taxonID	type	description	language	source
CD1C923EFB12FFDCFF66A3C1FA6BFE0C.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — JAPAN. Nagasaki, Thunberg s. n., as “ Jacobaea japonica ” (lectotype designated here: UPS-THUNB 19669!).	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
CD1C923EFB12FFDCFF66A3C1FA6BFE0C.taxon	discussion	Notes: — When treating Senecio japonicus as a combination based on Arnica japonica L. f. (Wijnands 1990: 12), Wijnands (1990: 7) designated UPS-THUNB 19669 as the lectotype of A. japonica. This, however, should not be considered as an effective lectotypification for S. japonicus itself. The lectotypification for S. japonicus is designated here. Kleinia japonica is generally accepted as a combination published by Lessing (1831: 134) based on Senecio japonicus Thunb. However, Lessing (1831) only suggested S. japonicus being a member of Kleinia and did not make a formal combination. According to Art. 35.2 of ICN (Turland et al. 2018), Kleinia japonica is not validly published.	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
CD1C923EFB10FFDCFF66A598FEF0F98C.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — JAPAN. Thunberg s. n. (lectotype designated here: LINN-HS 1322.1!).	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
CD1C923EFB10FFDCFF66A598FEF0F98C.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — JAPAN. Thunberg s. n. (lectotype first-step designated by Wijnands (1990: 7): UPS-THUNB 19996!; second-step designated here: the right three parts of UPS-THUNB 19996!).	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
CD1C923EFB10FFDCFF66A598FEF0F98C.taxon	discussion	Notes: — The authorship of Ligularia japonica has generally been ascribed to “ Less. ” or “ (Thunb.) Less. ” However, as already pointed out by Dress (1962), Lessing (1832) did not make a formal combination, although he suggested that Arnica japonica Thunb. should be transferred to Ligularia. Ligularia japonica was thus not validly published by Lessing (1832). Following Lessing (1832), Candolle (1838: 316) proposed the combination Ligularia japonica, although he clearly mentioned that he did not know the species well (“ non satis nota ”). Candolle (1838: 316) included both Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. as synonyms. This made L. japonica a combination based on Linnaeus fil. ’ s name, which had priority. Erythrochaete palmatifida Sieb. & Zucc. has generally been accepted as the earliest legitimate name for Arnica japonica Thunb. (e. g., Dress 1962; Wijnands 1990), and Senecio palmatifidus and Ligularia palmatifida are considered as combinations based on E. palmatifida. However, Doronicum japonicum Lamarck (1786), which has long been overlooked, is actually an earlier replacement name for A. japonica Thunb. This makes Erythrochaete palmatifida a superfluous name, because the epithet of D. japonicum should have been adopted in Erythrochaete. However, S. palmatifidus and L. palmatifida are still legitimate, because, in Senecio and Ligularia, the epithet of D. japonicum has been preoccupied by S. japonicus Thunb. and L. japonica (L. f.) DC., respectively. Senecio palmatifidus thus should be treated as a replacement name for D. japonicum in Senecio, and L. palmatifida is a combination based on S. palmatifidus. The lectotype of Arnica japonica Thunb., UPS-THUNB 19996, is mixed. The leftmost part has a peltate leaf, indicating that it is a member of Syneilesis. The right three parts belong to Ligularia japonica and are here designated as the lectotype.	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
CD1C923EFB10FFDCFF66A218FB43F7B0.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — JAPAN. Thunberg s. n. (lectotype designated here: UPS-THUNB 20005).	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
CD1C923EFB10FFDCFF66A218FB43F7B0.taxon	discussion	Notes: — When publishing Arnica palmata, Murray (1784) included A. japonica as a synonym, making A. palmata a superfluous name. Several replacement names have been proposed for A. palmata, but the earliest one, Doronicum palmatum Lamarck (1786: 314), has generally been overlooked. Syneilesis palmata and Cacalia palmata should be treated as the combinations based on D. palmatum. The legitimacy of Doronicum palmatum itself is also worth of some notes. When proposing D. palmatum, Lamarck (1786) also mentioned A. japonica L. f. in the discussion. However, he clearly expressed his doubt about the identity of A. japonica L. f., suggesting that he had no intention to include A. japonica L. f. as a synonym. Doronicum palmatum is thus a legitimate replacement name for A. palmata (Art. 52.2 note 1; Turland et al. 2018).	en	Li, Cheng-Sheng, Wu, Hai-Song, Fei, Wen-Qun, Ren, Chen (2022): Clarification of the taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion about Arnica japonica L. f. and A. japonica Thunb. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). Phytotaxa 570 (2): 217-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.7
