taxonID	type	description	language	source
17D6C5F2F3015BFE8260B5DDFB4278F8.taxon	description	Otjihipa Flat Gecko (English) Otjihipa Platgeitjie (Afrikaans) Figs 5 C-D, 6 C-D, 7	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
17D6C5F2F3015BFE8260B5DDFB4278F8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named in reference to the area it was collected, namely Otjihipa Mountains in northern Namibia.	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
17D6C5F2F3015BFE8260B5DDFB4278F8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A member of the greater ' Afroedura transvaalica ' group as it possesses two pairs of enlarged scansors per digit and a strongly verticillate and flattened tail (Jacobsen et al. 2014). Part of the A. bogerti group which differs from other members of the ' Afroedura transvaalica ' group by having less than 72 mid-body scale rows (vs. 97 - 102 in A. gorongosa, 113 - 120 in A. loveridgei, 102 - 119 in A. transvaalica); rostral excluded from the nostril (in contact in A. gorongosa); supranasals always in contact (separated by 1 - 3 granules in A. gorongosa; always in broad contact in A. loveridgei; usually in broad contact in A. transvaalica ~ 3 - 18 %); and 15 - 16 scales between anterior borders of the eyes (19 - 22 in A. gorongosa, 15 - 19 in A. loveridgei, 15 - 20 in A. transvaalica) (comparative data from Branch et al. 2017, 2021). Afroedura otjihipa sp. nov. differs from other members of the A. bogerti group by a combination of the following characteristics (see Tables 5 and 7): 65 - 67 (mean 66.0) mid-body scale rows (64 - 78 [mean 72.8] in A. donveae, 69 - 77 [mean 73.5] in A. bogerti, 73 - 78 [mean 74.8] in A. praedicta, 78 - 82 (mean 79.5) in A. pundomontana sp. nov.; 76 - 88 [mean 79.3] in A. wulfhaackei, 73 - 86 [mean 80.3] in A. vazpintorum); supranasals always in contact (similar to A. donveae, A. vazpintorum, A. praedicta and A. pundomontana sp. nov.; in contact in ~ 33 % of A. bogerti; in contact in ~ 57 % of A. wulfhaackei); each tail verticil comprises 5 ventral and 6 dorsal rows of scales (mean 4 ventral and 5 dorsal in A. bogerti, A. praedicta and A. wulfhaackei; 4 - 5 (mean 4.4) ventral and 5 - 6 (mean 5.6) dorsal in A. pundomontana sp. nov.; 5 - 6 [mean 5.5] ventral and 6 - 7 [mean 6.6] dorsal in A. donveae; 5 - 6 [mean 5.0] ventral and 6 - 7 [mean 6.1] dorsal A. vazpintorum); ventral surfaces light cream and almost immaculate, with some scattered dark spots near lateral edges (similar to A. donveae and A. vazpintorum; greyish with black spots in A. bogerti, A. wulfhaackei, A. praedicta and A. pundomontana sp. nov.); larger average adult size 58.2 mm SVL (versus 57.6 mm in A. donveae, 51.7 mm in A. wulfhaackei, 51.3 mm in A. vazpintorum; 50.3 mm in A. pundomontana sp. nov., 50.0 mm in A. bogerti, 49.9 mm A. praedicta), and by having very distinct black-and-white tail banding (similar to A. donveae). Afroedura otjihipa sp. nov. differs from its sister lowland species A. donveae in having a brown or copper coloured (versus black) iris, a relatively broader head (mean HL / HW 1.1 versus 1.3), and in dorsal colour pattern (Fig. 6): in A. otjihipa sp. nov. it is dominantly dark brown, the yellow appearing as small asymmetrical, irregular patches, and as irregular borders of four paired, asymmetrical, irregular, roughly triangular brown blotches, which merge at the scapular and sacral regions to form two additional bands (versus roughly symmetrical brown patterns on a mostly yellow background in A. donveae).	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
17D6C5F2F3015BFE8260B5DDFB4278F8.taxon	description	Holotype description. Adult female: SVL 57.9 mm; tail regenerated, with a small mid-ventral incision for the removal of liver sample. Measurements and meristic characters of holotype presented in Table 7. Head and body dorsoventrally depressed; HL 13.6 mm, HW 13.2 mm, head broadest posterior level of eye and 1.02 times longer than wide. Eyes large (3.2 mm wide), pupil vertical with indented margins; circumorbital scales small and smooth, bottom posterior scales with small upward pointing spines. Snout rounded, 5.7 mm long, longer than distance between eye and ear openings (4.8 mm). Scales on top of snout smooth, rounded, similar in size, with no intervening minute granules. Scales on snout slightly larger than those on back of head or nape. Scales on eyelids larger than those on the crown, 5 scales deep from circumorbital scale to crown. Nostril pierced between first supralabial and three nasal scales; rostral narrowly excluded from nostril; supranasals much larger than the smaller postnasals, ventral postnasal being about half the size of its dorsal counterpart, and all in broad contact with one other. Nostrils very slightly elevated. Rostral roughly rectangular, but with its upper edges elongated due to extensions toward the nostril, and the central point extends between the nasals. Seven supralabials on each side, the labial margin flexing upwards at the rictus (approx. mid-orbital position), with 1 - 2 elongate scales proximal to the flexure and several minute scales along the flexure proximal to these. Seven infralabials on either side. At the lip, mental scale slightly narrower than adjacent infralabial, mental only two thirds the width of rostral (1.1 mm versus 1.8 mm respectively) and in contact with three postmental scales; mental similar in size and shape to the surrounding gular scales, the central one of which is distinctly smaller. Scales on throat much smaller than those on belly, scales touching infralabials larger. Fourteen scales across the crown at level of front of eyes; 10 scales between nostril and front of eye; 12 scales from ear to eye; 67 scales around mid-body. Ear opening deep, oblique and roughly oval, less than half as high as wide (0.42 x 0.95 mm respectively). Scales on dorsum smooth, non-overlapping, largest at mid-body, smaller on nape and tail base. Scales on ventrum flattened, not overlapping, roughly twice the size of lateral granules and 1.4 times the size of scales along the dorsal mid-line. Regenerated tail dorsoventrally flattened, roughly as broad as the neck, with ventral scales larger than those on the dorsal surface. Limbs well-developed, hindlimbs slightly longer than forelimbs; all limbs without obvious mite pockets at posterior or anterior margin of limb insertions. All digits with a large pair of distal scansors, separated by a curved claw, notably smaller on the fingers than toes, and followed after a gap (about the width of terminal scansor) by a smaller pair of scansors; infero-median row of digital scales slightly enlarged transversely, the distal two rows being paired in both digits and toes, where the terminal scale adjoining the first pair of scansors may be swollen and scansor-like; 6 enlarged central and two paired distal scale rows under 3 rd toe, while other toes have paired scale rows, 8 under the 4 th toe.	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
17D6C5F2F3015BFE8260B5DDFB4278F8.taxon	distribution	Distribution and conservation. Currently known from a single sandstone ridge on Otjihipa Middleberg in the extreme north-west of the Kunene Region, Namibia (Fig. 2). The species remains poorly known, but it is probably stable in numbers as the local habitat is currently not threatened and is topographically unsuitable for human habitation. It likely occurs more broadly across the Otjihipa Mountain range. In accordance with IUCN Red List Guidelines (IUCN 2022) we propose this species to be classified as Data Deficient (DD) at this stage, but due to the remoteness of the locality and because no notifiable threats exist, it could be listed as Least Concern.	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
C24ED644248F529D98C870875BCD4B61.taxon	description	Bocoio Flat Gecko (English) Osga-achatada do Bocoio (Portuguese) Figs 3 A-B, 4, 5 C-D	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
C24ED644248F529D98C870875BCD4B61.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named in reference to the area where it was found. The region lies on top of a ridge known as Morro do Pundo that translates to the ' Hills' or ' Mountain' of the Baboons. The name thus comprises two parts: pundo (= baboon) and montana (= mountain).	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
C24ED644248F529D98C870875BCD4B61.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A member of the greater ' Afroedura transvaalica ' group, possessing two pairs of enlarged scansors per digit, and a strongly verticillate and flattened tail (Jacobsen et al. 2014). As part of the A. bogerti group it differs from other members of the ' Afroedura transvaalica ' group by having 78 - 82 midbody scale rows (versus 97 - 102 in A. gorongosa, 113 - 120 in A. loveridgei, 102 - 119 in A. transvaalica); and rostral excluded from the nostril (in contact in A. gorongosa) [Note: in Branch et al. (2021) it was incorrectly recorded that the rostral is in contact with the nostril in the A. bogerti - group]; with the supranasals always being in contact (separated by 1 - 3 granules in A. gorongosa; always in broad contact in A. loveridgei; usually in broad contact in A. transvaalica ~ 3 - 18 %); and in having 13 - 15 scales between the anterior borders of the eyes (19 - 22 in A. gorongosa; 15 - 19 in A. loveridgei; 15 - 20 in A. transvaalica) (comparative data fide Branch et al. 2017, 2021). Afroedura pundomontana sp. nov. differs from other members of the A. bogerti group by a combination of the following characteristics (see Tables 5 - 6): midbody scale rows 78 - 82 (mean 79.5) (71 - 72 [mean 71.5] in A. otjihipa sp. nov., 65 - 67 [mean 66.0] in A. donveae, 69 - 77 [mean 73.5] in A. bogerti, 73 - 78 [mean 74.8] in A. praedicta, 73 - 88 [mean 79.5] in A. wulfhaackei, 73 - 86 [mean 80.3] in A. vazpintorum); by the supranasals always being in contact (~ 33 % of the time in A. bogerti; ~ 57 % in A. wulfhaackei; always in contact in A. donveae, A. vazpintorum, A. praedicta and A. otjihipa sp. nov.); each tail verticil comprising 4 - 5 (mean 4.4) ventral and 5 - 6 (mean 5.6) dorsal rows of scales (mean 4 ventral and 5 dorsal in A. bogerti, A. praedicta and A. wulfhaackei; 5 - 6 [mean 5.5] ventral and 6 - 7 [mean 6.6] dorsal in A. donveae; 5 - 6 [mean 5.0] ventral and 6 - 7 [mean 6.1] dorsal in A. vazpintorum; 5 ventral and 6 dorsal in A. otjihipa sp. nov.); ventral surfaces greyish with scattered small black spots (similar to A. bogerti, A. praedicta and A. wulfhaackei, immaculate in A. donveae, A. vazpintorum and A. otjihipa sp. nov.). Afroedura pundomontana sp. nov. differs from its sister highland species A. bogerti in having higher numbers of midbody scale counts (78 - 82 [mean 79.5] versus 73 - 78 [mean 74.8]), supranasals always in contact (versus ~ 33 % of the time), and the posterior scales of the dorsal W-shapes crossbars dark black (versus same colour as cross bands; Fig. 3); it differs from A. wulfhaackei in that the supranasals are always in contact (versus ~ 57 %).	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
C24ED644248F529D98C870875BCD4B61.taxon	description	Holotype description. Adult male; SVL 46.0 mm; tail 42.3 mm (detached full original tail). Small mid-ventral incision for removal of liver sample. Measurements and meristic characters of holotype are presented in Table 6. Head and body dorsoventrally compressed; HL 12.5 mm, HW 8.3 mm, broadest at posterior level of eye; head 1.51 times longer than wide. Eye large (2.6 mm wide), pupil vertical with indented margins; circumorbital scales small and smooth, elongate at upper anterior margin, upper three posterior scales with small upward pointing spines. Snout rounded, 4.9 mm long, longer than distance between eye and ear openings (3.8 mm). Scales on top of snout smooth, rounded; scales at the edge larger than central ones, with no intervening minute granules. Scales on snout slightly larger in size to those on the back of head or the nape. Scales on eyelids larger than those on the crown, six scales deep from circumorbital scale to crown. Circumorbital scales separated from the larger scales on the eyelids by two rows of smaller scales. Nostril pierced between first supralabial and three nasal scales; rostral excluded from nostril; 1 st supralabial narrowly excluded from nostril; supranasal much larger than the postnasals (which are about equal in size) and in broad contact. Nostrils slightly elevated. Rostral roughly rectangular but with the upper edges slightly elongated due to extensions to the supranasals. Eight supralabials on either side, the labial margin flexing upwards at the rictus (approx. midorbital position), with 3 - 4 minute scales proximal to the flexure. Nine infralabials on either side, with a small scale proximal to the flexure. At the lip, mental slightly narrower than adjacent infralabial; mental only two thirds the width of rostral (1.1 mm versus 1.8 mm respectively), and in contact with three rounded postmental scales. Scales on throat notably smaller than those on belly, but the scales touching the infralabials are larger. Fourteen scales across the crown at level of front of eyes; 18 scales from ear to eye; 83 scales around midbody. Ear opening deep, oblique and more-or-less round, nearly symmetrical (0.7 x 0.8 mm). Scales on dorsum smooth, closely set but juxtaposed, largest at mid-body, smaller on nape and tail base. Scales on venter flattened, not overlapping, more-or-less ovate at mid-ventrum, about twice the size of lateral granules and about 1.5 times larger than the scales along the backbone. Original tail slightly dorsoventrally flattened and distinctly verticillate (10 distinct verticils in total), with obvious lateral constrictions that become less distinct towards the tip of the tail; each verticil comprising 6 rows of imbricate scales dorsally and 4 rows of imbricate ventrally, with ventral scales approximately twice the size of those on the dorsal surface. Limbs well-developed, hindlimbs slightly longer than forelimbs, no notable mite pockets (dermal crevices inhabited by small ectoparasitic mites) at anterior or posterior margin of hind limbs. All digits with a large pair of distal scansors, separated by a large, curved claw, and followed after a large gap (twice the length of terminal scansor) by a smaller pair of scansors; infero-median row of digital scales enlarged transversely, particularly towards the scansors, where the terminal scale adjoining the first pair of scansors may be medially constricted, swollen and scansor-like; seven enlarged subdigital lamellae on 4 th toe.	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
C24ED644248F529D98C870875BCD4B61.taxon	distribution	Distribution and conservation. This species is currently known only from central Benguela Province, Angola (Fig. 2). It was collected at three localities in close proximity to one another, on the first elevation step of the Angolan escarpment, inland from the town of Lobito. The species may be more widely distributed as our predicted mapping indicates but, so far, surveys conducted on the coastal plain and elsewhere along the escarpment did not produce additional material. Even around the type locality, the species proved to be uncommon and quite difficult to find, partly due to the inaccessible topography, but apparently also due to scarcity of granite flakes. Populations in isolated granite outcrops may be threatened by removal of rock flakes for construction of homes and other buildings. In accordance with IUCN Red List Guidelines (IUCN 2022) we propose this species to be classified as Data Deficient (DD) at this stage.	en	Conradie, Werner, Schmitz, Andreas, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Becker, Francois S., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L. (2022): Rock island melody remastered: two new species in the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group from Angola and Namibia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2): 435-453, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.86299
