pronotum bears a pair of long black spots on the front margin (Figure 2 (b)); (4) spination pattern is different in the fore tibial postero-ventral spines; (5) fore wings possess a black radial vein (Figure 6 (d)). In addition, its geographical distribution is also different.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>China: Tibet, Medog.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The new species was named after the rich colours it displays when alive.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Female characters of P. (M.) tricolor sp. nov. are unique enough to be easily distinguished from all other known congeners, although no male specimens were available for genital dissection. The two Chinese species are distantly isolated; P. (M.) bimaculatus (Wang, 1993) is distributed in southern Yunnan, while P. (M.) tricolor sp. nov. is distributed on the southern slopes of the Himalayas (Figure 12). Pliacanthopus (M.) tricolor sp. nov. is the westernmost and northernmost record of the genus, appearing in the Himalayas up to 1500 m elevation; the other species are distributed in the tropical rainforest environment of Southeast Asia. In Tibet, we only collected three female specimens of P. (M.) tricolor sp. nov., which were attracted by a light trap, from June to September during 10 expeditions from 2011 to 2020. Males could not be found. We expect further study on this unique species in the future.</p> <p>Key to species of Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos, 1927</p> <p>1. Anterior tibiae with about 25 postero-ventral spines (subgenus Pliacanthopus)................................................................................................................................................. P. (P.) mantispoides</p> <p>- Anterior tibiae with about 7–13 postero-ventral spines (subgenus Malayama ntis)............................................................................................................................................................ 2</p> <p>2. Juxtaocular bulges each with a black spot.................................................................................. 3</p> <p>- Juxtaocular bulges without black spot......................................................................................... 4</p> <p>3. Medial veins and cross-veins adjacent to costal field of fore wings black...................................................................................................................................................... P. (M.) tricolor sp. nov.</p> <p>- Medial veins and cross-veins adjacent to costal field of fore wings pale green.................................................................................................................................................. P. (M.) bimaculatus</p> <p>4. Anterior tibiae with about 10 postero-ventral spines............................. P. (M.) malayanus</p> <p>- Anterior tibiae with 12–13 postero-ventral spines................................................................... 5</p> <p>5. Last segment of the cerci with rounded apex.................................................... P. (M.) flavus</p> <p>- Last segment of the cerci with subacute apex............................................ P. (M.) visayanus</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA2987ACFFF6911DFEEEB02264E5FD73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Wu, Chao;Liu, Chun-Xiang	Wu, Chao, Liu, Chun-Xiang (2022): New and little-known species of genus Pliacanthopus Giglio-Tos (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Nanomantidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32): 1279-1296, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2117106
