taxonID	type	description	language	source
AA7AFF66FFF0DD128EECFEDF6BC2D087.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 6) Description. Holotype male (Figs 1 – 4). Integument mostly dark brown; anterior region of anteclypeus and labrum dark yellowish brown; mandibles and palpomeres black; scape brown, slightly darker on some irregular areas; pedicel orangish; antennomeres III – IV orangish basally, gradually reddish brown toward dark brown apical quarter; antennomeres V – XI reddish brown, darker on apex of V. Central area of metaventrite black and sides dark reddish brown. Elytra blackish on humeral area, dark brown on remaining anterior surface, gradually brown on posterior half. Trochanters and base of femora orangish; meso- and metatibiae reddish brown on wide central area; tarsomeres I orangish brown, except dark-brown apex; tarsomeres II partially reddish brown basally. Central area of ventrites black, except reddish-brown apex. Head. Frons abundantly, finely punctate; with abundant pale yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence darker toward vertex; with one long, erect brown seta on each side close to eyes. Area between antennal tubercles and posterior margins of upper eye lobes abundantly, finely punctate, except smooth median groove; with abundant pale yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument between antennal tubercles, denser pubescence obscuring integument between eyes, except glabrous median groove; remaining surface of vertex with abundant pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence yellowish white close to median groove, absent close to prothorax, yellowish close to yellowish-white pubescence, and dark yellowish brown on remaining surface; with one long, erect brown seta on each side close to eyes. Area behind upper eye lobes with narrow yellow pubescent band close to eye, and abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, pubescence darker centrally toward vertex; area behind connection of eye lobes with dense yellow pubescence; area behind lower eye lobes with narrow pubescent band close to eye, and abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining surface, pubescence slightly sparser than behind upper eye lobes. Genae with abundant yellowish-white pubescence, and somewhat long, erect and arched dark setae interspersed toward ventral surface. Wide central area of postclypeus with somewhat abundant pale yellowish-brown setae, absent centrally, and yellow pubescence near sides close to frons; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with yellowish pubescence and long, erect dark setae interspersed close to anteclypeus, glabrous on remaining surface, except dense fringe of yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.32 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.64 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 1.8 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at apex of antennomere VII. Scape and pedicel with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument; pedicel with a few long, erect brown setae ventrally. Antennomeres III – IV with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument on anterior light area, sparser and yellowish white on dark apical area; with sparse, short, erect, thick black setae ventrally, more abundant apically; antennomere IV with sparse, short, thick black setae directed backward on remaining apex. Antennomeres V – XI with somewhat abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; antennomeres V – X with sparse, short, tick black setae directed backward; antennomere XI with abundant, short yellowish-white setae directed backward. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.05; pedicel = 0.12; IV = 0.75; V = 0.60; VI = 0.47; VII = 0.45; VIII = 0.37; IX = 0.37; X = 0.32; XI = 0.34. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; anterior constriction narrow, well-marked; sides with large, rounded projection centrally. Pronotum with large, slightly elevated gibbosity on each side, more elevated about middle of pronotum; densely, minutely punctate, except smooth longitudinal central area; with a few coarse punctures on each side near anterior margin and on each side of middle, and arched row of coarse punctures on posterior sixth; smooth longitudinal central area glabrous; with somewhat narrow pale-yellow pubescent band close to glabrous central area, pubescence paler from middle and widened, sparser close to posterior margin; with wide, longitudinal dark yellowish-brown pubescent band, from anterior to posterior margin on each side of pale-yellow pubescent band, pubescence slightly more brownish on posterior third; with abundant pale-yellow pubescence laterally partially obscuring integument, from anterior constriction to posterior third, not reaching lateral margin and gradually narrowed and more yellowish white from middle; and dense yellow pubescence on remaining surface, except dark pubescence on sides of posterior half close to sides of prothorax. Sides of prothorax with abundant dark yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, dark pubescence posteriorly close to pronotum and yellowish-white pubescence close to anterior margin. Prosternum with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument laterally, and abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument centrally, except glabrous margins close to procoxal cavities. Prosternal process glabrous on lateral margins, with abundant yellowish pubescence on remaining surface, except yellower pubescence close to glabrous margins and on posterior third; narrowest area 0.4 times procoxal width. Mesoventrite with sparse yellowish pubescence centrally, pubescence gradually denser and yellower toward sides. Mesanepisternum with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence close to mesoventrite, and dense dark-brown pubescence close to elytra; mesepimeron with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence. Mesoventral process with sides convergent toward sinuous apex; with abundant yellowish pubescence laterally and centrally, except glabrous margins, and abundant whitish pubescence on remaining surface; apex 0.6 times mesocoxal width. Metanepisternum with dense pale-yellow pubescence on anterior 2 / 3 and apex, and slightly sparser yellowish-white pubescence on remaining posterior third. Metaventrite densely, minutely punctate, except smooth metathoracic discrimen, with sparse, shallow punctures interspersed laterally; with dense pale-yellow pubescence laterally and anteriorly, except glabrous areas surrounding lateral punctures; central region of posterior half with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous metathoracic discrimen, and remaining surface with abundant grayish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Scutellum with sparse brownish pubescence, except somewhat sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior third. Elytra. Distinctly oblique between humerus and centrobasal crest; centrobasal crest elevated, with apex obliquely inclined toward its apex; apex strongly oblique, making outer angle triangularly projected; with distinct longitudinal carina from apex of centrobasal crest to apex of outer angle; abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior half, punctures denser close to longitudinal carina, gradually finer and sparser on posterior half, punctures forming longitudinal row between dorsal carina and suture; with large, slightly oblique brown pubescent band on middle, reaching superior region of sides and reaching dorsal carina; with somewhat small, strongly oblique brownish macula close to dorsal carina on posterior quarter; with large, semicircular brownish pubescent macula on sides of posterior third; with irregular brownish pubescent macula on sides of posterior sixth; with two rows of brownish pubescent spots, innermost from anterior sixth to strongly oblique brownish pubescent macula close to carina, and outermost on sides of dorsal surface, from humerus to wide brown pubescent band; area between apex of centrobasal crests with arched yellowish-brown pubescent band; superior area of large brown pubescent band with dense yellow pubescence on outer side; central region between carina and suture with dense yellow pubescence, and remaining surface between carina and suture with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument; remaining surface of anterior half mostly with yellowishwhite pubescence, obscuring integument on some areas, except distinctly white pubescent spots between brownish spots; remaining surface of posterior half mostly with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument; epipleural margin with a few short, erect, thick dark-brown setae. Legs. Femora sparsely, coarsely, shallowly punctate; with abundant whitish pubescence on basal third of sides and ventral surface, and abundant yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, except glabrous areas surrounding punctures. Protibiae with abundant yellowish pubescence on anterior half not obscuring integument, yellowish-brown on posterior half, except ventral surface of posterior half with dense, bristly dark yellowish-brown pubescence. Mesotibiae with abundant yellowish pubescence about anterior half, pubescence sparser on sides of remaining surface, dense, bristly dark yellowish-brown on posterior quarter of ventral surface, and abundant, short, erect, both dark yellowish-brown and black setae on remaining dorsal surface; with sparse, short, erect dark setae interspersed on anterior half. Metatibiae with yellowish-white pubescence on anterior third, dense pale-yellow pubescence centrally, sparse, decumbent, thick dark yellowish-brown setae on posterior third, except bristly yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior third of ventral surface; with sparse, short, erect dark setae interspersed, more abundant on dorsal surface of posterior third. Metatarsomere I longer than II – III together. Abdomen. Ventrites with dense pale-yellow pubescence laterally, except fringe of yellow pubescence on apex of ventrites 1 – 4, sparse yellowish-white pubescence on central region of ventrites 1 – 4, except glabrous apex of ventrites 2 and 4, and sparse yellowish pubescence on center of ventrite 5; apex of ventrite 5 concave, apices spiniform. Female (Figs 5 – 6). Similar to male, differing by the stouter body and antennae shorter, 1.5 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at about middle of antennomere IX. Dimensions (mm) (Holotype male / paratype male / paratype female). Total length, 7.50 / 8.75 / 9.40; prothoracic length, 1.35 / 1.55 / 1.50; anterior prothoracic width, 1.45 / 1.60 / 1.75; posterior prothoracic width, 1.70 / 1.80 / 2.00; maximum prothoracic width, 2.00 / 2.25 / 2.35; humeral width, 2.90 / 3.20 / 3.65; elytral length, 5.70 / 6.45 / 7.05.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF0DD128EECFEDF6BC2D087.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Napo: Papallacta, 3300 m, 16. VI. 2021, J. Vlasak leg. (MZSP). Paratype male, same data as holotype (JVCO). Paratype female, same data as holotype, except 3400 m, 28. IX. 2021 (JVCO).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF0DD128EECFEDF6BC2D087.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ obliquum ” (from Latin, meaning “ sloping ” or “ slanted ”) refers to the oblique dark elytral band.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF0DD128EECFEDF6BC2D087.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nealcidion obliquum sp. nov. belongs to the group of species with a distinct dorsal elytral carina. The pronotal and elytral pubescent pattern clearly distinguishes N. obliquum sp. nov. from other known species of the genus (see photographs on Bezark 2022).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF5DD118EECFE006881D06A.taxon	description	(Figs 7 – 11) Description. Holotype male. Frons and area behind eyes dark brown; antennal tubercles brown, except dark-brown spot on dorsal base; vertex brown, darker than on antennal tubercle; genae dark brown, slightly lighter toward apex and clypeus; ventral surface of head dark brown laterally, gradually brown toward center; ventral mouthparts mostly reddish brown; anteclypeus mostly dark yellowish brown, with irregular reddish-brown areas interspersed; labrum dark brown on center of posterior half, dark reddish brown on sides of posterior half, yellowish brown on anterior half; scape, pedicel, and antennomere III brown, lighter depending on light intensity, except darker apex; antennomeres IV – VI reddish brown, more dark orangish brown depending on light intensity, except darker apex; antennomeres VIII – XI reddish brown. Pronotum dark brown, except brown area close to anterior and posterior margins, and several irregular black maculae, the innermost forming irregular row on each side of middle. Sides of prothorax dark brown. Prosternum, prosternal process, mesoventrite, mesoventral process, and center of metaventrite brown, more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity, except blackish margins; mesanepisternum, mesepimeron, metanepisternum, and sides of metaventrite dark brown. Scutellum light brown, except blackish sides of anterior half. Elytra brown basally, mostly dark brown on remaining anterior 2 / 3, gradually lighter toward apex on posterior quarter; with three large, irregular black maculae, one oblique, located on anterior quarter from centrobasal crest to near suture, including the centrobasal crest, one laterally on middle of elytra, another longitudinal, located on center of dorsal surface after middle of elytra. Coxae blackish basally, gradually dark yellowish brown toward trochanter; trochanters and femoral peduncles pale yellow; femoral clubs greenish, except dark greenish-brown maculae near base of dorsal surface and outer surface. Tibiae brown with wide pale-yellow ring centrally, not reaching ventral surface on protibiae. Tarsomeres I orangish except blackish posterior region, dark area longer on protarsomere I; tarsomeres II – III blackish, except reddish brown apices of lobes of III; tarsomere IV and anterior 2 / 3 of V light reddish brown, and posterior third of V blackish. Ventrites mostly reddish brown with irregular dark-brown areas interspersed. Head. Frons abundantly, minutely punctate; with abundant greenish pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous median groove, and one long, erect brown seta on each side close to eyes. Vertex and area behind upper eye lobes with dense yellowish-green pubescence obscuring integument, except glabrous median groove, glabrous diamond-shaped central area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes, and dark-brown pubescent macula on each side close to base of antennal tubercles. Antennal tubercles with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence more greenish basally. Area behind lower eye lobes with dense yellowish-green pubescence close to eye, pubescence slightly sparser toward ventral surface, glabrous close to prothorax. Area bordering anterior margin of upper eye lobes with dense yellowish-green pubescence. Genae with yellowish-green pubescence close to eye, pubescence gradually sparser toward clypeus and toward glabrous apex; with a few long, erect dark setae interspersed. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except depressed anterocentral region with abundant pale brownish-yellow pubescence and long, erect dark setae interspersed. Wide central are of postclypeus with abundant greenish pubescence close to frons, and sparse pubescence of same color close to anteclypeus, except subglabrous sides; with long, erect setae interspersed, setae black basally, gradually pale toward apex. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with sparse yellowish-white pubescence on posterior half, pubescence yellower laterally, glabrous on anterior half, except fringe of golden setae on anterior margin; with long, erect setae interspersed on posterior half, setae blackish basally, gradually paler toward apex. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.12 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.53 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.35 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at base of antennomere VI. Scape with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence denser ventrally; with erect black setae ventrally, setae sparse and short on anterior half, longer and abundant on posterior half. Pedicel with abundant yellowish-white pubescence on anterior 2 / 3, sparser on posterior third, especially dorsally; with a few long, erect black setae ventrally. Antennomeres with minute whitish pubescence not obscuring integument, and short, both decumbent and erect yellowish-white setae interspersed; antennomeres III – V with sparse, short black setae interspersed, dark gradually sparser toward V and denser on apex of III; ventral apex of antennomeres VI – VII with a few short black setae; apex of antennomere XI with abundant, short yellowish-white setae directed backward. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.95; pedicel = 0.09; IV = 0.84; V = 0.72; VI = 0.63; VII = 0.52; VIII = 0.52; IX = 0.49; X = 0.45; XI = 0.48. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides with rounded projection about middle. Pronotum with slightly elevated gibbosity on each side of anterior third and elongated, slightly elevated gibbosity on center of posterior half; somewhat sparsely, coarsely punctate, punctures absent on gibbosities, coarser and denser on sides of anterior half; with dense yellowish-green pubescence, except sparser and paler yellowish-green pubescence close to anterior and posterior margins, glabrous on top of central gibbosity, abundant and black on anterolateral gibbosities, and sparser and dark brown on remaining dark areas; with a few long, erect dark setae near posterolateral angles. Sides of prothorax sparsely, coarsely punctate; with dense yellowish-green pubescence with irregular brownish pubescent maculae and subglabrous areas interspersed. Prosternum with dense yellowish-green pubescence laterally, gradually sparser and slightly yellowish toward central area. Prosternal process with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; narrowest area 0.34 times procoxal width. Mesoventrite with somewhat sparse yellowish-white pubescence and sides with dense yellow pubescence. Mesanepisternum, mesepimeron, and metanepisternum with dense greenish pubescence, pubescence slightly sparser on center of mesanepisternum. Sides of metaventrite with dense greenish pubescence, except anterior third with slightly sparser greenish pubescence; central area with abundant yellowishwhite pubescence partially obscuring integument, pubescence longer than on sides. Scutellum with somewhat dense yellowish-green pubescence on center of anterior half, sparser, yellowish on center of posterior half and entire apex, and dark-brown pubescence on sides of anterior 2 / 3. Elytra. Centrobasal crest elevated, oblique anteriorly, slightly rounded on remaining surface, abruptly inclined apically, and with somewhat abundant, suberect black setae dorsally; humeral carina well marked from near humerus to posterior third; with slightly tumid longitudinal band from apex of centrobasal crest to posterior quarter, not forming a distinct carina; apex widely concave, with outer angle forming long triangular projection and sutural angle forming short and wide triangular projection; abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior third, punctures gradually finer and sparser toward apex on posterior 2 / 3; with dense yellowish-green pubescence, pubescence dense and slightly yellower dorsally, forming a band from near humerus to posterior blackish longitudinal macula; dorsal area of humeral region with sparser brownish pubescence; sides of anterior third with large brownish pubescent macula laterally; posterior third with abundant, irregular, both small and large brownish pubescent maculae interspersed, area between humeral carina and epipleural margin with both yellowish-green and brownish pubescence interspersed from anterior fifth to after middle; dark integumental maculae with black pubescence, pubescence denser on longitudinal black integumental band located after middle; epipleural margin with sparse, short, erect yellowish-white setae. Legs. Femoral peduncles with abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument; femoral clubs with dense greenish-yellow pubescence, except sparser, brownish pubescence on darker integumental area, with decumbent yellowish setae interspersed. Protibiae with greenish-yellow pubescence basally on dorsal and lateral surfaces, glabrous basally on ventral surface, with sparse yellowish pubescence on remaining dark basal third, pubescence almost absent dorsally, with abundant yellowishwhite pubescence on pale-yellow ring, and sparse brownish pubescence on posterior dark area, except posterior quarter of dorsal surface with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, yellowish-brown pubescence on apex of sides, and dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence on ventral surface of posterior half. Mesotibiae with dense yellow pubescence basally, brownish pubescence with short, decumbent yellowish setae interspersed on remaining basal third, with dense yellowish-white pubescence on pale-yellow ring, and brownish pubescence with decumbent yellowish setae interspersed on posterior dark area, except dorsal surface with abundant, thick black setae, and posterior quarter of ventral surface with abundant, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence, and lateral area close to dorsal sulcus with whitish pubescence; with sparse small tubercles on ventral surface. Metatibiae with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument basally, both brownish and yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining basal dark area, abundant whitish pubescence on central pale-yellow ring, and somewhat abundant, short, erect, thick black setae on posterior dark area, except ventral surface with brownish pubescence, gradually bristly and yellowish brown toward apex. Metatarsomere I almost twice length II – III together. Abdomen. Ventrites with dense yellowish pubescence laterally, more yellowish green depending on light intensity, slightly sparser on ventrite 5, and abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument centrally; apex of ventrite 5 concave. Female. Similar to male, differing by body stouter, femoral clubs slightly narrower, and antennae shorter, 2.2 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at about middle of antennomere VI. Dimensions (mm) (Holotype male / paratype male / paratype female). Total length, 9.75 / 8.60 / 9.40; prothoracic length, 1.65 / 1.40 / 1.35; anterior prothoracic width, 1.65 / 1.55 / 1.70; posterior prothoracic width, 2.00 / 1.85 / 2.05; maximum prothoracic width, 2.35 / 2.15 / 2.35; humeral width, 3.30 / 2.95 / 3.30; elytral length, 7.00 / 6.25 / 7.05.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF5DD118EECFE006881D06A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Pichincha: Cascadas de Nambillo, 1400 m, Mindo, 20. VI. 2021, J. Vlasak leg. (MZSP). Paratype male and paratype female, same data as holotype (JVCO).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF5DD118EECFE006881D06A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ flavoviride ” (from Latin flavus (yellow) and viridis (green )) refers to the yellowish-green pubescence of this species.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF5DD118EECFE006881D06A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nealcidion flavoviride sp. nov. belongs to the group of species without a distinct longitudinal carina on dorsal surface of the elytra. The conspicuous yellowish-green pubescence clearly distinguishes it from other known species of the genus.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF6DD1D8EECFE6C6851D332.taxon	description	(Figs 12 – 16) Description. Holotype male. Head capsule black, except brownish apex of antennal tubercles; ventral mouthparts reddish brown, except palpomeres dark brown with apex reddish brown; scape brown on anterior 2 / 3, dark brown on posterior third; pedicel mostly dark brown; antennomeres III – IV dark reddish brown basally, brown dorsally, this area darker on III, dark reddish brown laterally and ventrally, except posterior blackish posterior eight of III and posterior seventh of IV; antennomeres V – VII orangish basally, reddish brown on remaining surface, except dark-brown posterior quarter, anterior 3 / 4 of VII slightly lighter; antennomeres VIII – XI orangish about basal third, gradually reddish brown toward dark-brown posterior quarter. Pronotum brown, except dark-brown anterior fifth and posterior margin, small dark-brown spots surrounding some punctures laterally and large, black H-shaped macula centrally. Sides of prothorax brown, except small dark brown maculae anteriorly. Prosternum dark brown laterally and on anterior margin, gradually dark reddish brown toward center; prosternal process reddish brown, somewhat orangish brown on lateral margins. Mesanepisternum, mesepimeron, and metanepisternum dark brown. Mesoventrite reddish-brown. Mesoventral process dark reddish brown, except orangish-brown margins. Metaventrite mostly blackish, with anterocentral region dark reddish brown, except orangish-brown margins of intercoxal process. Scutellum brown on anterocentral triangular region, blackish on remaining surface. Elytra dark brown on anterior sixth and laterally from base to posterior seventh, except irregular black maculae, black maculae denser between centrobasal crests, almost forming a rectangular black macula, and black spots surrounding punctures, brown on remaining anterior 2 / 3 of dorsal surface, and brownish on remaining posterior third. Femoral peduncles pale yellow; femoral clubs dark brown. Tibiae dark brown, except orangish central ring. Protarsomere I orangish brown on basal half, dark brown on apical half; meso- and metatarsomere I orangish brown on basal 2 / 3, dark brown on apical third; tarsomeres II – III dark brown; tarsomeres IV and basal half of V orangish brown, and remaining surface of V dark brown. Ventrites 1 – 4 orangish brown laterally, reddish brown centrally, except orangish brown posterocentral area; ventrite 5 dark brown on anterolateral third, reddish brown on remaining surface. Head. Frons abundantly, minutely punctate; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence denser laterally and close to clypeus, except glabrous median groove; with a few long, erect brownish setae close to eyes. Antennal tubercles abundantly minutely punctate; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes with large, smooth and glabrous diamond-shaped area centrally; remaining surface of vertex with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous median groove, and dark-brown pubescent macula on each side of median groove close to prothorax; with a few long, erect brownish setae close to eyes. Area behind eyes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous inferior area close to prothorax; with a few long, erect brownish setae interspersed close to upper eye lobe. Genae with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous apex; with one long, erect brownish seta close to eye. Wide central area of postclypeus with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, slightly sparser close to anteclypeus, and long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with somewhat sparse yellowish-white pubescence on posterior half, glabrous on anterior half, except fringe of yellowishbrown setae on anterior margin; with long, erect brownish setae interspersed on anterior region of pubescent area. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except depressed anterocentral region with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.15 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.52 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.90 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex slightly after middle of antennomere V. Scape with abundant yellowish pubescence partially obscuring integument, pubescence more yellowish-brown depending on light intensity and source, except brownish pubescence on dorsal surface of posterior third, and yellower pubescence on apex of dorsal and lateral surfaces; with sparse long, erect both dark-brown and yellowish-brown setae on anterior 3 / 4 of ventral surface, and dense, long, erect dark-brown setae on posterior quarter of ventral surface. Pedicel mostly with brownish pubescence dorsally and laterally, yellowish ventrally; with a few long, erect dark yellowish-brown setae ventrally. Antennomere III – IV with pale-yellow pubescence basally and yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining surface, except brownish pubescence on apical dark integumental area, pubescence appearing to be darker dorsally due to the integument color, and denser ventrally on III; with sparse, short yellowish setae interspersed throughout; with long, erect dark yellowish-brown setae interspersed ventrally, sparser on IV, and denser apically on both antennomeres. Antennomeres V – VI with dense yellowish-white pubescence basally, sparse, yellowish white on remaining surface, except sparse dark pubescence on apical dark integumental area; with short, erect yellowish setae interspersed throughout and a few long, erect dark setae on ventral apex. Antennomeres VII – XI with sparse yellowish-white setae and short, erect setae of same color interspersed. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.85; pedicel = 0.09; IV = 0.89; V = 0.78; VI = 0.64; VII = 0.55; VIII = 0.59; IX = 0.61; X = 0.61; XI = 0.64. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides rounded between anterior and posterior fifths. Pronotum with elongated gibbosity on each side of middle, from anterior to posterior quarter, elevated anteriorly, gradually lower toward posterior quarter; somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate anteriorly and posteriorly, sparsely, coarsely punctate laterally, and sparsely, finely punctate centrally close to coarse posterior punctures; with abundant pale-yellow pubescence anteriorly and laterally, except somewhat L-shaped brownish pubescent macula on each side of middle; with abundant blackish pubescence on H-shaped black macula, and pale-yellow pubescence on remaining central area, pubescence more yellowish-brown toward center of H-shaped black macula; with a few long, erect brownish setae interspersed on posterior third. Sides of prothorax with dense pale-yellow pubescence, except brown pubescence on dark integumental areas. Prosternum with dense pale-yellow pubescence laterally, slightly sparser, yellowish white on remaining surface. Prosternal process with pubescence as on central area of prosternum, except glabrous lateral margins; narrowest area 0.42 times procoxal width. Mesoventrite with sparse yellowish-white pubescence centrally, denser yellowish-brown laterally. Mesanepisternum and mesepimeron with dense yellowish-brown pubescence. Mesoventral process mostly glabrous centrally, laterally, and on posterior quarter; with somewhat abundant whitish pubescence on remaining surface, not obscuring integument; apex truncate, 0.68 times mesocoxal width. Metanepisternum with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, and decumbent yellowish-white setae interspersed. Sides of metaventrite with dense pale-yellow pubescence, except posterior 2 / 3 close to metanepisternum with pubescence more yellowish-brown; remaining surface with abundant pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence gradually yellowish white toward center. Scutellum with dense pale-yellow pubescence on light integumental area, and minute, dense dark-brown pubescence on remaining surface. Elytra. Sides gradually convergent toward slightly obliquely truncate apex; centrobasal crest (Fig. 16) elongated, elevated, with dense, long, erect black setae dorsally; with two slightly distinct longitudinal carinae dorsally, fused on posterior sixth, innermost starting on centrobasal crest, outermost starting basally close to humerus; humeral carina slightly marked; abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior third, punctures gradually finer, sparser toward apex. With two large, light yellowish-brown pubescent maculae dorsally: anterior one from apex of centrobasal crest to after middle, from suture to slightly after center of dorsal surface, slightly widened on its central region, with irregular yellowish-brown pubescent maculae about its middle, with brownish pubescent spots interspersed close to suture, and two dark-brown pubescent spots on innermost carina; posterior one on posterior third, parallel-sided on its anterior 2 / 3, widened, covering entire apex on its posterior third. Remaining elytral surface with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except dark integumental maculae and spots with dark-brown pubescence or somewhat glabrous, short, longitudinal white pubescent band close to center of anterior light yellowish-brown macula, and sparse white pubescent spots on posterior 2 / 3 of humeral carina. Epipleural margin with a few short, erect, both yellowish and dark setae, dorsal area close to apex with a few long, erect dark setae, and apical margin with sparse yellowish setae. Legs. Femoral peduncles with abundant whitish pubescence; femoral clubs with abundant yellowish pubescence, slightly darker depending on light intensity, except large yellowish-brown pubescent band on posterior half of dorsal and lateral surfaces, not reaching apex, and large yellowish-brown pubescent macula with yellowish pubescence interspersed on dorsal base. Protibiae with small triangular projection on center of outer margin of ventral surface; with yellowish-brown pubescent ring basally, yellowish-white pubescent ring centrally; anterior area between pubescent rings mostly with brownish pubescence; remaining surface with yellowish-brown pubescence dorsally, mostly dark brown laterally, and dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence ventrally. Meso- and metatibiae with yellowish-white pubescent ring basally and centrally, mostly with brownish pubescence on remaining surface, except ventral surface of posterior third with dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence; dorsal surface of posterior half of mesotibiae with dense, erect, thick black setae; dorsal surface of metatibiae with abundant, short, erect dark setae on posterior half close to central light ring. Metatarsomere I as long as II – III together. Abdomen. Ventrites 1 – 4 with dense pale-yellow pubescence laterally, slightly sparser, yellowish white centrally, except glabrous central apex of 2 – 4; ventrite 5 with abundant yellowish-white pubescence; apex of ventrite 5 concave, with outer apices not spiniform. Female. Similar to male, differing primarily by the apex of ventrite 5 rounded and the last tergite acutely projected, covered with short thick setae, surpassing the apex of ventrite 5 by about the length of ventrite 3; in addition, the female body is stouter, femoral clubs slightly narrower, and antennae slightly shorter, 2.6 times elytral length. Dimensions (mm) (Holotype male / paratype female). Total length, 9.70 / 10.45; prothoracic length, 1.60 / 1.70; anterior prothoracic width, 2.00 / 2.05; posterior prothoracic width, 2.45 / 2.65; maximum prothoracic width, 2.60 / 2.80; humeral width, 3.90 / 4.40; elytral length, 7.15 / 7.90.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF6DD1D8EECFE6C6851D332.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Pichincha: 1300 m, Nanegal, 27. IX. 2021, J. Vlasak leg. (MZSP). Paratype female, same data as holotype (JVCO).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF6DD1D8EECFE6C6851D332.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ cephaliferum ” (from Greek “ cephalos, ” meaning head, with Latin suffix “ ferum ”, meaning bearing) refers to the large, head-shaped light-colored macula in the center of elytra.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFF6DD1D8EECFE6C6851D332.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nealcidion cephaliferum sp. nov. belongs to the group of species without a distinct longitudinal carina on the dorsal surface of the elytra. It is similar to N. lineatum (Bates, 1863) (Figs 17 – 21; see also photographs on Bezark 2022), but differs as follows: body (Fig. 12) stouter; centrobasal crest of the elytra (Fig. 16) longer, about as long as metatarsomere I; innermost longitudinal carina of the elytra slightly distinct; elytral apex truncate; and protibiae with triangular projection on middle of outer margin of ventral surface. In N. lineatum, the body is slender (Figs 20 – 21), dark central areas of the pronotum are slender, centrobasal crest of the elytra is much shorter than metatarsomere I, innermost longitudinal carina of the elytra is well-marked, elytral apex is slightly concave, with outer angles projected, and protibiae in male are without triangular projection ventrally.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFADD188EECFD946D3CD75E.taxon	description	(Figs 23 – 27) Description. Holotype male. Integument mostly black; ventral mouthparts reddish brown, except palpomeres mostly black; anteclypeus partially pale; labrum dark brown posteriorly, dark yellowish brown anteriorly; scape and pedicel dark brown, lighter depending on light intensity; antennomeres III – VII dark reddish brown except darkbrown apex, blacker on III; antennomeres VIII – X orangish brown, except brown apex; antennomere XI orangish brown, slightly darker apically. Elytra dark brown anteriorly and on sides, brown between innermost dorsal carina and suture from apex of anterior quarter to apex. Femora dark brown; tibiae dark brown except dark reddish-brown central ring; protarsomere I dark reddish brown basally; meso- and metatarsomere I reddish brown on basal 2 / 3; meso- and metatarsomere IV and basal 2 / 3 of V dark reddish brown. Apex of ventrites 1 – 4 yellowish brown; posterior quarter of ventrite 5 dark reddish brown. Head. Frons abundantly, minutely punctate, except one coarse puncture close to each eye, from which emerges a long, erect brownish seta, and smooth diamond-shaped central area located superiorly; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence partially brownish on wide, oblique band on each side of median groove, from about middle to antennal tubercles, except glabrous median groove and diamondshaped central area. Antennal tubercles abundantly, minutely punctate; with abundant brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, with yellowish short and decumbent setae interspersed on basal area of frontal surface and part of dorsal surface, and abundant yellow pubescence on remaining surface. Area between antennal tubercles with dark-brown pubescence laterally, and abundant yellow pubescence centrally, except smooth median groove; area between antennal tubercles and superior region of upper eye lobes with abundant yellow pubescence, except glabrous median groove and triangular-shaped central area; remaining surface of vertex with large, subtriangular dark-brown pubescent macula on each side, and pale-yellow pubescent band on each side of glabrous median groove; with long, erect yellowish-white setae interspersed close to eyes. Area behind upper eye lobes and superior 2 / 3 of lower eye lobes with dense yellow pubescence, except glabrous, subtriangular area behind superior third of lower eye lobe, not reaching eye; remaining surface behind lower eye lobes with yellowish pubescence close to eye, this area distinctly narrower than area with yellow pubescence, glabrous close to prothorax. Genae with sparse yellowish pubescence, and a few long, erect setae interspersed, setae dark brown basally, gradually paler toward apex. Wide central area of postclypeus with somewhat abundant yellowish-brown pubescence close to frons, sparser, bristly close to anteclypeus; with long, erect yellowish-brown setae interspersed laterally, and one very long, erect seta on each side, setae dark brown basally, gradually yellowish toward apex. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with yellowish pubescence posteriorly, not obscuring integument, glabrous anteriorly, except yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin; posterior region of pubescent area with long, erect yellowish-brown setae interspersed, some setae dark brown basally. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except depressed anterocentral region with sparse yellowish-white pubescence. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.19 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.51 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.7 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at apex of antennomere V. Scape (Fig. 24) distinctly widened from basal region on inner surface; flattened on anterior 3 / 4 of dorsal surface; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, except dark-brown pubescence with short, decumbent yellowish-white setae interspersed on inner anterior 2 / 3 of dorsal surface and transverse band on dorsal surface near apex; ventral surface with somewhat abundant, short, erect yellowish-brown setae, erect setae longer and more abundant close to apex. Pedicel with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, except apex with brown pubescence; ventral surface with a few long, erect brown setae. Antennomere III arched; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, except inner surface with sparse pubescence between anterior eighth and base of posterior quarter, and posterior eighth with dark-brown pubescence; ventral surface with long, erect yellowish-brown setae, denser apically. Antennomeres IV – VI with abundant yellowish-white pubescence basally, yellowish-brown pubescence close to dark-brown pubescent area on posterior quarter; antennomeres IV – V with sparse, long, erect yellowish-brown setae ventrally, setae sparser on V. Antennomeres VII – XI with abundant yellowish-white pubescence basally, somewhat abundant light yellowish brown on remaining surface, except sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on apical region of VII – X. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.90; pedicel = 0.10; IV = 0.77; V = 0.60; VI = 0.59; VII = 0.57; VIII = 0.57; IX = 0.57; X = 0.56; XI = 0.52. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides uniformly rounded centrally. Pronotum with large, longitudinal, slightly elevated gibbosity on each side of central region, from anterior fifth to posterior quarter; finely, sparsely punctate on anterior third, with one fine puncture close to outer side of each gibbosity, located slightly after middle, arched row of fine punctures on center of posterior third, one somewhat coarse puncture on each side of posterior third, and irregular row of coarse deep punctures on posterior sixth; anterior 2 / 3 of gibbosities with abundant black pubescence; with small dark-brown pubescent spot on posterior third of gibbosities, fused with previous dark pubescent region on left gibbosity; with arched, transverse dark-brown pubescent band on each side of middle of posterior third; with inverted 4 - shaped dark-brown pubescent macula on each side, from slightly before middle to posterior quarter, more irregular on left side; with short, slightly oblique dark-brown pubescent band on each side below 4 - shaped pubescent macula, pubescence very sparse; with somewhat circular brown pubescent ring on each side, from anterior quarter to slightly after middle; with dark-brown pubescence with yellow pubescence interspersed on each side of anterior fifth; with abundant pale yellowish-brown pubescence between gibbosities, except glabrous spot on each side of anterior region, glabrous subelliptical central area on posterior 1 / 3, and subglabrous longitudinal central area on anterior half; remaining surface with dense yellow pubescence, including oblique band on posterior region of gibbosities, except wide central area of posterior quarter mostly with sparser yellowish-white pubescence. Sides of prothorax with dense yellow pubescence and both large and small dark-brown pubescent maculae interspersed. Prosternum with abundant yellow pubescence laterally, sparser, slightly yellowish centrally, except almost glabrous narrow anterior region. Sides of prosternal process strongly convergent from base to posterior quarter, then strongly widened; narrowest area 0.34 times procoxal width; with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, sparser laterally and apically. Mesoventrite with sparse yellowish-white pubescence on wide central region, dense, yellowish on superior region of sides, dense, yellowish brown on posterior region of sides, almost glabrous between these two areas. Mesanepisternum and mesepimeron with dense yellow pubescence internally, brown, with yellowish pubescence interspersed externally. Mesoventral process slightly, longitudinally carinate centrally; narrowly sulcate laterally close to margins; truncate apically; with somewhat abundant yellowish pubescence, except mostly glabrous sides; apex 0.54 times mesocoxal width. Metanepisternum with dense yellow pubescence, with darkbrown pubescent maculae interspersed. Sides of metaventrite with abundant dark-brown and yellow pubescence interspersed, pubescence mostly yellow apically; remaining surface with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous metathoracic discrimen, and posterocentral region with longer and yellower pubescence. Scutellum excavated centroapically; with longitudinal yellowish-brown pubescent band centrally and dense black pubescence laterally. Elytra. Distinctly inclined anteriorly from base to base of centrobasal crest; centrobasal crest elevated, with posterior region not distinctly separated from the innermost longitudinal carina, but shorter than metatarsomere I, with dense, decumbent black setae dorsally; innermost longitudinal carina ending near elytral apex; outermost longitudinal dorsal carina distinct from anterior fifth to about posterior quarter; humeral carina distinct only from anterior quarter, ending about posterior fifth; apex obliquely truncate; with short, transverse straw-colored pubescent band basally close to scutellum, not reaching humerus; with longitudinal strawcolored pubescent band from apex of transverse yellowish-brown pubescent band to centrobasal crest, following fragmented by brown pubescent spots toward quadrilateral large macula before middle on innermost longitudinal carina; with longitudinal straw-colored pubescent band from base to quadrilateral large macula before middle on outermost longitudinal carina, fragmented by black pubescent spots; with dense, oblique straw-colored quadrilateral pubescent maculae between longitudinal carinae, located about middle of elytra; with longitudinal straw-colored pubescent band from apex of anterior third to base of posterior third, located near humeral carina, fragmented by black pubescent spots; with longitudinal straw-colored pubescent band along humeral carina, from base to near apex, fragmented by black pubescent spots; with longitudinal pale straw-colored pubescent band on epipleural margin, fragmented by almost glabrous spots; with dense, oblique, quadrilateral straw-colored pubescent macula on anterior third, from innermost longitudinal carina to suture; with somewhat abundant yellowish pubescence between centrobasal crests; with dark yellowish-brown pubescence, with dark-brown pubescent spots interspersed, from apex of centrobasal crest to base of first quadrilateral straw-colored pubescent macula, between innermost longitudinal carina and suture; with dense, subdiamond-shaped straw-colored pubescent macula on posterior third, with its center on innermost longitudinal carina; with dense straw-colored pubescence macula on posterior fifth, entirely covering apex and gradually narrowed toward its anterior region; with longitudinal, fragmented straw-colored pubescent band along suture, pubescence lighter toward elytral apex; with large, irregular black pubescent macula close to posterior quadrilateral pubescent macula; with irregular black pubescent macula on posterior quarter, partially on innermost longitudinal carina; remaining surface mostly with yellowish-brown pubescence, darker toward central region, lighter toward sides. Legs. Femora with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, except two irregular areas with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior half of protibiae, one on inner side, another ventrally, and three similar areas on meso- and metafemoral clubs, one dorsally on base, one on posterior half, covering dorsal surface and superior region of sides, another ventrally on posterior half. Tibiae with abundant yellowish pubescence, except two areas on protibiae with sparse pubescence, one on anterior third dorsally and on part of sides, another, larger, after middle dorsally and laterally, area with sparse pubescence on anterior third of meso- and metatibiae, dorsally and laterally, inner side of posterior half of meso- and metatibiae with sparse pubescence, and remaining surface of meso- and metatibiae with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior region of ventral surface; posterior half of dorsal surface of mesotibiae with abundant, short, erect, thick yellowish-brown setae; inner posterior half of mesotibiae with sparse, short, thick, erect yellowish-brown setae; posterior half of metatibiae with somewhat abundant, short, erect, thick yellowish-brown setae dorsally and laterally. Metatarsomere I longer than II – III together. Abdomen. Ventrites with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, less so on ventrite 5, slightly sparser, more yellowish white centrally, except glabrous apex of ventrites 1 – 4; apex of ventrite 5 concave, not spiniform laterally. Dimensions (mm). Total length, 9.10; prothoracic length, 1.65; anterior prothoracic width, 1.90; posterior prothoracic width, 2.30; maximum prothoracic width, 2.55; humeral width, 3.65; elytral length, 6.50.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFADD188EECFD946D3CD75E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Napo: 1400 m, 10 km N Wawa Sumaco, 30. IX. 2021, J. Vlasak leg. (MZSP).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFADD188EECFD946D3CD75E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ sublineatum ” (Latin prefix “ sub, ” meaning almost or nearly, and the Latin adjective “ lineatum, ” meaning lined) refers to the similarity with N. lineatum.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFADD188EECFD946D3CD75E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nealcidion sublineatum sp. nov. belongs to the group of species with a distinct longitudinal carina on the dorsal surface of the elytra. It is similar to N. lineatum (Figs 17 – 21) but differs as follows: body proportionally wider (Fig. 22); elytra more distinctly narrowed from middle; elytral apex with outer angle not acutely projected, and sutural angle not projected; prosternal process narrower, narrowest area 0.34 times procoxal width; mesoventral process narrower, apical width 0.54 times mesocoxal width. In N. lineatum, the body is proportionally more slender (Figs 20 – 21), elytra are more parallel-sided from base to about posterior third, elytral apex with outer angle acutely projected and sutural angle projected, prosternal process in males is wider, narrowest area 0.46 times procoxal width, mesoventral process in males is wider, apical width 0.60 times mesocoxal width.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFFDD058EECF945681BD3E6.taxon	description	(Figs 28 – 38) Description. Holotype male (Figs 28 – 32, 36 – 38). Integument mostly dark brown, blackish on some areas; ventral mouthparts reddish brown, except most of basal area of palpomeres black; anteclypeus reddish brown with irregular dark-brown areas interspersed; labrum dark yellowish brown; antennomere III brownish, more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity, except dark-brown apical area; antennomeres IV – VI reddish brown except dark-brown apical area, reddish-brown and dark-brown areas lighter toward X; antennomeres VII – XI orangish brown, except brown apical area of VII – X, and brownish area near apex on XI. Mesoventrite and mesoventral process brown, more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity. Scutellum dark brown centrally, black laterally. Elytra blackish on anterior third and entire sides, gradually lighter toward reddish-brown apex along wide area close to suture. Pro- and mesofemoral peduncles orangish; metafemoral peduncle reddish brown; femoral clubs mostly dark brown; Tibiae with wide dark orangish-brown ring about middle and apical quarter, except ventral surface of metatibiae entirely orangish brown on posterior 2 / 3; tarsomeres I – II dark reddish brown, except dark-brown apex; tarsomeres III mostly dark reddish brown; tarsomeres IV – V dark orangish brown, except apex of V slightly darker. Ventrites 1 – 4 mostly reddish brown laterally, mostly blackish centrally, except dark reddish-brown apex, apex lighter on 4; ventrite 5 dark brown with irregular reddish-brown areas interspersed on basal 2 / 3, light reddish brown on posterior third. Head. Frons densely, minutely punctate; with abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence close to clypeus and sides of median groove from clypeus to after middle of area between eyes, dense, yellow close to eyes and genae, and sides of superior region of median groove; remaining surface with abundant brown pubescence with yellow pubescence interspersed, except glabrous median groove; with one long, erect brownish seta close to eyes. Antennal tubercles with abundant brown pubescence with yellow pubescence interspersed, except apex with dense yellow pubescence. Area between antennal tubercles with abundant brown pubescence not obscuring integument laterally, abundant pale-yellow pubescence centrally, except glabrous median groove. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous median groove and transverse central area, this area forming a cross with median groove; area between upper eye lobes with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, dense yellow pubescence centrally, this area reaching prothorax, except glabrous median groove, and a few long, erect brownish setae close to eyes; remaining surface of vertex with large, subtriangular dark-brown pubescence not obscuring integument on each side close to prothorax. Area behind upper eye lobes with abundant yellow pubescence superiorly, slightly sparser toward lower eye lobe, except glabrous area close to eye after middle. Area behind lower eye lobes with abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence close to eye, slightly sparser toward ventral surface, glabrous close to prothorax. Genae with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, except almost glabrous area closes to clypeus and frons, and glabrous apex; with a few long, erect brownish setae interspersed. Wide central area of postclypeus with abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence close to frons, except glabrous central area, pubescence sparser, pale yellow close to anteclypeus. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with abundant yellowish-white pubescence posteriorly not obscuring integument, glabrous anteriorly, except fringe of short yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin; with long, erect yellowish setae interspersed on pubescent area, some setae black basally. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except depressed anterocentral area with somewhat abundant yellowish-white pubescence. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.25 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.61 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.2 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at posterior quarter of antennomere VI. Scape with dense yellowish pubescence dorsally and laterally, pubescence distinctly sparser and yellower on posterior third of dorsal surface and inner side, except apex of dorsal surface with dense yellow pubescence; with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument ventrally; with long, erect yellowish setae ventrally. Pedicel with abundant yellow pubescence on dorsal base and abundant yellowishwhite pubescence on remaining surface, except posterior 2 / 3 of dorsal surface with dark-brown pubescence; with a few long, erect yellowish setae ventrally. Antennomeres III – VI with abundant yellowish pubescent ring basally, yellowish pubescent ring close to dark apical area, brown pubescence with short, decumbent yellowish setae interspersed between yellowish pubescent rings dorsally and laterally, somewhat abundant yellowish pubescence ventrally between yellowish pubescent rings, and dark-brown pubescence on dark apical area; with long, erect, somewhat sparse yellowish setae ventrally. Antennomeres VII – X with dense yellowish pubescence except brown pubescence on dark apical area, yellowish pubescence projected on inner surface of dark area; antennomere VII with sparse, erect yellowish setae ventrally; antennomeres VII – X with a few long yellowish and / or brown setae directed backward on apex. Antennomere XI with sparse yellowish pubescence basally, dense on remaining surface, except sparse yellowish pubescence on beginning of posterior quarter. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.73; pedicel = 0.12; IV = 0.71; V = 0.54; VI = 0.52; VII = 0.48; VIII = 0.45; IX = 0.48; X = 0.45; XI = 0.43. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides distinctly rounded, projected from anterior quarter to posterior sixth. Pronotum slightly longitudinally gibbous on each side of middle, from anterior sixth to about posterior quarter; somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate on posterior quarter; somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior quarter, punctures present on about anterior third on each side of middle, and sparser, present near anterior margin on sides of this latter area; with a few coarse punctures on remaining surface, except somewhat abundant, fine punctures on each side of center, from slightly after middle to coarse posterior punctures; with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence laterally, pubescence slightly sparser, lighter, partially yellowish white on sides of posterior and anterior areas, with irregular yellowish-white pubescent macula interspersed about middle of sides, slightly distinct yellowish-brown pubescent maculae interspersed on sides of posterior half, and irregular, small dark-brown pubescent maculae located near lateral margins of posterior third, and glabrous area surrounding some punctures; central region with subelliptical blackish pubescent macula on each side of middle of anterior half, subtriangular blackish pubescent macula on each side of middle of posterior half, glabrous on narrow longitudinal central band, with dense sulfuryellow pubescence between blackish pubescent maculae, pubescence paler superiorly; center of posterior quarter with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, except narrow central band with dense yellow pubescence; with a few long, erect brownish setae on sides of posterior third. Sides of prothorax sparsely, coarsely punctate anteriorly; with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence close to pronotum, pubescence gradually paler toward prosternum. Prosternum with abundant pale-yellow pubescence partially obscuring integument, except glabrous anterior sulcus, and area close to anterior margin with abundant pale-yellow pubescence laterally, and sparser whitish pubescence centrally. Prosternal process strongly narrowed toward posterior third; narrowest area 0.16 times procoxal width; with abundant pale-yellow pubescence partially obscuring integument, except sides and apical area with whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite almost glabrous on each side of anterior central region, with abundant pale-yellow pubescence centrally and laterally. Mesanepisternum with abundant pale-yellow pubescence on inner and superior region, except glabrous narrow area close to mesoventrite, and abundant dark-brown pubescence on remaining surface. Mesepimeron glabrous on narrow area close to mesanepisternum, with dense pale-yellow pubescence close to elytra, pubescence sparser on remaining surface. Mesoventral process slightly longitudinally carinate centrally; with abundant pale-yellow pubescence, except whitish pubescence on sides; apex 0.57 times mesocoxal width. Metanepisternum with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence, except small area with sparser, whitish pubescence near apex. Sides of metaventrite with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence, pubescence of same color slightly sparser on anterocentral region; remaining surface with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous metathoracic discrimen. Scutellum almost glabrous on narrow central area, with abundant sulfuryellow pubescence on basal half of sides of anterocentral region, sparser, yellowish pubescence on apical half of sides of anterocentral region, and blackish pubescence laterally. Elytra. Subparallel-sided on anterior 2 / 3, gradually narrowed on posterior third to obliquely truncate apex; outer and sutural angles rounded, not projected; centrobasal crest small, slightly elevated, with dense suberect black setae dorsally; with two well-marked longitudinal carina dorsally, innermost more distinct, from apex of centrobasal crest to outer apical angle, outermost starting near humerus, ending about posterior third; with a third slightly distinct longitudinal carina near humeral carina, from about anterior quarter to posterior third; humeral carina somewhat well-marked; abundantly, somewhat coarsely punctate on anterior third, punctures denser on circum-scutellar region and gradually sparser, finer toward apex; with large straw-colored pubescent macula close to suture, from anterior sixth to slightly after middle, distinctly widened from its anterior third and reaching outermost well-marked longitudinal carina, gradually narrowed on its posterior quarter, with small brown pubescent spots interspersed on innermost longitudinal carina, and large yellowish-brown pubescent macula interspersed on middle of area near suture; with oblique, moderately large straw-colored pubescent macula close to suture, starting slightly before posterior third, not reaching humeral carina, projected backward along innermost longitudinal carina, and a few small brownish pubescent spots interspersed on innermost longitudinal carina; with moderately large straw-colored pubescent macula on entire apical fifth, this macula narrowed anteriorly; the three straw-colored maculae fused by narrow pubescent band of same color along suture, pubescent band with brown pubescent spots interspersed, pubescent spots gradually lighter toward apex; with yellowish-brown pubescent maculae between straw-colored maculae; with somewhat large black pubescent macula between the two well-marked longitudinal carinae, close to yellowish-brown pubescent macula between the first two straw-colored pubescent maculae; with narrow, longitudinal black pubescent macula on apex of outermost wellmarked longitudinal carina, this macula narrowly connected to anterior black pubescent macula along outermost well-marked longitudinal carina; outermost longitudinal carina with row of small yellow pubescent spots, spots yellowish brown about middle of elytra; with small yellowish pubescent macula basally close to scutellum; sides mostly with abundant pale-yellow pubescence, slightly reaching sides of dorsal surface on anterior quarter, middle, and posterior quarter; basal area between scutellum and centrobasal crest with greenish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; epipleural margin with dense straw-colored pubescence, with brownish pubescent spots interspersed; remaining surface with greenish-brown pubescence, pubescence darker yellowish brown depending on light intensity, with small black pubescent spots interspersed. Legs. Femora with abundant yellowish pubescence on peduncle; femoral club with pale-yellow pubescence, sparser on anterior 2 / 3 of inner and ventral surface, especially on profemora, denser on remaining surface, except brown pubescent macula on dorsal surface of posterior half of meso- and metafemoral clubs. Tibiae with dense yellowish pubescence, except two brownish pubescent arches, one on basal third, another starting on middle, dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior half of protibiae; mesotibiae with short, thick, erect dark-brown setae on area of dorsal sulcus, with short, erect yellowish-brown setae interspersed, and long, suberect yellowish setae interspersed laterally on posterior half; metatibiae with short, erect, thick yellowish-brown setae interspersed on posterior half, and long, suberect yellowish setae interspersed laterally on posterior half. Protarsomere I with large spiniform projection about middle of ventral surface (Figs 36 – 38); inner apex of protarsomere II obliquely truncate, with short spine on its outer apex, in frontal view, truncate area widened from outer spiniform angle to inner margin (Fig. 38). Metatarsomere I distinctly longer than II – III together. Abdomen. Ventrites 1 – 4 with somewhat abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence laterally, sparser, yellowish white centrally, except glabrous apex; ventrite 5 with somewhat sparse yellowish-white pubescence on anterocentral half, somewhat sparse sulfur-yellow pubescence on sides of anterior half, and abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining surface; apex of ventrite 5 strongly concave centrally, with outer angles rounded. Female (Figs 33 – 35). Very similar to male, differing by protarsi without modifications; antennae shorter, 1.85 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at basal third of antennomere VII. Dimensions (mm) (holotype male / paratype male / paratype female). Total length, 11.20 / 8.60 – 10.65 / 10.90 – 11.45; prothoracic length, 1.80 / 1.40 – 1.80 / 1.60 – 1.65; anterior prothoracic width, 2.00 / 1.50 – 1.95 / 2.00; posterior prothoracic width, 2.40 / 1.75 – 2.25 / 2.25 – 2.40; maximum prothoracic width, 2.80 / 2.05 – 2.70 / 2.65 – 2.75; humeral width, 3.75 / 2.80 – 3.65 / 3.80 – 4.00; elytral length, 8.35 / 6.15 – 7.55 / 8.35 – 8.90.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFFDD058EECF945681BD3E6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Pichincha: 3100 m, Sierra Alisos Hotel, Tambillo, 2. X. 2021, J. Vlasak leg. (MZSP). Three paratype males, same data as holotype (JVCO). One paratype female, same data as holotype (MZSP), 3 paratype females, same data as holotype (JVCO).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFFDD058EECF945681BD3E6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ calcaratum ” (from Latin, meaning having a spur) refers to the spur-like projection on protarsomere I in males.	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
AA7AFF66FFFFDD058EECF945681BD3E6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nealcidion calcaratum sp. nov. belongs to the group of species with a distinct longitudinal carina on the dorsal surface of the elytra. It is similar to N. lineatum (Figs 17 – 21), but differs by the protarsomeres I and II with modifications in males (Figs 36 – 38) (without modifications (Fig. 19) in males of N. lineatum), and by outer apical angles rounded and not projected in both sexes (acutely projected or at least distinctly projected in both sexes of N. lineatum).	en	Vlasak, Josef, Santos-Silva, Antonio (2022): Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Zootaxa 5209 (5): 535-554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2
