identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
DD3587FCFFFEFFC2FF07FF203B52F89A.text	DD3587FCFFFEFFC2FF07FF203B52F89A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola Kruger 2015	<div><p>Genus Birketsmithiola Krüger, 2015</p> <p>Birketsmithiola Krüger, 2015, Generic classification of Afrotropical footman moths sensu stricto (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini (partim): 73.</p> <p>Type species: Birketsmithiola transvaalensis Krüger, 2015, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species of the genus are characterised by the yellow costal streak bearing a red or orange strip along the costal margin. The male genitalia of the genus are most reminiscent of the genus Mimelilema Krüger, 2015 (illustrated by Krüger 2015) but distinguished by the more asymmetrical valvae of different lengths and also having (in the B. sanguicosta species group) asymmetrical dorsal costal protrusions, whereas in Mimelilema, only the saccular processes are more or less asymmetrical. Additionally, the vinculum is more elongate and more heavily sclerotised in Birketsmithiola whereas it is only slightly protruding anteriorly beyond the base of the valvae in Mimelilema. Phalli of the two genera are similar due to the asymmetry and the presence of a midventral protrusion but the phallus of Birketsmithiola is medially curved laterad with a ductus ejaculatorius positioned dorsally whereas it is downcurved with a ductus ejaculatorius originating anteriorly in Mimelilema. In the female genitalia, the tapered and sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae is characteristic of the genus whereas in Mimelilema (illustrated by Krüger 2015), it is membranous and, additionally, the greater part of the 7 th sternite is modified forming a horseshoe-shaped sclerotised plate.</p> <p>Re-description. Adults. Medium sized footman moths with forewing length 15.0–21.0 mm. Sexual dimorphism limited: compared to male, female with somewhat broader forewing having slightly more convex costal margin. Head red or orange. Antenna ciliate in both sexes. Prothorax with red patagia. Mesothorax and tegula grey or brownish grey. Metathorax grey or brownish grey with broad red spot medially. Forewing elongate and narrow with costal margin somewhat convex subdistally, uniform brownish grey with deep yellow costal streak bearing red or orange strip along the costal margin. Cilia deep yellow. Hindwing uniform pale ochreous with orange ochreous cilia. Abdomen pale ochreous with distal half tinged with orange ochreous. Male genitalia. Uncus elongate and slender, cylindrical, evenly downcurved medially, distally dilated in certain species, subapically tapered with tiny claw-shaped tip. Tuba analis narrow with thin and weakly sclerotised scaphium. Arms of tegumen weakly sclerotised, dilated posteriorly and fused in posterior quarter. Vinculum shorter than tegumen, heavily sclerotised with Ushaped or almost rectangular saccus. Valvae asymmetrical: right one shorter than left one and with markedly shorter dorsal medial protrusion of costa (in the B. sanguicosta species group). Dorsal part of valva lobular and apically rounded. Costa thin distally and heavily sclerotised proximally and medially, somewhat convex or with triangular dorsal protrusion medially. Sacculi broad (ca. half of valva width) and heavily sclerotised, right one slightly broader than left one. Distal saccular process narrow but robust, evenly upcurved, apically dilated and bearing cluster of short but robust spinules. Juxta with short crest ventrally and robust processes or clusters of serration posteriorly. Phallus shorter than tegumen-vinculum complex, distally dilated with short crest-like midventral protrusion, and medially curved laterad. Vesica shorter than phallus, granulose medially and distally, more or less globular with semiglobular granulose lateral and conical subapical diverticula, and, in certain species, a membranous subbasal diverticulum, short thorn-like medial cornutus and one or two additional tiny cornuti dorso-medially. Female genitalia. Papilla analis trapezoidal with rounded corners, weakly setose. Apophyses elongate and thin, apophysis anterioris somewhat shorter than apophysis posterioris. Postvaginal area weakly sclerotised and rugose. 7 th sternite with gelatinous and medially sclerotised pockets latero-anteriorly. Ostium bursae with membranous margins. Posterior section of ductus bursae tubular, membranous and curved laterad. Anterior section of ductus bursae anteriorly dilated, dorso-ventrally flattened and sclerotised. Posterior section of corpus bursae markedly narrower than anterior one, strongly protruding laterally, and with broad sclerotised plate. Anterior section of corpus bursae globular or elliptical, membranous. Appendix bursae conical, membranous, originating from posterior section of corpus bursae latero-ventrally, and directed laterad.</p> <p>Distribution. Species of the genus are known from eastern and southern Africa.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFEFFC2FF07FF203B52F89A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFDFFC1FF07FC743C70F8E4.text	DD3587FCFFFDFFC1FF07FC743C70F8E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola transvaalensis Kruger 2015	<div><p>Birketsmithiola transvaalensis Krüger, 2015</p> <p>(Figs 1, 2, 17, 18, 29)</p> <p>Birketsmithiola transvaalensis Krüger, 2015, Generic classification of Afrotropical footman moths sensu stricto (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini (partim): 74 (Type locality: “[South Africa, Gauteng]: Pretoria”).</p> <p>Material examined. SOUTH AFRICA: 1 male, Transvaal, Limpopo, l. V / l. VI / [19]42, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-128 (prepared by Volynkin) (ZSM); 1 male, Transvaal, Pretoria / Distant Coll. 1911-383, unique number: NHMUK014173047, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010317204 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); 1 female, Pretoria, 1924, H.H. Curson / Pres. by Imp. Bur. Ent., Brit. Mus. 1925-121, unique number: NHMUK014173048, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010317205 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); ZIMBABWE: 2 males, [Harare] Mashonaland, Salisbury, Feb. 1905, G.A.K. Marshall, 1905-209, unique numbers: NHMUK014172941, NHMUK014173050, gen. prep. Nos.: NHMUK010317207 (prepared by Volynkin), BMNH Arct. 581 (NHMUK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.0–17.0 mm in males and 13.0–17.0 mm in females (Krüger 2015). Birketsmithiola transvaalensis is distinguished from other species in the genus by the orange costal strip, which is orange-red in B. sanguicosta and B. kruegeri sp. n., and red in the other congeners. In the male genital capsule, B. transvaalensis differs from other members of the species group in the apically rounded dorsal costal protrusions (they are pointed in the related species), the more distally dilated distal saccular processes bearing larger spinules, and the heavily sclerotised, semi-cylindrical, distally dilated juxta with a rectangular and smooth ventral side, which bears three apically pointed triangular processes in B. sanguicosta, B. kruegeri sp. n. and B. kingstoni sp. n. The midventral protrusion of the phallus of B. transvaalensis is the largest in the genus. In the vesica of B. transvaalensis, the medial cornutus has a markedly narrower base than in other species in the species group. The detailed comparison of the female copulatory organs of B. transvaalensis and B. kruegeri sp. n. is provided below in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is known from South Africa (Gauteng and Mpumalanga Provinces) (Krüger 2015) and Zimbabwe (Hampson 1901, 1914, as sanguicosta) (Fig. 34).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFDFFC1FF07FC743C70F8E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFDFFC1FF07FD4C3BAEFCC2.text	DD3587FCFFFDFFC1FF07FD4C3BAEFCC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eilema sanguicosta (Hampson 1901)	<div><p>The B. sanguicosta species group</p> <p>Diagnosis. The male genitalia of species of the group are characterised by the strongly convex costa bearing a triangular dorsal protrusion. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is strongly curved laterad.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFDFFC1FF07FD4C3BAEFCC2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFCFFC0FF07FC373CCCF80C.text	DD3587FCFFFCFFC0FF07FC373CCCF80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola kruegeri Volynkin 2022	<div><p>Birketsmithiola kruegeri sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 5–7, 21, 22, 30)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 5, 21): male, [D. R. Congo, Tanganyika Province] “17. 22. | Marungu Plateau, | W. side. | S.W. Tanganyika, | 7000 ft., Feb. 1922. | T. A. Barns. ” / “Joicey | Bequest. | Brit.Mus. | 1934-120.” / QR-code label with unique number: “ NHMUK 014173049 ”, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010317206 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Paratypes: D. R. Congo: 1 female, [Tanganyika Province] 17. 22. Marungu Plateau, W. side., S.W. Tanganyika, 7000 ft., Feb. 1922., T. A. Barns. / Joicey Bequest. Brit.Mus. 1934-120. / 004659 / QR-code label with unique number: NHMUK 014173033 / Arctiidae BMNH (E) slide No. 5696 (NHMUK); UGANDA: 1 male, at light, Feb. 21. 1916. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.75/lat -1.25)">Kigezi</a>, c.6000, far SW corner of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.75/lat -1.25)">Uganda</a>, 29°45′E. 1°15′S. G.D. Hale Carpenter, M.D. / at light, Kigezi, 21.2.16, gen. prep. No.: AV6807 (OUMNH).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 17.0 mm in males and 16.5 mm in female. The new species is externally reminiscent of B. sanguicosta but distinguished by the smaller size. The male genital capsule of B. kruegeri sp. n. differs from B. sanguicosta in the longer dorsal processes of the juxta which are almost equal in length to the ventral one. Additionally, the sacculus of the new species is somewhat broader than in the congener and its distal process is more dilated apically. The phallus of B. kruegeri sp. n. is somewhat dilated distally whereas it is of uniform width in B. sanguicosta. The vesica of the new species is markedly broader than in B. sanguicosta, lacks the subbasal diverticulum but bears one or two small cornuti ventrally (whereas in B. sanguicosta, only a distal cornutus is present). Since the females of the similar B. sanguicosta and B. kingstoni sp. n. are unknown, the copulatory organ of B. kruegeri sp. n. is compared to B. transvaalensis, from which the new species differs in the markedly broader and more heavily sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae, the broader medial constricted section of the corpus bursae, and the shorter and distally narrower appendix bursae. Compared to the species of the B. nyassana species group, the female of the new species has an orange costal strip on the forewing, and the markedly broader and more heavily sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae in the female genitalia.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is known from eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (Tanganyika Province) and south-western Uganda (Fig. 34).</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to the memory of the late Dr Martin Krüger (1963–2019), an outstanding expert in African Geometridae and Lithosiina taxonomy and author of the generic classification of Afrotropical Lithosiini (Krüger 2015). The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFCFFC0FF07FC373CCCF80C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFCFFC0FF07FF683C47FC8D.text	DD3587FCFFFCFFC0FF07FF683C47FC8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola sanguicosta (Hampson 1901)	<div><p>Birketsmithiola sanguicosta (Hampson, 1901)</p> <p>(Figs 3, 4, 19, 20)</p> <p>Ilema sanguicosta Hampson, 1901, The Annals and magazine of natural history, (7) 8 (45): 181 (Type locality: [Kenya, Nakuru County, Elburgon] “ Br. E. Africa, Uganda Ry., mile 478”).</p> <p>Type material examined. Lectotype (hereby designated) (Figs 3, 19): male, “ Mile 478. on | Uganda Rly | B.E. Africa. | 25.XI.1900. | C.S. Betton. | 1901-136.” / “ Ilema | sanguicosta | type ♂. Hmpsn.” / red ring “Type” label / “ Arctiidae | genitalia slide | No. 1550” / QR-code label with unique number “ NHMUK 014172940 ” (NHMUK). Paralectotype (Figs 4, 20): male, “ Mile 478. on | Uganda Rly | B.E. Africa. | 23.XI.1900. | C.S. Betton. | 1901- 136.” / “ Arctiidae | BMNH (E) slide | No. 5695” / QR-code label with unique number “ NHMUK 014173032 ” (NHMUK).</p> <p>Note. The type series of the species contains two males (Hampson 1901). In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the syntype labeled as ‘Type” is hereby designated as the lectotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 19.5–21.0 mm in males. Birketsmithiola sanguicosta is the largest species in the genus. The forewing shape, colouration and the male genitalia structure are most similar to B. kruegeri sp. n., a detailed comparison is provided below under the diagnosis of the latter species.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is known only from its type locality in western Kenya (Nakuru County) (Fig. 34). The record from Zimbabwe (Hampson 1901, 1914) belongs to B. transvaalensis. The records from north-eastern D.R. Congo (Kivu) (Kiriakoff 1965), Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda (Pinhey 1979) most probably belong to other species and require clarification.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFCFFC0FF07FF683C47FC8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FF683D3DFCED.text	DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FF683D3DFCED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola kingstoni Volynkin 2022	<div><p>Birketsmithiola kingstoni sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 8, 23)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 8, 23): “ Malawi: Central Region, | Nyika Plateau, | Chelinda camp. 2330m | S:10°35.295, E:33°48.754′ | 30.iii.2002 | AJ Kingston” / “Slide | AV6786 ♂ | A. Volynkin ” (ANHRT, ex AKW).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.0 mm in the male holotype. Birketsmithiola kingstoni sp. n. is most externally reminiscent of B. bvumba sp. n. from which it differs in the red head (it is orange in the congener), the straighter costal margin of the forewing with a thinner red strip, and the hindwing having a broad area of grey suffusion along the costal margin, which is uniform pale yellow in B. bvumba sp. n. The male genital capsule structure of the new species is similar to B. kruegeri sp. n. but distinguished by the shorter valva (in proportion to the length of the tegumen-uncus complex), and the somewhat longer dorsal costal protrusion of the left valva. The phallus of B. kingstoni sp. n. is somewhat longer than in B. kruegeri sp. n. Compared to B. kruegeri sp. n., the vesica of the new species has a semiglobular subbasal diverticulum (it is absent in the congener), and the slightly larger medial cornutus positioned more laterally.</p> <p>The female is unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. The new species is known only from its type locality in northern Malawi (Fig. 34).</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Mr Anthony J. Kingston, collector of the holotype specimen. The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FF683D3DFCED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FC973E82FBE9.text	DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FC973E82FBE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola nyassana (Strand 1912) Volynkin 2022	<div><p>The B. nyassana species group</p> <p>Diagnosis. In the male genitalia, species of the current group differ from the B. sanguicosta species group in the almost straight costa lacking a dorsal process. The female genitalia of the species group have a ductus bursae only slightly curved laterad.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FC973E82FBE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FB9C3E1BF825.text	DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FB9C3E1BF825.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola smithi Volynkin 2022	<div><p>Birketsmithiola smithi sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 9–11, 24, 25, 31)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 9, 25): male, “ Zambia 1460m | <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.291666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.451667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.291666/lat -12.451667)">Mutinondo Wilderness Area</a>, | Mpika, Northern Prov. | 12°27′06′′S, 31°17′30′′E | 14–17.ii.2019 Actinic Light Trap | Dérozier, V., Mulvaney, L., | Takano, H. Leg. | ANHRT:2019.4” / “ANHRTUK | 00139630” / “Slide | AV6435 ♂ | A. Volynkin ” (ANHRT).</p> <p>Paratypes: ZAMBIA: 2 males, 5 females, same locality and collectors as holotype, unique numbers: ANHRT 00111046–00111049, 00139536, 00139537, 00192205, gen. prep. Nos.: AV6787 (male) and AV6788 (female) (ANHRT); MALAWI: 1 male, Central Region, Lilongwe District, 1560m, Ntchisi Forest Reserve, E034°00.677′ S13°22.073′, 18–19.ii.[20]04, A.J. Kingston [leg.], gen. prep. No.: AV6785 (AKW).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.5–16.0 mm in males and 16.0–18.0 mm in females. Birketsmithiola smithi sp. n. is distinguished from other congeners by its conspicuous red forewing costal strip which is the broadest in the genus. The male genital capsule of the new species differs from other species in the B. nyassana species group by the slenderer uncus, the more elongate valvae, and the apically bilobate and serrulate juxta (it bears an apical dentate crest in the similar species). The phallus of B. smithi sp. n. is more upcurved distally than in the similar congeners and has a markedly larger midventral protrusion. The vesica of the new species is the broadest in the species group and bears a medial cornutus which is absent in B. nakuru sp. n., B. nyassana and B. bvumba sp. n. In the female genitalia, B. smithi sp. n. is distinguished from B. nakuru sp. n. and B. nyassana by the broader anterior section of the ductus bursae, the broader and more heavily sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae, and the longer, elliptical anterior section of the corpus bursae, which is more or less globular in the aforementioned congeners.</p> <p>Distribution. The new species is known from two localities in north-eastern Zambia and central Malawi (Fig. 35).</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Mr. Richard Smith, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, African Natural History Research Trust, who, through organising and undertaking numerous entomological expeditions to Sub-Saharan Africa has enabled the discovery of numerous species new to science. The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFFBFFC7FF07FB9C3E1BF825	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFF9FFC5FF07FF683C82FBA2.text	DD3587FCFFF9FFC5FF07FF683C82FBA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola nakuru Volynkin 2022	<div><p>Birketsmithiola nakuru sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 15, 16, 26, 32)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 15, 26): male, [Kenya] “26.vii.[19]52 | A. Townsend | Nakuru. Bred.| Eilema | sanguicosta.” / “Pres. by | Corydon Mus. | B.M. 1961-696” / QR-code label with unique number “ NHMUK 014173045 ”, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010317202 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Paratype: KENYA: 1 female, A. Townsend, Nakuru, 22.iii.[19]47 / Pres. by Corydon Mus. B.M. 1961-696 / unique number: NHMUK014173046, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010317203 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 16.5 mm in the male holotype and 16.0 mm in the female paratype. The new species is superficially reminiscent of B. smithi sp. n. but distinguished by the more elongate forewing with a more oblique tornus and a thinner red costal strip, and the presence of the brownish grey suffusion on the anterior area of the hindwing. Compared to another vaguely similar species, B. nyassana, B. nakuru sp. n. has a red head (it is orange in the aforementioned congener), a broader yellow costal streak, which is distally dilated, and bearing a broader red strip. The outer forewing margin of the new species is yellow whereas it is grey with only yellow cilia in B. nyassana. The male genital capsule of B. nakuru sp. n. has the thickest uncus and the distally broadest valvae in the species group. Additionally, the apical dentate crest of the juxta of the new species is markedly broader than in B. nyassana and B. bvumba sp. n. The phallus of B. nakuru sp. n. is medially broader and less upcurved than in other members of the species group. Additionally, compared to B. nyassana and B. bvumba sp. n., the midventral process of the phallus of the new species is longer and broader. The vesica structure of B. nakuru sp. n. is reminiscent of B. nyassana and B. bvumba sp. n. but the subapical diverticulum is semiglobular whereas it is conical in the aforementioned congeners. The female genitalia of the new species are most similar to B. nyassana but differ in the markedly narrower anterior sclerotised section of the ductus bursae, the more heavily sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae, and the somewhat shorter and narrower appendix bursae. Additionally, the lateral pockets of the 7 th female sternite of B. nakuru sp. n. are more heavily sclerotised than in B. nyassana.</p> <p>Distribution. The new species is known from south-western Kenya (Fig. 35).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet is homonymic of Nakuru County, Kenya, from where the new species is known. The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFF9FFC5FF07FF683C82FBA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFF9FFCFFF07FB543A56FE2A.text	DD3587FCFFF9FFCFFF07FB543A56FE2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola nyassana (Strand 1912) Volynkin 2022	<div><p>Birketsmithiola nyassana (Strand, 1912), stat. rev.</p> <p>(Figs 13, 14, 27, 33)</p> <p>Eilema sanguicosta var. nyassana Strand, 1912, Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 78 A (7): 180 (Type locality: [S Tanzania, Rungwe District, Tukuyu] “ Nyassa-See, Langenburg ”).</p> <p>Type material examined. Lectotype (hereby designated) (Figs 13, 27): male, [Tanzania], blue label “Nyasa-See | Langenburg | Kamso.B.d.Pyramidenbgs. | 23. 24.II.[18]99 | Fülleborn S.” / grey label “ Nyasa-See | Langenburg | Kamso.B. d.Pyramidenbgs. | 23. 24.II.[18]99 | Fülleborn S. ” / red label “Type” / “ ♂ ” / “ Ilema san- | guicosta | H. var. | nyassana | m. | Strand det. ♂ ”, gen. prep. No.: MfN 385 (prepared by Volynkin) (MfN).</p> <p>Paralectotypes: 3 females, blue label “Nyasa-See | Langenburg | Pyramide u.Umgegend | 23.II.–3.III.[18]99 | Fülleborn S.” / grey label “ Nyasa-See | Langenburg | Pyramide u. Umgegend | 23.II.–3.III.[18]99 | Fülleborn S. ” / red label “Type” / “ ♀ ” / “ Ilema san- | guicosta | H. v. nyas- |sana m. | Strand det. ♀ ”, gen. prep. No.: MfN 386 (prepared by Volynkin) (MfN).</p> <p>Notes. (1) Krüger (2015) considered this taxon as an unavailable name. However, in the original description, Strand (1912) wrote the following: “Da die Art etwas variirend ist und nur im einem Geschlecht (Weibchen) nach einem Unikum beschrieben, so dürfte es warscheinlich sein, dass die angegebenen Unterschiede nicht spezifisch sind. Ich führe daher die Form forlaufig als eine Varietät auf.” (“It is very probable that the indicated differences are not specific, as the species varies slightly and is described from a single sex (female) and only based on one specimen. Therefore I am listing the form provisionally as a variety.”), which is not a statement that the name is infrasubspecific but an explanation of why the author described nyassana as a variety and not a full species. According to ICZN Article 45.6.4 (1999), a name first published before 1961 as a ‘variety’ is subspecific and, thus, available. Since it is clearly morphologically different from B. sanguicosta, the taxon is hereby upgraded to species level. It is also worth mentioning that Strand’s statement that B. sanguicosta was described from a single female is erroneous as in the original description of the species, Hampson (1901) clearly listed two “Type” males, which are currently deposited in the NHMUK collection (see above). (2) The type series of the species contains four specimens. In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the male syntype is hereby designated as lectotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.0 mm in the male lectotype and 16.0 mm in the females. Birketsmithiola nyassana is most morphologically similar to B. bvumba sp. n. and the detailed comparison of the habitus and the male genitalia of these species is provided below in the diagnosis of B. bvumba sp. n. Since the female of B. bvumba sp. n. is unknown, the female genitalia of B. nyassana are compared to B. nakuru sp. n. instead. In B. nyassana, the anterior sclerotised section of the ductus bursae is broader, the posterior section of the corpus bursae is more weakly sclerotised, and the appendix bursae is more elongate than the corresponding structures of B. nakuru sp. n. Females of other species in the genus, namely B. transvaalensis, B. kruegeri sp. n. and B. smithi sp. n. have a markedly broader and more heavily sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae than in B. nyassana.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known only from its type locality in southern Tanzania (Fig. 35).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFF9FFCFFF07FB543A56FE2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
DD3587FCFFF2FFCEFF07FF683D5BFD36.text	DD3587FCFFF2FFCEFF07FF683D5BFD36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Birketsmithiola bvumba Volynkin 2022	<div><p>Birketsmithiola bvumba sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 12, 28)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 12, 28): male, [Zimbabwe] “ Vumba Mts. | Umtali | S. Rhodesia | II–1961 | Nat. Museum, S. R.” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2021- 265♂ | A. Volynkin ” (ZSM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.0 mm in the male holotype. The new species is superficially reminiscent of B. nyassana but distinguished by its smaller size, and the narrower forewing. The male genital capsule of the new species differs from B. nyassana in the markedly shorter valvae with medially broader sacculi, of which the right one is more upcurved than in the congener. Additionally, B. bvumba sp. n. has an evenly narrow uncus whereas it is distally dilated in B. nyassana. The phalli of the two species are similar but that of B. bvumba sp. n. is somewhat more upcurved medially than in B. nyassana. The vesica of the new species is somewhat broader than in the congener, and the subapical diverticulum is more elongate and narrower distally.</p> <p>The female is unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. The new species is known only from its type locality in eastern Zimbabwe (Fig. 35).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet is homonymic of the type locality, Bvumba Mountains. The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD3587FCFFF2FFCEFF07FF683D5BFD36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.	Volynkin, Anton V. (2022): Taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Birketsmithiola Krüger with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (1): 73-86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.1.5
