identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
30A5F4546FBA5E47ACDC0CB2FDF4F907.text	30A5F4546FBA5E47ACDC0CB2FDF4F907.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parglogenia cobourgensis Köhler & Shea 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parglogenia cobourgensis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p>AUSTRALIA · 1 preserved specimen; Northern Territory, Cobourg Peninsula, 3.4 km NE of Black Point Ranger Station; 11°08'27.6"S, 132°10'12.0"E; vine thicket; leg. Vince Kessner, 4 Feb 2007; AM C.594396 (Fig. 2A).</p>
            <p>Paratypes.</p>
            <p>AUSTRALIA · 1 preserved specimen; same data as holotype; AM C460965. 2 preserved specimens; Northern Territory, Cobourg Peninsula, Black Point nr barge landing; 11°9'18"S, 132°8'44"E; leg. Vince Kessner, 2 Feb 2007; AM C.460961.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p>Australia, Northern Territory, Cobourg Peninsula, 3.4 km NE of Black Point Ranger Station (11°08'27.6"S, 132°10'12.0"E).</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>For Cobourg Peninsula, where this species occurs.</p>
            <p>Additional, non-type material.</p>
            <p>AUSTRALIA · 1 dry shell; Northern Territory, Port Essington; 11°16'S, 132°9'E; leg. 1900; AM C.64926.</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Shell (Fig. 2A). Moderately large (D = 24.4-29.9 mm, H = 19.2-23.1 mm; n = 7), globose-conical with low domed spire, comprising 5 to 5.5 rounded whorls, moderately to rapidly increasing in diameter, separated by moderately to strongly incised suture. Teleoconch with microsculpture of widely to moderately spaced rounded pustules, in juveniles with short periostracal setae that are only retained along suture lines in adult specimens. Protoconch with microsculpture of elongate pustules arranged in oblique spirals. Umbilicus narrowly open. Outer lip moderately developed, outwardly reflected, without sulcus behind outer lip. Shell colour light brown, outer lip pale pinkish to white (Fig. 2A; based on 2 specimens).</p>
            <p>Reproductive anatomy (Fig. 3C-F). Bursa copulatrix about a quarter to half of length of oviduct, with slightly enlarged to broad head, base broad above uterus junction becoming inflated and then narrowing before spermathecal head. Epiphallus broad and bulb-like or narrowing at apex, length equivalent to about one fifth to one tenth of length of penis; retractor muscle attached to apex of epiphallus; vas deferens attached at apex of epiphallus, next to penial retractor; with small bi-lobed caecum at about one quarter of its length. Penis straight to slightly kinked to bent above terminal end, cylindrical, about as long to twice as long as vagina. Penial walls very thick and muscular. Inner penial wall sculpture comprising lattice work of filaments below epiphallus, giving rise to longitudinal rows of interconnected thread-like filaments to corrugated pilasters toward genital pore; with one or two narrow, wrinkled longitudinal pilasters forming at around mid penis. Penial sheath absent (Fig. 3C-F; based on 2 specimens).</p>
            <p> Head wart oval to trunk-shaped, about 2  × 3 to 3  × 5 mm in size (Fig. 3B); mantle roof typically camaenid (Fig. 3A). </p>
            <p>Comparative remarks.</p>
            <p> Shell effectively indistinguishable from  Parglogenia pelodes . Fewer shells of  P. cobourgensis were available for examination. These completely overlapped in size range with  P. pelodes occupying a smaller size range overall. This species differs from  P. pelodes most conspicuously in having a completely different penial wall sculpture (  P. pelodes has longitudinal corrugated ridges) and by having much shorter penis, epiphallus, vagina, and bursa copulatrix. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> The distribution of  Parglogenia cobourgensis is difficult to delineate due to the paucity of suitable material. Here, the known distribution of  P. cobourgensis is restricted to the Cobourg Peninsula and coastal parts of west Arnhem Land excluding Croker Island (see below). Denser sampling is required to delimitate the distributions of  P. pelodes and  P. cobourgensis more accurately and to clarify the taxonomic status of the Croker Island population. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/30A5F4546FBA5E47ACDC0CB2FDF4F907	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koehler, Frank;Shea, Michael	Koehler, Frank, Shea, Michael (2022): A new cryptic species of land snail from the Northern Territory, Australia (Stylommatophora, Camaenidae, Parglogenia). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 427-433, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851
6388783E4206533A924FD602636938A9.text	6388783E4206533A924FD602636938A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parglogenia Iredale 1938	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parglogenia Iredale, 1938</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Helix pelodes Pfeiffer, 1846, by original designation. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6388783E4206533A924FD602636938A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koehler, Frank;Shea, Michael	Koehler, Frank, Shea, Michael (2022): A new cryptic species of land snail from the Northern Territory, Australia (Stylommatophora, Camaenidae, Parglogenia). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 427-433, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851
BEAB224A3FAE57139E364A2F6570ABDD.text	BEAB224A3FAE57139E364A2F6570ABDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parglogenia pelodes (Pfeiffer 1846)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parglogenia pelodes (Pfeiffer, 1846)</p>
            <p> Helix pelodes Pfeiffer, 1846: 126 ('north coast of  Australia’ ). Neotype FMNH 182450, Darwin, Dudley Point (12°24'S, 130°49'E), designated by  Köhler (2012). </p>
            <p> Helix prunum - Pfeiffer 1851 [in 1849-1853]: 54, pl. 74, figs 11-13; Reeve 1852 [in 1851-1854]: pl. 68, fig. 353; Cox 1868: 43, pl. 4, fig. 6 (not  Helix prunum Férussac , 1821). </p>
            <p> Chloritis pseudoprunum Pilsbry, 1893: 271 ('Port  Darwin’ ; Holotype ANSP 62411). </p>
            <p> Parglogenia pelodes - Iredale 1938: 99; Solem 1979: 128-133, fig. 32, pls 11a, b. </p>
            <p>Taxonomic remarks.</p>
            <p> Since its original description, the name  Helix pelodes has been shrouded in uncertainty until relatively recently. Pfeiffer (1851 [in 1849-1853]), subsequently treated  H. pelodes as a junior synonym of  Helix prunum Férussac , 1821. Subsequently, Pilsbry (1890: 135) agreed with this synonymy, but accepted  H. prunum as an eastern Australian species with uncertain systematic relationships. Based on this presumption, he considered that all previous authors had misapplied the name  H. prunum for an unnamed species from Arnhem Land, for which Pilsbry (1893) introduced the new name  Chloritis pseudoprunum . By contrast, Iredale (1938) and Solem (1979) considered that the supposed synonymy of  H. pelodes with  H. prunum was in error. While  H. prunum continues to be a taxonomic enigma to this date (  Köhler 2012),  Helix pelodes was removed from its synonymy and treated as an accepted species, for which Iredale (1938) described the genus  Parglogenia . This treatment rendered  C. pseudoprunum a junior synonym of  P. pelodes . Iredale (1938) included a second species in this genus,  P. subgranosa (Le Guillou, 1842).  Köhler (2012) rejected this treatment, arguing that the type of  Helix subgranosa represented a juvenile shell of  Xanthomelon durvillii (Hombron &amp; Jacquinot, 1841). However,  Köhler (2012) maintained  H. subgranosa as a nomen inquirendum. To remove the remaining ambiguity,  Helix subgranosa is herewith placed in the synonymy of  X. durvillii . </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Shell relatively large (D = 14.3-31.5 mm, H = 10.8-20.3 mm; n = 92), with strongly and almost evenly elevated spire, comprising between 4.5 and 5.8 whorls. Apical sculpture of anastomosing ridges initially, becoming pustulated after first half whorl. Postapical whorls with microsculpture of very small, rather widely spaced setae and extremely fine ridgelets with weak radial ribs appearing on spire and body whorl. Umbilicus very narrow, partly covered by reflected lip, internally with crowded pustules. Body whorl globose, rounded, only slightly descending behind strongly reflected, thin, white lip. Shell light yellow brown, uniform. Vagina and penis very long, atrium short, bursa copulatrix very short, without enlarged head. Free oviduct with glandular, convoluted walls. Vas deferens with bifurcated caecum on ascending arm and entering the epiphallus near insertion of penial retractor muscle without differentiation. A narrow, raised ridge separates the epiphallus from the penis; inner penial walls with longitudinal corrugated ridges; no penial sheath, verge, or epiphallic appendages present (Solem 1979;  Köhler 2012). </p>
            <p>Comparative remarks.</p>
            <p> Solem (1979) provided a detailed description of the shell and reproductive anatomy of this species based on examination of specimens from near Darwin. He remarked that the periostracal setae in  P. pelodes were similar to those in  Semotrachia ,  Austrochloritis and "  Chloritis argilacea " (presently  Parachloritis argilacea ; see  Köhler and Kessner 2014), but that the genital anatomy of  Parglogenia was highly distinctive.  Köhler (2012) illustrated the reproductive anatomy of a specimen of  P. pelodes from Melville Island, which closely resembled that of specimens from Darwin. Shells of  P. pelodes , including the holotype of  Chloritis pseudoprunum , have been figured by  Köhler (2012). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BEAB224A3FAE57139E364A2F6570ABDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koehler, Frank;Shea, Michael	Koehler, Frank, Shea, Michael (2022): A new cryptic species of land snail from the Northern Territory, Australia (Stylommatophora, Camaenidae, Parglogenia). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 427-433, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851
15BB78B054A75B3EA21648A36AB7CA1D.text	15BB78B054A75B3EA21648A36AB7CA1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parglogenia sp. nov. ‘ Croker Island’	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Parglogenia sp. nov. 'Croker 
Island'</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  AUSTRALIA · 1 preserved specimen, 4 dried shells; Northern Territory, Croker Island, near airstrip; 11°10'0"S, 132°29'6"E; leg. 28 Mar 1980; AM C.121141 (Fig. 2B). 1 dried shell;  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.55/lat -11.116667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-11.116667">Croker Island</a>
                 ; 11°7'S, 132°33'E; leg. 28 Mar 1980; AM C.582514  . 
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            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Shell (Fig. 2B). Moderately large (D = 27.6-34.2 mm, H = 21.5-24.8 mm; n = 5), globose-conical with low domed spire, comprising 5 to 5.5 rounded whorls, moderately to rapidly increasing in diameter, separated by moderately to strongly incised suture. Teleoconch with microsculpture of widely to moderately spaced rounded pustules, in juveniles with short periostracal setae that are only retained along suture lines in adult specimens. Protoconch with microsculpture of elongate pustules arranged in oblique spirals. Umbilicus narrowly open. Outer lip moderately developed, outwardly reflected, without sulcus behind outer lip. Shell colour light brown, out lip pale pinkish to white (Fig. 2B).</p>
            <p>Reproductive anatomy (Fig. 3G, H). Bursa copulatrix about a quarter to half of length of oviduct, with broad head, base broad above uterus junction, narrowing before spermathecal head. Epiphallus broad, narrowing at apex, length equivalent to about one fifth to one tenth of length of penis; retractor muscle attached to apex of epiphallus; vas deferens attached at apex of epiphallus, next to penial retractor; with small bi-lobed caecum at about one quarter of its length. Penis slightly kinked to bent above terminal end, cylindrical, about as long to twice as long as vagina. Penial walls very thick and muscular. Inner penial wall sculpture comprising lattice work of filaments below epiphallus, giving rise to longitudinal rows of interconnected thread-like filaments to corrugated pilasters toward genital pore; with one or two narrow, wrinkled longitudinal pilasters forming at around mid penis. Penial sheath absent (Fig. 3G, H).</p>
            <p>Comparative remarks.</p>
            <p> Shell effectively indistinguishable from  P. pelodes and  P. cobourgensis . The few available specimens are at the larger end of the size distribution in this genus, but this might be a sampling artifact. Differs from  P. pelodes most conspicuously in having a completely different penial wall sculpture that resembles  P. cobourgensis . From  P. cobourgensis , the Croker Island specimen differs in having a shorter bursa copulatrix, a broad spermathecal head, and a slightly longer epiphallus (one fifth of penis vs. one sixth to one tenth of penis length), inner penial wall has several longitudinal pilasters instead of only two. </p>
            <p>Just a single historical specimen was available for dissection and not suitable for DNA extraction. For the paucity of suitable material, we refrain from a formal description of the Croker Island species.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Presumably endemic to Croker Island.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/15BB78B054A75B3EA21648A36AB7CA1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Koehler, Frank;Shea, Michael	Koehler, Frank, Shea, Michael (2022): A new cryptic species of land snail from the Northern Territory, Australia (Stylommatophora, Camaenidae, Parglogenia). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 427-433, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.93851
