identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3670D2AAB38452A4A6D9032C6BF6375E.text	3670D2AAB38452A4A6D9032C6BF6375E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Travisia amoyanus Yang & Wu & Wang & Zhao & Hwang & Cai 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Travisia amoyanus sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 4A-O, 5A-H</p>
            <p> Travisia chinensis Monro, 1934: 374, fig. 8. </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Holotype.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.1865/lat 24.452333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.1865&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.452333">Complete</a>
                 MBM287243: Xiamen, China, 24°27.14'N, 118°11.19'E, 24 July 2021, ethanol  .   Paratypes.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.27167/lat 24.508167)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.508167">One</a>
                 complete (MBM193597), two complete (MBM286089),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.27167/lat 24.508167)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.508167">Xiamen</a>
                 , China, 24°35.04'N, 118°10.09'E, 19 April 1963, formalin.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.27167/lat 24.508167)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.508167">Five</a>
                 complete (MBM286088),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.27167/lat 24.508167)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.508167">Xiamen</a>
                 , China, 24°26.30'N, 118°10.11'E, 2014-2016, formalin.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.27167/lat 24.508167)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.508167">Four</a>
                 complete (MBM286075), Xiamen, China, 24°30.49'N, 118°16.30'E, 2014-2016, formalin. One complete (MBM287244), one complete (MBM287245), one complete (MBM287248), one complete (MBM287249), one complete (MBM287250), same data as the holotype, ethanol one complete (MBM287246), one complete (MBM287247), same data as the holotype, formalin  . 
            </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Prostomium pointed, conical. Body with 34 or 35 segments and 33 or 34 chaetigers. Branchiae cirriform from chaetiger 2 to chaetiger 28-32. Larger triangular lateral parapodia lobes or lappets well developed from chaetiger 15. Pygidium with a larger ventral triangular cirrus and about six lateral cirri around.</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Preserved specimens white to grey, and living specimens reddish (Fig. 4D, F, G). Body length 18.0-45.0 mm (holotype, 30.0 mm) and 2.0-5.6 (holotype, 3.0 mm) width at widest segment. Prostomium conical, distally pointed. Eyes and prostomial processes absent (Fig. 4A-C, H-N). Peristomium with a pair of nuchal organs (Fig. 4A, H, L). Mouth opening between chaetiger 1 and 2 (Fig. 4C, D, M). Body surface with fine papillae except the distal part of prostomium and branchiae (Fig. 4A-E, G-M).</p>
            <p>Branchiae simple, cirriform with 27-31 pairs (holotype: 31 pairs on the left side, 30 pairs on the right side), from chaetigers 2 to chaetigers 28-32. In preserved specimens, branchiae length nearly uniform except for chaetiger 2 and about the last 10 chaetigers.</p>
            <p>Body with 34 or 35 segments and corresponding 33 or 34 chaetigers. All chaetae capillary, with a narrow wing (limbate) at one side (Fig. 5 F).</p>
            <p>Parapodia biramous, without pre- and postchaetal lobes, notopodial and neuropodial chaetal rami well separated except the posterior end. Interramal pores or lateral sense organs between notopodial and neuropiodial chaetal rami from chaetiger 1 to every succeeding segment, except that occasionally hidden or absent on segment 34 or 35.</p>
            <p>Prominent parapodia lateral lappets from chaetiger 15, well developed. Notopodial lobes (lappets) above the bundle of notochaetae. Neuropodial lobes below neurochaetae but missing on last one or two chaetigers. Notopodial and neuropodial lobes triangular except toward the anus, where they become longer and more cylindrical.</p>
            <p>Nephridial pores present on chaetigers 3-14, anterior and posterior pores smaller than middle ones. First chaetiger biannulate, chaetigers 2-19 triannulate ventrally and dorsally, chaetigers 20-27 biannulate, 28-34 (35) segments uniannulate. Posterior margin of the last seven or eight segments with more or less obvious crenulations dorsally. Midventral groove absent, if have, present from last four segments (Fig. 4D).</p>
            <p>Pygidium as long as about last three segments with a larger triangular mid-ventral process and six lobes. Inner anus with many cirriform papillae.</p>
            <p>MG staining pattern.</p>
            <p>The body surface of specimens has a distinctive staining pattern: the posterior part of the first and the third ring of chaetigers 2-14 show significant staining; from chaetigers 15 to the posterior end the body is deeply stained (Fig. 5).</p>
            <p>Variations.</p>
            <p> Morphological comparison of 23 specimens is provided (Suppl. material 1: table S5). Maximum length ranged from 1.8 to 4.5 mm. Branchiae distribution is frequently asymmetrical on both sides of the body, most specimens have a narrow range (N =  ± 1), except MBM286089-spec.3 (28 pairs on left, 31 pairs on right). </p>
            <p>The maximum number of branchiae ranged from 27-31 pairs among individuals (Fig. 6). Eighteen specimens had 34 segments, and five specimens had 35 segments. Fourteen specimens had 34 chaetigers, and nine specimens had 33 chaetigers.</p>
            <p> Body subfusiform in preserved specimens, swollen medially (Fig. 5D, E), while in living specimens, the segments are nearly equal between the prostomium and the anus, usually swollen at the anterior part of the body because of the  worm’s peristalsis (Fig. 5A-C, H-N). </p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p>Coastal waters of Xiamen, China.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific epithet, amoyanus, refers to the type locality of Amoy, the pronunciation of local dialect of Xiamen, a coastal city in Fujian Province, China.</p>
            <p>Biology.</p>
            <p> Travisia amoyanus inhabits sandy sediments from the intertidal to the subtidal (1-2 m depth). It can be strongly malodorous, and the body surface is covered by a viscous mucus tube with sand grains adhering (Fig. 5F). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Travisia amoyanus sp. nov. clearly differs from  T. chinensis in the total number of segments and chaetigers, the beginning of parapodial lappets, and the shape of pygidium. In  T. amoyanus (34 or 35 segments, 33 or 34 chaetigers), parapodial lappets start from chaetiger 15 and the pygidium with a large triangular mid-ventral process, whereas in  T. chinensis (30 segments, 29 chaetigers), neuropodial lappets start from chaetiger 16 and notopodial lappets from chaetiger 19 and the pygidium bears no large triangular mid-ventral lobe. </p>
            <p> Travisia amoyanus sp. nov. resembles several species in having a similar number of segments and chaetigers (35-36), such as  T. concinna (Kinberg, 1866) (35 segments and chaetigers) from South Africa,  T. arborifera (36 chaetigers) from Indian Ocean, and  T. filamentosa (35-36 segments, 35 chaetigers) from California. However,  T. amoyanus sp. nov. can be distinguished from  T. arborifera and  T. filamentosa by having cirriform branchiae, the latter two species have branched branchiae.  Travisia amoyanus sp. nov. differs still from  T. concinna in having 31 (vs 33) pairs of branchiae, and parapodial lappets starting from chaetiger 15 (vs 17 or 18). In addition,  T. amoyanus sp. nov. has 31 pairs of branchiae and parapodial lappets from chaetigers 15, while  T. fusiformis Kudenov, 1975 has 34 pairs of branchiae, notopodial lappets from chaetigers 2 and neuropodial lappets from chaetiger 17. </p>
            <p> Travisia amoyanus sp. nov. is much closer to  T. japonica Fujiwara, 1933 from Japan and  T. gigas Hartman, 1938 from California in the starting segments of parapodial lappets. But, the new species and  T. gigas can be distinguished in the following aspects: (1) 34 or 35 segments and 33 or 34 chaetigers in  T. amoyanus , 46 segments and 46 chaetigers in  T. gigas ; (2) 31 pairs of branchiae in  T. amoyanus , 44 pairs in  T. gigas ; (3) pygidium with a large triangular mid-ventral process and six cylindrical lobes in  T. amoyanus , without triangular mid-ventral process in  T. gigas . </p>
            <p> Travisia japonica is considered to have a wide-ranging body segment count (32-43 segments), and the species has been recorded from a wide range of geographic regions (Dauvin and Bellan 1994). However, Fujiwara (1933) stated explicitly that  T. japonica has a relatively fixed number of segments (39, seldom 40) based on examination of a considerable number of specimens. Therefore, in this comparison, we used the original description data and suggest that records of  T. japonica from non-Japanese areas need to be re-evaluated and might represent potentially undescribed species. </p>
            <p> Travisia amoyanus sp. nov. is distinguishable from  T. japonica by the following characters: the number of segments (34 or 35 in  T. amoyanus vs 39 or 40 in  T. japonica ), the number of chaetigers (33 or 34 in  T. amoyanus vs 39 or 40 in  T. japonica ), the number of branchiae (27-31 pairs in  T. amoyanus vs 25 pairs in  T. japonica ), the distribution of interramal pores (1-33 or 34 chaetigers in  T. amoyanus vs 1-29 chaetigers in  T. japonica ), the number of nephridial pores (12 pairs in  T. amoyanus vs 11 pairs in  T. japonica ). In fact, the difference between these two species also had been noticed by Monro (1934: p374): "  T. japonica Fujiwara is close to  T. chinensis (regarded herein as  T. amoyanus ), but has 39 to 40 chaetigers". </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Currently only found from Xiamen coastal waters.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3670D2AAB38452A4A6D9032C6BF6375E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Deyuan;Wu, Xuwen;Wang, Zhi;Zhao, Xiaoyu;Hwang, Jiangshiou;Cai, Lizhe	Yang, Deyuan, Wu, Xuwen, Wang, Zhi, Zhao, Xiaoyu, Hwang, Jiangshiou, Cai, Lizhe (2022): Redescription of a rarely encountered species Travisa chinensis Grube, 1869 (Annelida, Travisiidae), including a description of a new species of Travisa from Amoy, China. ZooKeys 1128: 1-17, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.90020, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.90020
382E22A6DB965A4A9B03221DE1EDECB9.text	382E22A6DB965A4A9B03221DE1EDECB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Travisia chinensis Grube 1869	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Travisia chinensis Grube, 1869</p>
            <p>Fig. 3A-C</p>
            <p> Travisia chinensis Grube, 1869: 66; China Sea, North-western Pacific. </p>
            <p> Travisia chinensis Augener, 1922: 38-40. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Body with 30 segments and 29 chaetigers. Branchiae cirriform from chaetiger 2, more than 25 pairs. Neuropodial lappet from chaetiger 16, notopodial lappet from chaetiger 19. Annulation pattern of segments: 1-15 triannulate, 16-26 biannulate, 26-30 uniannulate.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p> Holotype. ZMB 0629, Chinese waters ("Chinesische  Gewässer” ), Coll. GRUBE. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Body fusiform. Whitish in alcohol. About 30 mm in length (Fig. 3A). Prostomium twisted, anteriorly pointed (Fig. 3B). The mouth between chaetiger 1 and chaetiger 2 (Fig. 3B). Branchiae cirriform, except one trifid present chaetiger 10 on the right side, more than 25 pairs, start on chaetigers 2 and to at least chaetigers 26 (Fig. 3A). Most branchiae shorter than body width.</p>
            <p>Chaetigers 1-15 without parapodial lappets. Chaetiger 16 with a small neuropodial lappet, below the bundle of neurochaetae on the right side of the body (Fig. 3C). Notopodial lappet above the bundle of notochaetae starting on chaetiger 19. Notopodial and neuropodial lappets well developed from chaetiger 19, but missing on segments 29 and 30 (Fig. 3C). Nephridial pores from chaetigers 3-14, the first four and last four small, the remainder larger (Fig. 3A).</p>
            <p>Neuropodial and notopodial chaetal rami well separated. Chaetae arising directly from body wall, with 29 chaetigers. All chaetae hair-like, smooth and without a fringe. Interramal pores from the first chaetigers segment to almost all segments except the last one segment. Segments 2-15 with three annulations, segments 16-26 with two annulations, last five segments with one annulation (Fig. 3A). Pygidium as long as last three segments, with about 10 indentations.</p>
            <p>Remark.</p>
            <p> The original description of  Travisia chinensis was not detailed. Thus, it was seldom compared with the other  Travisia species. According to the original description,  T. chinensis has one trifid branchia, while most other  Travisia species have cirriform branchiae, except for  T. arborifera Fauvel, 1932 from Indian Ocean and  T. filamentosa León-González , 1998 from California which were reported with strongly branched branchiae. Some researchers accepted that the trifid branchia might make  T. chinensis a distinctive species (  Kükenthal 1887; Fauvel 1932), while according to our observation, the trifid branchia is also present in a specimen of  Travisia cf. pupa from the Yellow Sea (unpublished data), which is supposed to have only cirriform branchiae. Therefore, the presence of one bifid or trifid branchia might actually be an intraspecific variation and should not be regarded as a valid characteristic in distinguishing  Travisia species. </p>
            <p> Travisia chinensis (30 segments, 29 chaetigers) resembles the following six species in have a similar number of segments and chaetigers (29-31):  Travisia amadoi Elías et al., 2003,  Travisia olens Ehlers, 1897,  Travisia araciae Rizzo &amp; Salazar-Vallejo, 2020,  Travisia hobsonae Santos, 1977,  Travisia brevis Moore, 1923, and  Travisia forbesii intermedia Annenkova, 1937. </p>
            <p> Travisia chinensis differs in the start of parapodial lappets (chaetiger 19) from  T. amadoi (chaetiger 12),  T. araciae (chaetiger 13), and  T. hobsonae (chaetiger 1).  Travisia chinensis differs from  T. brevis in the following morphological characters: the number of branchiae (&gt;25 pairs in  T. chinensis vs 22 pairs in  T. brevis ); the shape of the prostomium (conical vs short blunt cone), and segments without parapodial lappets (last four segments vs last two segments). </p>
            <p> Travisia forbesii intermedia and  T. olens are not easily distinguished from  T. chinensis more by lack of information. According to the original description, the former two lack exact data on the position of parapodial lappets, and a re-examination of the types of the two species is needed. </p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p> According to Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014), the type locality was probably the coastal waters of Qingdao. Dauvin and Bellan (1994) also stated that the holotype was from the North-western Pacific. Until now, we have not found any other specimens of  T. chinensis in the seas of China, based on the materials of MBM. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/382E22A6DB965A4A9B03221DE1EDECB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Deyuan;Wu, Xuwen;Wang, Zhi;Zhao, Xiaoyu;Hwang, Jiangshiou;Cai, Lizhe	Yang, Deyuan, Wu, Xuwen, Wang, Zhi, Zhao, Xiaoyu, Hwang, Jiangshiou, Cai, Lizhe (2022): Redescription of a rarely encountered species Travisa chinensis Grube, 1869 (Annelida, Travisiidae), including a description of a new species of Travisa from Amoy, China. ZooKeys 1128: 1-17, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.90020, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.90020
E7ADC42157F459C99E2A10507956CE87.text	E7ADC42157F459C99E2A10507956CE87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Travisia Johnston 1840	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Genus  Travisia Johnston, 1840</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Travisia forbesii Johnston, 1840. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>(based on Rizzo and Salazar-Vallejo 2020). Body subfusiform or grub-like. No obvious ventral or lateral groove. Segments annulated, with integument papillated. Prostomium small, conical or truncate, with no eyes and prostomial processes. Nuchal organs present. Parapodia reduced to two fascicles of capillary chaetae, with no dorsal or ventral cirri. Parapodial lappets or lobes present above and below the fascicles of chaetae in some species. Branchiae present or absent. A series of interramal sensory organs or pores present between dorsal and ventral fascicles of chaetae. Nephridial pores present. Pygidium ovoid or cylindrical.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Three genera (  Dindymenides ,  Kesunis , and  Travisia ) were included in the subfamily  Travisiinae Hartmann-Schröder , 1971, and later  Dindymenides and  Kesunis were synonymized with  Travisia by Dauvin and Bellan (1994). Blake and Maciolek (2020) elevated  Travisiinae Hartmann-Schröder , 1971 to family  Travisiidae , with  Travisia as the only valid genus. However, the synonymization of these three genera by Dauvin and Bellan (1994) was only based on the morphological study and a molecular phylogenetic analysis has yet to have been done. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7ADC42157F459C99E2A10507956CE87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Deyuan;Wu, Xuwen;Wang, Zhi;Zhao, Xiaoyu;Hwang, Jiangshiou;Cai, Lizhe	Yang, Deyuan, Wu, Xuwen, Wang, Zhi, Zhao, Xiaoyu, Hwang, Jiangshiou, Cai, Lizhe (2022): Redescription of a rarely encountered species Travisa chinensis Grube, 1869 (Annelida, Travisiidae), including a description of a new species of Travisa from Amoy, China. ZooKeys 1128: 1-17, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.90020, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.90020
