taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D087A5FFF0FFD297472FF5F25E8C2C.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Clytus (Ochroesthes) circuliferus Chevrolat, 1860 (= Clytus sommeri Chevrolat, 1835). Subsequent designation, Thomson 1861: 219).	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD297472FF5F25E8C2C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Ochraethes is characterized as follows: frons transverse; vertex wider than long; genae short or elongate, broad; upper interocular space slightly wider than lower interocular space; vertex transversely rectangular; subsutural costa (subparallel to suture) beginning from anterior third; elytral apex rounded, truncate or emarginate; prosternal process narrow or broad, arcuate, often with rounded lobes apically; mesoventrite with anterior portion from elevate to strongly elevate; and mesoventral process abruptly depressed. This genus exhibits pubescence patterns on the elytra that are useful for species identification. However, in most species the general coloration of the pubescence on body has a wide range from bright to dark (including the pubescence patterns on the elytra).	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD697672B23F0EA8E62.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 9 F 5815 E- 5 B 2 E- 4092 - 9482 - 4 B 4 F 69 E 27 A 63 Fig. 1	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD697672B23F0EA8E62.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is an adjective derived from Latin ‘ confusus ’ (‘ confused’); refers to the irregular pattern of black pubescence on the elytra, which is similar to that of other species of the genus.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD697672B23F0EA8E62.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype MEXICO • ♂; Puebla, 1 km SW of Acatepec; 14 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; EMEC. Paratypes (34) MEXICO • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀ ♀; Muséum de Paris 1916 de Tonanzin, Biant 1864; MNHN. – Chiapas • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 16 km W of Ocozocoautla “ El Aguacero ”; 30 Sep. 1994; V. H. Toledo leg.; CIUM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 16 – 23 Oct. 1988; E. Giesbert leg.; JEWC. – Oaxaca • 2 ♂♂; 4 km S of Miltepec; 13 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 15 km NE of Huajuapan de León; 2 Nov. 1991; alt. 1570 m; Felipe A. Noguera and A. Rodríguez leg.; EBCC • 2 ♂♂; Km 26 “ carr. fed. ” [federal road] Huajuapan de León – Oaxaca; 17 ° 42 ′ 45.7 ″ N, 97 ° 39 ′ 07.3 ″ W; alt. 2112 m; 5 Oct. 2009; J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Huajuapan de León, Huejonapa; 17 ° 49 ′ 58.96 ″ N, 97 ° 47 ′ 19.35 ″ W; 6 Nov. 2016; O. Pérez Flores leg.; BMNH • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; CNIN • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; MX 125, 38 km NE of Huajuapan de León; 18 Oct. 2001; F. Skillman and J. Davidson; FWSC. – Puebla • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; EMEC • 1 ♀; 10 km NE of Chapulco; 15 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FWSC • 1 ♀; Caltepec, 3 km W of Acatepec; 18 ° 13 ′ 14.4 ″ N, 97 ° 36 ′ 23.2 ″ W; alt. 2022 m; 27 Oct. 2014; L. Cervantes and J. Báez leg.; “ matorral espinoso ”; IEXA • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Tehuacan; 19 Oct. 1941; DeLong, Good Culdwell and Plummer leg.; FMNH. Additional material MEXICO – Chiapas • 1 ♀; 16 km W of Ocozocoautla, “ El Aguacero ”; 30 Sep. 1994; V. H. Toledo leg.; CIUM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 11 Oct. 1994; CIUM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 20 Oct. 1994; CIUM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; EBCC • 5 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 2 Nov. 1994; CIUM • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; EBCC • 6 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 4 Nov. 1994; CIUM • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; EBCC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Nov. 1994; CIUM • 1 ♀; “ El Aguacero ”, 16 km W of Ocozocoautla; 16 – 23 Oct. 1988; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Teotitlán del Valle; 19 Oct. 1978; E. Barrera leg.; CNIN • 1 ♂; Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Cañón del Sumidero, Mirador El Tepehuaje; 16 ° 49 ′ 39.5 ″ N, 93 ° 05 ′ 26.3 ″ W; alt. 1257 m; 28 Oct. 2008; M. M. Álvarez and T. Red leg.; “ selva baja caducifolia ”; CIUM. – Oaxaca • 1 ♀; 22 Sep. 1923; E. G. Smyth leg.; JEWC • 1 ♂; 3 km SSE of Llano Verde, Km 124 “ carr. ” [road] Oax – Huajuapan; 17 ° 16 ′ 49 ″ N, 97 ° 04 ′ 26 ″ W; alt. 2280 m; 8 Oct. 2003; J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS • 1 ♂; 3 mi. from Miahuatlán on Cuistla rd; 15 Oct. 1948; E. O. Wagner leg.; EMEC • 1 ♂; 3 mi. S El Camerón; 2 Oct. 1986; R. Miller and L. Stange leg.; FSCA • 2 ♂♂; 6 km S of Santiago Matatlán, RMO Ocotepec; 16 Oct. 2005; F. Skillman and B. Eya leg.; FWSC • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; 8 mi NW of Tutla; alt. 5500 feet; 6 Oct. 975; J. Powell, J. Chemsak, T. Eichlin and T. Friedlander leg.; EMEC • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 15 km NE of Huajuapan de León; alt. 1570 m; 2 Nov. 1991; Felipe A. Noguera and A. Rodríguez leg.; EBCC • 1 ♀; 25 km SE of Huajuapan; 13 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 8 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; 25 km SW of Huajuapan de León; 24 Oct. 2005; F. Skillman and B. Eya leg.; flowers; FWSC • 1 ♀; 30 km SE of Cuicatlan; alt. 1281 m; 7 Oct. 2005, E. Elizalde and L. Cervantes leg.; “ selva baja ”; IEXA • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; 35 km N of Huajuapan de León; 15 Oct. 2005; F. Skillman and B. Eya leg.; FWSC • 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 38 km NE of Huajuapan de León; 18 Oct. 2001; F. Skillman and J. Davidson leg.; FWSC • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; 50 km NE of Huajuapan de León; 11 Oct. 1994; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; 63 km NE of Huajuapan; 14 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 1 ♀; Chapulapa; 3 May 77; Castillo Cabos leg.; COLPOS • 3 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Guelatao; alt. 1800 m; 15 Nov. 1964; EMEC • 1 ♂; Km 68.5 “ carr. fed. ” [federal road] Huajuapan de León – Oaxaca; 18 ° 12 ′ 28.7 ″ N, 97 ° 38´44.6 ″ W; alt. 1973 m; 6 Oct. 2009; W. J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS • 1 ♀; Km 75 “ carr. fed. ” [federal road] Huajuapan de León – Oaxaca; 17 ° 42 ′ 45.7 ″ N, 97 ° 39 ′ 07.3 ″ W; alt. 2112 m; 6 Oct. 2009; J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS • 1 ♂; Km 122 “ carr. fed. ” [federal road] Miahutlan – Puerto Ángel; 16 ° 14 ′ 55.1 ″ N, 96 ° 32 ′ 44.2 ″ W; alt. 2051.3 m; 3 Oct. 2009; J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS • 1 ♂; Miahuatlán; alt. 1000 m; 9 Oct. 1948; H. O. Wagner leg.; EMEC • 1 ♀; km 15 Miahuatlán – Puerto Ángel; 16 ° 14 ′ 55 ″ N, 96 ° 32 ′ 43 ″ W; alt. 2047 m; 11 Oct. 2005; W. L. Cervantes and E. Elizalde leg.; “ encinar ”; IEXA • 1 ♀; Monte Albán; 17 ° 03 ′ 00 ″ N, 96 ° 45 ′ 56 ″ W; alt. 1859 m; 7 Oct. 2005; E. Elizalde and L. Cervantes leg.; “ bosque pino ”; IEXA • 13 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; vicinity of Matatlan; 19 Oct. 2001; F. Skillman and J. Davidson; microwave tower; FWSC. – Puebla • 2 ♀♀; 1 km SW of Acatepec; 14 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; 2 km SE of Zapotitlán Salinas; alt. 1410 m; 3 Nov. 1991; F. A. Noguera and A. Rodríguez leg.; EBCC • 1 ♂; 4 mi. SW of Morelos; 20 Sep. 1977; J. Chemsak and A. and M. Michelbacher leg.; “ cañada ”; EMEC • 1 ♂; 5 mi. S of Chapulco; alt. 7500 feet; 4 Oct. 1975; J. Powell leg.; EMEC • 2 ♂♂; 6 km SW of Teontepec; 2 Oct. 2003; J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS • 2 ♂♂; 6 mi. S of Zapotitlan; alt. 5500 feet; 6 Oct. 1975; EMEC • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; 7 km SE of Morelos; alt. 7700 feet; 4 Oct. 1975; J. Powell, J. Chemsak, T. Eichlin and T. Friedlander leg.; “ cañada ”; EMEC • 1 ♂; 9 km NE of Chapulco; 15 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 1 ♀; 10 km S of Zapotitlán; 14 Oct. 1978; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; 18 km SE of I. de Matamoros; alt. 1270 m; 31 Oct. 1991; F. A. Noguera and A. Rodríguez leg.; EBCC • 3 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; 23 km SE of Zapotitlán Salinas; alt. 1880 m; 3 Nov. 1991; F. A. Noguera leg.; EBCC • 1 ♀; 25 km N of Tehuacán; 4 Nov. 1991; F. A. Noguera and R. Ayala leg.; EBCC • 1 ♀; Tehuacán; Sep. 1917; C. C. Hoffman leg.; CNIN • 1 ♂; El Tepenene, 10 mi. SE of Izucar de Matamoros; alt. 4500 feet; 8 Oct. 1975; J. Chemsak, T. Eichlin and T. Friedlander leg.; EMEC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Km 36 “ carr. ” [road] Zapotitlán – Acatepec; 18.17.30 ° N, 97.31.737 ° W; alt. 1633 m; 3 Oct. 2003; J. Romero Nápoles leg.; COLPOS. – Tabasco • 1 ♂; Tapijulapa; 28 Jun. 90; Moreno leg.; CNIN.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD697672B23F0EA8E62.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype) COLORATION. Integument black on head, thorax, elytra, and abdominal ventrites I – III, and basal half of IV; from reddish brown to dark orange on antennae, palpi, legs, posterior half of abdominal ventrite IV, and abdominal ventrite V. HEAD. Surface finely and densely punctate; with short bright yellow pubescence on frons, genae, gulamentum, and mouthparts, bright orange on vertex (yellow in some specimens), and dense, long, erect, homogeneous bright yellow setae. Frons 2.2 × as wide as long; median groove defined; tentorial depression transverse superficial and incomplete. Eyes finely faceted, with interlobular space as long as width lower lobe; distance between upper eyes lobes 4.5 × as wide as upper lobe; interantennal space 0.6 × length of scape. Antennal tubercles elevated with distinct depression toward median groove. Genae 0.7 × as wide as a lower lobe. Anteclypeus 3.5 × as wide as long. Labrum narrower than anteclypeus with straight sides. Gulamentum 4 × as wide as long. Antennae 1.1 × elytral length, reaching posterior third of elytra, with sparse bright yellow (brown on some areas) pubescence on scape, pedicel, and antennomeres III – IV, brown on antennomeres V – XI, and long setae on scape, pedicel, and antennomeres III – XI, especially ventrally and toward apex; antennomere XI with apex rounded; antennal ratio based on length of antennomere III; scape = 1.22; pedicel = 0.51; IV = 0.94; V – VII = 1.00; VIII – IX = 0.91; X = 0.65; XI = 0.92. THORAX. Prothorax 1.2 × as wide as long, rounded laterally. Pronotum moderately finely punctate, with dense bright yellow pubescence and bright orange pubescence interspersed; on central area more bright orange with transverse black pubescence (sometimes brown), and dense bright yellow (some brown) erect setae; disk with fossula from base to middle, base constricted laterally, and laterobasal area arched. Scutellum longer than wide, apically obtuse, densely covered with bright yellow pubescence. Elytra 2.25 × as long as wide, with dense bright yellow pubescence (occasionally bright orange), and long, erect bright yellow (some ochre) setae on base and apex (some along elytral suture); with five transverse black pubescent bands as follows: first on base, undulated, from humerus to suture; second on anterior third, surrounding semicircular yellow pubescent macula; third on middle; fourth on posterior third, wider than the previous ones, subparallel, reaching suture; and fifth near to the apex, as wide as third and fourth, not reaching suture; sub-sutural costa distinguishable, more clearly on posterior third; parasutural region depressed, with its widest zone half width of elytron; apex obliquely truncate, with apicolateral projection reduced. Humeri elevated. Prosternum with dense bright yellow pubescence and moderately erect bright yellow setae; prosternal process narrow and posteriorly arcuate, apex with rounded lobes. Mesoventrite anteriorly strongly elevated, mostly with dense bright yellow pubescence and scarce erect bright yellow setae; mesoventral process broad, 0.7 × width of mesocoxal cavities, in lateral view, surpassing dorsal surface of mesocoxae, apex emarginate; mesanepisternum covered with dense pubescence, abundantly punctate; mesepimeron less pubescent than mesanepisternum. Metaventrite with dense bright yellow pubescence, apical projection rounded; metanepisternum more pubescent than metaventrite. Legs with dense bright yellow pubescence, pale yellow on coxae, some brown and ochre on tarsi; metafemora reach apex of ventrite IV, with apical projection reduced, rounded; metatibiae with innermost spine just longer than outermost; metatarsomere I as long as metatarsomeres II – V together. ABDOMEN. Intercoxal process moderate, gradually narrowed toward acute apex, with homogeneous bright yellow pubescence, denser laterally and apically, and erect, sparse bright yellow setae; apex of ventrite V truncate and slightly crenulated. MALE GENITALIA. Parameres moderately sclerotized, subparallel in ventral view, narrower toward apex; with short setae throughout and long apical setae; inter-parameres space rounded; basal projection discontinued, very oblique in ventral view, extending to middle of each paramere (Fig. 1 E). Female Similar to male. Antennae just surpassing first third of elytra, antennomeres IX – XI shorter and wider than in males. Metafemora slightly shorter than in male. Color of ventrites usually reddish brown-dark orange, occasionally similar to male. Apex of ventrite V rounded. Dimensions (mm) Holotype male. Total length, 15.15; prothoracic length, 3.25; anterior prothoracic width, 3.40; posterior prothoracic width, 3.05; widest prothoracic width 3.95; humeral width, 5.20; elytral length, 10.60. Paratypes male / female. Total length, 8.85 – 15.25 / 9.85 – 18.60; prothoracic length, 1.70 – 3.34 / 1.95 – 3.85; anterior prothoracic width, 1.85 – 3.52 / 2.10 – 5.14; posterior prothoracic width, 1.55 – 3.16 / 1.75 – 4.35; greatest prothoracic width 2.15 – 4.08 / 2.40 – 5.70; humeral width, 2.85 – 5.30 / 3.05 – 7.20; elytral length, 6.30 – 10.73 / 7.0 – 13.10.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD697672B23F0EA8E62.taxon	distribution	Distribution Mexico: Puebla, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Tabasco.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF0FFD697672B23F0EA8E62.taxon	discussion	Remarks The specimens from southeastern Oaxaca and Chiapas have the integument colour darker on legs and abdomen. The pubescent pattern of this species is consistent in males and females and allows it to be distinguished it from other species of the genus; only males have darker pubescence on the body. Ochraethes confusus sp. nov. is most similar to O. sommeri (Chevrolat, 1835) in the pubescence pattern, but differs by the five transverse bands of black pubescence on the elytra (four in O. sommeri), which are slender, and more sinuous. Also, it can be distinguished from O. sommeri by the anteclypeus and labrum reduced (no reduced in O. sommeri); metafemora reaching apex of ventrite IV (reaching V in O. sommeri), and the apical projection of the metafemora reduced (not reduced in O. sommeri).	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF4FFD5975F29E1F4288CC8.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 AEDB 175 - 184 D- 49 AB-AD 23 - AB 37386 DE 4 FA Fig. 2	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF4FFD5975F29E1F4288CC8.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name nigroapicalis is composed from the Latin ‘ niger, nigra, nigrum ’, and ‘ apex, apicis ’, referring to pubescence patterns on male elytra, which is mostly black on the posterior half.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF4FFD5975F29E1F4288CC8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype MEXICO • ♂; Nayarit, 5 – 10 km W of Jala; 8 Dec. 1990; E. Giesbert leg.; EMEC. Paratypes (32) MEXICO – Jalisco • 8 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 3.4 km NW of Tequila; alt. 1295 m; 25 Sep. 1976; C. D. George and R. R. Snelling leg.; LACM • 1 ♀; San Martín de Bolaños; alt. 1400 m; 22 – 26 Oct. 1996; C. Cabello leg.; “ selva baja caducifolia ”; EBCC. – Nayarit • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; EMEC • 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; FSCA • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; San Juan, Sierra de San Juan; 21.50432 º N, 104.92461 º W; 14 Oct. 2020; Fernando Amador Martínez leg.; CNIN • 3 ♂♂; Volcán Ceboruco, 8 – 12 km W of Jala; 4 Oct. 1990; J. E. Wappes leg.; JEWC • 1 ♀; 5 – 10 km W of Jala; alt. 4000 – 5000 feet; 27 Sep. – 6 Oct. 1991; E. Giesbert leg.; FSCA. – Zacatecas • 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; 6 km SSW of Tepetongo; 3 Oct. 1990; J. E. Wappes leg.; JEWC.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF4FFD5975F29E1F4288CC8.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype) COLORATION. Integument black on head, thorax, coxae, elytra, and abdominal ventrites I – III, and basal half of abdominal ventrites IV and V; reddish brown on antennae, palpi, legs, and posterior half of abdominal ventrites IV and V. HEAD. Surface finely and densely punctate; with short bright yellow pubescence on frons, genae, gulamentum, and mouthparts, bright orange on vertex (yellow in some specimens), and dense, long, erect, homogeneous pale yellow (bright yellow in some specimens) setae. Frons 2.1 × as wide as long; median groove defined; tentorial depression transverse superficial and incomplete. Eyes finely faceted, with interlobular space as long as width lower lobe; distance between upper eyes lobes 5.0 × as wide as upper lobe; interantennal space 0.7 × as long as scape. Antennal tubercles slightly elevated with distinct depression toward median groove. Genae small, 0.5 × as wide as of lower lobe. Anteclypeus 4.5 × as wide as long. Labrum distinctly narrower than anteclypeus with straight sides. Gulamentum 3.2 × as wide as long. Antennae 1.2 × elytral length, reaching posterior quarter of elytra, with sparse bright yellowish-white or pale yellow pubescence on scape, pedicel, and antennomeres III – VIII, mostly brown on antennomeres VII – XI, and long setae on scape, pedicel, and antennomeres III – X, mainly ventrally and toward apex; antennomere XI with apex rounded; antennal ratio based on length of antennomere III; scape = 1.20; pedicel = 0.58; IV = 1.00; V – VII = 1.22; VIII – IX = 1.00; X = 0.84; XI = 1.22. THORAX. Prothorax 1.5 × as wide as long, rounded laterally. Pronotum moderately finely punctate, with dense bright yellow pubescence and bright orange pubescence interspersed; on central area more orange, and with dense bright yellow (some brown) erect setae; base constricted laterally, and laterobasal area arched. Scutellum wider than long, apically rounded, densely covered with bright yellow pubescence. Elytra 2.2 × as long as wide, with dense bright orange pubescence (occasionally bright yellow in some specimens), and long brown (some ochre) setae on base and apex; without transverse bands of black pubescence on basal half; with contrasting maculae of bright yellow (occasionally pale yellow in some specimens) pubescence as follows: first on humeral area, subelliptical; second close to suture on basal third, elongated; third on middle of anterior half, semicircular; fourth before middle, subeliptical, oblique; posterior half mostly covered with black pubescence, except apex with orange and bright yellow pubescence, surrounding dark central pubescence (sometimes, dark pubescence absent in some specimens); sub-sutural costa distinguishable, more clearly on posterior third; parasutural region depressed, with it widest zone 0.4 × as wide as an elytron; apex slightly obliquely truncate, with apicolateral projection reduced. Humeri elevated, with brown (sometimes ochre in some specimens) pubescence. Prosternum with dense pale yellow (bright yellow toward sides) pubescence and moderately erect pale yellow setae; prosternal process narrow and posteriorly arcuate, apex with rounded lobes. Mesoventrite anteriorly moderately elevated, mostly with dense whitish pubescence and scattered erect pale yellow setae; mesoventral intercoxal process broad, 0.6 × as wide as mesocoxal cavities, in lateral view just as elevated as mesocoxae, apex emarginate; mesanepisternum covered with dense bright yellow pubescence, abundantly punctate; mesepimeron with whitish pubescence. Metaventrite with dense pale yellow pubescence, apical projection rounded truncate; metanepisternum with bright yellow pubescence denser than on metaventrite. Legs with dense pale yellow pubescence on coxae, and femora, bright yellow on tibiae, and tarsi, some ochre on tarsi; metafemora reach apex of ventrite V, with apical projection reduced, obtuse; metatibiae with innermost spine just longer than outermost; metatarsomere I 1.15 × length of metatarsomeres II – V together. ABDOMEN. Intercoxal process wide, gradually narrowed toward acute apex, with homogeneous pale yellow pubescence on middle and bright yellow toward sides, denser laterally and apically, and erect, sparse pale yellow setae; apex of ventrite V truncate and slightly crenulated. MALE GENITALIA. Parameres moderately sclerotized, subparallel in ventral view, narrower toward apex; with short setae throughout and long apical setae; inter-parameres space acute; basal projection discontinued, very oblique in ventral view, extended to middle of each paramere (Fig. 2 E). Female Similar to male. Antennae just surpassing half length of elytra, antennomeres IX – XI shorter and wider than in males. Elytra with two transverse, wide, subparallel black pubescent bands reaching suture on posterior half, first on middle and second on posterior third, wide, sub-parallel, reaching elytral suture. Metafemora slightly shorter than in male. Apex of ventrite V rounded. Dimensions (mm) Holotype male. Total length, 13.35; prothoracic length, 3.20; anterior prothoracic width, 3.0; posterior prothoracic width, 2.80; widest prothoracic width 3.65; humeral width, 4.40; elytral length, 9.20. Paratypes male / female. Total length, 11.45 – 15.10 / 13.06 – 16.10; prothoracic length, 2.40 – 3.70 / 3.10 – 3.90; anterior prothoracic width, 2.25 – 3.40 / 2.88 – 3.72; posterior prothoracic width, 1.95 – 3.20 / 2.70 – 3.50; greatest prothoracic width 2.82 – 4.48 / 3.50 – 4.90; humeral width, 3.70 – 5.60 / 5.0 – 6.35; elytral length, 8.20 – 10.35 / 9.10 – 11.0.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF4FFD5975F29E1F4288CC8.taxon	distribution	Distribution Mexico: Jalisco, Nayarit and Zacatecas.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFF4FFD5975F29E1F4288CC8.taxon	discussion	Remarks The females of this species are very similar to O. sommeri, but the geographical distribution (only in southern of the Sierra Madre Occidental) and pubescent pattern on the elytra are useful to separate them. Also, this species can be distinguished from other known species by the labrum reduced with straight sides (rounded in O. sommeri); elytra with wide dark area covering nearly all of the posterior half (males); and metatarsomere I longer than II – V together. Ochraethes nigroapicalis sp. nov. is the species of genus Ochraethes with the most evident sexual dimorphism. Species delimitation analyses The final matrix of COI includes 84 terminals (including two species of Tanyochraethes and four of Trichoxys), 660 aligned characters and data of all morphotypes were obtained for each species (Figs 3 – 4). The multiple delimitation methods (ABGD, bPTP and GMYC) consistently separate the new species and support some synonymies within Ochraethes. Most of the species currently recognized species were recovered as single MOTU (Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit). The ABGD method with initial and recursive partitions recovered different results (initial = 18 MOTUs, recursive = 19 and 18 MOTUs), however, the last recursive partition showed 18 MOTUs (Fig. 5). In bPTP method, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods were congruent with 18 MOTUs. Finally, the coalescence analysis performed under GMYC method obtained the same MOTUs under coalescent models with a confidence interval of 11 – 22; likelihood of null model = 519.4138; likelihood of GMYC model = 525.3721. Nevertheless, Ochraethes brevicornis (Chevrolat, 1860) with O. virescens (Chevrolat, 1860), O. octomaculata Chemsak & Noguera, 2001 with Tanyochraethes cinereolus Chemsak & Linsley, 1965, O. obliquus (Chevrolat, 1860) with O. zebratus Bates, 1885, O. sommeri (Chevrolat, 1835) with Trichoxys giesberti, O. viridiventris (Chevrolat, 1860) with O. nigritus Bates, 1892, and O. z-littera (Chevrolat, 1860) with O. cristoforii (Chevrolat, 1860) and O. litura Bates, 1885 were recovered as one MOTU respectively. On the other hand, O. sommeri comprises a major morphological variation of the genus, with different populations across Mexico. The coalescence analysis suggest that all populations belong to a single MOTU, except the populations from southwestern Puebla, Oaxaca, Chiapas and Tabasco (Ochraethes confusus sp. nov.) and populations from northwestern Jalisco, southwestern Nayarit and Zacatecas (Ochraethes nigroapicalis sp. nov.). The maximum likelihood tree from IQ-TREE represents a first approximation about the phylogenetic relationships of Ochraethes, which recovered the genus as polyphyletic; however, a more comprehensive study (additional markers and taxa) about the evolutionary relationships of this group is needed.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFEDFFCC971229C9F47C88B5.taxon	description	Also, in this work, we propose O. clerinus as a junior synonym of O. viridiventris based on the same situation as O. nigritus. Bates (1892) described O. clerinus and O. nigritus from the same locality in Guerrero; these specimens are very similar and differ only in the coloration of pubescence on body. The holotype of O. clerinus is female, which is very important because females are commonly longer than males, and the holotype of O. viridiventris is a male (the specimen was described as female). The pattern of the black pubescence on the elytra is almost identical, the elytral apex obliquely truncate, anteclypeus and labrum have the same shape in the type material of the two species described by Bates (Fig. 4 J – L).	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
03D087A5FFEEFFCD97382FB4F36A8C82.taxon	description	Species delimitation of Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 The pubescence pattern on the elytra is the most important character for discriminating the species of Ochraethes (Linsley 1964). However, in most species of the genus Ochraethes there is a certain degree of polymorphism, especially in the pubescence (showing tonalities from dark to pale or bright yellow) and integument colour variation (Fig. 3). The delimitation analyses performed in this study allowed the inference of a slight variation in genetic structure within populations of Ochraethes and the high phenotypic plasticity of their species (Fig. 3). However, the specimens with extreme range of variation (dark or bright yellow tonalities) are less common, and this fact may be caused by environmental conditions (Hartl & Clark 1997; Freeland et al. 2011). The revised material distribution allowed to explore the influence of other extrinsic factor: exposure to heat or humidity. The specimens that inhabit dry environments showed a light coloration on the body, and the specimens in temperate and cold environments showed a darker coloration. This fact has already been studied in other insect groups (e. g. ants, damselflies), and it is linked to heat regulation mechanisms or different behaviors depending on the temperature (Bishop et al. 2016; Law et al. 2020; Blow et al. 2021). Also, there may be evolutionary factors related to mimicry strategies, as well as camouflage, i. e., the pubescence matching in colour with the flowers on which the adults feed. Although populations of species of Ochraethes showed a variable coloration of pubescence and integument, they exhibited diagnostic characters throughout their distribution (Table 1). For most of the species analyzed, we included specimens from different localities, and they were delimited as MOTUs with a high degree of variation. Particularly, O. sommeri shows the largest phenotypic plasticity, and two populations commonly considered as O. sommeri were discriminated as independent lineages (representing the two new species). Moreover, the delimitation analyses support synonymies in some species showing morphological similarities and the same distribution. On the other hand, sexual dimorphism is common in Ochraethes, for example in O. sommeri, females do not show dark tones in the pubescence. Some other species (O. nigrescens, O. viridiventris) show a full range of variation in males and females (even in one locality). This is relevant since several species of Ochraethes described in the past were based on single specimens, or used only one sex, and some of them represent only variations of other species. In the descriptions of new species in this group, the type material should at least include specimens of both sexes for a better taxonomic treatment. A complete morphological revision of the genus Ochraethes will allow the differentiation and boundaries of the genus from other genera of the tribe Clytini, and subsequent nomenclatural changes and keys for species placed in the related genera.	en	Pérez-Flores, Óscar, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor H. (2022): Species delimitation in the genus Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 845: 1-29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1951
