taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Triglypta pingquanensis Wang, 1984. Zhouyingzi of Pingquan City, Hebei Province, China; the Middle Jurassic Longmen Formation (originally Jiulongshan Formation, see in Huang, 2019).	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	synonymic_list	Triglypta shandanensis (Chen in Zhang et al., 1976) emend.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 3)	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	synonymic_list	1976 Euestheria shandanensis Chen in Zhang et al., p. 127 – 128, pl. 21, figs 7 – 10, pl. 23, fig. 17	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	materials_examined	Material. NIGP 29776, holotype, external mould of an individual with two valves. Middle – Upper Jurassic Longfengshan Formation at Shandan County of Zhangye City, Gansu Province, northwestern China; NIGP 29777, paratype, internal mould of a left valve, with some remains of the right valve. Middle – Upper Jurassic Longfengshan Formation at Shandan County of Zhangye City, Gansu Province, northwestern China; NIGP 29793, paratype, internal mould of a left valve, with some remains of the right valve. Middle Jurassic at Wangjiashan of Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Jingyuan, Gansu Province, northwestern China.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	diagnosis	Emended diagnosis. Carapace of medium size, shape oval; dorsal margin long; larval valve small; umbo in anterior and marginal position; growth lines stout, usually with central concave; growth bands wide and flat, 15 – 25 in number; growth bands ornamented with puncta; in the middle, antero-ventral and ventral part of the carapace, puncta cluster together to form fine reticulation; clustered puncta with linear arrangements to form radial lirae on growth bands near the antero-ventral and ventral margin of the carapace.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	description	Description. Carapace of medium size (L = 5.8 – 6.2 mm, H = 4.5 – 5.1 mm, H / L = 0.78 – 0.82), shape oval; dorsal margin straight and long; larval valve small; umbo in anterior and marginal position; anterior and posterior margin straight, ventral margin curve; growth lines stout, usually with central concave, appearing as convex lines with a thin line on either side; growth bands wide and flat, 15 – 25 in number; growth bands ornamented with puncta, punctum 4 – 7 μm in diameter (Fig. 1 C, D; 2 B – H; 3 B – G); in the middle, antero-ventral and ventral part of the carapace, puncta cluster together to form fine reticulation, mesh diameter 10 – 16 μm (Figs 1 E, F; 2 C; 3 E); growth bands near the antero-ventral and ventral margin of the carapace, clustered puncta with linear arrangements to form radial lirae (Figs 1 E; 2 F; 3 E, F); growth bands near the anterior and posterior margin of the carapace, puncta with dense arrangement (Fig. 2 G, H). Measurements. Locality and horizon. Middle – Upper Jurassic Longfengshan Formation of Shandan County of Zhangye City and Middle Jurassic at Wangjiashan of Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province, northwestern China.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE43D17BADAF8BCFEBB4AC4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The fine reticulation was the only ornamentation on growth bands in the original description of this species (Zhang et al., 1976). Thus, Chen (1976 in Zhang et al., 1976) regarded this species as a member of the genus Euestheria. However, using a scanning microscope to examine the type material, the ornamentation on growth bands of this species is consist of puncta, and the fine reticulation observed under an optical microscope is formed by clustered puncta, and the radial lirae also failed to described in the previous studies. According to the ornamentation pattern, this species is a member of Triglypta rather than a Euestheria component. The stout growth lines with a central concave makes this species different remarkedly from other Triglypta members. Triglypta shandanensis distinctly resembles T. luanpingensis (Zhang et al., 1987) in its outline and ornamentation. But the latter has more growth lines, narrower growth bands and, of course without stout growth lines with central concave. The reticulation is more developed in T. pingquanensis, T. haifanggouensis (Chen, 1976) and T. eedemtensis Li (Li et al., 2014) in contrast to T. shandanensis (Liao et al., 2017; Liao, 2022). This species is similar to Tianzhuestheria gansuensis Shen et al., 2002 in ornamentation, but each growth band of Tianzhuestheria is ornamented with puncta on the upper part and radial lirae intercalated with puncta on the lower part (Shen et al., 2002). Linglongtaestheria daxishanensis Li, 2020 resembles this species in ornamentation. However, Linglongtaestheria ornamented polygonal fine reticulation on growth bands near larval valve (Li, 2020). Qaidamestheria dameigouensis Wang, 1983 also has ornamented radial lirae formed by puncta on growth bands near the anterior margin of the carapace. In Qaidamestheria, however, the puncta are never clustered, and only a column of puncta between neighboring lirae (Teng & Li, 2021).	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17B978FAF5FC944CCE.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Posidonia minuta Alberti, 1832. Rottweil of Baden-Württemberg, Germany; the Middle Triassic Ladinian Lower Keuper, Erfurt Formation (see in Sell, 2018).	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17BADAFB07FC564D9B.taxon	description	(Fig. 4) 1985 Sinokontikia lianmuqinensis Wang, p. 12 – 13, pl. 3, figs 3 – 5 2002 Sinokontikia lianmuqinensis Wang in Shen et al., pl. 2, fig. 8 2004 Sinokontikia lianmuqinensis Wang in Shen, pl. 19, fig. 2	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17BADAFB07FC564D9B.taxon	materials_examined	Material. NIGP 130637, external mould of a right valve. Middle – Upper Jurassic Yaojie Formation at Tanshanling Town of Bairi (Tianzhu) Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province, northwestern China.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17BADAFB07FC564D9B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace of medium size (L = 9.4 – 14 mm, H = 6.2 – 7.4 mm), shape elongated oval; dorsal margin long; larval valve small; umbo in anterior and marginal position; growth lines stout, usually with central concave; growth bands wide and flat, 8 – 13 in number; growth bands ornamented with tubercles; tubercles are stretched or irregular.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17BADAFB07FC564D9B.taxon	description	Description. Carapace of medium size, shape elongated oval; dorsal margin long; larval valve small; umbo in anterior and marginal position; growth lines stout, usually with central concave; growth bands wide and flat, 12 in number; growth bands ornamented with tubercles, tubercles are stretched or irregular (Fig. 4 B – G); on the growth bands in antero-ventral or postero-ventral part of the carapace, tubercles stretched vertically, appearing as radial lirae (Fig. 4 C – E, G); tubercles transversely stretched sporadically near the upper or lower margin of growth bands (Fig. 4 D, F); in the dorsal and middle part of the carapace, growth bands ornamented with irregularly arranged tubercles, forming irregular fine reticulation (Fig. 4 B – D). Measurements. Number of Specimen number Fig. L / mm H / mm H / L growth lines NIGP 130637 4 A 12 9.7 5.9 0.61 Legend: H = height of carapace, L = length of carapace Locality and horizon. Middle – Upper Jurassic Yaojie Formation at Tanshanling of Tianzhu, Gansu Province, P. R. China; Middle – Upper Jurassic Qiketai Formation at Lianmuqin of Shanshan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17BADAFB07FC564D9B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to Wang (1985), in the middle and dorsal part of the carapace, there are some remained fine reticulation, and in fact, the tubercles are changed from the bulge mesh wall. This feature indicates that this genus has an ancestor that is ornamented with fine reticulation.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D17BADAFBD9FDAE4DD8.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Sinokontikia youngi Novojilov, 1958. Turpan Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwestern China; the Upper Jurassic.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D1BB978F9F7FA694B17.taxon	description	(Figs 5, 6) 1976 Euestheria jingyuanensis Chen in Zhang et al., p. 131, pl. 22, figs 14 – 17 2002 Euestheria jingyuanensis Chen in Shen et al., pl. 3 figs 1 – 2	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D1BB978F9F7FA694B17.taxon	materials_examined	Material. NIGP 29784, holotype, left valve. NIGP 29785, paratype, left valve. NIGP 29783, paratype, external mould of holotype. Upper Jurassic oil shale member of the upper parts of the Wangjiashan Formation at Wangjiashan of Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Jingyuan, Gansu Province, northwestern China. Emended diagnosis. Carapace of small to medium size, shape elliptical or oval; dorsal margin short; larval valve small; umbo in anterior and marginal position; growth lines thin, 26 – 30 in number; early-growth-stage growth lines form a large postero-dorsal angle with the dorsal margin; late-growth-stage growth lines meet at a point at the end of the dorsal margin; growth bands narrow and flat; in the dorsal part of the carapace, growth bands ornamented with fine reticulation, mesh wall very thick and bulge, makes reticulation seems very sparse; on growth bands in the ventral part of the carapace, mesh wall strongly bulge and change to irregularly stretched tubercles; on growth bands near the antero-ventral and ventral margin of the carapace, tubercles with linear arrangements to form radial lirae.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D1BB978F9F7FA694B17.taxon	description	Description. Carapace of small to medium size (L = 4.7 – 5.7 mm, H = 3.2 – 3.8 mm, H / L = 0.67 – 0.68), shape elliptical or oval; dorsal margin short; larval valve small; umbo in anterior and marginal position; growth lines thin, 26 – 30 in number; early-growth-stage growth lines form a large postero-dorsal angle with the dorsal margin (Fig. 5 A – C); late-growth-stage growth lines meet at a point at the end of the dorsal margin (Fig. 5 A – C); growth bands narrow and flat; in the dorsal part of the carapace, growth bands ornamented with very fine reticulation, mesh is 2 – 4 μm in diameter, mesh wall very thick and bulge, makes reticulation seems very sparse (Fig. 6 B – E); on growth bands in the ventral part of the carapace, mesh wall strongly bulge and change to irregularly stretched tubercles, mesh is 11 – 18 μm in diameter (Figs 5 E, 6 F – H); on growth bands near the anterior, antero-ventral and ventral margin of the carapace, tubercles stretched vertically and with linear arrangements to form radial lirae (Figs 5 E, 6 F – H). Measurements. Locality and horizon. Upper Jurassic, the oil shale member of the upper parts of the Wangjiashan Formation. Wangjiashan of Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Jingyuan, Gansu Province, China; Upper Jurassic Honggou Formation at Tanshanling of Tianzhu, Gansu Province, P. R. China.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
03CCBC02FFE03D1BB978F9F7FA694B17.taxon	discussion	Remarks. In the original description of this species, only fine reticulation was recorded (Zhang et al., 1976). Considering the early study relied on an optical microscope, the very fine reticulation mentioned by Chen in Zhang et al., 1976 is the fine reticulation formed by tubercles. Liao et al., 2014 have re-examined the type specimens of this species by scanning electron microscope, and recorded the radial lirae on the ventral part of the carapace, but failed to revealed the very fine reticulation (2 – 4 μm in mesh diameter) on growth bands on the upper part of the carapace. It is interesting that Sinokontikia also has the same ornamentation: tubercular ornamentation which is changed from bulge thick mesh wall on the lower part of the carapace, and fine reticulation on the upper part of the carapace (Wang, 1985). It suggests that this species and Sinokontikia species probably share the same ancestor.	en	TENG, XIAO (2022): A morphological re-study of three spinicaudatan species from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Gansu Province, northwestern China. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 327-339, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.5
