identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FBB5FF0CFA8A.text	03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FBB5FF0CFA8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe luciae , Hamet 1908	<div><p>2. Kalanchoe luciae Hamet (1908a: 256) (Fig. 2)</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Transvaal [Limpopo Province]—2329 (Pietersburg): Soutpansberg district, Spelonken, (– CD), 1904, H. Junod s.n. (holotype G G00418142!).</p> <p>Homotypic synonym:— Kalanchoe luciae subsp. luciae (sensu Tölken 1978: 89).</p> <p>Heterotypic synonym:— Kalanchoe albiflora Forbes (1941: 37). Type:— ESWATINI [Swaziland]. Ubombo [UBombo] Mountains, Swaziland-[KwaZulu-] Natal, cultivated at the [KwaZulu-] Natal Herbarium, September 1935, [Jacob] Gerstner [s.n.] sub PRE 26434 (holotype PRE PRE0390335 -0!).</p> <p>Treated in:— Smith et al. (2019b: 188–194), Smith &amp; Figueiredo (2021c: 213), and Smith &amp; Figueiredo (2023a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FBB5FF0CFA8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FA21FC01F94F.text	03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FA21FC01F94F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe montana Compton 1967	<div><p>3. Kalanchoe montana Compton (1967: 295) (Fig. 3)</p> <p>Type:— ESWATINI [Swaziland]. Near Devil’s Bridge—2531 (Komatipoort): Pigg’s Peak district, Emlembe Mountains, altitude 5500’ [ca. 1676 m] above sea level, (–CC), 27 February 1967, Compton 29471 (lectotype NBG!, designated by Tölken 1978: 89; lectotype narrowed down to NBG0099565-0 in a second-step lectotypification by Smith et al. 2016: 70).</p> <p>Homotypic synonym:— Kalanchoe luciae subsp. montana (Compton) Tölken (1978: 89).</p> <p>Treated in:— Smith et al. (2016: 69) and Smith et al. (2019b: 195–200).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FA21FC01F94F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FC9DFB88FC3E.text	03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FC9DFB88FC3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe thyrsiflora Harvey 1862	<div><p>1. Kalanchoe thyrsiflora Harvey (1862: 380) (Fig. 1)</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Likely Eastern Cape Province, Katrivier near Philipstown, Ecklon &amp; Zeyher 1953 (lectotype S S-G-10758!; isolectotype SAM SAM0036022 -0! pro parte) designated by Tölken (1985: 69).</p> <p>Treated in:— Smith et al. (2019b: 233–238) and Smith &amp; Figueiredo (2021c: 218).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62FC9DFB88FC3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62F965FC6DF803.text	03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62F965FC6DF803.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe wildii Raym.	<div><p>4. Kalanchoe wildii Raym. -Hamet ex Fernandes (1978: 204) (Fig. 4)</p> <p>Type:— ZIMBABWE [Southern Rhodesia]. Loc. [-ation]: [Great] Zimbabwe, Distr. [-ict]. Victoria [Masvingo], S. Rhodesia, 5 June 1950, H. [Harry] Hall 16 (holotype † SAM [now incorporated into NBG]). ZIMBABWE. District Victoria [Masvingo], Kyle National Park Game Reserve [Lake Mutirikwi Recreational Park], Chembira Hill, in pockets in the granite, 22 May 1971, R. K. Grosvenor 526 (lectotype SRGH! accession number “CAS-SRGH-103384”), designated by Smith &amp; Figueiredo (2022a: 161).</p> <p>Treated in:— Fernandes (1978: 204) and Fernandes (1983: 59).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEEFFEDFF62F965FC6DF803	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62F9FDFA40F7CA.text	03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62F9FDFA40F7CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe (sect. Raveta)	<div><p>Updated identification key to species included in Kalanchoe sect. Raveta, i.e., those species with large, obovate to round leaves and dense-flowered, club-shaped inflorescences</p> <p>1a. Leaves basally distinctly auriculate.................................................................................................................................... K. winteri</p> <p>1b. Leaves basally cuneate, sometimes slightly flared........................................................................................................................... 2</p> <p>2b. Plants tomentose, rarely glabrous................................................................................................................................... K. montana</p> <p>2a. Plants glabrous................................................................................................................................................................................. 3</p> <p>3a. Corolla lobes bright yellow.............................................................................................................................................................. 4</p> <p>3b. Corolla lobes white, pale yellowish green, or pale pink to reddish................................................................................................. 5</p> <p>4a. Corolla tubes narrowly-urceolate, 9–10 mm long; 8 anthers exserted at anthesis.......................................................... K. crouchii</p> <p>4b. Corolla tubes cylindrical, 12–20 mm long; 4 anthers exserted at anthesis.................................................................. K. thyrsiflora</p> <p>5a. Corolla lobes pale pink to reddish................................................................................................................................ K. benbothae</p> <p>5b. Corolla lobes white or pale yellowish green.................................................................................................................................... 6</p> <p>6a. Nectar scales cuneiform-quadrangular, 3-lobate above...................................................................................................... K. luciae</p> <p>6b. Nectar scales rectangular, distinctly wider than long, entire above...................................................................................... K. wildi</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62F9FDFA40F7CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FF2FFABCFCFE.text	03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FF2FFABCFCFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe aleurodes , Stearn 1931	<div><p>4.1 Kalanchoe aleurodes Stearn (1931a: 164), nom. utique rej. prop.</p> <p>Type:— ZIMBABWE [Southern Rhodesia]. About 27 km north of Harare [Salisbury], raised from seed collected by Mr S. G. Arden at or near the area or village Dombashawa [Domboshaw[v]a] in the province of Mashonaland East and cultivated in the Cambridge Botanic Garden [“ex Hort. Bot. Cantab.” (Stearn 1931a: 164)], Stearn s.n. (holotype CGE, not seen [see discussion below]; isotype Herb. BM barcode BM000649720!, specimen annotated as “co-type”).</p> <p>Notes on the type of the name K. aleurodes:—When publishing the name K. aleurodes, Stearn (1931a: 164) provided the following information only about the type: “ Typus in Herb. Univ. Cantab.”, i.e., that it is kept in the Cambridge University Herbarium (Herb. CGE). No responses have been received to enquiries about the existence, or to see an image, of this specimen at Herb. CGE, which on their website (https://www.museums.cam.ac.uk/research/ cambridge-university-herbarium) states that it is “…especially rich in ‘type’ specimens […] (numbering an estimated 50,000 individual specimens)”.</p> <p>The “co-type” specimen—it is, in fact, an isotype—that Stearn kept in his personal herbarium is stamped “Herb. W. T. Stearn.” with the stamp prefixed by “ex” written in ink, so indicating that the material originated from Stearn. “Co-type” is an obsolete term no longer in use in plant nomenclature that generally meant syntype, but also paratype and isotype (Hawksworth 2010: 55).</p> <p>Additional information about the material that was used when the description was drawn up, and presumably preserved in Herb. CGE and in Stearn’s personal collection, now at Herb. BM, is provided by Tutin (1931: 9).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FF2FFABCFCFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FA9EFD4CFA1E.text	03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FA9EFD4CFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe benbothae Smith & Crouch 2021	<div><p>7. Kalanchoe benbothae Smith &amp; Crouch (2021: 109) (Fig. 7)</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal province —2731 (Louwsburg): Vaalbank, (– CA), rocky grassland to the northeast of the town, sterile material collected in February 2017, flowered in cultivation in Durban, 2 June 2021, B. S. [Ben] Botha 1 (holotype PRU!).</p> <p>Treated in:—Smith &amp; Crouch (2021: 109).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FA9EFD4CFA1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FBBFFBD2FAE8.text	03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FBBFFBD2FAE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe crouchii Smith & Figueiredo 2018	<div><p>6. Kalanchoe crouchii Smith &amp; Figueiredo (2018b: 87) (Fig. 6)</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Mpumalanga province —2430 (Pilgrim’s Rest): near the town of Pilgrim’s Rest, (– DD), 20 November 2017, Neil R. Crouch 1290 (holotype BNRH! The bulk of the Buffelskloof Nature Reserve Herbarium (BNRH) was donated to the C. E. Moss Herbarium (Herb. J) in October 2021 [see http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ ih/herbarium-details/?irn=126868]).</p> <p>Treated in:— Smith &amp; Figueiredo (2018b: 87) and Smith et al. (2021c: 60–68).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FBBFFBD2FAE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FC8CFBCAFC08.text	03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FC8CFBCAFC08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe winteri Gideon F. Sm., N. R. Crouch & Mich. Walters	<div><p>5. Kalanchoe winteri Gideon F.Sm., N.R.Crouch &amp; Mich.Walters in Crouch et al. (2016: 219) (Fig. 5)</p> <p>Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Limpopo province —2430 (Pilgrim’s Rest): Wolkberg, Thabakgolo Escarpment, Sedibeng sa Lebese Mountain, west of Strasburg, (– AD), 10 September 2000, P. J. D. Winter 4430 (holotype PRE!).</p> <p>Treated in:— Smith et al. (2019a: 62–69) and Smith et al. (2019b: 239–243).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE5D6EFFEFFFECFF62FC8CFBCAFC08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2022): Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and southtropical African Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae; Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe) and its constituent species. Phytotaxa 568 (1): 8-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2
