identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CE49877CFFACFFF0D9EB4E9AFE9E5823.text	CE49877CFFACFFF0D9EB4E9AFE9E5823.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austroblechnum bullatum J. Murillo & L. A. Triana 2022	<div><p>Austroblechnum bullatum J.Murillo &amp; L.A.Triana, sp. nov. (Fig. 1,2)</p><p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Risaralda: Santuario, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.02473&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.1272225" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.02473/lat 5.1272225)">Distrito de Manejo Integrado Planes de San Rafael</a>, camino hacia las cascadas, cerca al <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.02473&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.1272225" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.02473/lat 5.1272225)">río San Rafael</a>, 2097–2489 m, 5°7´38”N, 76°1´29”W, 10 June 2022, J. Murillo et al. 4873 (holotype COL!, isotype FAUC!) .</p><p>Diagnosis: — Austroblechnum bullatum is recognized by having pendulous laminae, pinnae bullate on both surfaces, 2–3 reduced pinnae at the base of the blade, rachis covered densely with hairs up to 2.5 mm long, and rhizome scales with acuminate apex.</p><p>Rupicolous or epiphytic plants; rhizomes short, decumbent to erect, 3 cm long, 3–4 mm in diameter, stoloniferous; scales 6 × 1.2 mm, ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate, basifixed, lustrous, light brown to dark brown, sometimes with sclerotized lines. Leaves dimorphic. Sterile leaves 29–34(–40) cm long; petioles 11–16(–19.5) cm long, 1–15 mm in diameter, sulcate, atropurpureous, generally stramineous towards the apex, sometimes stramineous in the upper 2/3, base scarcely covered with scales similar to those of the rhizome; petioles sometimes abaxially and towards the apex covered with simple hairs, scattered, straight to undulate, long and short, from 0.1 to 0.5 mm long, dark brown, 3 meristeles in cross section; laminae 20–27 × 4.5–5.5(–7.5) cm, pendulous, pinnatisect, narrowly elliptic, abruptly reduced at the base to 1–2 pairs of semicircular to triangular pinnae, 0.7–1 × 0.2–0.5(–0.7) cm; rachises adaxially sulcate and glabrous, abaxially covered with abundant simple, straight to tortuous, dark brown hairs, 1–2(–2.5) mm long, 5–12 celled, shorter towards the apex of the laminae; buds absent, aerophores absent, pinnae 23–24(–29) pairs, 2.5–3(–4) × 0.7–1 cm, falcate, bullate on both surfaces, acute apex, connate 0.5–1 mm, entire margins, glabrous or with sparse hairs similar to those on the rachis, located marginally and along the two proximal thirds of the costae on the abaxial side, abaxial epidermis with very short; terminal pinnae bases lobulate to crenate, with acute to largely acuminate apex; veins free, furcate, simple towards the pinna apex, with claviform ending and adaxial hydathodes. Fertile leaves shorter than sterile ones, (23–) 27–33 cm long; petioles 13.5–15 (–18) cm long, 1–1.5 mm in diameter, sulcate, atropurpureous to brown and with stramineous apex, base covered scarcely with scales similar to those on the rhizome; laminae (10–)14–19 × (2.5–) 4–5 cm, erect, pinnate, elliptic, abruptly reduced on its base to 2–3 pairs of semicircular pinnae, 0.3–0.6 × 0.1–0.2 cm; rachises adaxially sulcate, covered with spaced, simple, straight to tortuous hairs, 0.3–0.5(–1) mm long 3– to 4 celled, atropurpureous to stramineous; pinnae 22–27 pairs, linear, largest ones 30– 35 × 10–15 mm, with bases widened to 2.5–3.5(–4) mm. Sori and indusia following shape of pinnae, one on each side of the costa; indusia introrse, 1–2 mm wide, entire to erose when mature. Spores monolete, ellipsoid, dark brown.</p><p>Habitat and distribution: — This species is recorded only for Colombia, in the Antioquia and Risaralda departments, at elevations between 2097 and 2500 m (Fig. 3). Grows within the forest, as an epiphyte or rupicolous on seepage areas.</p><p>Etymology: —The species epithet refers to the bullate aspect of the both surfaces of the pinnae.</p><p>Examined specimens: — COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Ituango, camino de Guasimal hacia Santa Lucía, límites entre los departamentos de Antioquia y Córdoba, 2500 m, 7°10´N, 75°44´W, 18 May 2003, W. Rodríguez et al. 3817 (COL!, HUA) .</p><p>Notes:— Austroblechnum bullatum is characterized by pendulous leaves with bullate surfaces, laminae (Fig. 2A, E), and rachises densely covered by straight to tortuous, dark brown hairs up to 2.5 mm long (Fig. 2D). It resembles Cranfillia Gasper &amp; V.A.O. Dittrich in Gasper et al. (2016: 207) in having hairs up to 2 mm long on the rachises and costae. Nevertheless, Cranfillia has black or hyaline hairs. In addition, the rachises in Cranfillia are also covered by scales (Gasper et al. 2016), which do not occur in Austroblechnum . Rolleri &amp; Prada (2006) characterized the species included in Austroblechnum for the presence of three meristeles in the petiole, a character that is also present in A. bullatum (Fig 2G).</p><p>Austroblechnum bullatum resembles A. aequatoriense in having brown rhizome scales (Fig. 2B, C), but differs in the apex being filiform in A. aequatoriense, whereas in A. bullatum it is acuminate. Austroblechnum aequatoriense has several (3–8) reduced pinnae pairs on the base of the laminae, whereas in A. bullatum there are only 2–3. In addition, the rachises are densely covered with hairs up to 2.5 mm long, whereas in A. aequatoriense it is either glabrous or with hairs ca. 1 mm long. It also resembles A. lherminieri in the shape of its laminae and pinnae. However, A. lherminieri is terrestrial (vs. rupicolous or epiphytic), with erect rhizomes resembling a small arborescent plant (vs. decumbent rhizome), erect (vs. pendulous) and glabrous (vs. rachises densely covered with long hairs) laminae, and flat (vs. bullate, Fig. 2E) pinnae. It may also be confused with A. organense (Brade) Gasper &amp; V.A.O. Dittrich due to the presence of 1–3 reduced pinnae on the base of the lamina, but differs from A. organense in being a terrestrial plant (vs. rupicolous or epiphytes) with a glabrous rachis (vs. densely covered with simple hairs), and laminae with 10–16 pairs of pinnae (vs. 22–29).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE49877CFFACFFF0D9EB4E9AFE9E5823	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Murillo-A, José;Triana-Moreno, Luz A.	Murillo-A, José, Triana-Moreno, Luz A. (2022): Novelties in Austroblechnum (Blechnaceae) from Colombia. Phytotaxa 572 (3): 268-274, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.5
CE49877CFFAEFFF7D9DE4AEFFC9F50F4.text	CE49877CFFAEFFF7D9DE4AEFFC9F50F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austroblechnum aequatoriense (A. Rojas) Gasper & V. A. O. Dittrich	<div><p>Austroblechnum aequatoriense (A.Rojas) Gasper &amp; V.A.O. Dittrich in Gasper et al. (2016: 202).</p><p>Blechnum aequatoriense A. Rojas (2008: 9) .</p><p>Type:— ECUADOR. Pichincha: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.23333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.8/lat -0.23333333)">Quito Cantón</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.23333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.8/lat -0.23333333)">Río Guajalito Natural Reserve</a>, 10 km W of Chiriboga, km 69 of old road Quito–Santo Domingo, 0º14’S, 78º48’W, 1900 m, 9 July 1991, A. Fay &amp; L. Fay 3204 (Lectotype MO [MO-5045402!] designated here; isolectotypes MO [MO-5045400!], QCNE [QCNE-104962!], UC) .</p><p>Notes:— This species had been characterized by having a glabrous rachis and lamina base with (1–) 3 to 8 (–11) pairs of reduced pinnae (Rojas 2008). In Colombian specimens, the lamina has a rachis abundantly covered with simple hairs, mainly ca. 1 mm long, and the number of reduced pinnae ranges from (3–)5 to 8. The finding of Colombian specimens belonging to A. aequatoriense expands the distribution range of the species, previously known from the Carchi and Pichincha provinces in northern Ecuador (Rojas 2008). The expanded range encompasses the departments of Cauca, Chocó, and Nariño in Colombia (Fig. 3). In addition, the elevational range of the species, originally ranging from 1900 to 2650 m (Rojas 2008), now extends to 1500 m.</p><p>Rojas (2008) chose A. Fay &amp; L. Fay 3204 (MO) as the type of A. aequatoriense, but he did not select the holotype from the two available specimens (MO-5045400 and MO-5045402). We designate MO-5045402 as lectotype of this species. This specimen is more informative, since it has a less damaged fertile leaf than MO-5045400.</p><p>Examined specimens: — COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Ituango, camino de Guasimal hacia el Alto del Oso, límites entre los departamentos de Antioquia y Córdoba, 2140 m, 15 May 2003, W. Rodríguez et al. 3754 (COL) . Cauca: El Tambo, Cachimbo, en el camino El Tambo–San Juan de Mechengue, 1600 m, 30 July 1958, H. Bischler 1363 (COL) . Chocó: San José del Palmar, vereda Corcovados, finca La Esperanza, 1950 m, 19 January 1983, S. Diaz 3728 (COL); principal ridge and slopes 2 km E of San José del Palmar, 1550–1650 m, D. Lellinger &amp; E. de La Sota 757 (COL); vereda El Tambor, 1540 m, 18 January 1983, P. Franco et al. 1506 (COL) . Nariño: Ricaurte, entre La Planada y Pialapi, 1500–2000 m, 13 November 1967, L. E. Mora 4022 (COL) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE49877CFFAEFFF7D9DE4AEFFC9F50F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Murillo-A, José;Triana-Moreno, Luz A.	Murillo-A, José, Triana-Moreno, Luz A. (2022): Novelties in Austroblechnum (Blechnaceae) from Colombia. Phytotaxa 572 (3): 268-274, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.5
CE49877CFFA8FFF7D9EB4D64FA4B533C.text	CE49877CFFA8FFF7D9EB4D64FA4B533C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Austroblechnum Gasper & V. A. O. Dittrich	<div><p>Key to the Colombian species of Austroblechnum</p><p>1. Rachises abaxially covered with hairs...............................................................................................................................................2.</p><p>- Rachises glabrous or covered with scales .........................................................................................................................................3.</p><p>2. Rhizome scales with filiform apex; pinnae smooth abaxially................................................................................... A. aequatoriense</p><p>- Rhizome scales with acuminate apex; pinnae bullate abaxially........................................................................................ A. bullatum</p><p>3. Sterile laminae 33–82 × 9–32 cm, more than 22 pinnae pairs ..........................................................................................................4.</p><p>- Sterile laminae 11–34 × 2–9.5 cm, less than 15 pinnae pairs............................................................................................................5.</p><p>4. Fertile laminae 22–44 cm long; 22–28 pinnae pairs ........................................................................................................ A. divergens</p><p>- Fertile laminae 55–78 cm long; 25–46 pinnae pairs .......................................................................................................... A. wardiae</p><p>5. Fertile leaves petioles 3–10 cm long .................................................................................................................................................6.</p><p>- Fertile leaves petioles 14–24 cm long ...............................................................................................................................................7.</p><p>6. Laminae with 1–2 pairs of reduced pinnae; rhizome scales 3.5–4 mm long ................................................................ B. lherminieri</p><p>- Laminae without reduced pinnae, rhizome scales less than 3 mm long.......................................................................... A. ascendens</p><p>7. Sterile laminae 6.5–9 cm wide, base with 1–3 pairs of reduced pinna ........................................................................... A. organense</p><p>- Sterile laminae less than 6 cm wide, base with 3–12 pairs of reduced pinnae..................................................................................8.</p><p>8. Sterile laminae 3–6 cm wide, 3–8 pairs of auriculiform pinnae...................................................................................... A. lehmannii</p><p>- Sterile laminae less than 2.5 cm wide, 8–12 pairs of auriculiform pinnae.................................................................. A. pinnatifidum</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE49877CFFA8FFF7D9EB4D64FA4B533C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Murillo-A, José;Triana-Moreno, Luz A.	Murillo-A, José, Triana-Moreno, Luz A. (2022): Novelties in Austroblechnum (Blechnaceae) from Colombia. Phytotaxa 572 (3): 268-274, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.5
