taxonID	type	description	language	source
40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species. Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925.	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Latin word hylaeus (Greek hylaios), from the forest, meaning a forest termite.	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F.taxon	synonymic_list	Included species. Hyleotermes brevipilus (Emerson, 1925)	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The head capsule Hyleotermes soldier is ovoid in dorsal view, has a long cylindrical nasus, lacks a constriction and long setae, and is covered with microscopic hairs. The mixed segment of the slightly dimorphic worker caste is very short and the enteric valve has six cushions of differing sizes, with each adorned with a few to dozens of narrow spines on conical bases.	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F.taxon	description	Description Imago. Eyes large slightly ovoid; ocelli large and elliptical, about as large as antennal socket. Postclypeus slightly arched in profile; midline conspicuous and slightly depressed; anterior margin nearly straight; posterior margin convex. Fontanelle conspicuous, slit-shaped. Epicranial suture faint. Antenna with 15 articles. Mandibular dentition similar to those of worker type 2. Pronotum trapezoidal in dorsal view; anterior and posterior margins nearly rectate. Posterior margin of meso- and metanotum deeply and broadly emarginated; posterolateral corners of meso- and metanotum rounded. Tibial spurs 2: 2: 2. Soldier. Monomorphic. In dorsal view, head capsule longer than wide, not constricted. Nasus elongate, subcylindrical. Head capsule, legs, and thoracic sclerites covered with dense short and rather thick hairs. Mandibles with small but well-defined ‘ points’. Antenna with 12 articles. Postclypeus not convex in profile. Labrum shorter than wide, with rounded anterior margin, parallel lateral margins, and rounded anterior corners. Pronotum with anterior lobe as developed as the posterior one, forming an obtuse angle between them. Procoxa conical, not forming a keel and without a hump on the anterior surface. Tibial spurs 2: 2: 2. Worker. Dimorphic, but both types similar in size. Left mandible of type 1 (Fig. 3 A) with a narrow gap between the third marginal tooth (M 3) and the molar prominence (MP), a darker colored, subtrapezoidal head capsule, and narrower pronotum with its anterior lobe larger than the posterior one. Left mandible of type 2 (Fig. 3 B) with a broad gap, a slightly lighter colored head capsule with more convex sides, and a wider pronotum with the anterior lobe about the same size as the posterior one. Both workers with fontanelle situated in the posterior half of the head capsule, pale and slightly depressed, in profile view. Postclypeus not inflated. Antenna with 13 articles. Tibial spurs 2: 2: 2. Left mandible of both types with apical tooth larger than M 1; posterior margin of apical tooth slightly concave; acute angle between posterior margin of apical tooth and anterior margin of M 1; posterior margin of M 1 sinuous; M 3 short but distinct, separated from the molar prominence by a V-shaped gap in worker type I and a broad gap in worker type 2; M 4 short, hidden beneath molar prominence; molar prominence concave, with faint ridges. Right mandible with apical tooth larger than M 1; M 3 reduced, with rounded tip; posterior margin of M 3 concave; molar plate concave with faint ridges; basal notch well-defined, but narrow in type 2 workers. Gut Coiling (Figs. 5 A – F). Crop slightly more developed than gizzard, partially visible in left lateral view. Mesenteron passing through right side of the abdomen to join the first proctodeal segment (P 1) before reaching medial line in ventral view. Very short mixed segment; mesenteric tongue external to the mesenteric arc, not constricted proximally, lateral margins converging distally. Malpighian tubules arranged in two adjacent pairs, but attached on the inner face of the mesenteric arc individually at mesenteron – proctodeum junction; tubules slightly dilated at the attachment point (Fig. 5 E). P 1 tubular, slightly larger than the mesenteron, reaching left side of abdomen. Distal part of P 3 protruding through mesenteric arc, very prominent in dorsal view, notoriously dislocated to left; isthmus conspicuous. Dorsal torsion well developed. ‘ U-turn’ tubular, slightly dilated, visible in lateral right view (Fig. 5 F). Distal colon tubular, narrow than the proximal part and joining the rectum in dorsal view. Internal compartment ornamentation. Crop cuticle with pectinate scales. Gizzard (Figs. 6 A – C) with completely sclerotized cuticular armature (hexaradial symmetry); pulvillar belt more developed than columnar belt, pulvilli I more developed than pulvilli II, both with their entire surface covered with long aciculiform spines; columns I and II ornamented with short spines. Cuticle of P 1 armed with spines only at mesenteron – proctodeum junction. Armature of the enteric valve weakly sclerotized (Fig. 6 D), organized in two rings; anterior ring (or upper ring, closest to P 1) with 10 - 20 small spines barely organized in three cushions; posterior ring (or lower ring, closest to P 3) with six subconical cushions varying in size; each cushion covered with a few to thirty narrow spines projecting from basal scales (Fig. 7 A).	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F.taxon	discussion	Comparisons. The Hyleotermes brevipilus soldier is closest to soldiers of Ereymatermes Constantino, 1991, and Subulitermes Holmgren, 1910 in that all three are small, yellowish in coloration, and have cylindrical nasi. Of these, only the headcapsules of H. brevipilus, S. constricticeps, Constantino, 1991, and S. microsoma (Silvestri, 1903) lack long setae. Subulitermes constricticeps and S. microsoma are much smaller (mean head width ca. 0.6 mm). The worker enteric valve of H. brevipilus is diagnostic and differs those of Ereymatermes (Constantino 1991) and Subulitermes (Fontes 1986). The following worker characters are distinct in Nasutitermes s. str.: EVA with pointed scales on large and small cushions, with trailing columns of scales toward posterior (Fig. 7 B); molar plate narrow, straight, with well-developed ridges; each mandible with a short apical tooth and larger marginal teeth; mixed segment very long; enteric valve unsclerotized, with minute spines. Also, in Nasutitermes female workers are conspicuously larger than male workers. In all genera of Nasutitermes s. str., the worker mandibles have conspicuous molar ridges, and most of them have a long mixed segment.	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC4BF7BA69D694DFAEA4333.taxon	description	Figs. 2 – 3, 5 – 7	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC4BF7BA69D694DFAEA4333.taxon	description	Redescription Imago (Fig. 2 A – C). Head capsule with dense coverage of short fine decumbent hairs and few long scattered erect bristles. Labrum covered by short erect hairs, with two long erect bristles on its midline, and with few shorter bristles at the apex. Pronotum with erect bristles along lateral and posterior margins, and many short fine decumbent hairs over its entire surface. Wing scales with erect bristles, more abundant over costal margin, and with shorter decumbent bristles over entire surface. Meso- and metanotum with many short fine decumbent hairs. Tergites with dense coverage of fine decumbent short bristles, plus row of erect bristles on posterior margin. Sternites with erect bristles over entire surface, plus decumbent ones. Head capsule yellow-brown, with visible lighter frontal marks. Postclypeus yellowish with middle line brown. Labrum pale yellowish. Antennal articles yellow-brown. Legs yellowish. Thoracic nota and tergites yellowish brown; sternites lighter-colored than tergites. Measurements of two females and five males from sample USNM 2019, range and mean (mm): width of head without eyes 0.73 – 0.77 (0.74), diameter of eye 0.37, length of ocellus 0.13 – 0.17 (0.15), width of ocellus 0.10 – 0.13 (0.12), eye-ocellus distance 0.03, width of pronotum 0.83 – 0.90 (0.86), length of pronotum 0.53 – 0.60 (0.57), length of hind tibia 1.47 – 1.53 (1.50). Soldier (Fig. 2 D-E). Head capsule with lateral margins convex, no constriction behind antennal insertion. Dorsal surface of head capsule in profile, converging towards base of nasus with no depression or elevation; vertex outwards in profile. Anterior margin of pronotum rounded, not emarginated. Very short hairs over surface of head capsule, postmentum, legs, and antennae; four short erect bristles on base of nasus; two erect bristles on vertex. Thoracic nota with short hairs over margins. Tergites with decumbent short hairs over surface and a row of four decumbent bristles at posterior margin. Sternites with decumbent short hairs over surface and erect bristles. Head capsule, antenna and postmentum yellowish brown, nasus darker near tip. Thoracic nota, tergites, sternites and legs yellow whitish. Measurements of 38 soldiers from five samples, range and mean (mm): length of head with nasus 1.56 – 1.80 (1.68), length of head without nasus 0.88 – 1.03 (0.95), width of head 0.73 – 0.90 (0.80), width of pronotum 0.37 – 0.47 (0.42), length of hind tibia 0.83 – 1.05 (0.94). Worker (Figs. 2 F-H, 3, 5 – 6). Head capsule, including postclypeus, with dense coverage of short hairs and eight long erect bristles; postclypeus with two long erect bristles on anterior margin, some short hairs over surface and shorter bristles on posterior margin; pronotum with short hairs on anterior and posterior margins; meso- and metanotum with short hairs; tergites with a row of bristles on posterior margin and many hairs over surface. Measurements of workers from four colonies, range and mean (mm); see Fig. 4 for morphometric differences between the two worker types. Type 1 (n = 25): width of head 0.68 – 0.77 (0.72), width of pronotum 0.38 – 0.43 (0.40), length of hind tibia 0.70 – 0.87 (0.79); Type 2 (n = 19): width of head 0.67 – 0.77 (0.74), width of pronotum 0.44 – 0.48 (0.46), length of hind tibia 0.80 – 0.95 (0.89). Left mandible index (n = 23): 0.70.	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC4BF7BA69D694DFAEA4333.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 7). Amazon region of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, and Venezuela.	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
40033A2AFFC4BF7BA69D694DFAEA4333.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material: Holotype: female imago, Guyana, Bartica District, Kartabo (6.38 N 58.7 W), 16. viii. 1920, A. E. Emerson coll. and det., AMNH, # 214. Paratypes: same data sample as holotype, imagos, soldiers (including a “ morphotype ”), and workers (AMNH); and another sample from the same locality, 19. vii. 1920, A. E. Emerson coll. and det., imagos, soldiers, workers, larvae and presoldier (USNM- 2019). Other material: BRAZIL. State of Amazonas. São Gabriel da Cachoeira (0.13 S 67.089 W): soldiers, workers, 15. x. 2007, D. R. M. Mendonça leg. (UnB- 7613). State of Mato Grosso. Juruena: Rohden Lignea (10.469 S 58.582 W): soldiers, workers, 03. vii. 2002, R. Constantino leg. (UnB- 3334). COLOMBIA. Caquetá. San Vicente del Caguan (2.114 N 74.769 W): soldiers and workers, 19. iv. 2018, Daniel Castro leg. (UFTC-CO 914). ECUADOR. Orellana Province. Tiputini River (0.675 S 76.369 W): soldiers, workers, 01. vi. 2011, R. H. Scheffrahn leg. (UFTC-EC 1165). VENEZUELA. State of Bolívar. La Culebra — Auyantepui (6.683 N 66.967 W): soldiers, workers, 24. i. 1991, C. J. Rosales leg. (UnB- 2014).	en	Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H., Constantino, Reginaldo (2022): Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov. Zootaxa 5195 (1): 73-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4
