identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AE87D152452C3F36E698F6ABCA0C76.text	03AE87D152452C3F36E698F6ABCA0C76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hybos culiciformis Fabricius 1775	<div><p>Hybos culiciformis Fabricius, 1775</p> <p>(Fig. 3A)</p> <p>Material examined. Morocco. 2♂, Rif, Maison forestière, Jbel Talassemtane, NPTL (site 1), 1696 m, 7.vi.– 7.x.2017, Malaise trap, leg. K. Kettani; 1♂. Rif, Bab Rfifa, PNPB (site 2), 1421 m, 25.v.–25.vi.2019, Malaise trap, leg. K. Kettani (PCLZ).</p> <p>Distribution in Palaearctic Region. Algeria, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and Turkey (Shamshev et al. 2015). First record from Morocco.</p> <p>Comments. This is the first record of the genus Hybos and H. culiciformis from Morocco, and the second record of the genus and species from North Africa, where they have been recorded in Algeria (Shamshev et al. 2015). Shamshev et al. (2015) pointed out some difference in some taxonomic characters related to the thoracic setation color and genitalia between the typical form of Hybos culiciformis and specimens taken from the Mediterranean and North Africa (Algeria, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Lebanon and Turkey). The Mediterranean and North Africa specimens have entirely black setation on the thorax while normally at least the apical scutellar setae should be pale, plus other more distinct variations in the male genitalia in the populations of Italy, Greece and Lebanon, which led to conclude that several new undescribed species are present in the Mediterranean region (Shamshev et al. 2015). This was later proven by the description of a new species among the Greek population (Hybos conicus Grootaert and Barták 2021) in Kanavalová et al. (2021). Shamshev et al. (2015) examined also some specimens taken from mixed populations of H. culiciformis from Portugal which present two forms, ones with long yellow setae on the scutum and whose genitalia were identical to those of central and northern European populations, and other ones with black long setae on the scutum with slightly different genitalia. The COI barcoding carried out by Shamshev et al. (2015) on this species didn’t show significant differences in male genitalia within the mixed Portuguese populations.</p> <p>The examination of the Moroccan specimens of H. culiciformis found that they have black thoracic setae with pale apical scutellar setae, which reveals that they are compatible with the typical form of H. culiciformis in which at least the apical scutellar setae should be pale (Shamshev et al. 2015). The terminalia dissection shows that the Moroccan specimens are similar to Portugal specimens, which have black setae on the scutum.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87D152452C3F36E698F6ABCA0C76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zouhair, Laila;Kettani, Kawtar	Zouhair, Laila, Kettani, Kawtar (2022): Moroccan Hybotinae (Diptera: Hybotidae): first record of the subfamily and rare genera with an emphasis on their distribution. Zootaxa 5196 (2): 211-222, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5196.2.3
03AE87D152452C3E36E69E9CAB7108F1.text	03AE87D152452C3E36E69E9CAB7108F1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hybos striatellus Villeneuve 1913	<div><p>Hybos striatellus Villeneuve, 1913</p> <p>(Fig. 3B)</p> <p>Material examined. Morocco. 1♂, Rif, Maison forestière, Jbel Talassemtane, NPTL (site 1), 1696 m, 7.vi.–7.x.2017, Malaise trap, leg. K. Kettani (PCLZ).</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from Algeria. First record from Morocco.</p> <p>Comments. This is the first record of H. striatellus outside of Algeria. The species was described for the first time by Villeneuve (1913) based on material sampled by M. Lesne from Algeria and was collected for a second time after eighty years by Patrick Grootaert in the same country in 1993 (Shamshev et al. 2015). A re-description of this species and illustrations of genitalia were provided by Shamshev et al. (2015).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87D152452C3E36E69E9CAB7108F1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zouhair, Laila;Kettani, Kawtar	Zouhair, Laila, Kettani, Kawtar (2022): Moroccan Hybotinae (Diptera: Hybotidae): first record of the subfamily and rare genera with an emphasis on their distribution. Zootaxa 5196 (2): 211-222, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5196.2.3
03AE87D152442C3D36E6992BAE550BE5.text	03AE87D152442C3D36E6992BAE550BE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Syndyas subsabinios Chvala 1975	<div><p>Syndyas subsabinios Chvála, 1975</p> <p>(Fig. 4)</p> <p>Material examined. Morocco. 1♂, Rif, Oued Khemis, Khemis Anjra (site 3), 61 m, 16.ix.2012, Sweep net, leg. K. Kettani (PCLZ).</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from Spain. First record from Morocco and Africa.</p> <p>Comments. Syndyas subsabinios was described from Spain, and no records have since been reported elsewhere (Chvála 1975). It is worth pointing out that our finding represents the second citation of this species and constitutes the first record of the genus in North Africa and the species in the whole of Africa.</p> <p>In order to compare the North African (Moroccan) S. subsabinios with the European (Spanish) population described by Chvála (1975), we have considered it worthwhile to make a re-description of the species by examination of the Moroccan specimen.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Black species with black legs except the fore tibia, extreme tip of fore femur and fore tarsomeres 1– 4 are yellow, with the apical portion of tarsomere 5 blackish. Wings with a very large and almost spherical blackish brown pterostigma, with blackish brown veins with vein R 2+3 abruptly curved around the pterostigma; costal cell and most of the basal cells are bare, lacking microtrichia.</p> <p>Re-description. Male. Length: 4.5 mm</p> <p>Head black in ground color. Holoptic, eyes meeting on frons, facets more enlarged above. Antenna black, inserted above middle of head in profile; scape very small; pedicel almost as small as scape; postpedicel ovate, slightly elongate; arista-like stylus about twice longer than basal segments with terminal sensillum. Ocellar tubercle prominent, with pair of long black bristles. Mouthparts directed forward, proboscis short blackish brown; palpus slender and shorter than proboscis, with 1 bristle apically.</p> <p>Thorax black in ground color, strongly arched above, with large thoracic setae brownish; four rows of acrostichalsetae, dorsocentral setae numerous, rows widely separated ending in long prescutellars; pair of long blackish apical scutellars and some shorter marginal hairs on sides.</p> <p>Wings brownish clouded, covered with microtrichia except costal cell and most of basal cells devoid of microtrichia; pterostigma blackish brown and clearly visible, very large and almost spherical; costa running to tip of M 1; anal cell much longer than basal cells; radial sector very short; R 2+3 abruptly curved around pterostigma; vein separating basal cells br and bm faint; veins R 4+5 and M 1 diverge slightly before ending in costa; CuA closing anal cell very slightly recurrent. Halter black.</p> <p>Legs black, with fore and mid tibiae, extreme tips of fore and mid femora and first four tarsal segments of all legs yellow, apical part of last tarsal segment blackish. Anterior two leg pairs slender, hind leg elongated with femora thickened, dilated towards tip; hind tibia conspicuously dilated towards tip; hind metatarsus distinctly dilated, thicker than fore and mid metatarsi. Hind femur with row of strong, long black ventral spine-like bristles (double row on basal third). Fore and mid tibiae with long hairs posteroventrally; mid tibia with shorter pubescence and long bristles above; hind tibia with about 7–8 long bristles.</p> <p>Abdomen blackish, long, covered with scattered pale hairs more dense on two basal tergites and marginal parts of sternites. Genitalia lost during sampling.</p> <p>Remarks. According to the original description by Chvála (1975), the Moroccan specimen is entirely compatible with the Spanish specimen, with no morphological differences despite the loss of the male genitalia for comparison.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87D152442C3D36E6992BAE550BE5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zouhair, Laila;Kettani, Kawtar	Zouhair, Laila, Kettani, Kawtar (2022): Moroccan Hybotinae (Diptera: Hybotidae): first record of the subfamily and rare genera with an emphasis on their distribution. Zootaxa 5196 (2): 211-222, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5196.2.3
03AE87D152482C3236E69DC6AAEB0F08.text	03AE87D152482C3236E69DC6AAEB0F08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hybotinae Meigen 1820	<div><p>Key to genera of Hybotinae known from Morocco</p> <p>The key to Moroccan Hybotinae genera is presented for the first time. To compile the following key, we referred to Smith (1969), Chvála (1983) and Sinclair (1996).</p> <p>1 Anal cell (CuA+ CuP) longer than basal cells (br and bm)..................................................... 2</p> <p>- Anal cell (CuA+CuP) distinctly shorter than basal cells (br and bm)............................................. 3</p> <p>2 Basal section of vein M (separating basal cells br and bm) very faint................................. Syndyas Loew</p> <p>- Basal section of vein M (separating basal cells br and bm) distinct................................... Hybos Meigen</p> <p>3 Radial sector (vein Rs) long; eyes pubescent; hind femur slender............................. Chillcottomyia Saigusa</p> <p>- Radial sector (vein Rs) short; eyes bare; hind femur thickened................................ Lamachella Melander</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87D152482C3236E69DC6AAEB0F08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zouhair, Laila;Kettani, Kawtar	Zouhair, Laila, Kettani, Kawtar (2022): Moroccan Hybotinae (Diptera: Hybotidae): first record of the subfamily and rare genera with an emphasis on their distribution. Zootaxa 5196 (2): 211-222, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5196.2.3
