identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A50E3735699D7A64EEFF381EB9F986.text	03A50E3735699D7A64EEFF381EB9F986.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chhapgarus Ng & Trivedi & Bhat 2022	<div><p>Chhapgarus n. gen.</p> <p>Type species. Pseudograpsus intermedius Chhapgar, 1955, by present designation.</p> <p>Description. Carapace squarish, dorsal surface covered with short, brown setae; regions well defined, convex; frontal margin slightly convex, straight; anterolateral margin subcristate with three teeth including first orbital tooth; posterolateral margins not sharply demarcated from anterolateral margin, concave at branchial region, distinctly subparallel; orbits small, eyes completely filling orbit. Third maxillipeds short, stout; small, distinct rhomboidal gape when closed, palp short, with short setae; exopod with short flagellum. Epistome broad, flat, posterior margin entire. Inner surface of chela with granules, setose. Ambulatory legs long, slender with short setae, stout dactyli. Lateral margins of thoracic sternites 4–5 finely granulated; anterior sternal plates without any medial grooves. Male pleon narrowly triangular, with 7 free segments (6 somites plus telson). Female pleon ovate, very broad. G1 stout, gently curving outwards, terminal lobe elongate, slightly curved.</p> <p>Etymology. The new genus is named in honor of Dr. Boman Framji Chhapgar for his valuable contributions to the study of crustacean fauna of Gujarat and Maharashtra States, India. Gender: masculine.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of the genus Pseudograpsus provided by H. Milne Edwards (1837) is brief that has been updated by Ng et al. (2002). In his description, H. Milne Edwards (1837: 81) named two species as belonging to the genus, Pseudograpsus viz. P. pencilliger (Latreille, 1817), and P. pallipes H. Milne Edwards, 1837. No type species was designated. Holthuis (1977) was the first to validly select Cancer penicilliger Latreille, 1817, as the type species (see also Ng &amp; Nakasone 1993: 2). Cancer penicilliger was later synonymized under the senior name, Pseudograpsus setosus (see Ng et al. 2002). The genus Pseudograpsus has a long history of association with Hemigrapsus and Brachynotus (see Tesch 1918; McLay &amp; Schubart 2004; Ng et al. 2002). This association is now being studied in-depth (in preparation). Balss (1934) synonymized P. erythraeus Kossmann, 1894, under P. elongatus. Ng &amp; Nakasone (1993) transferred P. laniger to their new genus, Scutumara Ng &amp; Nakasone, 1993, with a comment that the genus Pseudograpsus needs to be revised.</p> <p>The genus, Pseudograpsus, currently comprises of five species viz. P. setosus (Fabricius, 1778) (= P. pencilliger (Latreille, 1817), type species); P. crassus A. Milne-Edwards, 1868, P. albus Stimpson, 1858, P. elongatus A. Milne-Edwards, 1873, and P. intermedius Chhapgar, 1955. Out of these five species, P. intermedius varies from other species of Pseudograpsus s.s. in having setae on the carapace, chela having soft setae on outer surface, broad and stout ambulatory legs and differences in morphology of reproductive structures, hence Chhapgarus n. gen. is established for Pseudograpsus intermedius Chhapgar, 1955. Interestingly, C. intermedius comb. nov. inhabits the mid-intertidal zone in mangrove habitats (Chhapgar 1955), while species of Pseudograpsus s.s. are found in freshwater streams and/or under pebbles/coral sand habitats along beaches (Tesch 1918; Balss 1922; H.T. Shih, pers. comm). The morphological differences between Chhapgarus n. gen. and Pseudograpsus are given in Table 1.</p> <p>Chhapgarus n. gen., also shows similarity to Utica White, 1847 in having setae on the carapace surface and outer surface of chela, but differs from the latter in the following characters: carapace squarish (versus distinctly quadrangular in Utica); gastric region without “V” shaped ridge (versus prominent “V” shaped ridge on gastric region in Utica); branchial region without horizontal ridge (versus horizontal setose granulated ridge present across the branchial region in Utica).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A50E3735699D7A64EEFF381EB9F986	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ng, Ngan Kee;Trivedi, Jigneshkumar;Bhat, Mithila	Ng, Ngan Kee, Trivedi, Jigneshkumar, Bhat, Mithila (2022): Redescription of Pseudograpsus intermedius Chhapgar, 1955 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Varunidae) from India. Zootaxa 5209 (1): 127-138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.1.7
03A50E37356E9D7D64EEFF381E0DF820.text	03A50E37356E9D7D64EEFF381E0DF820.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chhapgarus intermedius (Chhapgar 1955) Ng & Trivedi & Bhat 2022	<div><p>Chhapgarus intermedius (Chhapgar, 1955) comb. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 1–6)</p> <p>Pseudograpsus intermedius Chhapgar, 1955: 257.— Chhapgar 1957: 519.— Hashmi 1964: 452.— Sethuramalingam &amp; Khan 1991: 89.— Selvakumar &amp; Khan 1993: 337.— Tirmizi &amp; Ghani 1996: 170, fig. 65.— Chakraborty et al, 2002: 1392.— Khan et al. 2005: 1319.— Dev Roy &amp; Nandi 2007: 180.— Ravichandran &amp; Kannupandi 2007: 333 (in list).— Haragi et al. 2010: 10 (in list).— Dineshbabu et al, 2011: 23 (in list).— Pawar 2012: 90 (in list).— Trivedi et al. 2018: 75 (in list).</p> <p>Holotype: ZSI C3-363/1, male (CW 10.7 mm, CL 9.0 mm), Mumbai, Maharastra State, India, 17 March 1953, coll. B. F. Chhapgar.</p> <p>Other material examined: LFSC.ZRC-154, 8 males (CW 5.8–11.1 mm, CL 5.4–10.0 mm), 6 females (CW 6.1­– 8.6 mm, CL 5.5–7.6 mm), Chapora Estuary (1­5°37′95″N, 73°45′76″E), Goa state, India, 7 September 201­6, coll. M. Bhat; RMNH D-30417, 1 male (CW 11.3 mm, CL 10.4 mm), 1 female (CW 8.6 mm, CL 7.6 mm), Kali River estuary, Karnataka state, India, 1974–1975, coll. U. S. Kakati.</p> <p>Description. Carapace squarish, slightly broader than long; dorsal surface covered with short-brown setae, regions not well defined, convex. Frontal margin slightly convex, slightly bilobed (Figs. 1A, 2A, 4A, 5A, 6A). Anterolateral margin subcristate with three teeth, including orbital tooth, external orbital tooth most distinct, very broad; second tooth smaller in size, third tooth smallest. Posterolateral margins not sharply demarcated from anterolateral margin, almost straight, distinctly converging. Orbits small, eyes completely filling orbit (Figs. 1A, 2A, 4A, 5A, 6A).</p> <p>Third maxilliped with foliaceous merus, broader than long; anterolateral angle produced, auriculiform; distal margin distinctly bilobed, outer lobe larger, base with small median cleft. Ischium longer than broad, sulcus not discernible. Small, distinct rhomboidal gape formed when closed. Exopod with obtuse, blunt inner subdistal angle, flagellum prominent, longer than width of merus (Fig. 2D). Epistome broad, flat, posterior margin entire.</p> <p>Male chelipeds equal to subequal, inner surfaces glabrous; merus without spines, dorsal surface highly setose; carpus without spines or teeth; outer surface of fingers with tufts of long, soft setae. Fingers slightly shorter than palm; dactylus with one large tooth medially followed by small teeth, pollex cutting edge with small teeth, one large tooth present proximally, single prominent ridge present on pollex, finger tips recurved, sharp, hooved (Figs. 1A, B, 2B, 4B). Female chelae slender than those of male, outer surface covered with short setae, a prominent ridge running parallel to the ventral margin (Figs. 2C, 5B).</p> <p>Ambulatory legs with second pair longest. Merus of all ambulatory legs with long, soft setae; anterior margin with blunt subdistal tooth; outer surface of carpus with short setae, anterior and posterior margins of propodus with short setae (Figs. 1A, C, 3F–I, 4A, C, 5A, C, 6A, B).</p> <p>Male pleon narrowly triangular with all segments freely moveable (six somites plus telson), lateral margins highly setose (Figs. 1C, 2E, 4C, 6B); female pleon similar, very broad (Figs. 3A, 5B). G1 stout, gently curving outwards, terminal lobe elongate, slightly curved (Figs. 3B–D). G2 short, small (Fig. 3E). Female vulvae operculate, circular (Fig. 3J).</p> <p>Distribution. The species is so far reported from Pakistan (Tirmizi &amp; Ghani 1996) and India (Trivedi et al. 2018). In India, the species is reported from Maharashtra (Chhapgar 1955, 1957; Pawar 2012), Karnataka (Haragi et al. 2010; Dineshbabu et al. 2011), and Tamil Nadu (Sethuramalingam &amp; Khan 1991; Selvakumar &amp; Khan 1993; Khan et al. 2005; Dev Roy &amp; Nandi 2007; Ravichandran &amp; Kannupandi 2007).</p> <p>Ecology. Chhapgarus intermedius comb. nov. inhabits the mid-intertidal zone in mangrove habitats. Individuals of the species are mostly found under dead logs or rock boulders, and sometimes also in burrows.</p> <p>Coloration. The carapace of fresh specimens is chestnut brown with short black setae. The cheliped and ambulatory legs are light brown. Sternum and abdomen are also light brown.</p> <p>Remarks. Chhapgarus intermedius (Chhapgar, 1955) comb. nov. was described on the basis of 14 specimens (ten males; two females and two ovigerous females) collected from Mumbai (Bombay), Maharashtra State, India (Chhapgar 1955). The holotype male, which was deposited in Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata has been examined in the present study but the rest of the specimens (paratype) examined by Chhapgar (1955) are not traceable. Fresh specimens examined in the present study show agreement with the illustrations and original descriptions given by Chhapgar (1955).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A50E37356E9D7D64EEFF381E0DF820	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ng, Ngan Kee;Trivedi, Jigneshkumar;Bhat, Mithila	Ng, Ngan Kee, Trivedi, Jigneshkumar, Bhat, Mithila (2022): Redescription of Pseudograpsus intermedius Chhapgar, 1955 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Varunidae) from India. Zootaxa 5209 (1): 127-138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.1.7
