taxonID	type	description	language	source
89CA0C96BC635915A4F86AEA5FC0E1B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tetragnatha differs from Dolichognatha, Pachygnatha and Glenognatha by its elongate and tubular-shaped abdomen, normally covered by guanine crystals. It further differs from Dolichognatha in lacking an epigynum (having a genital fold instead) (Figs 1 H, 15 H), by having trichobothria on their femora (Fig. 1 A-C, 2 A-C, 6 A-C), a modified cymbium with its tip elongate and thin and a free paracymbium (e. g., Figs 2 I, J, 6 I, J, 7 I, J). From Glenognatha and Pachygnatha, it may be identified by the absence of a tapetum on the lateral eyes (see Levi 1981) and by the more horizontal and forward projecting chelicerae (e. g., Figs 10 A, 18 A, B). From Glenognatha, it differs by the normal position (not advanced) of the tracheal spiracle (Cabra-Garcia and Brescovit 2016). From Pachygnatha, it may be distinguished by the sternum not projecting between the coxae, the carapace not covered with short macrosetae immersed in pits and the absence of the sclerotized genital slit (Dimitrov and Hormiga 2009; Alvarez-Padilla and Hormiga 2011). Adult Tetragnatha build orb-webs, while adult Pachygnatha do not spin webs. Additionally, Tetragnatha differs from Cyrtognatha by the more elongated abdomen, the absence of the straight line of long and robust macrosetae with enlarged bases on the spinnerets, male pedipalps with paracymbium as a separate sclerite connected to the cymbium by a membrane on its base, and females with enlarged spermathecae (reduced in Cyrtognatha) (Figs 1 B, I, 2 A, B, H, J; Dimitrov and Hormiga 2009).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
89CA0C96BC635915A4F86AEA5FC0E1B6.taxon	description	Description. Carapace longer than wide, normally with an elevated anterior part, without projections or bands (e. g., Figs 1 A, B, 2 A, B, 6 A, B). Eyes normally large, ringed in black, with touching ALE and PLE in some species (e. g., Fig. 6 A, B). Fovea normally small and visible (e. g., Figs 1 A, B, 2 A, B). Sternum oval, longer than wide, sometimes with dusky edges, with or without a dark contour (e. g., Figs 1 C, 2 C, 6 C, 7 C). Legs varying from pale yellow to light brown, legs I and II normally slightly darker than III and IV, all very long, leg formula I-II-IV-III or I-IV-II-III, leg I always much longer than all others, twice as long as leg III and sometimes having multiple spines on femur (e. g., Figs 1 A, B, 2 A, B, 6 A, B). Chelicerae elongated, with paturon bearing bulges or crests in some species (Figs 6 D, F, 7 D, F, 14 D, F) and abundant teeth on both sides, with males bearing a dorsal apophysis to lock female's fangs and additional or modified teeth, such as ' sl', ' t' and ' T' (Figs 2 D-G, 6 D-G, 7 D-G, 10 D-G, 14 D-G); fangs may have basal (BC), outer (OC), inner (IC) or median cusps (MC) (e. g., IC and MC in Fig. 1 D-F or BC in Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 12 D-F). Abdomen longer than carapace, normally covered by guanine crystals, without tubercules or spines, sometimes with a projection after the spinnerets varying from short (e. g., Fig. 10 B, C) to extremely elongated (Castanheira and Baptista 2021 b, figs 1 B, C, 2 B, C, 4 A, B). Male pedipalps with elongated cymbium, as long (e. g., T. elongata) or longer than the tibia (e. g., T. vermiformis) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 5 H, 17 H-J, 19 C). Tibia very short (e. g., T. jaculator) (Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, figs 63 - 65, 78), short (e. g., T. cristata sp. nov., T. oncognatha sp. nov.) (Figs 7 H-J, 8 C, 14 H-J), or elongated (e. g., T. elongata, T. nitens) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 5 H, 14 G-I, 16 E). Tegulum oval, always wider than long, slightly (e. g., T. elongata, Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 5 H) or extremely slanted (e. g., T. jaculator, Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, figs 63 - 65, 78). Conductor always twisted, with pleats varying from three (e. g., T. elongata) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 5 H, I, 7 C, D) to zero (e. g., T. cristata sp. nov. (Figs 7 H, 8 C), and tip of conductor and embolus with or without tail-like projections (Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 20 A-F). Embolus tip may be completely covered by the pouch-like conductor (e. g., T. bogotensis) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 1 I, J, 3 A, E, 20 A), partially exposed (e. g., T. argentinensis; T. cristata sp. nov.) (Figs 7 H, I, 8 C, D; Cargnelutti et al. 2022, figs 2 H, I, 3 E, F) or completely apart from the conductor (e. g., T. amazonica sp. nov.; T. tenuissima) (Fig. 6 H, I; Castanheira and Baptista 2020, figs 12 G, H, 14 E, F). Paracymbium may be very elongated (e. g., T. bogotensis; T. nitens) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 1 K, 3 D, 14 J, 16 F) or reduced in size (e. g., T. amazonica sp. nov.; T. jaculator) (Fig. 6 J; Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, figs 65, 80). Paracymbium notch (N) can be carved in two parts (e. g., T. bogotensis, T. nitens) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 1 K, 3 D, 14 I, J, 16 F), slightly dented (e. g., T. cristata sp. nov., T. oncognatha sp. nov.) (Figs 7 J, 8 E, 14 J, 16 G) or rounded and not divided (e. g., Tetragnatha elongata, T. keyserlingi) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 5 K, 7 F, 8 J, 10 E); Paracymbium translucent lobe (L) can be very broad (e. g., T. nitens, T. chauliodus, T. renatoi) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 14 I, J, 16 F; Castanheira and Baptista 2020, figs 4 I, 6 F, 9 K), reduced (e. g., T. keyserlingi) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 8 J, 10 E) or not visible (e. g., T. elongata, T. vermiformis) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 5 K, 7 F, 17 J, 19 E). Female genital fold varies from short and wider than long, with straight or curved posterior rim (e. g., T. megalocera, T. renatoi, T. tenuissima (Castanheira and Baptista 2020, figs 2 H, 5 H, 13 G), to extremely elongated and longer than wide, with rounded posterior rim (T. cladognatha, T. bogotensis, T. keyserlingi, T. mandibulata, T. nitens, T. pradoi sp. nov.) (Figs 1 H, 18 G; Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 2 G, 9 H, 12 H, 15 J). Female internal genitalia usually with central membranous sac (CS), but it is sometimes absent (e. g., T. vermiformis, T. laboriosa) (Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 18 I; Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, fig. 47). CS may have its head varying from rounded or oval (e. g., T. oncognatha sp. nov., T. bogotensis, T. mandibulata, T. nitens) (Fig. 12 I; Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 2 H, I, 12 I, 15 K, L) to cylindrical or thin and slender (e. g., T. pradoi sp. nov., T. tenuissima) (Fig. 15 H; Castanheira and Baptista 2020, fig. 13 H), with variable stalk length, from short (e. g., T. oncognatha sp. nov., T. bogotensis) (Fig. 15 I; Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 2 H, I) to very elongated (T. keyserlingi) (Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 9 I), or even having either long or short stalks depending on the specimen (T. nitens) (Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 15 K, L). Spermathecae varies in number, either two (one on each side) (e. g., T. cladognatha, T. elongata, T. mandibulata) (Figs 1 I, 3 I; Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 6 H, 12 I), but sometimes four (e. g., T. megalocera, T. guatemalensis, T. laboriosa) (Castanheira and Baptista 2020, fig. 2 I; Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, figs 20, 47), and in shape, from perfectly globular (T. oncognatha sp. nov.) (Fig. 15 I) to oval (e. g., T. bogotensis, T. mandibulata, T. nitens) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 2 H, I, 12 I, 15 K, L) or even kidney-like (T. elongata, T. vermiformis) (Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 6 H, 18 I). Colour of specimens is variable, encompassing reddish, yellowish, brown and orange hues depending on time spent in alcohol (e. g., Figs 1 A, B, 6 A, 11 A). Old specimens, such as the female T. paraguayensis, usually lose completely their original colour, presenting a light-yellow bleached tone (Castanheira and Baptista 2021 b, fig. 4 A).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
89CA0C96BC635915A4F86AEA5FC0E1B6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Cosmopolitan.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E061735E9C1157B4BA2DADEEAA7581B8.taxon	description	Figs 6, 19	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E061735E9C1157B4BA2DADEEAA7581B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The male of this new species is similar to T. tenuissima considering abdomen, chelicerae and pedipalp morphology. Both share a slender abdomen, laterally with five black patches, chelicerae with centrally placed ' a', large and bulky Gu apart from the extremely elongated ' T' (visible in lower view) by very large gap and pedipalps with filiform embolus not enfolded by the conductor and small triangular paracymbium (Figs 6 A-I; Castanheira and Baptista 2020, figs 12 A-I, 14 A, B, E-G, 15 A). However, T. amazonica sp. nov. can be easily differentiated from T. tenuissima by chelicerae with much thinner ' a', absent ' sl', ' T' with curved tip, presence of CRu and CRl, Gl straight and apart from L 2 by much larger gap and pedipalps with embolus apart from conductor since its middle portion and longer paracymbium with notch longer and distalward projected (Fig. 6 D-J).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E061735E9C1157B4BA2DADEEAA7581B8.taxon	description	Description. Male (based on holotype MNRJ 1571): Carapace elongated, slightly elevated anteriorly and light brown (Fig. 6 A, B). Labium longer than wide and reddish brown (Fig. 6 C). Sternum oval and light brown, with no marks or contour (Fig. 6 C). Eyes with ALE and PLE touching (Fig. 6 A). Legs very elongated and yellow, legs I and II slightly darker (Fig. 6 A-C). Chelicera paturon approximately 4.3 x longer than wide and 1.15 x smaller than carapace, heavily curved outwards, around 55 ° from body median line, very thick and with orange hue (Fig. 6 A, D-G). ' a' tubular, with small dent on inner margin of its tip and located in midway position of paturon (Fig. 6 D, E, G). AXu and ' t' absent (Fig. 16 D, E). Upper row with eight teeth distalward projected (Fig. 6 D, E): Gu very long and thick, with very broad basis and apart from ' T' by a conspicuous upper crest (CRu) on large gap; ' sl' absent; ' T' conspicuous and elongated, sclerotized, and pointed with a curved tip; ' rsu' composed of six pointed teeth, decreasing in size and apart by regular small gaps. AXl absent (Fig. 6 E, F). Lower row with eight teeth (Fig. 6 E, F): Gl triangular, very thick, sclerotized, straight and bearing rounded blunt tip, apart from L 2 by large gap following extremely sclerotized dark lower crest (CRl), that goes slightly beyond L 2; L 2 also very thick, sclerotized, and straight (or slightly basalward projected) with large tip and apart from L 3 by smaller gap than Gl-L 2; ' rsl' composed of extremely reduced teeth, apart from one another by small gaps. Cheliceral fang thick, uniformly tapering to its tip, slightly wavy from midway and closing between teeth rows (Fig. 6 D-F). Abdomen approximately 2.6 x longer than carapace, slender, and pale beige, covered by sparse guanine crystals with five dusky dark patches on each size of dorsum (Fig. 6 A-C). Pedipalps with extremely elongated cymbium, around 2.9 x longer than wide and rounded tibia, bearing wide basis and no apical constriction (Fig. 6 H-J); tegulum approximately 1.4 x wider than long and inflated (Fig. 16 H); conductor elongated, ribbon-like and distally wider, not enclosing embolus and ending in broad twisted tip (Fig. 6 H, I); embolus filiform, basally thicker and enlarged, ventrally bending from mid-way and resting its slender tip on conductor (Fig. 6 H, I); paracymbium short, only 2.3 x longer than wide, with transparent lobe occupying around 1 / 3 of its width, notch rounded and undivided, and knob large and triangular pointed (Fig. 6 J). Measurements. Total length 9.4. Carapace 2.1 long, 1.1 wide. Abdomen 7.3 long, 1.1 wide. Left chelicera 2.2 long, 0.4 wide. Leg formula I-II-IV-III. Leg I: femur 8.0, patella 0.8, tibia 8.3, metatarsus 9.2 and tarsus 1.9. Leg II: patella + tibia 4.9. Leg III: patella + tibia 1.6. Leg IV: patella + tibia 4.9. Female. Unknown.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E061735E9C1157B4BA2DADEEAA7581B8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet " Tetragnatha amazonica " means " from Amazon " in Latin, referring to the type-locality in Venezuela and the Amazon Forest biome.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E061735E9C1157B4BA2DADEEAA7581B8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only known from type-locality in Amazonas, Venezuela (Fig. 19).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E3BE731B0FC55D0A90E838E1E396D337.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E3BE731B0FC55D0A90E838E1E396D337.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Argentina, Misiones • 1 female, Parque Provincial Uruzu, 1 ° Uruzu, 25 ° 50 ′ S, 54 ° 08 ' W, 02. ii. 1988, P. Goloboff and Szumik leg. (MACN-Ar 24553); • 2 males, 4 females, 3 juveniles, Departamento Cainguas, Parque Provincial Salto Encantado, Arroyo Cuna-Piru, 27 ° 07 ' S, 54 ° 48 ' W, 12. i. 2005, C Grismado, L Lopardo, L Piacentini, A Quaglino and G Rubio leg. (MACN-Ar 31757); • 1 male, 1 female, 1 juvenile, same data (MACN-Ar 31763); • 1 male, Saltos del Uruguay, 10 Km N Puerto Libertad, 25 ° 55 ' 08.0 " S, 54 ° 35 ' 59.7 " W, 23 - 25. ii. 1997, M Ramirez leg. (MACN-Ar 24661); • 1 female, same data, (MACN-Ar 24645); • 1 male, 8 females, 6 juveniles, Santa Maria, 27 ° 56 ' 05.6 " S, 55 ° 24 ' 54.9 " W, x. 1956, Viana leg. (MACN-Ar 24423); • 1 male, 2 females, 1 juvenile, Cataratas del Iguazu, 25 ° 41 ' 28.1 " S, 54 ° 26 ' 43.6 " W, xi. 1954, BC Schiapelli leg. (MACN-Ar 39613); BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul • 1 male, Jaraguari, Furnas de Dionisio, 20 ° 09 ' 21.5 " S, 54 ° 43 ' 34.4 " W, 14. xi. 2015, D Araujo leg. (IBSP 167038); Minas Gerais • 3 males, 4 females, Alto Caparao, Parque Nacional do Caparao, 20 ° 05 ' S, 41 ° 09 ' W, 01 - 07. v. 2002, Equipe Biota leg. (IBSP 220017); • 1 female, Rio Preto, 22 ° 05 ' 21.1 " S, 43 ° 50 ' 11.1 " W, 14 - 20. v. 2002, RLC Baptista et al. leg. (MNRJ 1577); • 2 females, same data, (MNRJ 1586); Parana • 2 females, Sao Jose dos Pinhais, 25 ° 36 ' 01.40 " S, 049 ° 11 ' 24.66 " W, 08. i. 2002, A Chagas-Jr. leg. (MNRJ 03744); • 1 female, same locality, 15. xi. 2015, AC Domahovski leg. (MCTP 39130); • 1 male, same locality, 25 ° 36 ' 12.65 " S, 49 ° 11 ' 33.58 " W, x. 2015, AC Domahovski leg. (MCTP 39055); Rio de Janeiro • 1 male, 2 females, 2 juveniles, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Reserva Ecologica de Guapiacu (REGUA), river nearby accommodation, 22 ° 27 ' 12.4 " S, 42 ° 46 ' 21.1 " W, RLC Baptista leg. (UFRJ 1503); • 1 female, same locality, trilha cinza, 29. viii. 2019, AA Alves leg. (UFRJ 1620); • 1 male, 3 females, Guapimirim, 22 ° 35 ' 25.1 " S, 43 ° 06 ' 15.7 " W (MNRJ 1572); • 1 female, same locality, ii. 1996 (MNRJ 1570); • 3 males, 2 females, 1 juvenile, Itatiaia, Cachoeira Veu da Noiva, 1250 m, 22 ° 25 ' 35.6 " S, 44 ° 37 ' 12.6 " W, 06. i- 03. ii. 2016, M Monne leg. (MNRJ 4260); • 1 male, Macae, Sana, tributario 2 ordem do Rio Sana, 313 m, 22 ° 19 ' 39.6 " S, 42 ° 11 ' 11.4 " W, 16. ii. 2009, Entomologia UFRJ leg. (UFRJ 0378); • 1 male, 1 female, Mage, Piabeta, 22 ° 36 ' 21.7 " S, 43 ° 10 ' 36.8 " W, xi. 1986 (MNRJ 1574); • 1 male, Nova Friburgo: Macae de cima, 956 m, 22 ° 21 ' 11.1 " S, 42 ° 24 ' 40.5 " W, 01. xii. 2008, BHL Sampaio and APM Santos leg. (UFRJ 0071); • 1 female, same locality, Rio das Flores, 22 ° 24 ' 06.7 " S, 42 ° 29 ' 19.4 " W, BHL Sampaio leg. (UFRJ 0073); • 1 female, Nova Iguacu, Parque Municipal de Nova Iguacu (PMNI), 22 ° 46 ' 44.6 " S, 43 ° 27 ' 31.8 " W, 01. v. 2004, BHL Sampaio leg. (MNRJ 07445); • 1 male, 2 females, same locality, 28. v. 2004, BHL Sampaio leg. (MNRJ 07449); • 1 female, same locality, 10. vii. 2004, BHL Sampaio leg. (MNRJ 07446); • 2 females, same locality, 31. vii. 2004, C Lima leg. (MNRJ 07444); • 1 male, 1 female, same locality, 26. xi. 2004, BHL Sampaio leg. (MNRJ 07447); • 1 female, Petropolis, 22 ° 29 ' 01.5 " S 43 ° 15 ' 10.8 " W, Mello-Leitao leg. (MNRJ 60003); • 1 female, Pinheiral, Pinheiro, 22 ° 30 ' 24.3 " S, 44 ° 01 ' 22.2 " W, Mello-Leitao leg. (MNRJ 60009); • 1 male, Resende, Vila da Fumaca, Estrada Falcao-Fumaca, 22 ° 17 ' 57.1 " S, 44 ° 13 ' 07.9 " W, 10. xi. 2016, LBN Coelho leg. (UFRJ 1366); • 1 male, 1 juvenile, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Camorim (Sede), 22 ° 58 ' 12.0 " S, 043 ° 26 ' 16.4 " W, 160 m, 15. ix. 2013, RLC Baptista leg. (UFRJ 1622); • 1 female, 1 juvenile, same data (UFRJ 1623); • 1 female, same data (UFRJ 1624); • 1 female same data but RLC Baptista and PdS Castanheira leg. (UFRJ 1625); • 3 males, 1 female, 7 juveniles, same locality, 09. i. 2014, RLC Baptista leg. (UFRJ 1626); • 5 females, 4 juveniles, same data (UFRJ 1629); • 1 female, same locality, 07. iv. 2014 (UFRJ 1627); • 1 male, 1 female, 1 juvenile, same locality, Camorim (Veu da Noiva); 04. x. 2017, ALD Ferreira leg. (UFRJ 1483); 1 male, same data (UFRJ 1523); • 1 female, same data (UFRJ 1524); • 1 female, same data (UFRJ 1525); • 1 male, Sepetiba, 22 ° 58 ' 06.9 " S, 43 ° 42 ' 46.8 " W, iv. 1994, EH Wienskoski leg. (MNRJ 1585); • 1 male, 4 females, 1 juvenile, Teresopolis, Serra do Subaio, 22 ° 27 ' 10.8 " S, 42 ° 56 ' 48.8 " W, 20 - 22. iv. 1995, RLC Baptista and M Landim leg. (MNRJ 1568); • 3 females, 2 juveniles, Visconde de Maua: Alto Penedo (Rio das Pedras), 22 ° 23 ' 03.1 " S, 44 ° 37 ' 32.5 " W, i. 2006, EH Wienskoski leg. (MNRJ 05041); Rio Grande do Sul: • 1 female, Eldorado do Sul, 30 ° 06 ' 59.3 " S, 51 ° 40 ' 28.0 " W, 28. iii. 1993, M Silveira leg. (MCTP 43347); • 1 female, Novos Cabrais, Parque Witeck, 29 ° 46 ' 59.1 " S, 52 ° 58 ' 26.7 " W, 18. ii. 2008, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 28307); • 1 male, 2 females, Sao Francisco de Paula, Potreiro Velho, 29 ° 23 ' 56.1 " S, 50 ° 16 ' 12.6 " W, 16 - 17. iii. 2001, AA Lise leg. (MCTP 14349); • 5 males, Rio Uruguai, 29 ° 27 ' 34.6 " S, 56 ° 43 ' 54.2 " W, 02. ix. 2010, RC Francisco leg. (MCTP 43349); Santa Catarina • 1 male, Nova Teutonia, 27 ° 09 ' 40.4 " S, 52 ° 25 ' 31.8 " W, 13 - 15. x. 2006, ELC Silva et al. leg. (MCTP 28703); Sao Paulo • 3 females, Botucatu, 22 ° 56 ' 15.3 " S, 48 ° 23 ' 32.6 " W, ii. 2002, EH Wienskoski leg. (MZUSP 62396); • 1 male, 1 female, Cachoeira da Marta, 22 ° 55 ' 55.0 " S, 48 ° 24 ' 19.7 " W, 10. i. 2002, EH Wienskoski leg. (MZUSP 62429); • 1 male, 1 female, same locality, 10. iii. 2002, EH Wienskoski leg. (MZUSP 62036); • 1 male, 1 female, same locality, i. 2003, EH Wienskoski leg. (MZUSP 62430); • 1 male, Fazenda Paulina, 22 ° 56 ' 15.3 " S, 48 ° 23 ' 32.6 " W, i. 2002 (MZUSP 62395); • 1 male, 2 females, Cabreuva, Sitio do Sol, 23 ° 18 ' 54.4 " S 47 ° 05 ' 48.4 " W, 05. iv. 2009, AB Ribeiro leg. (IBSP 145209); • 2 males, Sao Jose do Barreiro, Parque Nacional Serra da Bocaina, Fazenda do Bonito, 22 ° 43 ' 25.3 " S 44 ° 32 ' 21.0 " W, Vulcano leg. (MZUSP 14746); • 1 male, same locality, Corrego do Boqueirao, 19. xii. 2010, Entomologia UFRJ leg. (UFRJ 0550); • 1 male, 1 female, Rio Claro, Lidice, RPPN Fazenda Sambaiba, 22 ° 50 ' 55 " S, 44 ° 13 ' 03 " W, 23. iv. 2012, C Bragagnolo et al. leg. (IBSP 213057); • 11 males, 26 females, Mogi das Cruzes, Manoel Ferreira, Biritiba-Ucu, 23 ° 38 ' 20.6 " S, 46 ° 07 ' 33.1 " W, v. 2001, EK Kashimata and R Martins leg. (IBSP 56320).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E3BE731B0FC55D0A90E838E1E396D337.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males and females most resemble T. argentinensis (Cargnelutti et al. 2022). Females can be distinguished by the following differences in the chelicerae: fang almost sickle-shaped, with a semi-circular basal half and an abruptly slanted and straighter distal half basally to the inner cusp; Gu more sclerotized with larger basis; Gl bulkier and closer to fang basis; L 2 larger with wider, bulged, rounded basis, median cusp (MC) more distally placed and presence of conspicuous inner cusp (Figs 1 D-F, 3 C). Males of T. cladognatha differ from T. argentinensis by slightly shorter and less pointed ' T'; longer and bulkier Gu, Gl and L 2 (Figs 2 D-F, 3 A, B); Gl and L 2 straight with much larger basis (Figs 2 E, F, 3 B); upper teeth row with lesser teeth and lower row with more teeth (Figs 2 D, F, 3 A, B); narrower pedipalp tibia (Figs 2 H-J, 3 D); narrower, thinner and more pointed conductor tip (Figs 2 I, 3 F) and epiandrous field almost straight, with narrower median division, with more spigots (26 vs. 18) (Fig. 3 H; Cargnelutti et al. 2022, fig. 3 H). Additionally, males are also similar to T. keyserlingi with T. cladognatha differing from it due to Gu shorter, with larger basis, ' T' longer and more projected, Gl and L 2 bulky and more elongated, with much larger bases (Figs 2 D-F, 3 A, B). Pedipalps of T. cladognatha are identified by the less protruding hook-like conductor and paracymbium with divided notch and wider translucent lobe (Figs 2 H-J, 3 D-G).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E3BE731B0FC55D0A90E838E1E396D337.taxon	description	Description. Female (based on neotype UFRJ 1628): Carapace elongated, oval and reddish brown, slightly elevated anteriorly (Fig. 1 A, B). Fovea reddish brown, slightly darker than carapace, with dark borders (Fig. 1 A, B). Labium wider than long and dark brown (Fig. 1 C). Sternum oval and light brown (Fig. 1 C). Eyes with procurved parallel rows, and evenly separated, AME and PME separated by its length, ALE and PLE almost touching (Fig. 1 A, B). Legs reddish brown, with few spines on femora (Fig. 1 B, C). Chelicera paturon thick, around 4 x longer than wide and about 1.6 x longer than carapace, well curved outwards, around 50 ° from body median line (Figs 1 B, D-G, 3 C). AXu absent (Figs 1 D, E, 3 C). Upper row with nine teeth distalward projected (Figs 1 D, E, 3 C): Gu almost straight, pointed, almost as long as U 3, bearing bulky and wide basis and apart from U 2 by an extremely large gap; U 2 small and pointed, almost as long as U 4 - U 7; U 3 - U 9 decreasing in size and pointed. AXl absent (Fig. 1 E, F). Lower row with 20 teeth distalward projected (Fig. 1 E, F): Gl bulky and very sclerotized and located on fang furrow; L 2 elongated, pointed, with rounded bulging basis and apart from Gl by a small gap; L 3 - L 12 decreasing in size. Cheliceral fang very elongated, thick, with pointed and large median cusp (MC) on its first third, facing upper row and becoming slanted and projected inward to its tip from small pointed inner cusp (IC) at around half of its length (Figs 1 D, E, 3 C). Abdomen around 4.1 x longer than carapace, cylindrical and anteriorly enlarged, dorsally greyish and completely covered by guanine crystals (Fig. 1 B). Venter colour as dorsum, with a median brown stripe from genital fold towards spinnerets (Fig. 1 C). Genital fold elevated, 1.4 x wider than long, with parallel borders and ending in concave and wide excavated tip (Fig. 1 H). Internal genitalia formed by two oval spermathecae, more sclerotized on the lateral border, and connected to a wide uterus externus and an almost cylindrical central membranous sac (Figs 1 I, 3 I). Measurements. Total length 12.5. Carapace 4.4 long, 2.3 wide. Abdomen 10.0 long, 2.9 wide. Left chelicera 2.9 long, 0.5 wide. Leg formula I-IV-II-III. Leg I: femur 13.3, patella 1.8, tibia 11.5, metatarsus 11.5 and tarsus 2.3. Leg II: patella + tibia 8.6. Leg III: patella + tibia 3.4. Leg IV: patella + tibia 7.3. Male (based on UFRJ 1483): Carapace, fovea, eyes, legs, legs and sternum similar to female (Figs 2 A-C). Chelicerae paturon with similar colour as female, around 2.2 x longer than wide, about 1.15 x longer than carapace, slightly curved outwards around 35 ° from body median line (Figs 2 B, D-G, 3 A, B). ' a' elongated, thin, pointed, and distally projected, located on edge of paturon close to fang groove (Figs 2 D, E, G, 3 A). AXu short with large basis (Figs 2 D, E, 3 A), ' t' absent (Figs 2 D, E, 3 A). Upper row with eight teeth distalward projected (Figs 2 D, E, 3 A): Gu with large basis, thick and pointed, located on fang groove; ' sl' absent; ' T' very very elongated, thin, and pointed, with wide basis, slightly projecting upward and ' rsu' with six straight pointed teeth decreasing in size, with large gap between ' T' - U 3 and U 3 - U 4. AXl absent (Figs 2 E, F, 3 B). Lower row with 17 teeth and two additional ones, one besides U 4 and another besides U 6, all distalward projected (Figs 2 E, F, 3 B): Gl and L 2 very similar, thick, bulky with large bases, apart by small gap, Gl slightly bulkier with larger basis; L 3 - L 17 and two additional teeth with almost the same size, all very short, triangular and pointed. Cheliceral fang elongated, slightly wavy from midway and closing between teeth rows (Figs 2 D-F, 3 A, B). Abdomen of similar colour as female, but much slimmer (Fig. 2 B, C). Epiandrous field much wider than high and curved, with a narrow division, and bearing thirteen spigots on each side (Fig. 3 H). Pedipalps with median-sized cymbium, around the same size as the rounded, narrow tibia (Figs 2 H-J, 3 D); tegulum about 1.5 wider than long, spherical and inflated (Figs 2 H, 3 D, E); conductor larger mid-way, ribbon-like, and twisted, with thick edges, enfolding the embolus as a pouch, tapering towards its hook-like tip (Figs 2 H, I, 3 D-F); embolus thick, heavily sclerotized, S-shaped from mid-way, originating near cymbium at middle portion of bulb and opening from below conductor on a curved tip (Figs 2 H, I, 3 D-F); paracymbium 3.1 x longer than wide, boomerang-shaped, slanted, and tapering towards its excavated notch at apex, with translucent lobe occupying little less than 50 % of paracymbium length and reaching both its basis and apex, narrow and medially placed, and knob not projected and elbow-like (Figs 2 J, 3 G). Measurements. Total length 6.40. Carapace 2.0 long, 1.2 wide. Abdomen 4.5 long, 1.0 wide. Left chelicera 2.6 long, 0.5 wide. Leg formula I-IV-II-III. Leg I: femur 7.4, patella 0.8, tibia 7.8, metatarsus 8.9 and tarsus 1.2. Leg II: patella + tibia 5.1. Leg III: patella + tibia 1.9. Leg IV: patella + tibia 4.5.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
E3BE731B0FC55D0A90E838E1E396D337.taxon	distribution	Distribution. From Central (Mato Grosso do Sul state) and south-east (Espirito Santo state) Brazil to north-east Argentina (Misiones province) (Fig. 5).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
8D85357798A0542E8ED1F8F46B08164F.taxon	description	Figs 7, 8, 9	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
8D85357798A0542E8ED1F8F46B08164F.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. Brazil - Rio Grande do Sul • 1 male, Cachoeira do Sul: Cordilheira, 30 ° 13 ' S 52 ° 50 ' W, 09. ix. 1992, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 43334); • 2 males, 2 juveniles, same locality, 14. xii. 1992, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 43333); • 1 male, same locality, Capanezinho, 30 ° 18 ' S 52 ° 59 ' W, 17. x. 1992, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 3375); • 2 males, Caxias do Sul, Fazenda Souza, 29 ° 10 ' 04.0 " S, 51 ° 10 ' 44.0 " W, 11 - 12. x. 1995, Eq. Lab Aracnologia leg. (MCTP 7313); • 1 male, Itaara, 29 ° 36 ' 36.0 " S, 53 ° 45 ' 54.0 " W, 05. i. 2006, L Indrusiak leg. (MCTP 21569); • 1 male, same locality, 16. ii. 2006, L Indrusiak leg. (MCTP 21570); • 4 males, 2 juveniles, same locality, 28. iii. 2006, L Indrusiak leg. (MCTP 21571); • 1 male, Novos Cabrais, Parque Witeck, 29 ° 44 ' 06.0 " S, 52 ° 56 ' 52.0 " W, 11. ix. 2008, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 28092); • 1 male, same locality, 01. xi. 2008, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 28013); • 1 male, Pelotas, Capao do Leao, 31 ° 46 ' 19.0 " S, 52 ° 20 ' 34.0 " W, 27. xi. 2000, ENL Rodrigues leg. (MCTP 11711); • 1 male, same data (MCTP 11727); • 1 male, same locality, 27. ii. 2001, ENL Rodrigues leg. (MCTP 13180); • 4 males, 2 juveniles, Santa Maria, 29 ° 41 ' 02.0 " S, 53 ° 48 ' 25.0 " W, 15. x. 1998, CB Kotzian and L Indrusiak leg. (MCTP 40632); Sao Paulo • 1 male, 3 juveniles, Itu, Fazenda Pau D'Alho, 23 ° 15 ' 50.0 " S, 47 ° 17 ' 56.0 " W, 17 - 18. ix. 1960, P Biasi leg. (MZUSP 14747);	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
8D85357798A0542E8ED1F8F46B08164F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tetragnatha cristata sp. nov. most resembles T. oncognatha sp. nov. and T. jaculator by its similar small cylindrical body and small chelicerae, a small ' a' and long distalward projected ' T' (Figs 7 A-E, G, 8 A, 14 A-E, G, 16 A; Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, figs 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 74). Tetragnatha cristata sp. nov. is easily differentiated by chelicerae with indented ' a', no AXu or AXl, much smoother rounded cheliceral bulge, and higher Gl, with large sclerotized lower crest not reaching L 2, embolus dorsally opening on a rift on the conductor tip and the paracymbium with wider lobe and smaller notch (Figs 7 D-J, 8 A-E).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
8D85357798A0542E8ED1F8F46B08164F.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype MCTP 43332): Carapace oval and light brown, with two slightly darker thin parallel lines from cephalic furrow, passing through the fovea, and reaching posterior rim of carapace (Fig. 7 A). Labium subquadrate and dark brown (Fig. 7 C). Sternum light brown with dusky strikes (Fig. 7 C). Eyes with ALE and PLE touching each other (Fig. 7 A). Legs very elongated, yellowish brown with anterior pairs darker (Figs 7 A-C). Chelicerae paturon about 3 x longer than wide and around 1.6 x smaller than carapace, moderately curved outwards, around 35 ° from body median line, moderately thick and orange-brown, bearing a smooth conspicuous bulge (CB) between teeth rows (Figs 7 A, D-G, 8 A, B). ' a' very short, rounded and distalward projected, deeply dented on its inner margin from its middle up to tip (Figs 7 D, E, 8 A). AXu absent (Figs 7 D, E, 8 A). Upper row with six uneven teeth distalward projected (Figs 7 D, E, 8 A): Gu thick, pointed, slanted and displaced from fang furrow and row itself, apart from ' T' by large gap formed by a cheliceral bulge; ' sl' absent; ' T' straight and pointed, with narrow basis and ' rsu' with four almost straight pointed teeth, decreasing in size, with the last one much smaller than the others. AXl absent (Figs 7 E, F, 8 B). Lower row with two teeth of same size (Figs 7 E, F, 8 B): Gl not very elongated, thick, sclerotized and completely pointing distalward and slightly downward, being apart from L 2 by a large, straight, and very sclerotized conspicuous lower crest (CRl); L 2 thin, pointed and distalward projected, with sclerotized basis. Cheliceral fang as wide as its base, moderately thick, and closing between ' T' and U 3 (Figs 7 D-F, 8 A, B). Abdomen around 2 x longer than carapace, cylindrical and beige, dorsally covered by guanine crystals, and bearing lateral brown line (Fig. 7 A-C). Epiandrous field wide and flat, with large distal part, and bearing six and seven spigots respectively, in two bands apart by a broad midway division (Fig. 8 F). Pedipalps with elongated cymbium, distally bending outwards, around 2.2 x longer than wide and rounded tibia (Figs 7 H, I, 8 C); tegulum around 1.6 x longer than high, spherical and inflated (Figs 7 H, I, 8 C); conductor thin, twisted near mid-way, with thick edges wrapping around embolus as a thick pouch on its median portion, and projected as a keel near tip (Figs 7 H, I, 8 C, D); embolus thick, originating at the middle portion of the bulb, near the cymbium and dorsally opening in middle of the conductor wrap (Figs 7 H, I, 8 C, D); paracymbium very elongated, around 2.8 x longer than wide, boomerang-shaped, and bearing a notch with curved tip, translucent lobe occupying around half of the paracymbium width, and knob not projected (Figs 7 J, 8 E). Measurements. Total length 5.1. Carapace 1.5 long, 0.9 wide. Abdomen 3.7 long, 0.8 wide. Left chelicera 0.9 long, 0.3 wide. Leg formula I-II-IV-III. Leg I: femur 4.7, patella 0.6, tibia 5.1, metatarsus 5.3 and tarsus 1.4. Leg II: patella + tibia 2.9. Leg III: patella + tibia 1.2. Leg IV: patella + tibia 1.6. Female. Unknown.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
8D85357798A0542E8ED1F8F46B08164F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific Latin epithet " Tetragnatha cristata " is an adjective meaning " with a crest or ridge ", and refers to the large crest between the two first teeth at the lower row of the male cheliceral furrow.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
8D85357798A0542E8ED1F8F46B08164F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The distribution of this species ranges from Sao Paulo state to Rio Grande do Sul state, both in Brazil, passing through Misiones, Argentina (Fig. 9).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
0B55FB5D5183515BBB30C22E33B5FFD4.taxon	description	Figs 10, 19	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
0B55FB5D5183515BBB30C22E33B5FFD4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tetragnatha didorata sp. nov. resembles T. tenuissima and T. amazonica sp. nov. considering the elongated slender abdomen; T. bogotensis considering cheliceral morphology as both share long and straight ' t', and T. renatoi sp. nov. considering their pedipalp morphology with large subquadrate paracymbium (Fig. 6 A-C, 10 A-F, J, K, Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 1 C, E, F, 3 C, Castanheira and Baptista 2020, figs 4 I, 6 F, 12 A, B). Tetragnatha didorata sp. nov. differs from T. tenuissima and T. amazonica sp. nov. by the presence of a projection after the spinnerets (Figs 10 B, C), from T. bogotensis by ' a' not slanted and carved on its lower portion, absence of AXu, the more elongated and sclerotized ' t', Gu and L 2 smaller, absent AXl and much smaller teeth on lower row (Figs 10 D-G), and from T. renatoi sp. nov. by the narrower translucent lobe, larger notch and larger knob (Fig. 10 J, K).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
0B55FB5D5183515BBB30C22E33B5FFD4.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype MCTP 43335): Carapace elongated, slightly elevated anteriorly and with orange hue (Fig. 10 A, B). Labium longer than wide and yellowish brown (Fig. 10 C). Sternum oval and yellowish brown, with no marks or contour (Fig. 10 C). Eyes with ALE and PLE almost touching (Fig. 10 A). Legs very elongated, with yellowish hue, with legs I and II slightly darker (Fig. 10 A-C). Chelicera paturon very elongated, approximately 4.95 x longer than wide and as long as carapace, slightly curved outwards, around 25 ° from body median line, moderately thick and yellowish brown (Fig. 10 A, D-G). ' a' elongated, thin, straight distalward projected and constricted on inner margin of its tip, located close to fang groove on centre of paturon (Fig. 10 D-G). AXu absent (Fig. 10 D, E). ' t' bulky, sclerotized, pointed and straight, forming the letter " L " with the apophysis (Fig. 10 D, E). Upper row with eight teeth (Fig. 10 D, E): Gu small, sclerotized and slightly distalward projected, located on a dark ridge apart from fang groove by large gap; U 2 - U 7 of similar size, pointed and straight, U 2 - U 3 apart by a large gap and remaining teeth apart from one another by small gaps. AXl absent (Fig. 10 E, F). Lower row with nine teeth distalward projected (Fig. 10 E, F): Gl small, triangular, pointed and sclerotized, located on fang groove and apart from L 2 by very large gap; L 2 - L 4 pointed and decreasing in size, apart by large gaps; L 5 - L 9 extremely reduced in size, L 7 - L 9 reduced to denticles. Cheliceral fang not thick, uniformly tapering to its tip and closing between teeth rows (Fig. 10 D-F). Abdomen slender, approximately 2.7 x longer than carapace, with a pointed end projection posterior to the spinnerets, pale yellow and completely covered by guanine crystals, with no lateral bands (Fig. 10 A-C). Pedipalps with elongated cymbium, only around 1.2 x longer than long and rounded tibia, medially bending outwards, bearing wide basis and with no apical constriction (Fig. 10 H, I); tegulum about 1.4 x wider than long and inflated (Fig. 10 H); conductor elongated, distally projected and completely enfolding the embolus from its middle portion as a pouch, ending in rounded and twisted tip (Fig. 10 H, I); embolus thick, filiform, sclerotized and twisted from mid-way, opening from below the conductor (Fig. 10 H, I); paracymbium very long, around 3.3 x longer than wide, subquadrate, bearing transparent lobe that occupies around 50 % of paracymbium width, notch carved and rounded, and knob enlarged and mushroom-like (Fig. 10 J, K). Measurements. Total length 9.0. Carapace 2.5 long, 1.4 wide. Abdomen 6.6 long, 1.0 wide. Left chelicera 2.4 long, 0.6 wide. Leg formula I-II-IV-III. Leg I: femur 7.1, patella 0.9, tibia 6.8, metatarsus 7.5 and tarsus 1.6. Leg II: patella + tibia 4.4. Leg III: patella + tibia 1.7. Leg IV: patella + tibia 4.9. Female. Unknown.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
0B55FB5D5183515BBB30C22E33B5FFD4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet " Tetragnatha didorata " is the compound latinized form of the Greek words: " di " meaning " two " and " dory, dorata " meaning " spear ", referring to the spear-like shape of the thin and long apophysis and the elongated and pointed ' t' at the upper side of the male chelicerae.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
0B55FB5D5183515BBB30C22E33B5FFD4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is mainly found at Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, in the South region, but it was also collected in Para state, in the North region, all in Brazil (Fig. 19).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
9746931DEDDF50F7A26B40173AE66F88.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
056537D414465376857865C28E957B14.taxon	description	Figs 12, 13	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
3A05767D3F025293B2BECF4F1884EADA.taxon	description	Figs 14, 15, 16, 17	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
3A05767D3F025293B2BECF4F1884EADA.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. Brazil - Rio Grande do Sul • 1 female, Novos Cabrais, 29 ° 44 ' 06.0 " S, 52 ° 56 ' 52.0 " W, 27. i. 2010, RG Buss leg. (MCTP 43654); • 1 male, Sao Francisco de Paula, Potreiro Velho, 29 ° 24 ' 47.9 " S, 50 ° 15 ' 36.8 " W, 12 - 14. xi. 1998, AA Lise leg. (MCTP 12037); • 1 male, same locality, 04 - 06. i. 1999, AA Lise leg. (MCTP 15792); • 2 males, 2 females, same locality, 14 - 17. xii. 1996, AA Lise leg. (MCTP 43336); • 1 male, Santo Antonio da Patrulha, 29 ° 49 ' 04.0 " S, 50 ° 31 ' 12.0 " W, 27. viii. 1994 (MCTP 4929); • 1 male, Viamao, 30 ° 04 ' 51.0 " S, 51 ° 01 ' 22.0 " W, 07. xi. 1995, AA Lise et. al. leg. (MCTP 43337); • 1 male, Viamao, Itapua ,, 30 ° 17 ' 02.7 " S, 51 ° 01 ' 23.3 " W, 29. v. 2004, BP Zambonato leg. (MCTP 33638); Santa Catarina • 1 male, Florianopolis: Morro das Aranhas, Costao do Santinho, 27 ° 28 ' 05.9 " S, 48 ° 22 ' 49.8 " W, 2007, F Albertoni leg. (IBSP 144176); Sao Paulo • 1 female, Sao Paulo, Parque Ilha dos Eucaliptos, Jardim Angela, Reservatorio de Guarapiranga, 23 ° 44 ' 00.0 " S, 46 ° 44 ' 01.5 " W, 07 - 13. x. 2003, I Cizauskas and CRM Garcia leg. (IBSP 61361).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
3A05767D3F025293B2BECF4F1884EADA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of T. oncognatha sp. nov. share with T. cristata sp. nov. and T. jaculator similar small-sized cylindrical bodies and small chelicerae, with ' a' small sized and ' T' long distalward projected (Figs 7 A-E, G, 8 A, 14 A-E, G, 16 A; Castanheira and Baptista 2021 a, figs 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 74). However, T. oncognatha sp. nov. is easily identified by chelicerae with small AXu, much more conspicuous and rounded cheliceral bulge, and deep lower crest beginning before Gl and ending after L 2, embolus opening inside ventral portion of conductor and paracymbium with narrower lobe and longer notch (Figs 14 D-F, H-J, 16 A, B, E-G). Females are similar to T. guatemalensis in regard to chelicerae and genitalia, but T. oncognatha sp. nov. is distinguished by chelicerae with much smaller U 2 and L 2, much larger gaps between Gl and L 2 and between L 2 and L 3, no outer cusp, more rounded genital fold and internal genitalia formed by much larger central sac and two much more rounded spermathecae (Figs 15 D-I, 16 C, D).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
3A05767D3F025293B2BECF4F1884EADA.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype, MCTP 7067): Carapace elongated and, tapering toward slightly elevated anterior part, with rounded borders and yellowish brown colour hue with thin dark line rebordering its edges (Fig. 14 A, B). Labium subquadrate and dark brown (Fig. 14 C). Sternum oval and light brown, with no marks or contour (Fig. 14 C). ALE and PLE touching each other (Fig. 14 A). Legs yellowish brown with four pairs of spines on femur (Fig. 14 A-C). Chelicerae paturon approximately 3.3 x longer than wide and 1.6 x shorter than carapace, moderately curved outwards, around 30 ° from body median line, moderately thick and with orange-brown colour hue, bearing a large and rounded conspicuous bulge (CB) between teeth rows (Figs 14 A, D-G, 16 A, B). ' a' short, thick, out- and distalward projected, continuously bent from its basis, except in its last third, which bears a more abrupt curvature; with a carved tip, and located in middle portion of paturon (Figs 14 D, E, 16 A). AXu very reduced, almost a nub, located on fang furrow (Figs 14 D, E, 16 A). Upper row with six uneven teeth distalward projected (Figs 14 D, E, 16 A): Gu small, thick, pointed, slanted and displaced from fang furrow and row itself, apart from ' T' by a large gap formed by CB; ' sl' absent; ' T' elongated, thick, and very pointed, with very large basis; ' rsu' with four almost straight pointed teeth decreasing in size. AXl absent (Figs 14 E, F, 16 B). Lower row with seven teeth distalward projected (Figs 14 E, F, 16 B): Gl elongated, thick, finger-like and located on edge of fang furrow, alongside L 2 on soft lower crest (CRl); L 2 and L 3 pointed, L 2 more sclerotized and apart from L 3 by a conspicuous gap, partially covered by CRl and L 3 apart from L 4 by a gap of same size; L 4 - L 7 very pointed, L 4 with almost same size as L 6, L 5 - L 7 decreasing in size, with L 7 very reduced. Cheliceral fang moderately thick, and closing between teeth rows (Figs 14 D-F, 16 A, B). Abdomen medium-sized, around 1.9 x longer than carapace, cylindrical and beige, dorsally covered by guanine crystals, bearing a lateral dark line (Fig. 14 A-C). Epiandrous field oval and flat, with wide distal part, bearing six and eight spigots in two bands apart by a large midway division (Fig. 16 H). Pedipalps with elongated cymbium, around 2 x longer than short, distally bending laterad, with rounded tibia (Figs 14 H, I, 16 E); tegulum around 1.3 x wider than long, spherical and inflated (Figs 14 H, I, 16 E); conductor twisted, only medially thicker and sclerotized, with wide tip completely enfolding embolus as a wide and projected pouch, which projects beyond embolus tip as a cap (Figs 14 H, I, 16 E, F); embolus short, thick and sinuous, originating at the middle portion of the bulb, near the cymbium (Figs 14 H, I, 16 E, F); paracymbium around 3.4 x longer than wide, triangular, thick and moderately downward slanted at its tip, with a finger-like notch, translucent lobe occupying around 40 % of the paracymbium length, neither reaching its basis, nor its apex, knob large and not projected (Figs 14 J, 16 G). Measurements. Total length 6.1. Carapace 2.0 long, 1.3 wide. Abdomen 4.2 long, 1.1 wide. Left chelicera 1.2 long, 0.4 wide. Leg formula I-II-IV-III. Leg I: femur 2.9, patella 0.8, tibia 4.9, metatarsus 4.1 and tarsus 0.7. Leg II: patella + tibia 3.8. Leg III: patella + tibia 1.6. Leg IV: patella + tibia 2.4. Female (paratype MCTP 15965): Carapace colour, maxillae, fovea, eyes, labium, and legs similar to male, but sternum dusky, with light brown spots between coxae (Fig. 15 A-C). Chelicera paturon around 2.6 x longer than wide, 1.9 x shorter than carapace and bending around 25 ° from body median line, with similar colour hue as male (Figs 15 A, D-G, 16 C, D). AXu absent (Figs 15 D, E, 16 C). Upper row with seven teeth distalward projected (Figs 15 D, E, 16 C): Gu large, thick, pointed, very sclerotized and triangular, located on fang groove and apart from U 2 by medium-sized gap; U 2 small, with size similar to U 7, triangular and pointed, apart from U 3 by medium-sized gap; U 3 - U 7 decreasing in size and pointed. AXl absent (Figs 15 E, F, 16 D). Lower row with six teeth distalward projected (Figs 15 E, F, 16 D): Gl triangular, thick and very sclerotized, located on fang groove and apart from L 2 by medium-sized gap; L 2 small, triangular and pointed, apart from L 3 by medium-sized gap; L 3 - L 6 decreasing in size and pointed. Cheliceral fang thick, uniformly tapering, serrated and abruptly curving from midway to its tip (Figs 15 D-F, 16 C, D). Abdomen slightly longer than that of male, around 2.6 x longer than carapace, and bearing wider lateral black line (Fig. 15 A-C). Genital fold short, around 4.7 x wider than long, with a straight posterior rim and with beige colour hue (Fig. 15 H). Internal genitalia with two massive globular spermathecae connected to a rounded uterus externus, and a large and oval central membranous sac, with very short stalk (Fig. 15 I). Measurements. Total length 8.5. Carapace 2.5 long, 1.4 wide. Abdomen 6.0 long, 1.4 wide. Left chelicera 1.1 long, 0.5 wide. Leg formula I-II-IV-III. Leg I: femur 4.4, patella 0.8, tibia 5.1, metatarsus 5.4 and tarsus 1.3. Leg II: patella + tibia 3.5. Leg III: patella + tibia 1.6. Leg IV: patella + tibia 3.1.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
3A05767D3F025293B2BECF4F1884EADA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific Greek epithet " Tetragnatha oncognatha " refers to the gibbous, inflated chelicerae of both sexes, and is composed of the latinized form of the Greek " onkos " meaning " tumour, swell ", and " gnatha " meaning " mouthpart, chelicera ".	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
3A05767D3F025293B2BECF4F1884EADA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The distribution of this species ranges from Itatiaia in South-centre Rio de Janeiro state, through Rancho Queimado in Centre-east Santa Catarina state, to Guaiba in South-centre and Viamao in Northeast Rio Grande do Sul state, all in Brazil (Fig. 17).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
C5AEE01B345F5DECBB173E0376F08B21.taxon	description	Figs 18, 19	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
C5AEE01B345F5DECBB173E0376F08B21.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tetragnatha pradoi sp. nov. seems similar to T. nitens, as both species share very elongated and bulky bodies, with abdomen much wider anteriorly, and similar chelicerae (Fig. 18 A, B, Castanheira et al. 2019, fig. 15 A, B). Differently from T. nitens, however, T. pradoi sp. nov. has a short tail behind the spinnerets and AXu of the chelicerae is much more elongated, Gu and U 2 slightly closer and fangs with an outer cusp and an inner cusp (differing from the basal cusp of T. nitens) (Fig. 18 A-E; Castanheira et al. 2019, figs 15 A-I, 16 B). Also, the genital fold of this new species is the longest within Tetragnatha, even longer than that in T. mandibulata, identifying this species from all other in the genus (Fig. 18 G).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
C5AEE01B345F5DECBB173E0376F08B21.taxon	description	Description. Female (based on holotype MCTP 14123): Carapace elongated, flattened and orange-brown, with two dark parallel lines from eyes, passing through fovea towards posterior rim (Fig. 18 A). Labium l longer than wide and light brown. Sternum oval and light brown. AME and PME almost touching, and ALE and PLE touching (Fig. 18 A). Legs very long, orange-brown (Fig. 18 A, B). Chelicera paturon around 3.9 x longer than wide, 1.3 x shorter than carapace and around 20 ° from body median line, with orange-brown colour hue, (Fig. 18 A, C-F). AXu elongated, pointed and distalward projected, with very large basis (Fig. 18 C, D). Upper row with eight teeth distalward projected (Fig. 18 C, D): Gu long and pointed, similar to AXu. but with narrow basis, and located on fang furrow, apart from U 2 by a moderate gap; U 2 similar to Gu and apart from it and U 3 by moderate gaps of the same length; U 3 - U 8 pointed and decreasing in size. AXl absent (Fig. 18 D, E). Lower row with eleven teeth distalward projected (Fig. 18 D, E): Gl elongated, pointed and sclerotized, apart from L 2 by a large sclerotized gap; L 2 with a moderate size, pointed and slightly displaced from the row itself, apart from L 3 by a small gap; L 3 - L 11 pointed and decreasing in size, L 10 and L 11 extremely reduced. Cheliceral fang thick, anteriorly enlarged and uniformly tapering to its tip, bearing a large triangular outer cusp near its basis and a small inner cusp on its first third (Fig. 18 C-F). Abdomen almost 3.2 x longer than carapace, cylindrical and anteriorly bulging, with beige colour hue, covered by sparse guanine crystals, and having a small tail after the spinnerets (Fig. 18 A, B). Genital fold extremely elongated, around 1.7 x longer than wide, narrowed midway, with a rounded posterior rim, and light brown colour hue (Fig. 18 G). Internal genitalia with two rounded sclerotized and longer than wide spermathecae, connected to a large uterus externus and a cylindrical central membranous sac (Fig. 18 H). Measurements. Total length 11.1. Carapace 2.6 long, 1.5 wide. Abdomen 8.7 long, 2.1 wide. Left chelicera 1.8 long, 0.6 wide. Male. Unknown.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
C5AEE01B345F5DECBB173E0376F08B21.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet " Tetragnatha pradoi " is a patronym honouring Andre Wanderley do Prado, work-colleague and friend of the authors, who gave a great deal of support throughout the development of all manuscripts on Tetragnatha.	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
C5AEE01B345F5DECBB173E0376F08B21.taxon	distribution	Distribution. From Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul state) to Argentina (Buenos Aires province) (Fig. 19).	en	Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Oliveira, Francisca Samia Martins (2022): Five new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in South America, with a key to the species from Argentina and Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics 6 (2): 175-210, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.6.91418
