identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
72DCADF6ADD0518392D61CC1C8C8F0B3.text	72DCADF6ADD0518392D61CC1C8C8F0B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona (Deuterepipona) Bluethgen 1951	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  
Pseudepipona Deuterepipona 
Bluethgen
, 1951
</p>
            <p> Deuterepipona Blüthgen , 1951: 194. Type species:  Odynerus ionius de Saussure, 1855, by original designation. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Male mandible without a notch between the basal and preapical teeth; pronotal carina usually forming obtuse or rounded angle laterally.</p>
            <p>Species included.</p>
            <p> Pseudepipona ankarensis Giordani Soika, 1970 (Turkey),  P. herzi (Morawitz, 1895) (Israel, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China),  P. inexspectata (  Blüthgen , 1955) (Italy),  P. ionia (de Saussure, 1855) (Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria),  P. kostylevi Fateryga, sp. nov. (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan),  P. nikolayi Fateryga, sp. nov. (Kazakhstan),  P. niveopicta Giordani Soika, 1970 (Russia, Turkey),  P. popovi Fateryga, sp. nov. (Turkmenistan),  P. priesneri Gusenleitner, 1970 (Saudi Arabia, Iran),  P. pseudominuta Gusenleitner, 1971 (Turkey, Israel),  P. superba (Morawitz, 1867) (Russia,?Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan), and  P. vladimiri Fateryga, sp. nov. (Kazakhstan). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Pseudepipona priesneri and  P. pseudominuta are transferred to the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona from the nominotypical one (see below). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/72DCADF6ADD0518392D61CC1C8C8F0B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
5688E17F1115536B8210F5901DAA7D6D.text	5688E17F1115536B8210F5901DAA7D6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona de Saussure 1856	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Pseudepipona de Saussure, 1856</p>
            <p> Pseudepipona de Saussure, 1856: 309; type species:  Odynerus herrichii de Saussure, 1856, by monotypy. </p>
            <p> Leptepipona Blüthgen , 1951: 194; type species:  Vespa tripunctata Fabricius, 1787, by original designation; synonymized by van der Vecht and Fischer 1972: 82-83. </p>
            <p> Metepipona Blüthgen , 1951: 193; type species:  Odynerus peculiaris Morawitz, 1895, by original designation; synonymized by van der Vecht and Fischer 1972: 82-83. </p>
            <p> Trichepipona Blüthgen , 1951: 193; type species:  Odynerus lativentris de Saussure, 1855, by original designation; synonymized by van der Vecht and Fischer 1972: 82-83. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Female clypeus with a narrow apical margin; labial palpus with four segments; male antenna hooked apically; female vertex with a single fovea; anterior face of the pronotum without distinct foveae; pretegular carina present; tegula broad, without deep large punctures, protruding posteriorly adjoining the parategula but not surpassing it; second submarginal cell of the forewing with acute basal angle; axillary fossa relatively broad, not slit-like; propodeum with a transverse carina between the dorsal and posterior surfaces; propodeal valvula mono-lamellate; propodeal orifice broadly rounded dorsally; T1 not petiolate, somewhat narrower than T2, without a transverse carina; both T1 and T2 without an apical lamella.</p>
            <p>Subgenera and species included.</p>
            <p> Twelve species are currently recognized in the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona Blüthgen , 1951 and 30 species in the subgenus  Pseudepipona Pseudepipona s. str. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5688E17F1115536B8210F5901DAA7D6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
68B9F676DDA054E28163F88EF6020312.text	68B9F676DDA054E28163F88EF6020312.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona herzi (Morawitz 1895)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona herzi (Morawitz, 1895)</p>
            <p>Figs 1A-H, 2A-F, 3A, F</p>
            <p> Odynerus herzi Morawitz, 1895: 471-473, ♀ ♂; type locality "Transcaspia: Sumbar" [Turkmenistan]. </p>
            <p> Pseudepipona herzi herzi : van der Vecht &amp; Fischer, 1972: 87. </p>
            <p> Odynerus kozlovi ?  Odynerus kozlovi Kostylev, 1937: 222, ♀ ♂; type locality: in Russian  “Уургин-худук” [Uurgin-khuduk] and in French "Mongolie, Alachan" [China: Inner Mongolia]. </p>
            <p> Pseudepipona herzi kozlovi : van der Vecht &amp; Fischer, 1972: 87. </p>
            <p> Deuterepipona herzi enslini ?  Deuterepipona herzi enslini Blüthgen , 1955: 28-29, ♂; type locality:  “Jericho” [Israel]. </p>
            <p> Pseudepipona herzi enslini : van der Vecht &amp; Fischer, 1972: 86. </p>
            <p>Lectotype (designated here).</p>
            <p> Turkmenistan:  “Sumbar” , 1 ♀, leg. O. Herz [ZISP] (Fig. 1A-D). </p>
            <p>Paralectotype.</p>
            <p> Turkmenistan:  “Sumbar” , 1 ♂, leg. O. Herz [ZISP] (Fig. 1E-H). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Israel, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China (van der Vecht and Fischer 1972; Kurzenko 1977; Oehlke 2012).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> This species is very variable in coloration. Females from Southern Kazakhstan (Fig. 2A, B) differ from the typical form (Fig. 1A, B, D) by the absence of the spot on the dorsal mesepisternum and a completely black clypeus while females from Southeastern Kazakhstan (Fig. 2C, D) differ from the typical form by a completely yellow clypeus. Females from Eastern Kazakhstan (  P. herzi kozlovi , Fig. 2E, F) differ from all other forms by an orange-yellow pattern instead of a pure yellow. No differences were found in the male genitalia between specimens from Turkmenistan and Southern Kazakhstan while males of the form from Eastern Kazakhstan were not examined, nor were males of  P. herzi enslini . Both subspecies are probably conspecific with  P. herzi but need further study. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/68B9F676DDA054E28163F88EF6020312	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
4BE7D6FF71D9574DB2901CB4B9C489DA.text	4BE7D6FF71D9574DB2901CB4B9C489DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona kostylevi Fateryga 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona kostylevi Fateryga sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 3B, G, 4A-H</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> Turkmenistan:  “Туркмения ,  Ахчакуйма , NW  Казанджика” [Akhcha-Kuyma, NW Gazandjyk (currently Bereket)], 3.VI.1976, 1 ♀, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV] (Fig. 4A-D). </p>
            <p>Paratypes.</p>
            <p> Turkmenistan:  “Туркмения ,  Ахчакуйма , NW  Казанджика” [Akhcha-Kuyma, NW Gazandjyk (currently Bereket)], 2.VI.1976, 1 ♀, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV]; ibid., 3.VI.1976, 1 ♀, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [ZISP];  “Туркмения ,  Ахча-Куйма , 30  км СЗ Казанджика” [Akhcha-Kuyma, 30 km NW Gazandjyk (currently Bereket)], 1.VI.1985, 1 ♀ (specimen without metasoma), leg. A.S. Lelej [FSCV]. Uzbekistan:  “Узбекистан ,  окр .  Бухары” [vicinity of Bukhara], 25.V.1972, 3 ♀ (one specimen without left wings), leg. V.L. Kazenas [FSCV];  “Узбекистан , 53  км зап .  Бухары” [53 km W Bukhara], 22.V.1973, 1 ♀, leg. V.L. Kazenas [FSCV]. Kazakhstan: Kyzylorda Province:  “Казахстан , 10  км ЮЗ Чардары” [10 km SW Shardara], 19.V.1979, 1 ♀ (specimen without metasoma), leg. V.L. Kazenas [FSCV]; "120  км N  Кзыл-Орды .  оз .  Карамолла” [120 km N Kyzylorda, Kara-Molla Lake], 23.V.1973, 2 ♂ (one specimen without metasoma), leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV] (Fig. 4E-H). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The new species can be easily recognized among other representatives of the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona by completely transparent wings, coarse punctures on clypeus, a shallow apical emargination of the clypeus in the male, a small F11 in the male, a saddle-shaped ventral lobe of the male aedeagus, and a whitish pattern (see Key). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Female. Body length (from head to apical margin of tergum 2) 6.5-7.0 mm; fore wing length 6.0 mm.</p>
            <p> Head about 1.1  × as wide as long in frontal view. Clypeus as wide as long; its apical emargination very shallow, about 0.2  × as deep as wide, taking 1/4 of clypeal width, apical teeth blunt. Cephalic fovea shallow but well developed, as broad as distance between lateral ocelli; distance between lateral ocellus and occiput 1.1  × as distance between lateral ocelli. Pronotal carina well developed, forming blunt angle at anterolateral corner of pronotum. Epicnemial carina developed. Scutellum and metanotum convex. Propodeum with distinct carina between shelf and concavity, carina forming rectangularly rounded projection in lateral view. Propodeal valvula mono-lamellate, evenly rounded. T1 1.8  × as wide as long in dorsal view, bluntly roundly angled in lateral view. T2 evenly convex in lateral view. S2 in lateral view rather flattened, roundly elevated at base, in ventral view with distinct longitudinal furrow at base. </p>
            <p>Clypeus with coarse dense punctures, interstices approximately equal to puncture diameter, shining. Frons and vertex with punctures coarser than those on clypeus, interstices usually less than puncture diameter; punctures on gena slightly smaller and sparser. Pronotum dorsally with punctures similar to those on vertex; lateral part of pronotum with denser and smaller punctures and dull interstices with distinct microsculpture. Sculpture on scutum coarser than that on dorsal surface of pronotum, interstices usually less than puncture diameter. Tegula nearly smooth, with few minute punctures. Punctures on mesepisternum, scutellum, and metanotum similar in size to those on dorsal surface of pronotum, interstices usually approximately equal to puncture diameter except whitish parts where they exceed puncture diameter. Mesepimeron with coarse punctures forming longitudinal rows. Metapleuron dull, weakly longitudinally rugose. Dorsal and dorsolateral surfaces of propodeum with shallow irregular, indistinct but coarse punctures similar in size to those on metanotum. Lateral surface of propodeum longitudinally rugose, more distinctly than metapleuron, without punctures. Propodeal concavity transversally rugose. T1 and T2 with dense coarse punctures similar to those on frons and vertex, interstices usually less than puncture diameter except apical bands where punctures are smaller. T3-T5 with sparser and smaller punctures. T6 mostly with microsculpture only. Sculpture of S1 similar to that of lateral part of T1. Basal part of S2 before transverse furrow dull, with microsculpture only. Sculpture of distal part of S2 after transverse furrow and S3-S6 as that of corresponding terga but interstices larger and microsculpture more distinct.</p>
            <p>Setation weakly developed. Frons, vertex, dorsal surface of pronotum, scutum, and tarsi with sparse setae less in length than diameter of scapus at base. Posterior margin of gena with very short setae equal in length to puncture diameter on gena. Most other parts of body bare or with very minute setae.</p>
            <p>Basal color black. The following parts whitish: spot on frons between antennal sockets, anterior and lower faces of scapus, small band along inner margin of eye from clypeus to ocular sinus, small spot on gena, large lateral spots on dorsal surface of pronotum, spot on dorsal mesepisternum, tegula and parategula, bands on scutellum and metanotum, lateral spots on propodeum, front leg from middle of femur onwards, middle leg from apex of femur onwards, hind leg from tibia onwards, apical bands on T1 and T2 enlarged laterally, apical bands on T3-T4, spot on T6, apical band on S2, apical spots laterally on S3. Ventral side of flagellum ferruginous. Wings transparent, without infuscation.</p>
            <p>Male. Body length (from head to apical margin of T2) 5.5 mm; fore wing length 5.0 mm.</p>
            <p>Structure as in female but clypeus with apical emargination taking about 1/3 of clypeal width. F11 rather acute, straight, and small, narrowing towards apex, hardly reaching apical margin of F8. Cuspis without the dorsal process typical of some species in the nominotypical subgenus (see Fateryga 2022). Aedeagus as in Fig. 3B, G, median expansion comparatively narrow, ventral lobe in lateral view saddle-shaped, with distinctly emarginated ventral side.</p>
            <p>Sculpture similar to that in female but punctures on clypeus shallower. T6 and S6 punctate similarly to previous segments. T7 and S7+8 mostly with microsculpture only.</p>
            <p>Setae as in female.</p>
            <p>Coloration mostly as in female but mandible, labrum, and clypeus whitish-yellow, spot on frons and band along inner margin of eye larger, entire scapus and ventral side of pedicel whitish-yellow, all legs whitish-yellow from femur; whitish spots on dorsal mesepisternum and propodeum reduced. Entire F10 and F11 ferruginous. T7 and S7+8 black.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The new species is named after the Soviet entomologist Georg Kostylev, also known as Yuriy A. Kostylev (1889-1942), in recognition of his great contribution to the systematics of Central Asian  Vespidae . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan (Kyzylorda Province).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BE7D6FF71D9574DB2901CB4B9C489DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
CA226C01164F50D7B4E06CD7D868D3C3.text	CA226C01164F50D7B4E06CD7D868D3C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona nikolayi Fateryga 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona nikolayi Fateryga sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 5A-E</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> Kazakhstan. Karaganda Province:  “Бетпак-Дала ,  ср .  теч .  р .  Сары-Су” [Betpak-Dala, middle reaches of Sary-Su River], 19.V.1973, 1 ♀, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV] (Fig. 5A-E). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The new species can be easily recognized among other representatives of the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona by an obsolete epicnemial carina, the transverse carina of the propodeum indistinct at center, the absence of a longitudinal furrow at the base of S2, a fine punctation of the clypeus with a distinct microsculpture, and an orange pattern (see Key). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Female. Body length (from head to apical margin of tergum 2) 6.0 mm; fore wing length 5.5 mm.</p>
            <p> Head about 1.1  × as wide as long in frontal view. Clypeus about 1.1  × as wide as long in frontal view, its apical margin nearly truncated, taking nearly 1/3 of clypeal width, apical teeth blunt. Cephalic fovea shallow and weakly developed, less broad than distance between lateral ocelli; distance between lateral ocellus and occiput nearly 1.3  × as distance between lateral ocelli. Pronotal carina forming small blunt angle at anterolateral corner of pronotum. Epicnemial carina obsolete. Scutellum and metanotum convex. Propodeum with carina between shelf and concavity indistinct at center; laterally this carina forming acute projection. Propodeal valvula mono-lamellate, rounded apically. T1 2.0  × as wide as long in dorsal view, rather evenly rounded in lateral view. T2 evenly convex in lateral view. S2 in lateral view convex, evenly rounded, in ventral view without longitudinal furrow at base. </p>
            <p>Clypeus dull, with small and sparse shallow punctures, interstices significantly exceeding puncture diameter, with microsculpture. Frons and vertex with deep dense punctures, interstices reaching puncture diameter; punctures on gena slightly smaller and sparser. Pronotum dorsally with punctures similar to those on gena; lateral part of pronotum with sparse shallow punctures and dull interstices with distinct microsculpture. Sculpture on scutum coarser than that on dorsal surface of pronotum, similar to that on frons and vertex or somewhat sparser, interstices with evident micropunctures. Tegula nearly smooth, with few minute punctures. Dorsal mesepisternum dull, sparsely punctate and longitudinally rugose. Ventral mesepisternum, scutellum, and metanotum with sparse punctures; interstices shining, reaching several puncture diameters. Mesepimeron, metapleuron, and lateral surface of propodeum longitudinally rugose, dull. Dorsal and dorsolateral surfaces of propodeum and propodeal concavity dull, indistinctly transversally rugose. T1-T5 with sparse small punctures similar to those on clypeus but much deeper, interstices reaching several puncture diameters, with distinct microsculpture. T6 mostly with microsculpture only. S1 with dense coarse punctures, interstices less than puncture diameter. Basal part of S2 before transverse furrow dull, with microsculpture only. Sculpture of distal part of S2 after transverse furrow and S3-S6 mostly as that of corresponding terga.</p>
            <p>Frons and vertex with somewhat hooked or wavy setae reaching in length diameter of scapus at apex. Dorsal surface of pronotum, propleuron, and legs with shorter and mostly straight setae. Posterior margin of gena with very short setae reaching in length diameter of first labial palpomere at base. Most other parts of body bare or with very minute setae.</p>
            <p>Basal color black. The following parts orange: clypeus, spot on frons between antennal sockets, anterior and lower faces of scapus, small spot on gena, most part of pronotum, spot on dorsal mesepisternum, tegula and parategula, bands on scutellum and metanotum, small lateral spots on propodeum, legs from middle of femur onwards, apical bands on T1 and T2 enlarged laterally, apical band on T3, apical spot at center of T4 and T5, apical spots laterally on S2. Mandible and ventral side of pedicel and flagellum ferruginous. Wings strongly fuscous.</p>
            <p>Male. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The new species is named after the Soviet and Russian entomologist Nikolay V. Kurzenko, the collector of the holotype, in recognition of his great contribution to the systematics of the eumenine wasps of the USSR; this species was recognized by him but not described.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Kazakhstan (Karaganda Province).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA226C01164F50D7B4E06CD7D868D3C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
F24EB572185755D7B84E298DD2EA6121.text	F24EB572185755D7B84E298DD2EA6121.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona popovi Fateryga 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona popovi Fateryga sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 3C, H, 6A-H</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> Turkmenistan:  “Туркмения ,  Бадхызский запов .  Кызыл-жар” [Badhyz Nature Reserve, Kyzyl-Zhar], 16.V.1976, 1 ♀, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV] (Fig. 6A-D). </p>
            <p>Paratypes.</p>
            <p> Turkmenistan:  “Туркмения ,  Бадхызский запов .  Кызыл-жар” [Badhyz Nature Reserve, Kyzyl-Zhar], 16.V.1976, 1 ♂, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV] (Fig. 6E-H); ibid., 17.V.1976, 2 ♀, leg. N.V. Kurzenko [FSCV, ZISP]. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The new species can be easily recognized among other representatives of the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona by the pronotal carina rounded laterally, a nearly indistinct cephalic fovea in the female, a robust F11 in the male, and a triangle-shaped ventral lobe of the male aedeagus (see Key). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Female. Body length (from head to apical margin of tergum 2) 6.0-7.0 mm; fore wing length 5.5-6.0 mm.</p>
            <p> Head about 1.1  × as wide as long in frontal view. Clypeus as wide as long; its apical emargination shallow, about 0.2  × as deep as wide, taking 1/4 of clypeal width, apical teeth blunt. Cephalic fovea nearly indistinct; distance between lateral ocellus and occiput 1.2  × as distance between lateral ocelli. Pronotal carina weakly developed, pronotum rounded at anterolateral corner. Epicnemial carina developed. Scutellum convex, slightly impressed at center; metanotum convex. Propodeum with distinct carina between shelf and concavity, carina forming rectangularly rounded projection in lateral view. Propodeal valvula mono-lamellate, evenly rounded. T1 2.0  × as wide as long in dorsal view, bluntly roundly angled in lateral view. T2 evenly convex in lateral view. S2 in lateral view rather flattened, roundly elevated at base, in ventral view with weakly developed longitudinal furrow at base. </p>
            <p>Clypeus with sparse fine punctures, interstices exceeding puncture diameter, shining. Frons and vertex with punctures much denser and coarser than those on clypeus, interstices reaching puncture diameter; punctures on gena slightly smaller and sparser. Pronotum dorsally with punctures similar to those on gena; lateral part of pronotum rather longitudinally wrinkled, with interstices dull due to microsculpture. Sculpture on scutum coarser than that on frons and vertex, interstices reaching puncture diameter; punctures sometimes form longitudinal rows, especially posteriorly. Tegula nearly smooth, with few minute punctures. Punctures on mesepisternum similar in size and density to those on scutum. Punctures on scutellum similar in size to those on dorsal surface of pronotum but interstices larger, reach several puncture diameters, shining; metanotum with similar punctures in proximal half and nearly smooth distally. Mesepimeron with coarse punctures similar in size to those on mesepisternum but interstices narrower, sharp. Metapleuron longitudinally rugose, with microsculpture but slightly shining. Dorsal and dorsolateral surfaces of propodeum with shallow irregular, indistinct but coarse punctures. Lateral surface of propodeum longitudinally rugose, dull. Propodeal concavity transversally rugose. T1 and T2 with deep sparse punctures, larger on black parts and smaller on pale yellow parts, interstices reaching several puncture diameter, with distinct microsculpture. T3-T5 with somewhat sparser and smaller punctures. T6 mostly with microsculpture only. Sculpture of S1 similar to that of lateral part of T1. Basal part of S2 before transverse furrow dull, with microsculpture only. Sculpture of distal part of S2 after transverse furrow similar to that of T2 but interstices larger and more shining. Sculpture of S3-S6 as that of corresponding terga but interstices larger and microsculpture more distinct.</p>
            <p>Frons and vertex with sparse pale setae equal in length to diameter of scapus at apex. Mesosoma dorsally with setae equal in length to approximately 2/3 of those on frons. Posterior margin of gena, tarsi, S1 and S2 with setae approximately two times shorter than those on dorsal mesosoma. Most other parts of body bare or with very short appressed setae.</p>
            <p>Basal color black. The following parts pale yellow: distal part of clypeus (but clypeus entirely black in one specimen), spot on frons between antennal sockets, anterior and lower faces of scapus, small band along inner margins of eye from clypeus to ocular sinus, small spot on gena, most part of dorsal surface of pronotum, spot on dorsal mesepisternum, tegula and sometimes parategula (black in two specimens), bands on scutellum and metanotum, spot on dorsolateral surface of propodeum, front leg from middle of femur onwards, middle leg from apex of femur onwards, hind leg from tibia onwards, apical band on T1 enlarged laterally, apical bands on T2-T4, spot on T6, apical bands on S1-S4, apical spot on S5. Ventral side of pedicel and flagellum ferruginous. Wings slightly but evidently fuscous, particularly in marginal cell.</p>
            <p>Male. Body length (from head to apical margin of T2) 6.0 mm; fore wing length 5.5 mm.</p>
            <p> Structure as in female but clypeus 1.2  × as wide as long, with apical emargination 0.3  × as deep as wide, taking distinctly more than 1/4 of clypeal width. F11 robust, slightly curved, and rather long, slightly narrowing towards apex, fully reaching apical margin of F8. Cuspis without the dorsal process typical of some species in the nominotypical subgenus (see Fateryga 2022). Aedeagus as in Fig. 6C, H, median expansion broad, ventral lobe in lateral view triangle-shaped, gradually narrowing towards apex. </p>
            <p>Sculpture similar to that in female but punctures on clypeus finer and sparser. T6 and S6 punctate similarly to previous segments. T7 and S7+8 mostly with microsculpture only.</p>
            <p>Setae as in female.</p>
            <p>Coloration mostly as in female but mandible, labrum, clypeus, entire scapus and ventral side of pedicel pale yellow, spot on frons and band along inner margin of eye larger, all legs pale yellow from femur; spots on dorsal mesepisternum and propodeum reduced. Entire F10 and F11 ferruginous. T7 with pale yellow spot, S7+8 black.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The new species is named after the Soviet entomologist Vladimir B. Popov (1902-1960), a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, in recognition of his great contribution to the knowledge of Central Asian  Hymenoptera . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Turkmenistan.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F24EB572185755D7B84E298DD2EA6121	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
A5717F5DFA775B5B876B00313CA4E146.text	A5717F5DFA775B5B876B00313CA4E146.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona priesneri Gusenleitner 1970	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona priesneri Gusenleitner, 1970</p>
            <p> Pseudepipona priesneri Gusenleitner in  Blüthgen and Gusenleitner 1970: 5, 10-11, ♀ ♂; type locality: "Jarrahi Ufergebiet, 18 km  nordöstl . Shadegan, Khuzistan" [Iran]. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Saudi Arabia, Iran (  Blüthgen and Gusenleitner 1970). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> This species was described without indication of the subgenus and thus was then placed in the nominotypical one by default. However,  P. priesneri fits the diagnosis of the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona . Particularly, the male mandible is without a notch between the basal and preapical teeth (  Blüthgen and Gusenleitner 1970). Photos of a female and a male paratypes of this species from Iran (Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany) were examined to confirm this. It is also of note that  P. priesneri is very closely related (or may be even conspecific) to  P. herzi ; the differences between them are only in the coloration. Therefore, a further study of the specimens (not photos) is necessary to confirm the taxonomic independence of  P. priesneri . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5717F5DFA775B5B876B00313CA4E146	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
A6B82F071BCE50C3837C3BFC70EB423C.text	A6B82F071BCE50C3837C3BFC70EB423C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona pseudominuta Gusenleitner 1971	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona pseudominuta Gusenleitner, 1971</p>
            <p> Pseudepipona pseudominuta Gusenleitner in Bytinski-Salz and Gusenleitner 1971: 295, ♀; type locality: "Israel, Jericho". </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Turkey, Israel (Gusenleitner 2013).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Pseudepipona pseudominuta was also described without indication of the subgenus and thus was then placed in the nominotypical one by default. However, this species is "very similar to  P. niveopicta " (Bytinski-Salz and Gusenleitner 1971) and the latter taxon has been already transferred to the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona by Fateryga et al. (2017). A female and a male of  P. pseudominuta from Turkey (FSCV) were examined to confirm that it fits the diagnosis of the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona . Particularly, the male mandible is without a notch between the basal and preapical teeth. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6B82F071BCE50C3837C3BFC70EB423C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
43DFB4162030582EA928381D1CF1367A.text	43DFB4162030582EA928381D1CF1367A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona superba (Morawitz 1867)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona superba (Morawitz, 1867)</p>
            <p>Figs 3D, I, 7A-I, 8A-D</p>
            <p> Odynerus superbus Morawitz, 1867: 121-122, ♀ ♂; type locality: "Gouvernement von Saratow" [Russia]. </p>
            <p> Odynerus hyalinipennis André , 1884: 745-746, ♀; type locality:  “Sarepta” [Russia: Volgograd Province]; synonymized by  Blüthgen , 1942: 65. </p>
            <p> Pseudepipona superba :  Blüthgen , 1942: 65. </p>
            <p> Pseudepipona tricolor Gusenleitner, 1976: 115-116, ♀ ♂; type locality: "Daghestan, Cmapomepera" [Russia: Dagestan;  “Cmapomepera” is a misread word  “Staroterechnoye” actually written in Cyrillic as  “Старотеречное” ], syn. nov. </p>
            <p>Lectotype (designated here).</p>
            <p> Russia. Volgograd Province:  “Sarepta” , 1 ♀ [ZISP] (Fig. 7A-D). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Russia,?Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan (  Dvořák and Castro 2007; Gusenleitner 2013; Fateryga et al. 2017). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Examination of the photos of the holotype (Fig. 8A-D) and the paratype of  P. tricolor from the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden revealed no significant differences between this species and  P. superba besides the coloration. Although the lectotype of  P. superba has a reddish clypeus (Fig. 7D), the clypeus of all other specimens examined (including the ones from the type locality) is either entirely black or with basal reddish spots laterally as corresponds to  P. tricolor .  Pseudepipona superba is closely related to  P. herzi and these two species are distributed allopatrically. The differences between them are mainly in the coloration. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/43DFB4162030582EA928381D1CF1367A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
323E1942CA5D510B89D34013AD7FAA54.text	323E1942CA5D510B89D34013AD7FAA54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona vladimiri Fateryga 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudepipona vladimiri Fateryga sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 3E, J, 9A-H</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> Kazakhstan. Karaganda Province:  “Казахстан ,  окр .  г .  Балхаш” [vicinity of Balkhash], 2.VI.1974, 1 ♀, leg. V.L. Kazenas [FSCV] (Fig. 9A-D). </p>
            <p>Paratypes.</p>
            <p> Kazakhstan. Karaganda Province:  “Казахстан ,  окр .  г .  Балхаш” [vicinity of Balkhash], 2.VI.1974, 5 ♂, leg. V.L. Kazenas [4 ♂ FSCV, 1 ♂ ZISP] (Fig. 9E-H). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The new species can be easily recognized among other representatives of the subgenus  Pseudepipona Deuterepipona by the ferruginous coloration of the basal part of the flagellum dorsally, a very extensive yellow pattern of the body, acute apical teeth of the clypeus in the male, a long and slender F11 in the male, and a small ventral lobe of the male aedeagus (see Key). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Female. Body length (from head to apical margin of tergum 2) 6.0 mm; fore wing length 5.5 mm.</p>
            <p> Head about 1.1  × as wide as long in frontal view. Clypeus as wide as long; its apical emargination shallow, about 0.2  × as deep as wide, taking somewhat less than 1/4 of clypeal width, apical teeth rather rectangular. Cephalic fovea shallow and weakly developed, as broad as distance between lateral ocelli; distance between lateral ocellus and occiput 1.4  × as distance between lateral ocelli. Pronotal carina well developed, forming blunt angle at anterolateral corner of pronotum. Epicnemial carina developed. Scutellum and metanotum convex. Propodeum with distinct carina between shelf and concavity, carina forming rectangularly rounded projection in lateral view. Propodeal valvula mono-lamellate, rounded apically. T1 1.5  × as wide as long in dorsal view, bluntly roundly angled in lateral view. T2 evenly convex in lateral view. S2 in lateral view rather flattened, slightly roundly elevated at base, in ventral view with weakly developed longitudinal furrow at base. </p>
            <p>Clypeus with sparse punctures sometimes forming longitudinal rows, interstices exceeding puncture diameter, rather dull. Frons and vertex with punctures coarser than those on clypeus, interstices reaching puncture diameter; punctures on gena slightly smaller and sparser. Pronotum dorsally with punctures similar to those on frons and vertex; lateral part of pronotum with dense indistinct sculpture, dull. Sculpture on scutum coarser than that on dorsal surface of pronotum, interstices usually less than puncture diameter. Tegula nearly smooth, with few minute punctures. Punctures on dorsal mesepisternum, scutellum, and metanotum similar in size to those on dorsal surface of pronotum, interstices usually approximately equal to puncture diameter. Ventral mesepisternum punctate rather similarly to scutum. Mesepimeron with coarse punctures forming longitudinal rows. Metapleuron and lateral portion of propodeum dull, longitudinally rugose. Dorsal and dorsolateral surfaces of propodeum with shallow irregular and coarse reticulate sculpture, interstices much less than puncture diameter. Propodeal concavity transversally rugose. T1 and T2 with dense coarse punctures, interstices reaching puncture diameter, with distinct microsculpture; punctures become smaller and sparser towards apical parts of terga. T3-T5 with sparser and smaller punctures. T6 mostly with microsculpture only. S1 with shallow irregular and coarse reticulate sculpture. Basal part of S2 before transverse furrow dull, with microsculpture only. Sculpture of distal part of S2 after transverse furrow and S3-S6 as that of corresponding terga.</p>
            <p>Setation weakly developed. Frons and posterior margin of gena with sparse setae reaching in length 1/2 diameter of scapus at base. Most other parts of body bare or with very minute setae.</p>
            <p>Black with extensive yellow pattern: clypeus, large spot on frons, entire scapus, band along inner margin of eye from clypeus to ocular sinus, large spot on gena, nearly entire pronotum, large spot on dorsal mesepisternum, spot on ventral mesepisternum, tegula and parategula, nearly entire scutellum and metanotum, lateral spots on propodeum, all legs, nearly entire T1-T6 except basal black areas, entire S1 and S2, nearly entire S3-S6 except basal black areas. Mandible, labrum, ventral side of flagellum, entire pedicel, and entire F1-F3 ferruginous. Wings fuscous, particularly in marginal cell.</p>
            <p>Male. Body length (from head to apical margin of T2) 5.0-6.0 mm; fore wing length 5.0-5.5 mm.</p>
            <p> Structure as in female but clypeus with apical emargination 0.5  × as deep as wide, taking more than 1/4 of clypeal width, apical teeth acute. F11 very slender, slightly curved, and long, narrowing towards apex, reaching middle of F8. Cuspis without the dorsal process typical of some species in the nominotypical subgenus (see Fateryga 2022). Aedeagus as in Fig. 3E, J, median expansion broad, ventral lobe in lateral view trapezoidal and comparatively small. </p>
            <p>Sculpture similar to that in female but punctures on clypeus not forming longitudinal rows. T6 and S6 punctate similarly to previous segments. T7 and S7+8 mostly with microsculpture only.</p>
            <p>Setae as in female.</p>
            <p>Coloration mostly as in female but mandible and labrum yellow. Spot on ventral mesepisternum reduced. Entire F10 and F11 ferruginous but F3 darkened dorsally. T7 mostly yellow; S7+8 black.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The new species is named after the Soviet and Kazakh entomologist Vladimir L. Kazenas, the collector of the type series.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Kazakhstan (Karaganda Province).</p>
            <p>Remarks on two extralimital species</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/323E1942CA5D510B89D34013AD7FAA54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Fateryga, Alexander V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.	Fateryga, Alexander V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. (2022): Contribution to the taxonomy of the Pseudepipona subgenus Deuterepipona Bluethgen, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Central Asia, with the description of four new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 101-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.90092
