identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
808114ECE8D15A358E8715D370620AC8.text	808114ECE8D15A358E8715D370620AC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonitata houjayi Lee 2022	<div><p>Japonitata houjayi sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1A-C, 2, 3</p><p>Types.</p><p>Holotype ♂ (TARI). Taipei, Shihtzutoukeng (獅子頭坑), 300 m, 1.V.2010, leg. H.-J. Chen. Paratypes: 1♂, 5♀ (TARI), same data as holotype; 4♂, 1♀ (TARI), same but with  “4.V.2010”; 4♂, 3♀ (TARI), same but with  “8.V.2010”; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same but with  “26.V.2010”; 3♂, 4♀ (TARI), same but with  “28.V.2010”; 3♂ (TARI), same but with "leg. H. Lee"; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 25.IV.2012, leg. H.-J. Chen.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Length 5.5-6.6 mm, width 2.7-3.4 mm. General color (Fig. 1A-C) reddish brown; antennae black; legs dark brown. Antennomeres II-XI filiform but stout in males (Fig. 2A), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.7: 0.9: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.7: 0.8; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 2.5: 1.5: 1.9: 2.7: 2.5: 2.5: 2.5: 2.5: 2.4: 2.4: 3.5; stout antennae in males similar in females (Fig. 2B), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.6: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.8: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.8; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 2.5: 1.5: 2.0: 2.5: 2.4: 2.3: 2.5: 2.4: 2.6: 2.3: 2.9. Pronotum 1.6-1.7  × wider than long; disc with scarce, fine punctures at sides, reduced medially, with transverse groove near base, medially abbreviated, laterally connected with short longitudinal groove on basal margin; lateral margins slightly rounded, widest behind apices; apical margin slightly concave and basal margin slightly convex. Elytra 1.5  × longer than wide; disc with confused, dense, reduced punctures; with one small tubercle behind scutellum; with one distinct longitudinal ridge from humeral calli, parallel with lateral margin, abbreviated subapically; with one additional ridge also from humeral calli, distinct, directed medially; lateral margins moderately rounded, widest at apical third, apices convergent. Aedeagus (Fig. 2C, D) extremely slender, 7.5  × longer than wide; parallel-sided, slightly narrowed at apical 1/4, strongly narrowed subapically, apex narrowly rounded; moderately curved at basal 1/3 in lateral view; tectum slender, longitudinal, apex recurved; no endophallic sclerites. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V in males with distinct, narrow median lobe (Fig. 2G), apical margin slightly recurved, with short median internal ridge at middle of basal margin, from basal fourth to base; basal margin normal. Gonocoxae (Fig. 2F) longitudinal and connected basally, with narrow furrow between gonocoxae; each gonocoxa narrowed subapically, apex narrowly rounded, with eight long apical setae; base strongly sclerotized and narrow. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 2E) in females with apex weakly sclerotized, small, apical margin irregular; with dense short apical setae; spiculum extremely elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 2H) swollen, not delimited from pump; pump long and curved, with apical process curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct extremely short, not separated from receptaculum.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Adults of  J. houjayi sp. nov. are similar to those of  J. ruficollis Jiang, 1989 from China (Xizang) with reddish brown bodies, but differ in possessing black antennae and dark brown legs (yellow antenna with one or two apical antennomeres black, and reddish brown legs in  J. ruficollis).</p><p>Host plant.</p><p>Scutellaria indica L. ( Lamiaceae).</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Scutellaria indica is a small herbaceous plant (Fig. 3A) growing on slopes along roads (Fig. 3B). Adults appear only during May, usually resting on the undersides of leaves during daytime (Fig. 3C, D). Adults feed on the leaves (Fig. 3E) and were observed mating (Fig. 3F) occasionally.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new species name is dedicated to Mr. Hou-Jay Chen (陳厚潔), the first team member to find the habitat and collect type specimens.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This new species is known only from the type locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/808114ECE8D15A358E8715D370620AC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lee, Chi-Feng	Lee, Chi-Feng (2022): The genus Japonitata Strand (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) in Taiwan: a redefinition of the genus and descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1125: 171-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703
98411A08CF7755CF991ADC4D795AF174.text	98411A08CF7755CF991ADC4D795AF174.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonitata jungchani Lee 2022	<div><p>Japonitata jungchani sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1D-F, 4</p><p>Types.</p><p>Holotype ♂ (TARI), Pingtung, Tahanshan (大漢山), 1450 m, 12.IV.2020, leg. Y.-T. Chung. Paratypes. 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 4.IV.2010, leg. K.-D. Ho; 1♀ (TARI), same locality (= Jinshuiying  浸水營), 6.VI.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same but with  “22.V.2012”; 1♀ (TARI), Taitung, Lichia trail (利嘉林道), 1000 m, 10.V.2018, leg. B.-X. Guo.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Length 5.8-6.3 mm, width 3.1-3.3 mm. General color (Fig. 1D-F) reddish brown; head and prothorax black; legs dark brown. Antennomeres II-XI filiform but stout in males (Fig. 4A), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.6: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.8; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 2.5: 1.7: 2.1: 2.8: 2.6: 2.9: 2.9: 3.2: 3.2: 3.1: 3.9; stout antennae in males similar in females (Fig. 4B), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.5: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.7: 0.7: 0.8; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 2.7: 1.6: 2.0: 3.0: 3.1: 3.0: 3.1: 3.1: 3.2: 2.9: 4.0. Pronotum 1.5-1.6  × wider than long; disc with scarce, fine punctures at sides, reduced medially, with transverse groove near base, medially abbreviated, laterally connected with short longitudinal groove on basal margin; lateral margins slightly rounded, widest behind apices; apical margin slightly concave and basal margin slightly convex. Elytra 1.4  × longer than wide; disc with confused, dense, fine punctures; with one small tubercle behind scutellum; with one distinct longitudinal ridge from humeral calli, parallel with lateral margin, abbreviated subapically; with one additional ridge also from humeral calli, distinct, directed medially; lateral margins moderately rounded, widest at apical third, apices divergent. Aedeagus (Fig. 4C-E) extremely slender, 6.4  × longer than wide; widest at apical 1/6, gradually narrowed toward base, moderately narrowed at apical 1/6, apex widely rounded, slightly and medially depressed; strongly, apically curved in lateral view; tectum wide, longitudinal, apex recurved; no endophallic sclerites. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V in males with distinct median lobe (Fig. 4H) narrow, apical margin slightly recurved, with long median internal ridge at middle of basal margin, from base to middle; basal margin normal. Gonocoxae (Fig. 4G) longitudinal and connected basally, with narrow furrow between gonocoxae; each gonocoxa narrowed subapically, apex narrowly rounded, with eight long apical setae; base weakly sclerotized and narrow. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 4F) in females with apex weakly sclerotized, small, apical margin slightly irregular; with dense short apical setae; spiculum extremely elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 4I) swollen, not separated from pump; pump long and curved, with apical process curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct extremely short, separated from receptaculum.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This new species is similar to  J. bipartita Chen &amp; Jiang, 1986 from China (Shaanxi and Fujian) with reddish brown body and black head and prothorax. It differs in having black antenna with the three apical antennomeres reddish brown, and dark brown fore and middle legs.</p><p>Host plant and biology.</p><p>Unknown, but one adult was collected by sweeping flowers.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new species name is dedicated to Mr. Jung-Chan Chen (陳榮章), the first person to collect type specimens.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>South Taiwan including Pingtung and Taitung counties.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98411A08CF7755CF991ADC4D795AF174	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lee, Chi-Feng	Lee, Chi-Feng (2022): The genus Japonitata Strand (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) in Taiwan: a redefinition of the genus and descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1125: 171-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703
1D5C9391D54354E3AEC335ED77810772.text	1D5C9391D54354E3AEC335ED77810772.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonitata Strand 1935	<div><p>Japonitata Strand, 1935</p><p>Japonia Weise, 1922: 70 (Type species:  Phyllobrotica nigrita Jacoby, 1885).</p><p>Japonitata Strand, 1935: 294 (replacement name for  Japonia Weise, 1922 nec Gould, 1859).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Japonitata can be separated from  Paraplotes by the presence of posteriorly open anterior coxal cavities (closed in  Paraplotes); pronotum longer, 1.5-1.7  × wider than long (pronotum short, 2.4-2.9  × wider than long in  Paraplotes), basal border immarginate (basal border margined in  Paraplotes); disc with lateral depressions (disc with transverse depressions in  Paraplotes); disc of elytra with reduced punctures (disc of elytra with fine or coarse punctures in  Paraplotes), with one more longitudinal ridge in addition to lateral ridge. Other characters proposed by Zhang et al. (2008) are not diagnostic. Antennae are variable among  Paraplotes species. For example, ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI of males of  P. taiwana Chûjô, 1963: 3.2: 1.6: 2.4: 2.8: 2.8: 2.1: 2.3: 2.2: 2.9: 3.1: 4.6; antennomeres VI-VIII much shorter than those of  J. jungchani sp. nov., but much narrower in those of  P. cheni Lee, 2015 (sympatric with  P. taiwana), ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI of males 3.3: 1.6: 3.1: 3.3: 3.5: 3.1: 3.4: 3.7: 3.6: 3.9: 5.0. These characters are not diagnostic for either genus. The rugose or pubescent disc of the elytra occurs in some species of  Paraplotes . Thus, it is not diagnostic. Appendiculate tarsal claws occur in both genera, with no difference between them. Some genitalic characters are diagnostic. Aedeagi of adults of  Japonitata have a well sclerotized, elongate tectum (variable tectum with one pair of apico-lateral sclerites in  Paraplotes), lacking endophallic spicula (with one long median spiculum, and one or two additional pairs of lateral spicula in  Paraplotes); spermathecal receptaculum as wide as pump (spermathecal receptaculum swollen, wider than pump in  Paraplotes).</p><p>Japonitata species are also similar to those of  Shairella with the lateral borders of pronotum marginate but apical and basal borders unmargined. However,  Japonitata differs from  Shairella by the posteriorly open anterior coxal cavities (closed in  Shairella); robust antennae, antennomeres IV-X less than 3.5  × longer than wide (antenna slender, antennomeres IV-X more than 3.5  × longer than wide in  Shairella), with distinct lateral ridges and an additional longitudinal, distinct ridge on each elytron (with weak lateral ridge and no additional distinct ridge on each elytron in  Shairella). Aedeagi of adults of  Japonitata have a well sclerotized, elongate tectum (membranous tectum in  Shairella); lack endophallic spicula (with one slender median speculum in  Shairella); spermathecal receptaculum short, wider than pump (spermathecal receptaculum long, as wide as pump in  Shairella). Diagnostic characters of  Japonitata,  Paraplotes, and  Shairella can be summarized as follows (Table 1).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Japonitata quadricostata Kimoto, 1996 and  J. caerulea Kimoto, 1996 are transferred to  Shairella since both species fit the redefinition of the genus. They are characterized by normal elytra. Shortened elytra and reduced hindwings occur in all other species of  Shairella; however, reduced hindwings also occur in some populations of  S. quadricostata .</p><p>Included species.</p><p>More than 30 species are distributed in Oriental and Palaearctic regions (Nie et al. 2017) but their taxonomic status should be re-evaluated since two species are transferred to  Shairella, and others may also require transfer.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D5C9391D54354E3AEC335ED77810772	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lee, Chi-Feng	Lee, Chi-Feng (2022): The genus Japonitata Strand (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) in Taiwan: a redefinition of the genus and descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1125: 171-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703
D34CA58658B85404B16127C89FDB02A0.text	D34CA58658B85404B16127C89FDB02A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Shairella caerulea (Kimoto 1996) Lee 2022	<div><p>Shairella caerulea (Kimoto, 1996) comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 9, 10</p><p>Japonitata caerulea Kimoto, 1996: 33 (Taiwan).</p><p>Type examined.</p><p>Holotype ♂ (SEHU) (Fig. 9A-C): "Pilu (碧綠), Hualien / Taiwan / 10.VII.1983 / H. Takizawa [p, w] // HOLOTYPE [p, r] //  Japonitata /  Japonitata caerulea / Kimoto, n. sp. [h] / Det. S. Kimoto, 19[p]95[h, w] // Euliroetis [h] / Det. H. Takizawa [p, w] // 0000000172 / Sys. Ent / Hokkaido Univ. / Japan [SEHU] [p, w]".</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>Hualien:   1♀ (NMNS),  Hualuhsi (華祿溪), 1300 m, 28.VII.-25.IX.2011, leg. W.-T. Yang &amp; K.-W. Huang ;   1♀ (NMNS),  Biyu Sacred Tree (碧綠神木), 2150 m, 1.VI.-28.VII.2011, leg. W.-T. Yang &amp; K.-W. Huang ;   1♂ (NMNS), same but with  “28.VII.-5.IX.2011”;   1♂, 1♀ (NMNS), same but with  “28.V.-24.VII.2012”;   2♂ (NMNS), same but with  “24.VII.-10.IX.2012”; Kaohsiung :   1♀ (TARI),  Chungchihkuan (中之關), 1930 m, 10.VI.2015, leg. T.-H. Lee ;   Nantou:   1♂ (TARI),  Tunyuan (屯原), 1900 m, 21.VI.2019, leg. B.-X. Guo. All   specimens from  Hualien were collected using Malaise traps  .</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Length 6.8-6.9 mm, width 3.7-3.9 mm. General color (Fig. 9D-F) black to blackish brown; abdomen yellow; elytra bluish black. Antennomeres II-XI filiform in males (Fig. 10A), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.3: 0.9: 1.0: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 0.9: 0.9: 0.8: 1.0; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 3.0: 1.4: 2.9: 3.6: 3.9: 4.2: 4.3: 4.2: 4.6: 4.3: 6.1; more slender in females (Fig. 10B), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.9: 1.0: 1.0: 1.0: 1.0: 0.9: 0.9: 0.8: 0.9; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 3.0: 1.6: 3.4: 3.9: 4.3: 4.6: 4.8: 5.5: 6.1: 5.3: 6.1. Pronotum 2.2 times wider than long; disc with scarce fine punctures at sides, reduced medially, with transverse groove near base, medially abbreviated, laterally connected with short longitudinal groove on basal margin; lateral margins slightly rounded, widest behind apices; apical margin slightly concave and basal margin slightly convex. Elytra 1.4  × longer than wide; disc with confused, dense, fine punctures; with one small tubercle behind scutellum, with one deep depression behind tubercle; with one indistinct longitudinal ridge from humeral calli, parallel with lateral margin, abbreviated subapically; with one additional, deep depression at middle, above longitudinal ridge; lateral margins moderately rounded, widest at apical third, apices divergent. Aedeagus (Fig. 10C, D) wide, 4.4  × longer than wide; lateral margins straight, widest at apex, gradually narrowed towards base; apex with deep notch; moderately curved in lateral view; tectum membranous; one endophallic sclerite longitudinal and slender, 0.7  × as long as aedeagus, base shallowly bifurcate, lateral margins with clustered short setae at apical third; with short membranous area near apex. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V in males with distinct median lobe (Fig. 10G), narrow, apical margin slightly recurved, with median internal ridge from apex to base, with narrow furrow between gonocoxae; basal margin expanding posteriorly. Gonocoxae (Fig. 10F) longitudinal and connected basally; each gonocoxa narrowed subapically, apex truncate, with eight long apical setae; base weakly sclerotized but strongly sclerotized medially. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 10E) in females with apex weakly sclerotized, small, depressed medially; with dense short apical setae; spiculum extremely elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 10H, I) slender, as wide as pump, not separated from pump; pump long and curved, apex slightly swollen, dorso-ventrally bifurcate; sclerotized spermathecal duct short, not separated from receptaculum.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Shairella caerulea (Kimoto, 1996), comb. nov. and  S. quadricostata (Kimoto, 1996), comb. nov. are characterized by having normal elytra and functional hindwings (shortened elytra and reduced hindwings in other species; Lee and Beenen 2017) although some populations of  S. quadricostata have variably reduced hindwings.  Shairella caerulea is distinguished easily from  S. quadricostata by its bluish black elytra without longitudinal ridges other than the lateral ridge (Fig. 9) (black elytra with three pairs of weak longitudinal ridges in  S. quadricostata; Fig. 5); median internal ridge of abdominal ventrite in males expending from apex into base (Fig. 10G) (median internal ridge of abdominal ventrite V in males expanding from apex, abbreviated before base in  S. quadricostata; Fig. 6K); bifurcate apex of aedeagus (Fig. 10C) (apically narrowed apex of aedeagus in  S. quadricostata; Fig. 6C); apex of spermatheca swollen, bifurcate in frontal view (Fig. 10H, I) (apex of spermatheca rounded with small process in  S. quadricostata; Fig. 6H-J).</p><p>Host plant and biology.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>All specimens deposited at the National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung were collected using Malaise traps. Many flightless, nocturnal galerucines have been collected in Malaise traps, including  Taiwanoshaira chujoi (Kimoto, 1982) (Lee and Beenen 2020),  Paraplotes taiwana Chûjô, 1963 (Lee 2015), and  Lochmaea lesagei Kimoto, 1996 (Lee 2019). Moreover, two specimens were collected during the night by Ta-Hsiang Lee (李大翔) and Bo-Xin Guo (郭泊鑫), respectively; they are members of TCRT. These events suggest that adults of  Shairella caerulea are nocturnal.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This species is probably widespread in Taiwan although few specimens are available for study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D34CA58658B85404B16127C89FDB02A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lee, Chi-Feng	Lee, Chi-Feng (2022): The genus Japonitata Strand (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) in Taiwan: a redefinition of the genus and descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1125: 171-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703
82C415DFB2AD5548B1D30A8B6AAE60E4.text	82C415DFB2AD5548B1D30A8B6AAE60E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Shairella quadricostata (Kimoto 1996) Lee 2022	<div><p>Shairella quadricostata (Kimoto, 1996) comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 5, 6, 7, 8</p><p>Japonitata quadricostata Kimoto, 1996: 34 (Taiwan).</p><p>Type examined.</p><p>Holotype ♀ (OMNH) (Fig. 5A-C): "FUNCHIIHU (奮起湖) / TAIWAN / 28.VII.1974 / Y. KIYOYAMA [p, y] // HOLOTYPE [p, r] /  Japonitata /  Japonitata quadricostata / Kimoto, n. sp. [h] / Det. S. Kimoto, 19 [p, w] // PHOTO [p, r]".</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>Chiayi:   28♂, 11♀ (TARI),  Erhwanping (二萬坪), 2000 m, near Alishan (阿里山), 9.VII.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee &amp; T.-H. Lee ;   1♂ (TARI),  Alishan (阿里山), 17.VIII.2014, leg. B.-X. Guo ;   Ilan:   1♂ (TARI),  Chiuchihtse (鳩之澤), 520 m, 2.V.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou ;   1♂ (TARI),  Eboshiyama (= Tulishan  獨立山), 1900 m, 17-21.V.1933, leg. M. Chujo ;   Kaohsiung:   1♂, 1♀ (TARI),  Tengchih (藤枝), 1600 m, 24.VIII.2017, leg. B.-X. Guo ; 1♂ (TARI), same but with  “4.IX.2017”; 1♀ (TARI), same but with  “15.IX.2019”;  3♂ (TARI), same locality, 11.V.2022, leg. Y.-T. Chung;   Nantou:   2♀ (TARI),  Fenghuangshan (鳳凰山), 1700 m, near Hsitou (溪頭), 12.VIII.2010, leg. Y.-T. Wang ;   1♂ (TARI),  Hsitou (溪頭), 1000 m, 14.VI.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee ;  4♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.VII.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same but with  “9.VIII.2011”; Pingtung:   1♂ (TARI),  Peitawushan (北大武山), New Trailhead (新登山口), 1200 m, 28.IX.2017, leg. Y.-T. Chung ; 1♂ (TARI), same but with  “10.V.2022”;   1♂ (TARI),  Shuangliu (雙流), 500 m, 6.V.2000, leg. H.-T. Shih ;   Taichung:   1♀ (TARI),  Fengyuan (豐原), 280 m, 22.V.2019, leg. C.-T. Hsu ;   1♂ (TARI),  Henglingshan (橫嶺山), Trailhead (登山口), 1200 m, 10.X.2020, leg. Y.-C. Hsu ;   Taipei:   1♂ (TARI),  Manyuehyuan (滿月圓), 300 m, 7.VI.2010, leg. C.-L. Chiang ;   1♀ (TARI),  Wulai (烏來), 150 m, 24.V.2007, leg. H.-J. Chen ;   1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality (=  Hsinhsien 信賢), 3.V.2014, leg. M.-H. Tsou.</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Length 6.1-7.7 mm, width 3.1-4.4 mm. General color (Fig. 5D-F) black to dark brown; abdomen yellow to dark brown; five apical antennomeres variably paler. Antennomeres II-XI filiform in males (Fig. 6A), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.3: 0.7: 0.9: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.9; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 2.8: 1.6: 2.8: 3.8: 4.0: 4.2: 4.5: 4.9: 4.9: 4.8: 6.3; more slender in females (Fig. 6B), ratios of lengths of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.3: 0.6: 0.9: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I-XI 3.4: 1.6: 2.9: 4.1: 4.1: 4.9: 5.2: 5.5: 6.1: 6.0: 6.5. Pronotum 1.8-2.0 times wider than long; disc with scarce fine punctures at sides, reduced medially, with transverse groove near base, medially abbreviated, laterally connected with short longitudinal groove on basal margin; lateral margins slightly rounded, widest behind apices; apical margin slightly concave and basal margin slightly convex. Elytra narrower, 1.3-1.4 times longer than wide; disc with confused, sparse, reduced punctures; with one small tubercle behind scutellum; with one longitudinal ridge behind tubercle, indistinct, close to suture; with one additional longitudinal ridge outside tubercle, indistinct; with one additional distinct ridge from humeral calli, parallel with lateral margin, abbreviated subapically; another additional ridge also from humeral calli, indistinct, directed medially; lateral margins moderately rounded, widest at apical third, apices convergent. Aedeagus (Fig. 6C, D) slender, 5.9  × longer than wide; lateral margins straight, widest at apical 1/10, gradually narrowed toward basal 1/3; strongly narrowed subapically, apex acute; moderately curved in lateral view; tectum membranous; one endophallic sclerite longitudinally oriented and slender, 0.6  × as long as aedeagus, base deeply bifurcate, lateral margins with clustered short setae at apical 1/3. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V in males with distinct median lobe (Fig. 6K), narrow, apical margin slightly recurved, with median internal ridge from apex to middle; basal margin normal. Gonocoxae (Fig. 6G) longitudinal and connected basally, with wide furrow between gonocoxae; each gonocoxa narrowed subapically, apex truncate, with eight long apical setae; base weakly sclerotized. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 6E) in females with apex weakly sclerotized, dense short apical setae, reduced medially; spiculum extremely elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 6H) slender, as wide as pump, not separated from pump; pump long and curved, with one short, apical process; sclerotized spermathecal duct short, not separated from receptaculum.</p><p>Variations.</p><p>Some distinct variation occurs in female genitalic characters among different populations. Pumps of spermathecae are larger in those of Wulai (烏來) (Fig. 6I); much slender and lacking apical process in those of Erhwanping (二萬坪) (Fig. 6J). Apices of ventrite VIII are wider and setae not reduced medially in those of Wulai (烏來). Hindwings are normal in northern and central Taiwan and low-elevations of southern Taiwan (Fig. 7A), but they are reduced in different degrees between different populations of mid-elevations of southern Taiwan. Degree of reduction of hind wings is similar between individuals of both sexes of the same populations. Those in Tengchih (藤枝) are less reduced, ~ 57% with normal hind wings (Fig. 7B). Those in Hsito (溪頭) are reduced moderately, ~ 50% with normal hind wings (Fig. 7D). Those in Peitawushan (北大武山) have the same length of hind wings as those in Hsito but wider (Fig. 7E). Those in Erhwanping (二萬坪) are reduced strongly, ~ 40% with normal hind wings (Fig. 7C).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Adults of  Shairella quadricostata (Kimoto, 1996), comb. nov. and  S. caerulea (Kimoto, 1996), comb. nov. are characterized by normal elytra and functional hindwings (shortened elytra and reduced hindwings in other  Shairella; Lee and Beenen 2017) although individuals in some populations of  S. quadricostata have more or less reduced hindwings.  Shairella quadricostata is distinguished from  S. caerulea by possessing black elytra with three pairs of weak longitudinal ridges (Fig. 5A-F) (bluish black elytra without longitudinal ridges besides lateral ridge in  S. caerulea; Fig. 9); median internal ridge of abdominal ventrite V in males expanded from apex, abbreviated before base (Fig. 6K) (median internal ridge of abdominal ventrite in males expanded from apex to base in  S. caerulea; Fig. 10G); apically narrowed apex of aedeagus (Fig. 6C) (bifurcate apex of aedeagus in  S. caerulea; Fig. 10C); apex of spermatheca rounded with or without small process (Fig. 6H-J) (apex of spermatheca swollen, bifurcate in frontal view in  S. caerulea; Fig. 10H, I).</p><p>Host plant.</p><p>Hemiboea bicornuta (Hayata) Ohwi ( Gesneriaceae).</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Adults of  Shairella quadricostata were observed active at night and feeding on leaves of  Hemiboea bicornuta . However, adults were hard to find with the exception of a single event. Three adults were collected on 11 May 2022 in Tengchih (藤枝) (Fig. 5G). We collected 39 adults on 9 July 2014 in Erhwanping (二萬坪). Many host plants were growing on a steep slope and numerous adults were feeding on leaves (Fig. 5H).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The flighted populations are widespread in low-elevations of Taiwan and mid-elevations of northern and central Taiwan, and flightless populations are restricted to mid-elevations of southern Taiwan (Fig. 8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/82C415DFB2AD5548B1D30A8B6AAE60E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lee, Chi-Feng	Lee, Chi-Feng (2022): The genus Japonitata Strand (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) in Taiwan: a redefinition of the genus and descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1125: 171-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1125.93703
