identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5F6B87EEFF8F9C0B1CF9FDD35CE5FA43.text	5F6B87EEFF8F9C0B1CF9FDD35CE5FA43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Retiboletus Manfr. Binder & Bresinsky, Feddes Repert	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Retiboletus Manfr. Binder &amp; Bresinsky, Feddes Repert 113(1–2): 36 (2002). </p>
            <p> Type:  Retiboletus ornatipes (Peck) Binder &amp; Bresinsky, Feddes Repert 113(1–2): 37 (2002). </p>
            <p>Description: Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus subhemispherical to broadly convex, sometimes applanate; surface dry, velutinous, tomentose to matted tomentose, brown, yellow-brown, yellowish brown, grayish brown, gray, blackish gray, or black, sometimes with an olive, grayish green or blackish green tinge; margin always incurved; context yellow, pale yellow to light yellow, or white to grayish white or pallid gray to cream, unchanging or staining yellow, yellowish brown, pale brown, brown, blackish brown, or ferrugineous when injured. Hymenophore poroid, adnate or slightly depressed around apex of stipe; pores angular, grayish white, pale yellow, yellow to light yellow, unchanging or usually staining yellowish brown, brown to dark brown or pale orange when injured; tubes grayish white or yellowish to light yellow, unchanging or usually staining yellowish brown, pale brown, brown to dark brown when injured. Stipe central, subcylindric, solid, usually flexuous; surface dry, yellowish, yellow to brownish yellow or grayish white, gray, blackish yellow to blackish, always with yellow tinge downwards; surface always covered with concolorous or much darker reticulum; context yellow to bright yellow, or white to cream or grayish on the upper part, but with distinct yellow tinge downwards, unchanging or staining vivid yellow to yellowish brown or pale brown, brown to blackish brown or indistinct blue when injured; annulus absent. Basal mycelium white or yellow. Odor indistinct. Basidiospores smooth, subfusiform to ellipsoid. Cheilo- and pleurocystidia abundant, fusiform or subfusiform to fusoid-ventricose. Pileipellis subrepent to trichodermium composed of vertically arranged or interwoven thin-walled hyphae. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.</p>
            <p> Ecology and distribution: Known from northern Central America and East Asia, associated with species of the families  Fagaceae and  Pinaceae . </p>
            <p> Notes: The genus  Retiboletus can be easily distinguish from other genera in  Boletaceae by the grayish black or yellow tinged pileus, the concolorous stipes covered with reticulum or sometimes granular-like squamules, the yellow to bright yellow or white to grayish or cream hymenophore, and white or yellow basal mycelium. Species of the genus  Boletus share the reticulate stipe with  Retiboletus , but the surface of the immature poroid hymenophore of  Boletus is covered with a layer of tangled white hyphae (Cui et al. 2016). The genus  Retiboletus receives high bootstrap support values as a monophyly in present and former studies. Species of this genus cluster into two major clades corresponding to two subgenera, i.e., R. subg.  Nigroretiboletorum and R. subg.  Retiboletus</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F6B87EEFF8F9C0B1CF9FDD35CE5FA43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Jin;Wang, Zhen;Liu, En-De;Yang, Zhu L.;Li, Yan-Chun	Li, Jin, Wang, Zhen, Liu, En-De, Yang, Zhu L., Li, Yan-Chun (2022): Morphological and molecular data reveal Retiboletus cyanescens sp. nov. and the new subgenus Nigroretiboletorum (Boletaceae). Phytotaxa 572 (3): 232-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2
5F6B87EEFF8F9C0A1CF9F9EC5D31FE61.text	5F6B87EEFF8F9C0A1CF9F9EC5D31FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Retiboletus (Retiboletus)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Retiboletus subg. Retiboletus</p>
            <p> Type:  Retiboletus ornatipes (Peck) Binder &amp; Bresinsky, Feddes Repert 113(1–2): 37 (2002). </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Retiboletus subg. Retiboletus differs from R. subg.  Nigroretiboletorum by its yellow to light yellow hymenophore and context, which is unchanging or staining yellow to yellowish brown when injured. </p>
            <p>Description: Basidiomata small to large-sized. Pileus subhemispherical to broadly convex, sometimes applanate; surface dry, velutinous to tomentose to matted tomentose, yellowish brown, gray brown to brown or yellow, sometimes with olive tinge; margin incurved; context pale yellow to light yellow, unchanging or staining yellow to yellowish brown in color when injured. Hymenophore poroid, adnate or slightly depressed around apex of stipe; pores angular pale yellow, yellow, to light yellow, usually changing yellowish brown to brown or pale orange when injured; tubes yellowish to light yellow, usually changing yellowish brown, pale brown when injured. Stipe central, subcylindric, solid, usually flexuous; surface dry, yellowish, yellow to brownish yellow, prominently and coarsely reticulate nearly to base or the upper; reticulum brownish black or yellow to light yellow; context yellow, unchanging or changing vivid yellow or yellowish brown in color when injured; annulus absent. Basal mycelium yellow. Odor indistinct. Basidiospores smooth, subfusiform to ellipsoid; Cheilo- and pleurocystidia abundant, fusiform or subfusiform; Pileipellis a trichoderm composed of vertically or interwoven thin-walled hyphae; Stipitipellis hymeniform, composed of thin-walled hyphae with narrowly or broadly clavate, subfusiform or fusiform terminal cells. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.</p>
            <p> Ecology and distribution: Known from northern Central America and East Asia, associated with species of the family  Fagaceae and the family  Pinaceae . </p>
            <p> Currently known species:  Retiboletus brevibasidiatus Raspé &amp; Chuankid (2021: 297) ,  R. flavoniger (Halling, G.M. Muell. &amp; L.D. Gómez) Binder &amp; Halling (2002: 30) ,  R. kauffmanii ,  R. ornatipes ,  R. retipes ,  R. sinensis N.K. Zeng &amp; Zhu L. Yang (2016: 363). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F6B87EEFF8F9C0A1CF9F9EC5D31FE61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Jin;Wang, Zhen;Liu, En-De;Yang, Zhu L.;Li, Yan-Chun	Li, Jin, Wang, Zhen, Liu, En-De, Yang, Zhu L., Li, Yan-Chun (2022): Morphological and molecular data reveal Retiboletus cyanescens sp. nov. and the new subgenus Nigroretiboletorum (Boletaceae). Phytotaxa 572 (3): 232-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2
5F6B87EEFF8E9C0A1CF9FDC25C3AFA54.text	5F6B87EEFF8E9C0A1CF9FDC25C3AFA54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Retiboletus (Nigroretiboletorum) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Retiboletus subg. Nigroretiboletorum Yan C. Li &amp; Zhu L. Yang ,  subg. nov.</p>
            <p>MycoBank: 845727</p>
            <p>Etymology: the epithet refers to species of this subgenus with gray, grayish-brown or black colored pileus.</p>
            <p> Type:  
Retiboletus griseus (
Frost in Peck
) Binder &amp; Bresinsky
 , Feddes Repert 113(1–2): 37 (2002). </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Retiboletus subg. Nigroretiboletorum differs from R. subg.  Retiboletus by its white, grayish white or pallid gray to cream context, unchanging or staining pale brown, brown, blackish brown, or ferrugineous when injured, and the white to grayish white or grayish pink to dark purple hymenophore, which is unchanging or staining pale brownish, brown, dark brown or ferrugineous when injured. </p>
            <p>Description: Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus subhemispherical to convex, sometimes applanate; surface dry, densely subtomentose, grayish brown, pale brown to blackish brown or grayish white to blackish; margin incurved; context white, grayish white or pallid gray to cream, unchanging or staining pale brown, brown, blackish brown, or ferrugineous when injured. Hymenophore poroid, adnate or slightly depressed around apex of stipe; pores angular to roundish, white to grayish white or grayish pink to dark purple, unchanging or staining brownish, brown, dark brown or ferrugineous when injured; tubes grayish white or gray-white when young, then gray, grayish yellow, or lilac, unchanging or staining pale brown, brown, or dark brown when injured. Stipe central, subcylindrical, solid, usually flexuous; surface dry, grayish white, gray to blackish, but with yellow to gray-yellow tinge downwards; surface often covered with concolorous or much darker reticulum, sometimes without indistinct reticulum; context white, cream to grayish on the upper part, but yellowish to cream downwards, unchanging or staining pale brown, brown, blackish brown, ferrugineous or indistinct blue when injured; annulus absent. Basal mycelium white or cream. Odor indistinct. Basidiospores smooth, subfusiform to ellipsoid. Cheilo- and pleurocystidia subfusiform or fusiform, abundant. Pileipellis a trichoderm composed of more or less vertically arranged, or sometimes slightly interwoven hyphae. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.</p>
            <p> Ecology and distribution: Known from North and Central America and East Asia, associated with plants of the families  Fagaceae and  Pinaceae . </p>
            <p> Currently known species:  Retiboletus ater ,  R. brunneolus ,  R. fuscus ,  R. griseus ,  R. nigerrimus (R. Heim) Manfr. Binder &amp; Bresinsky ,  R. nigrogriseus ,  R. pseudogriseus ,  R. sinogriseus ,  R. vinaceipes B. Ortiz, Lodge &amp; T.J. Baroni ,  R. zhangfeii and the newly described species  R. cyanescens . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F6B87EEFF8E9C0A1CF9FDC25C3AFA54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Jin;Wang, Zhen;Liu, En-De;Yang, Zhu L.;Li, Yan-Chun	Li, Jin, Wang, Zhen, Liu, En-De, Yang, Zhu L., Li, Yan-Chun (2022): Morphological and molecular data reveal Retiboletus cyanescens sp. nov. and the new subgenus Nigroretiboletorum (Boletaceae). Phytotaxa 572 (3): 232-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2
5F6B87EEFF8E9C081CF9F9DE5C72FF65.text	5F6B87EEFF8E9C081CF9F9DE5C72FF65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Retiboletus cyanescens Yan C. Li & Zhu L.	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Retiboletus cyanescens Yan C. Li &amp; Zhu L. Yang,  sp. nov. Figures 2 a–d, 3 </p>
            <p>MycoBank: 845728</p>
            <p> Etymology:  cyanescens referring to the context in stipe staining indistinct blue when injured. </p>
            <p> Type:  China. Yunnan Province: Anning County, alt. 2050 m, 15 July 2021, Y. C. Li 2967 (holotype: KUN-HKAS 122939) . </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Retiboletus cyanescens can be distinguished from the other species in  Retiboletus by the combination of the gray to blackish pileus, the white, grayish white to yellowish gray stipe which is yellowish to brownish yellow downwards, the entirely reticulate stipe surface, the cream basal mycelium, the bluish discoloration in the middle part of the stipe when injured, the palisadoderm pileipellis, and the subtropical to temperate distribution. </p>
            <p>Description: Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus 3–10 cm in diameter, subhemispherical to applanate, surface dry, finely subtomentose, dark brown (5F8), brown (5E8), black (4F2), or brown-gray (4C2) in the center and brownish (5B4-5) or grayish (4B2) towards margin. Context whitish (4A1) to cream (4A3), without color change when injured. Hymenophore adnate to slightly decurrent, or sometimes depressed around apex of stipe when mature; surface initially whitish (4A1) and then dirty white or grayish (4B1); pores angular to roundish, 0.5–1.5 mm wide; tubes up to 4–6 mm in length, concolorous or a little paler than hymenophoral surface, without color change when injured or sometimes with rust brownish spots when touched. Stipe 3–7 × 0.3–0.7 cm, clavate to subcylindrical, flexuous, solid; surface grayish white (4B2) to pale range (5A3), covered with blackish to dark brown reticulum, without color change when hurt; context white (4A1) to cream (4A3) at upper part and cream to yellowish (4A2) downwards, staining indistinct blue in the middle part when injured; basal mycelium cream (4A3) without color change when injured. Taste and odor mild.</p>
            <p>Basidia 28–40 × 9–12 μm, clavate, thin-walled, 4-spored, hyaline to yellowish in KOH. Basidiospores [100/5/5] (9.5) 10–13 (14.5) × 4–5 μm, [Q = (2.11) 2.30–3.13 (3.25), Q m = 2.60 ± 0.18], sub- fusiform and inequilateral with slightly suprahilar depression in side view, elongate fusoid or narrowly oblong in ventral view, slightly thick-walled (up to 0.5 μm), brownish or pale brown in KOH, olive-brown to brown in Melzer’s reagent, smooth. Hymenophoral trama boletoid; hyphae cylindrical, 3–14 μm wide, hyaline to yellowish in KOH, yellowish to yellow in Melzer’s reagent. Cheilocystidia 27–37 × 5–7 μm, fusiform or subfusiform, thin-walled, brownish to pale yellow-brown in KOH; surface without encrustations. Pleurocystidia relatively big, 44–65 × 6–10 μm, fusiform or subfusiform, thin- to slightly thickwalled (up to 0.5 μm), concolorous with cheilocystidia; surface without encrustations. Caulocystidia forming the reticulum over the stipe surface, morphologically similar to cheilo- and pleurocystidia. Pileipellis a trichoderm about 150 μm thick, composed of more or less vertically arranged to slightly interwoven, brown to dark brown hyphae, 6–16 μm wide; terminal cells 21–38 × 6–16 μm, narrowly clavate to subcylindrical or subfusiform, sometimes narrowly mucronate, rostrate, thin-walled, yellowish brown to brownish in KOH, yellow-brown to brown in Melzer’s reagent. Pileal trama composed of thin-walled hyphae, 3–9 μm wide, hyaline to yellowish in KOH, yellowish to yellow in Melzer’s reagent. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.</p>
            <p> Habitat, ecology and distribution: Solitary on the ground in subtropical to temperate forests dominated by plants of the family  Fagaceae ; currently known from southwestern China. </p>
            <p> Additional specimens examined:  China. Yunnan Province: Kunming City, Anning County, alt. 2050 m, 15 July 2021, Y.C. Li 2975 and Y.C. Li 2980 (KUN-HKAS 122940 and KUN-HKAS 122941, respectively) ;   Lijiang County,  Wenbi Mountain , alt. 2400 m, 14 July 2019, C. Huang 013 (KUN-HKAS 106692)  ;   Kunming City,  Kunming Institute of Botany , alt. 1980 m, Z.L. Yang 5698 (KUN-HKAS 79637)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F6B87EEFF8E9C081CF9F9DE5C72FF65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Jin;Wang, Zhen;Liu, En-De;Yang, Zhu L.;Li, Yan-Chun	Li, Jin, Wang, Zhen, Liu, En-De, Yang, Zhu L., Li, Yan-Chun (2022): Morphological and molecular data reveal Retiboletus cyanescens sp. nov. and the new subgenus Nigroretiboletorum (Boletaceae). Phytotaxa 572 (3): 232-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2
5F6B87EEFF839C061CF9FB765A98FEFC.text	5F6B87EEFF839C061CF9FB765A98FEFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Retiboletus Manfr. Binder & Bresinsky	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to the species of  Retiboletus in China </p>
            <p>1. Hymenophore bright yellow to brownish-yellow, stipe yellow to orange-yellow, mycelium on the base of stipe yellow to brownishyellow .................................................................................................................................................................................................2</p>
            <p>1. Hymenophore whitish to grayish white, stipe black to blackish or grayish-black, mycelium on the base of stipe whitish to grayishwhite ...................................................................................................................................................................................................3</p>
            <p> 2. Basidiomata medium-sized to large, pileus up to 15 cm in diam.; distributed in subtropical to temperate forestes ........................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................  R. kauffmanii</p>
            <p> 2. Basidiomata small to medium-sized, pileus up to 10 cm in diam.; distributed in tropical forestes.....................................  R. sinensis</p>
            <p>3. Pileus smoky-gray to gray or black to grayish black, always with an olivaceous tinge; context of pileus white to grayish white with olivaceous tinge, staining brownish to fuliginous when injured; context of stipe dark green to olivaceous when cut, staining brownish to fuliginous when injured..................................................................................................................................................4</p>
            <p>3. Pileus without olivaceous tinge; context of pileus white to grayish white without olivaceous tinge, color unchanged when hurt; context of stipe white to grayish white in the upper part and grayish yellow to brownish yellow at base, color without discoloration or sometimes staining brown when injured........................................................................................................................................5</p>
            <p> 4. Pileus smoky-gray to gray with olivaceous tinge; hymenophore initially white and then lilac to purplish; basidiospores 9–11 × 4–5 μm......................................................................................................................................................................................  R. zhangfeii</p>
            <p> 4. Pileus black to grayish black with olivaceous tinge; hymenophore white to grayish white without lilac to purplish tinge; basidiospores relatively small 8–10.5 × 3.5–4 μm.............................................................................................................................  R. nigrogriseus</p>
            <p>5. Basidiomata distributed in tropical forests; pileipellis a palisadoderm composed of vertically arranged broad hyphae up to 15 μm wide ....................................................................................................................................................................................................6</p>
            <p>5. Basidiomata distributed in subtropical forests, or subtropical to temperate forests; pileipellis a palisadoderm composed of vertically arranged broad hyphae up to 16 μm wide, or a trichoderm composed of interwoven hyphae up to 8 μm wide ...............................7</p>
            <p> 6. Pileus brown to blackish brown; basidiospores 9.5–11 × 4–4.5 μm; basidia 23–29 × 8–10 μm; pleurocystidia 40–60 × 9–11 μm .. ..................................................................................................................................................................................  R. pseudogriseus</p>
            <p> 6. Pileus pale brown to grayish brown; basidiospores relatively large measuring 10–12.5 × 4.5–5 μm; basidia relatively large measuring 35–40 × 10–12 μm; pleurocystidia relatively large measuring 50–80 × 9–14.5 μm...................................  R. brunneolus</p>
            <p>7. Basidiomata distributed in subtropical forests; pileipellis a palisadoderm composed of vertically arranged broad hyphae up to 16 μm wide ..............................................................................................................................................................................................8</p>
            <p>7. Basidiomata distributed in subtropical to temperate forests; pileipellis a trichoderm composed of interwoven hyphae up to 8 μm wide ....................................................................................................................................................................................................9</p>
            <p> 8. Pileus black to blackish; basidiospores small mostly 8–10.5 × 3–4.5 μm; context in stipe without grayish green discoloration when injured.......................................................................................................................................................................................  R. ater</p>
            <p> 8. Pileus dark brown, brown, black, or brown-gray in the center and brownish or grayish towards margin; basidiospores large mostly 10–13 × 4–5 μm; context in stipe with grayish green discoloration when injured .............................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................................................................  R. cyanescens</p>
            <p> 9. Pileus grayish brown to grayish black; basidiospores 9–12 × 3.5–4 μm ..............................................................................  R. fuscus</p>
            <p> 9. Pileus grayish brown to brown without black tinge; basidiospores relatively large mostly 10–13.5 × 4–5 μm...........  R. sinogriseus</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F6B87EEFF839C061CF9FB765A98FEFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Jin;Wang, Zhen;Liu, En-De;Yang, Zhu L.;Li, Yan-Chun	Li, Jin, Wang, Zhen, Liu, En-De, Yang, Zhu L., Li, Yan-Chun (2022): Morphological and molecular data reveal Retiboletus cyanescens sp. nov. and the new subgenus Nigroretiboletorum (Boletaceae). Phytotaxa 572 (3): 232-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.2
