identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E572771246FF8C0DDA1C4EFEF0F51E.text	03E572771246FF8C0DDA1C4EFEF0F51E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea Wallengren 1863	<div><p>Genus Manulea Wallengren, 1863</p> <p>Manulea Wallengren, 1863, Wiener entomologische Monatschrift, 7: 145.</p> <p>Type species: Lithosia gilveola Ochsenheimer, 1810 (a junior synonym of Phalaena palliatella Scopoli, 1763), by subsequent designation by Moore (1878).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The genus was characterised and compared with Eilema in details by Dubatolov &amp; Zolotuhin (2011). No autapomorphies are recognised, but in the male genitalia, the combination of the following features is characteristic of the genus (Volynkin 2021a; Volynkin &amp; Saldaitis 2021). (1) The vinculum is strongly elongate, with thin and weakly sclerotised arms and broad and membranous intravincular area bearing one or two bunches of androconial piliform scales. (2) The dorsal section of valva is well-developed with rounded apex and thin costa lacking processes. (3) The sacculus is relatively narrow and having an elongate distal process well separated from the dorsal section of the valva. (4) The phallus vesica bears robust cornuti (except the subgenus Churingosia subgen. n. described below).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771246FF8C0DDA1C4EFEF0F51E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771246FF8F0DDA1A7EFE71F5A2.text	03E572771246FF8F0DDA1A7EFE71F5A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Subgenus Churingosia subgen. n.</p> <p>Type species: Ilema nigripes Hampson, 1900.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new subgenus differs superficially from the subgenera Manulea (illustrated by Dubatolov &amp; Zolotuhin (2011) and Witt et al. (2011, as Eilema, partim.)), Nyea Agenjo, 1983 (illustrated by Dubatolov &amp; Zolotuhin (2011) as Agenjoa Dubatolov &amp; Zolotuhin, 2011), and Tortrilema Volynkin, 2021 (illustrated by Volynkin &amp; Saldaitis (2021) and Volynkin (2021)) in the broad forewing with a smoothly convex costal margin. The male genital capsule of the new subgenus is reminiscent of those of Manulea s. str. and Manulea (Tortrilema) but differs in the presence of the transverse lobe in the valva medially (the future characteristic of the subgenus). Additionally, it differs from Manulea s. str. in the shorter vinculum and broader valva (in proportion to the tegumen length), and, compared to Manulea (Tortrilema), it has a distally tapered uncus (it is dilated in Manulea (Tortrilema)). The phallus of Manulea (Churingosia subgen. n.) bears a robust thorn-shaped dorsal carinal process separated from the vesica (the future characteristic of the subgenus) whereas the carinal process is fused with the vesica and proximally thin in Manulea s. str., and absent in Manulea (Tortrilema). In the vesica structure, the new subgenus differs clearly from the other subgenera of Manulea in the lack of cornuti. The female genitalia of the new subgenus are distinguished from the other subgenera in the presence of the gelatinous dorsal subostial pocket corresponding to the robust carinal process of males.</p> <p>Description. External morphology of adults. Forewing length 15.5–20.0 mm in males and 17.5–21.0 mm in females. Sexual dimorphism limited: female slightly larger than male and with somewhat broader forewing.Antenna weakly ciliate in both sexes. Forewing with medially convex costa. Forewing ground colour brown or pale orange. Forewing ornamentation vestigial (M. nigripes species group) or represented by ochreous suffusion on veins (M. chrysophleps species group). Hindwing monotonous pale ochreous (M. chrysophleps species group) or orange (M. nigripes species group, somewhat paler than forewing). Male genitalia. Uncus elongate and slender, laterally flattened, slightly downcurved, apically tapered with tiny claw-like tip. Arms of tegumen strongly dilated posteriorly with fused posterior two-thirds. Vinculum longer than tegumen, with slender but heavily sclerotised arms anteriorly connected by thin concave commissure. Intravincular membrane bearing one broad corema sparsely covered with short piliform scales. Transtillae broadly triangular, fused. Valva broad (length to width ratio from 2.17:1 to 2.42:1), lobular, apically rounded, with short and transverse lobe medially. Sacculus narrow (ca. 1/3 of valva width basally). Distal saccular process robust, short (not reaching valva apex), slightly upcurved, distally tapered and apically pointed. Juxta weakly sclerotised, more or less back-trapezoidal with medial anterior depression. Phallus broad (in proportion to tegumen-vinculum complex width), somewhat dilated distally, with robust, elongate, apically pointed and somewhat upcurved distal carinal process separated from vesica base. Vesica sack-like with diverticula bearing clusters of scobination. Female genitalia. Ovipositor broadly conical. Papilla analis trapezoidal, weakly setose. Apophyses elongate and thin, more or less equal in length. Postvaginal area with dorsal gelatinous pocket. Ductus bursae short (in proportion to ovipositor length), dorso-ventrally flattened, sclerotised posteriorly and membranous anteriorly. Corpus bursae sack-like, membranous with two elongate teardrop-shaped serrulate signa. Appendix bursae club-shaped, positioned postero-laterally on right side, directed laterad.</p> <p>Distribution. North and Northeast India, Nepal, Bhutan, North Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam.</p> <p>Etymology. Churingosia subgen. n. is an aggregate of the two generic names Churinga and Lithosia Fabricius, 1798. The name refers to the vague similarity of the forewing shape of Churingosia species to those of Churinga.</p> <p>Species content of Manulea (Churingosia subgen. n.)</p> <p>The M. (C.) chrysophleps species group</p> <p>- M. (C.) chrysophleps (Hampson, 1895), comb. n.</p> <p>- M. (C.) fardyftera sp. n.</p> <p>- M. (C.) reducta sp. n.</p> <p>The M. (C.) nigripes species group</p> <p>- M. (C.) nigripes (Hampson, 1900), comb. n.</p> <p>- M. (C.) mikrotera sp. n.</p> <p>- M. (C.) mavropoda sp. n.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771246FF8F0DDA1A7EFE71F5A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771245FF8F0DDA1AE2FDFAF73A.text	03E572771245FF8F0DDA1AE2FDFAF73A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lithosia (Churingosia) chrysophleps (Hampson 1895) Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>The M. (Churingosia) chrysophleps species group</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species of the group are characterised by the brown body and forewing colouration with pale ochreous suffusion on veins, and the distally blackish abdomen. In the male genitalia, the transverse medial lobe of the valva is setose, the distal carinal process is dilated basally, and the dorsal diverticulum of the phallus vesica is short and membranous. In the female genitalia, the gelatinous subostial pocket is markedly broader than the ostium bursae, and the posterior two-thirds of the ductus bursae are asymmetrically sclerotised with a longer left side almost reaching the anterior end of the ductus.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771245FF8F0DDA1AE2FDFAF73A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771245FF8E0DDA185BFF54F4FA.text	03E572771245FF8E0DDA185BFF54F4FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) chrysophleps (Hampson 1895) Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Manulea (Churingosia) chrysophleps (Hampson, 1895), comb. n.</p> <p>(Figs 1–4, 17, 18, 27, 28)</p> <p>Lithosia chrysophleps Hampson, 1895, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1895: 294 (Type locality: [SW Bhutan or Kalimpong District of West Bengal State of India] “ Bhután ”).</p> <p>Type material examined. Lectotype (hereby designated) (Fig. 1): female, “ Bhutan. | 95–37. | 20.8.92” / “ Lithosia | chrysophleps. | type ♀. Hmpsn.” / red ring “ Type | H. T.” label / QR-code label with unique number: “ NHMUK010401801 ” (NHMUK).</p> <p>Additional material examined. INDIA: 1 female, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3440–5800’ (H. Stevens) / Rothschild Bequest B. M. 1939-1, unique number: NHMUK010916174, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK010317585 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK); 1 male, Sikkim, Gangtok, 15. VI.[19]38, Exped. Schäfer / Agylla sp. det. F. Daniel 19, gen. prep. No.: MfN-344 (prepared by Volynkin) (MfN); 1 male, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, Bhim Tal, 1500m, 01.VII.1971, de Freina leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-074 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); NEPAL: 5 males, 12 females, Annapurna Himal, 1200m, 1 km N of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=84.416664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 84.416664/lat 28.4)">Syange</a>, 28°24′N 84°25′E, 07. VI.1996, Hreblay &amp; Szaboky leg., gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2021-018, ZSM Arct. 2021-258 (males), Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2021-105 (female) (MWM / ZSM); 1 male, Katmandu, 1910, More / Brit. Mus. 1926-142, unique number: NHMUK010916168 (NHMUK).</p> <p>Notes. (1) In the original description, Hampson (1895) mentioned G. C. Dudgeon as a person who provided the specimen(s). The label of the type specimen contains only the name of the country, Bhutan without exact locality data. In the first part of his ‘Catalogue of the Heterocera of Sikhim and Bhutan’, Dudgeon (1898) provided a map from which it can be concluded that his collectors have penetrated only shallowly into the southwestern part of the country bordering Darjeeling. Additionally, Dudgeon wrote, that “... by reason of the climatic similarity of the adjoining portion of the Darjeeling district, known as the Daling Division, I include the same under the name of Bhutan, of which, previous to 1866, it formed a part.” and “By far the greater proportion of moths recorded from Bhutan in this catalogue have been obtained in the Daling Division of Darjeeling, or as it sometimes called, British Bhutan ”. The territory formerly called Daling Division currently belongs to the Kalimpong District of West Bengal. Based on this sparse information, we can delineate a possible type locality as south-western Bhutan or the Kalimpong District of West Bengal State (Northeast India). (2) The species was described from a single sex (female) but Hampson (1895) did not mention the number of specimens. In order to stabilise the nomenclature we hereby designate the female specimen labelled as “Type” and preserved in the NHMUK collection as lectotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.5–16.5 mm in males and 18.0– 19.5 mm in females. The species is morphologically most similar to M. fardyftera sp. n., the differences are discussed in detail below in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p> <p>Distribution. Nepal (Kishida 1994), North and Northeast India, and Bhutan (Hampson 1895; Smetacek 2008).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771245FF8E0DDA185BFF54F4FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771244FF8B0DDA1A1BFDA3F0C6.text	03E572771244FF8B0DDA1A1BFDA3F0C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) fardyftera Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Manulea (Churingosia) fardyftera sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 5–7, 19, 29)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 5, 19): male, “ NE India | Arunachal Pradesh | near Hunli | 1400m, 22–28. V. 1997 | leg. local collector” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2021- 259♂ | A. Volynkin” (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Paratypes. INDIA: 14 males, 4 females, same data as holotype, gen. prep. Nos.: ZSM Arct. 2021-017, ZSM Arct. 2021-260 (males), ZSM Arct. 2021-104, ZSM Arct. 2021-261 (females), (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 17.0–18.0 mm in males and 19.0 mm in females. The new species is superficially reminiscent of M. chrysophleps but distinguished by the somewhat larger size (especially in males), the somewhat broader forewing with a more convex costal margin, and the somewhat paler forewing ground colour. The male genital capsule of M. fardyftera sp. n. differs clearly from M. chrysophleps in the larger and more heavily sclerotised medial transverse lobe of the valva, and the nearly straight distal saccular process, which is somewhat upcurved in the congener. The phallus of the new species is distally narrower than in M. chrysophleps and bearing a shorter and basally thinner carinal process. The vesica structures of the two species are similar but in M. fardyftera sp. n., the dorsal diverticulum is conical whereas it is semiglobular in M. chrysophleps. In the female genitalia, M. fardyftera sp. n. differs from M. chrysophleps in the markedly broader (in proportion to the ovipositor width) gelatinous subostial pocket, the more rounded signa bursae, and the distally broader appendix bursae.</p> <p>Distribution. Northeast India (Arunachal Pradesh).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet originates from the Greek ‘φαρδυφτερος’ meaning ‘broad winged’ and refers to the forewing of the new species, which is broader than in the similar M. chrysophleps. The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771244FF8B0DDA1A1BFDA3F0C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771241FF8B0DDA1B16FB6CF50E.text	03E572771241FF8B0DDA1B16FB6CF50E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilema (Churingosia) nigripes (Hampson 1900) Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>The M. (Churingosia) nigripes species group</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species of the group are characterised by the uniform pale orange body and wings colouration with a slightly paler hindwing, combined with the blackish legs. In the male genitalia, the transverse medial lobe of the valva is heavily sclerotised and smooth, the distal carinal process is more elongate and basally thinner than in the M. chrysophleps species group, and the dorsal diverticulum of the phallus vesica is strongly elongate and bearing a cluster of spinulose scobination latero-apically. In the female genitalia, the gelatinous subostial pocket is slightly broader than the ostium bursae, and the posterior half of the ductus bursae has a sclerotised plate.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771241FF8B0DDA1B16FB6CF50E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771241FF8B0DDA1E47FD28F3F6.text	03E572771241FF8B0DDA1E47FD28F3F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) reducta Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Manulea (Churingosia) reducta sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 8–10, 20, 21, 30)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 8, 20): male, “ Myanmar (Burma) | 50 km NE Putao | Wa Sa Dam village | 950m, 17. V. 1998 | leg. Murzin &amp; Sinjaev: / “ Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2021-019 ♂ | A. Volynkin ” (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Paratypes. INDIA: 7 females, same data as holotype, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-106 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 male, [NE India, SE Assam] Cachar / Sammlung Daniel / Museum Witt München, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-262 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 15.5–16.0 mm in males and 17.5–18.0 mm in females. Manulea reducta sp. n. is distinguished from M. chrysophleps and M. fardyftera sp. n. in the smaller size, the more tapered forewing apex, the ochreous-brown body and forewing ground colour (it is brown in the aforementioned congeners), and the reduced pale ochreous suffusion on the forewing veins. The male genital capsule of the new species is most similar to M. fardyftera sp. n. but differs in the somewhat longer transverse lobe of the valva, and the shorter but thicker distal saccular process. The phalli of the two species are alike. The vesica of M. reducta sp. n. is broader than in M. fardyftera sp. n., and has a markedly shorter and less distally tapered dorsal diverticulum.</p> <p>Distribution. Northeast India (southern Assam) and North Myanmar (Kachin State).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the reduced ochreous suffusion on the forewing veins. The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771241FF8B0DDA1E47FD28F3F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771241FF8A0DDA1A8FFE5FF17E.text	03E572771241FF8A0DDA1A8FFE5FF17E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) nigripes (Hampson 1900) Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Manulea (Churingosia) nigripes (Hampson, 1900), comb. n.</p> <p>(Figs 11, 12, 22, 31)</p> <p>Ilema nigripes Hampson, 1900, Catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2: 175, pl. 23: fig. 6 (Type locality: [NE India, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills] “ Assam, Khásis ”).</p> <p>Type material examined. Lectotype (hereby designated) (Fig.11):male,“Khasis| May 1896.|Nat.Coll.”/ “nigripes | type ♂. Hmpsn” / “97-164.” / red ring “Type” label / QR-code label with unique number: “ NHMUK010401840 ” (NHMUK).</p> <p>Additional material examined. INDIA: 1 male, Khasis, May 1896, Nat. Coll. / Ilema nigripes Hmps / Lithosia auriflava Moore / Doncaster private coll. Purch. 1927, gen. prep. No.: AV 6491 (prepared by Volynkin) (OUMNH); 1 female, Khasis, Mar. 1897, Nat. Coll. / 684 / Rothschild Bequest B. M. 1939-1, unique number: NHMUK 010292059, gen. prep. No.: NHMUK 010317776 (prepared by Volynkin) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Note. In the original description of Ilema nigripes, Hampson (1900) mentioned one male and one female from “ Assam, Khásis” as “type”. In order to stabilise the nomenclature we hereby designate the male specimen from Khasis labelled as “Type” and preserved in the NHMUK collection as lectotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 19.5–20.0 mm in males and 21.0 mm in female. Manulea nigripes is the largest species in the group. The differences from the morphologically most similar M. mikrotera sp. n. are discussed below in the diagnosis of the latter species.</p> <p>Distribution. Northeast India: Meghalaya (Hampson 1900). The record from Thailand (Černý &amp; Pinratana 2009) belongs M. mavropoda sp. n. The record from Sikkim (Hampson 1900) requires clarification and probably belongs to M. mikrotera sp. n.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771241FF8A0DDA1A8FFE5FF17E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771240FF8A0DDA1E9FFE26F56A.text	03E572771240FF8A0DDA1E9FFE26F56A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) mikrotera Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Manulea (Churingosia) mikrotera sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 13, 14, 23, 24, 32, 33)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 13, 23): male, “ NE India | Arunachal Pradesh | near Hunli | 1400m, 22–28. V. 1997 | leg. local collector” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2021-091 ♂ | A. Volynkin” (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Paratypes. INDIA: 12 males, 5 females, Arunachal Pradesh, near Etalin, 700m, 10–21. V.1997, local collector leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-243 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); MYANMAR: 1 male, 25 km E Putao, env. Nan Sa Bon vill., 800m, 6–9. V.1998, Murzin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-090 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 female, 16 km E Putao, Kaung Mu Lon village, 500m, 28–30.IV.1998, Murzin &amp; Sinyaev leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-241 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 3 females, 65 km NE Putao, Zi Yar Dam village, 1250m, 18–21. V.1998, Murzin &amp; Sinyaev leg. (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 17.0– 17.5 mm in males and 18.5–19.0 mm in females. Manulea mikrotera sp. n. is superficially distinguished from M. nigripes and M. mavropoda sp. n. in the broader forewing (the length to width ratio is ca. 2.2:1 vs. 2.5: 1 in the congeners). Additionally, the new species is markedly smaller than M. nigripes. The male genital capsule of M. mikrotera sp. n. is most similar to M. nigripes but differs in the somewhat more elongate vinculum, and the slightly broader distal lobe of the valva. The phallus of the new species is longer and somewhat broader (in proportion to the valva length) than in the congener and bearing a more elongate carinal process. Compared to M. nigripes, the main chamber of the vesica of M. mikrotera sp. n. is longer and broader (in proportion to the valva width), and the dorsal diverticulum is longer, proximally broader, and bearing a longer latero-apical cluster of spinulose scobination. In the female genitalia, the new species differs from M. nigripes in the posteriorly broader sclerotised plate of the ductus bursae with a markedly broader and deeper medial incision (it is posteriorly tapered with a narrow and shallow incision in the congener), and the somewhat larger round signum bursae.</p> <p>Distribution. Northeast India (Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim) and North Myanmar (Kachin State).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet originates from the Greek ‘μικρότερος’ meaning ‘smaller’ and refers to the smaller size of the new species in comparison to the most similar M. nigripes. The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771240FF8A0DDA1E9FFE26F56A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
03E572771240FF800DDA1AABFE26F3D2.text	03E572771240FF800DDA1AABFE26F3D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Manulea (Churingosia) mavropoda Volynkin & Černý 2022	<div><p>Manulea (Churingosia) mavropoda sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 15, 16, 25, 26, 34)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype (Figs 15, 25): male: “ Thailand | Prov. Chiang Mai | Mt. Doi Inthanon, N. P. | 31 km of Chom Thong | 1360m, 24. V.–6. VI.1998 | leg. Dr. Ronald Brechlin ” / “Slide | ZSM Arct. | 2021- 239♂ | A. Volynkin” (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Paratypes. THAILAND: 22 males, 32 females, same data as holotype, gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-240 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 male, 1 female, Chiang Rai, 1090m, road 1150, km 17 from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.3125" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.39/lat 19.3125)">Wiang Pa Pao</a>, 19°18′45′′N, 99°23′24′′E, 27. V.2011, K. Černý leg. (CKC); 1 male, Chiang Mai, Fang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.04111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.902777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.04111/lat 19.902777)">Doi Ang Khang</a>, 1425m, 19°54′10′′N, 99°2′28′′E, 25–26. V.2011, K. Černý leg. (CKC); 3 males, 1 female, Chiang Mai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.915&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.915/lat 18.8)">Doi Suthep</a>, 1085m, 18°48′00′′N, 98°54′54′′E, 8. VI.2005, K. Černý leg. (CKC); 14 males, 17 females, 17–23. V.1991, Mae Hong Son, Ban Nual Po, 1600–2000m, J. Horák leg. (CKC); 1 female, Nan Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.46083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.93361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.46083/lat 18.93361)">Ban</a> Luang, 525m, 18°56′01′′N, 100°27′39′′E, 30. V.2011, K. Černý leg. (CKC); 1 male, Pu Pan NP, 400m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.86667/lat 16.9)">Kaengmoddaeng</a>, 18.IV.1996, 16°54′N, 103°52′E, Malicky &amp; Chantaramongkol leg. (CKC); 1 male, 4 females, Tak, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.923965&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.755283" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.923965/lat 16.755283)">Doi Mussoe</a>, 821 m, 16°45.317′N, 98°55.438′E, 11. V.2008, K. Černý leg. (CKC); 1 male, 3 females, Saraburi, Khao Yai NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.37056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.405555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.37056/lat 14.405555)">Khao Khieo</a>, 752m, 14°24′20′′N, 101°22′14′′E, 1. VI.2005, K. Černý leg. (CKC); LAOS: 22 males, 4 females, Khammouane Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.716667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.15/lat 17.716667)">Nakai</a> env., 17°43′N, 105°09′E, 22. V.–8. VI.2001, 500–600m, E. Jendek &amp; O. Šauša leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-237 (male) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 1 male, Luang Prabang, Pak Gaeng Noi (Pha Keng Ngai), 1200m, 1–10. V.2013, 19°27.364′N; 102°25.19′E, Thomas Ihle leg. (CKC); 3 males, 1 female, 1300m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.230835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.563334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.230835/lat 20.563334)">Prov.</a> Luang Prabang, 20°33′48′′N; 102°13′51′′E, 23–24.IV.2017, K. Černý leg. (CKC); 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.04889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.321945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.04889/lat 21.321945)">Prov.</a> Phongsali, 5 km N Ban Yo, 890m, 21°19′19′′N, 102°2′56′′E, 29.IV.2017, K. Černý leg. (CKC); VIETNAM: 1 male, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.333336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.333336/lat 21.566668)">Tam Dao</a> (sec. forest), 60 km NW Hanoi, 1200m, 21°34′N, 105°20′E, 1–5. V.1993, Sinyaev &amp; Simonov leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-089 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM); 14 males, 3 females, Bao Loc (sec. forest), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.533334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.816666/lat 11.533334)">Rung Cat Tien</a>, 1500m, 11°32′N, 107°49′E, 10–20.XII.1992, Sinyaev &amp; Simonov leg., gen. prep. No.: ZSM Arct. 2021-238 (male) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM / ZSM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The forewing length is 17.0–18.0 mm in males and 19.0– 19.5 mm in females. The new species differs superficially from M. nigripes and M. mikrotera sp. n. in the smaller size and the narrower forewing, respectively. The male genital capsule of M. mavropoda sp. n. is distinguished from the aforementioned congeners by the somewhat longer vinculum (in proportion to the valva length) and the more apically upcurved distal saccular process. The phallus of the new species is similar to M. mikrotera sp. n. but somewhat narrower distally and bearing a somewhat less elongate carinal process. The vesica of M. mavropoda sp. n. differs clearly from the similar congeners in the markedly shorter dorsal diverticulum with a shorter latero-apical cluster of spinulose scobination. In the female genitalia, the new species differs from M. nigripes and M. mikrotera sp. n. in the posteriorly dilated sclerotised plate of the ductus bursae with a broad depression whereas those of the aforementioned congeners have markedly narrower incisions.</p> <p>Distribution. Thailand (Chian Mai, Mae Hong Son, and Saraburi Provinces) (Černý &amp; Pinratana 2009, as Eilema nigripes), Laos (Bolikhamsai and Khammouane Provinces) (Bucsek 2020, as Churinga nigripes), and Vietnam (Vĩnh Phúc and Lâm Đồng Provinces).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet is a Latin transliteration of the Greek ‘μαυροποδα’ meaning ‘black legged’ and being synonymous with the Latin specific epithet of the related M. nigripes. The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E572771240FF800DDA1AABFE26F3D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Volynkin, Anton V.;Černý, Karel	Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel (2022): Churingosia, a new subgenus of the genus Manulea Wallengren with descriptions of four new species from the Oriental realm (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 5205 (2): 162-176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5205.2.4
