taxonID	type	description	language	source
9D688E0282AE5D24A0A62FADBDDB1B2F.taxon	description	Figs 56, 57	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
9D688E0282AE5D24A0A62FADBDDB1B2F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized dark species (wing length 1.7 - 1.8 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum, yellow scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and dark gray legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with a hypertrophied tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising six or seven long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum, C. orientalis and C. purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
9D688E0282AE5D24A0A62FADBDDB1B2F.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. Head: (Fig. 56 A-E) Head yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 56 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 56 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow (Fig. 56 C). Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 56 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum pruinose, dark gray, sometimes with very narrow terminal yellow band along posterior margin (Fig. 56 D). Scutellum light yellow with lateral corner narrowly grayish. Subscutellum yellow except brown posterior margin. Mediotergite, anatergite and katatergite dark gray (Fig. 56 E). Pleuron largely yellow, but notopleuron with narrow brown patch along ventral margin, and venters of propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, anepimeron, and meron dark brown (Fig. 56 B). Haltere dark gray. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely brown; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 56 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 56 D). Acrostichal setulae five or six pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 1.8 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 56 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.5 - 1.6. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 56 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 56 G-K) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with a long, inward-curved tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six or seven fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part), and with a separate long tubercle-like seta, which is located immediately beyond the dorsal-most tubercle-like seta of the comb and directed to different angle; inner-basal margin with a row of 1 - 3 small tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 56 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically; with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 56 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite dark with a pair of plate-like arms, dorsal lobe spatula-shaped, with one seta subapically (Fig. 56 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 56 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 56 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 56 G). Basiphallus with dark broad plate-like sclerite on left side (Fig. 56 G). Hypophallus broad, membranous covered with microtrichia ventrally; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of fused narrow sclerites (Fig. 56 G, H). Paraphallus membranous, wing-like; paraphalli spread laterally, jointed basally (Fig. 56 H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest basally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 56 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; covered by a membrane bearing several pairs of minute oval lateral sclerites; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, pigmented, widening toward truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 56 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with long stalk; sperm pump clear, with dark globular sclerites (Fig. 56 I, J). Female (Fig. 56 F). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 1.7 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 57 A-C) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 57 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 57 C). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 57 C). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 57 B).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
9D688E0282AE5D24A0A62FADBDDB1B2F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu (Fig. 55).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2D18C3132414512BA143FA846ACA70A6.taxon	description	Fig. 32	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2D18C3132414512BA143FA846ACA70A6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9 - 2.3 mm) having a subshiny brown scutum with an obscure oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long hypertrophied, ventrally curved arm that apically bears a dark, apically bifid tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2D18C3132414512BA143FA846ACA70A6.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 32 A-D). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, frons yellowish brown, back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 32 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 32 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical (Fig. 32 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 32 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum pruinose gray, with a small yellow patch along midposterior margin (Fig. 32 D). Scutellum light yellow with lateral corner brown, subscutellum light yellow. Mediotergite and anatergite brown, katatergite light yellow. Pleuron yellow with brownish patches on venter of propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, anepimeron, and meron (Fig. 32 B). Haltere yellow but light yellow basally. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish, basal half of femur paler (Fig. 32 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 32 D). Acrostichal setulae seven or eight pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 32 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 32 A). Genitalia: (Fig. 32 K-O) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-anterior margin with two short tubercle-like setae; inner-lateral surface with a basally enlarged, extremely extended / thickened, ventrally curved arm, bearing a dark bifid tubercle-like seta borne (Fig. 32 H). Surstylus narrow, extended, curved inwards, setose apically (Fig. 32 H). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite consisting of one pair of flat plate-like, basally fused, dorsal sclerites, and one pair of pale plate-like, separated, ventral lobes (Fig. 32 H). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 32 F). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, and cleft apically; dorsal lobe pointed apically (Fig. 32 J). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 32 H). Basiphallus with a pair of broad lateral lobes (Fig. 32 F). Hypophallus broad, membranous, and bilaterally asymmetrical; right lateral margin well sclerotized, left lateral margin basally sclerotized; medially with a pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 32 F, I). Paraphallus 4 - winged, with posterior margin lightly sclerotized; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, jointed basally (Fig. 32 H, I). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 32 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half with pigmented and weaker medial regions; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, widening toward truncated shortly flared unpigmented apex (Fig. 32 I). Female (Fig. 32 E, M). Similar to male, but slightly larger, and dorsal abdomen paler (Fig. 32 E). Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 32 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 32 K). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 32 L). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 32 L). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 32 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2D18C3132414512BA143FA846ACA70A6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (aratriformis = plow-shaped) refers to the plow-shaped tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2D18C3132414512BA143FA846ACA70A6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Tsushima Island (Fig. 31).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C17E11826BD51A0A447FB381DE23DF4.taxon	description	Figs 14, 15	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C17E11826BD51A0A447FB381DE23DF4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.3 - 1.6 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with hypertrophied, elongated, strongly curved arm bearing a dark tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Plagiochasma pterospermum and P. appendiculatum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C17E11826BD51A0A447FB381DE23DF4.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 14 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 14 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere, pedicel and scape brown. Arista subbasal, black pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 14 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 14 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum subshiny yellow, with a brown medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of brown presutural patches, and a pair of wide postsutural brown bands adjoining with the presutural patches (Fig. 14 D). Mediotergite brown, and anatergite and katatergite yellow. Pleuron largely yellow, anepisternum and anepimeron with small brown patches, venters of katepisternum and meron brown (Fig. 14 B). Haltere gray. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 14 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae six pairs in two rows (Fig. 14 D). Wing: Wing length 1.3 & nbsp; mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 14 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.7 - 1.8. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny grayish yellow (Fig. 14 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 14 G-K) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-lateral margin with an incomplete comb comprising two or three short tubercle-like setae; inner subdistal surface with basally thickened, remarkably elongated, strongly curved arm bearing a dark tubercle-like seta apically (Fig. 14 G, H, K). Surstylus protruding ventrally, tapering toward apex, setose apically, with one short tubercle-like seta on inner-basal surface (Fig. 14 K). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in posterior view, with a pair of ventrally projected plate-like lobes with a spine medially (Fig. 14 K). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 14 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, and cleft apically (Fig. 14 G). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 14 I). Basiphallus with a H-shaped dorsal sclerite; anterior arms of which protruding ventrolaterally (Fig. 14 G-I). Hypophallus broad, membranous with microtrichia scattered dorsally, medially with a pair of short confronting sclerites (Fig. 14 G-I). Paraphalli wing-like, lightly sclerotized posteriorly; diverging, angled anteroventrally, joined basally on to the base of mesophallus. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 14 G-I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of lateral dark sclerites and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, composed of a pair of dorsally and laterally pigmented sclerites, widening toward apex, with truncated, flared apex (Fig. 14 I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear. Female (Figs 14 F, 15 C). Similar to male, but slightly larger (Fig. 14 F). Wing length 1.6 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 15 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 15 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 14 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 14 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 14 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C17E11826BD51A0A447FB381DE23DF4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (arcus = bow) refers to the bow-shaped tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C17E11826BD51A0A447FB381DE23DF4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Fig. 16). Recorded only from limestone areas in Tohoku and Kanto districts.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D5DF54F58F4C5FE98616EA534725D28D.taxon	description	Figs 24, 25	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D5DF54F58F4C5FE98616EA534725D28D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.5 - 1.9 mm) having subshiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral dark stripes; inner stripes with silvery reflection. Adults with yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a hand-like comb comprising four or five basally fused, long, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D5DF54F58F4C5FE98616EA534725D28D.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 24 A-E). Head: Head entirely yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 24 C). Antenna porrect, yellow. Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons with brownish reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial, and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 24 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 24 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny yellow; in some geographic populations, background color grayish yellow (Fig. 24 D). Scutum with medial black stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of gray suborbicular presutural spots confluent with the medial stripe, a pair of narrow black supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider gray intra-alar stripes, which adjoin the pair of lateral presutural gray suborbicular spots; the gray spots and stripes look silver in sunlight. Scutellum and subscutellum yellow (Fig. 24 D). Mediotergite brown, anatergite yellow, katatergite brown (Fig. 24 E). Pleuron largely yellow (the background color sometimes grayish in some localities); propleuron with small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; anepisternum with two small spots on anterior and posterior corners; anepimeron with a narrow brown patch on anterior corner; katepisternum and meron with brown patches on venter (Fig. 24 B). Haltere yellow, while dorsal surface grayish yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 24 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 24 D). Acrostichal setulae five pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 - 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 24 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.8 - 1.9. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow (Fig. 24 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 24 G-K) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-posterior surface with a long apically bifid tubercle-like seta; inner-lateral margin with a long tubercle-like seta, the tip of which is flattened and fan-shaped; inner-anterior surface with a finger-like comb comprising five basally fused tubercle-like setae (Fig. 24 H). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with a single long, apically bifid, tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 24 H). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of flat, pale, ventral lobes, each bearing a seta basally (Fig. 24 J). Hypandrium sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 24 G). Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 24 J). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 24 K). Basiphallus with a basally bilobed sclerite; each lobe expanded laterally. Hypophallus broad and membranous with lightly sclerotized margins, medially with a pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 24 K). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, 1.2 x longer than distiphallus. Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of lateral dark lanceolate sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, shortly flared unpigmented apex (Fig. 24 K). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 24 I). Female (Fig. 24 F, 25 C). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 2.3 & nbsp; mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 25 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 25 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 25 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 25 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 25 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D5DF54F58F4C5FE98616EA534725D28D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (argentus = silver, fascia = stripe) refers to silver stripes on the scutum, which are obvious in sunlight.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D5DF54F58F4C5FE98616EA534725D28D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Yaku Island, Amami-Oshima Island, Kume Island (Fig. 26)	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6DCE2C372A7D56CB9E9B3C41AFCC55B5.taxon	description	Fig. 54	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6DCE2C372A7D56CB9E9B3C41AFCC55B5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.2 - 2.3 mm) having a shiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of black stripes, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a hypertrophied tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising three or four long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum, C. orientalis and C. purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6DCE2C372A7D56CB9E9B3C41AFCC55B5.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. Head: (Fig. 54 A-E) Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins. (Fig. 54 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 54 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 54 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 54 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax shiny. Scutum yellow with medial dark stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of narrow pale brown supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider black intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural dark ovoid spots (Fig. 54 D). Scutellum yellow, subscutellum yellow with brown margin. Mediotergite brown, anatergite yellow with small brown spot near lower margin, and katatergite yellow (Fig. 54 E). Pleuron yellow with brownish patches on venter of katepisternum and meron (Fig. 54 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 54 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly. 20 - 26 acrostichal setulae in four irregular rows (Fig. 54 D). Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 54 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 54 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 54 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-posterior margin with a dark ridge; inner-lateral surface with a flattened triangular tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising three or four basally fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part); inner-lateral margin with a row of three or four small tubercle-like setae (Fig. 54 I). Surstylus elongated, curved inwards; with a few short setae apically; with one stout tubercle-like seta subapically (Fig. 54 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of plate-like arms, the dorsal lobe of which is dark, hooked toward dorsum (Fig. 54 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 54 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically, cleft subapically (Fig. 54 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 54 G). Basiphallus with a pale broad, plate-like sclerite on left side (Fig. 54 G). Hypophallus broad, membranous covered with microtrichia ventrally; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of fused narrow sclerites (Fig. 54 H). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest basally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 54 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; covered by a membrane bearing 7 - 9 pairs of minute oval lateral sclerites basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dark; constricted subdistally; with truncated unpigmented apex (Fig. 54 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and short stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 54 J). Female (Fig. 54 F, M). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 54 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 54 K). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 54 L). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 54 L). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 54 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6DCE2C372A7D56CB9E9B3C41AFCC55B5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (bifasciata = two stripes) refers to a pair of black stripes on the yellow scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6DCE2C372A7D56CB9E9B3C41AFCC55B5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (Fig. 55).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A411C5F5B585EF5862C67C2F1B4E11C.taxon	description	Fig. 48	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A411C5F5B585EF5862C67C2F1B4E11C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9 - 2.2 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of gray stripes, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 5 - 7 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum, C. orientalis and C. purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A411C5F5B585EF5862C67C2F1B4E11C.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 48 A-E). Head: Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 48 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 48 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 48 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 48 D). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with a medial brown stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of narrow brown supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider brown intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural brown ovoid spots (Fig. 48 D). Scutellum and subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite and anatergite brown, katatergite yellow with venter brown (Fig. 48 E). Pleuron yellow with venter of katepisternum and meron brown (Fig. 48 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 48 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae seven or eight pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1. Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1 - 1.2. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown. Genitalia: (Fig. 48 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with a long tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six or seven fused (rarely unfused in part) long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and an irregular row of several (2 - 3) short tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 48 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 48 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view; a pair of dorsal lobes, each with one seta. Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 48 I). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 48 G). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 48 H). Basiphallus with pale broad lateral plate on left side and lightly sclerotized dorsal margin (Fig. 48 G). Hypophallus hood-shaped, membranous; covered with microtrichia ventrally; medially with a pair of dark fused, ventrally incurved, narrow sclerites (Fig. 48 G, H). Paraphallus membranous, rounded or like 4 - winged; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, jointed basally (Fig. 48 H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus. Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, with truncated unpigmented apex (Fig. 48 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 48 J). Female (Fig. 48 F). Similar to male, but larger, first flagellomere black, rarely base yellowish; pedicel and scape yellow. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 48 L, M) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 48 L). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 48 M). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 48 M). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 48 A). Immatures. (Fig. 48 Q) Puparium internal, slender, and brown.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A411C5F5B585EF5862C67C2F1B4E11C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (brunus = brown, fascia = stripe) refers to the brown stripes on the scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A411C5F5B585EF5862C67C2F1B4E11C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu (Fig. 45). The distribution is restricted to broadleaf deciduous forests in the cool temperate zone at high altitudes.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C42A149875625367A2251AA98BE82238.taxon	description	Figs 68, 69	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C42A149875625367A2251AA98BE82238.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.1 - 1.3 mm) having a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and yellowish brown legs. Male scutum uniquely with a pair of bluish bands. Male epandrium inner-laterally with two strong tubercle-like setae, and with ventrally elongated surstylus. Distiphalli bilaterally asymmetrical and tapering toward apex. Larva mines the thallus of Riccia billardieri and R. huebeneriana.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C42A149875625367A2251AA98BE82238.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 68 A-E). Head: Head largely light yellow, with frons and ocellar tubercle pruinose brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 68 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 68 B). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus light yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 68 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 68 B). Orbital setulae minute and proclinate, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum and scutellum, bluish gray with a medial and a pair of lateral longitudinal obscure dark gray bands (Fig. 68 D). Subscutellum brownish yellow except brown posterior half. Mediotergite dark brown, anatergite light yellow except ventral dark brown corner, and katatergite light yellow (Fig. 68 E). Pleuron largely brownish yellow; anepisternum with brown patch along lower margin; anepimeron with a small spot on anterior ventral corner; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 68 B). Haltere gray with inner surface light yellow, with stalk light yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellowish brown, subdistally and basally with dark patches; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 68 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 68 D). Acrostichal seta three or four pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 1.1 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 68 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.8. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown, posterior margin of each tergite narrowly yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 68 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 68 L-O) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with 2 - 3 sharp, dark tubercle-like setae (Fig. 68 N). Surstylus large and ventrally extended, tapering toward apex, with a row of strong setae on ventral margin (Fig. 68 N). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of pointed dorsal lobes converging together distally, with a pair of narrow lateral plate-like lobes protruding dorsally (Fig. 68 N). Hypandrium thin, sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 68 L). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically (Fig. 68 M). Phallophorus with shallow incision below, articulated with dark phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 68 L). Basiphallus with a pale dorsal broad sclerite; as long as mesophallus + distiphallus (Fig. 68 M). Hypophallus broad membranous; lateral margins darkly sclerotized (Fig. 68 M). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical; with a pair of narrow lateral sclerites. Distiphallus comprising one pair of dark bilaterally asymmetrical tubules; left one is S-shaped, longer and thicker than the right one, tapering toward apex; right tubule short, truncated (Fig. 68 M). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base dark and wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 68 O). Female (Fig. 68 F-K). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider than male. Ground color of scutum is more bluish, and two bluish bands on scutum are more intense than those of male. Wing length 1.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 69 A-C) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 69 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 69 C). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 69 A). Spermathecae semi-orbicular; with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 69 B). Immatures. (Fig. 69 D-F, J-O) At 3 rd instar, larval body yellow and cylindrical. Mandibles paired, fused, asymmetrical and strongly sclerotized, each with two teeth; left teeth larger than right ones (Fig. 69 D-F). Mandibles confluent with short sclerotized hypopharyngeal sclerite, connecting to a pair of tentoropharyngeal sclerites; dorsal cornu broad and long, ventral cornu shorter, comprising two fused arms; upper arm darkly sclerotized only at basal part. Puparium internal, slender and brown (Fig. 69 J-O).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C42A149875625367A2251AA98BE82238.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (caerulescens = blue) refers to the bluish bands on the scutum, which are especially prominent in the female.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C42A149875625367A2251AA98BE82238.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands (Fig. 65).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F314FCA405C857469E1444F23EF714F3.taxon	description	Figs 18, 19	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F314FCA405C857469E1444F23EF714F3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.6 - 1.7 mm) having subshiny yellow scutum with two pairs of lateral stripes, yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with a hypertrophied arm which bears an enlarged tubercle-like seta; inner-basally with a hypertrophied arm which bears a comb comprising five or six fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Plagiochasma pterospermum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F314FCA405C857469E1444F23EF714F3.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 18 A-D). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 18 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 18 B). Arista subbasal, black pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 18 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 18 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum yellow with medial black stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of narrow black supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider. Black intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural black ovoid spots (Fig. 18 D). Mediotergite brown, and anatergite and katatergite yellow. Pleuron largely yellow, anepisternum and anepimeron with small brown patches, venters of katepisternum and meron brown (Fig. 18 B). Haltere yellow, with upper surface grayish. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 18 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 18 D). Acrostichal setulae seven pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.7 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 18 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 0.95. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow (Fig. 18 B). Genitalia: (Fig. 18 I, J) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-distal margin with a basally enlarged, slightly flattened hypertrophied arm, which bears a dark laterally enlarged tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface also with a basally enlarged, slightly flattened, hypertrophied arm, on which with a comb comprising five or six fused tubercle-like setae (Fig. 18 G). Surstylus plate-like, extruded ventrally, bare, with one long tubercle-like seta apically (Fig. 18 G). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in posterior view, with a pair of setae medially (Fig. 18 G). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin. Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped with incurved pointed apex (Fig. 18 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 18 H). Basiphallus shorter than mesophallus. Hypophallus broad, membranous, with a dark narrow sclerite medially, and with a pair of diverging, ventrally incurved narrow sclerites (Fig. 18 H). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dorsoventrally flattened tubular, parallel-sided; twofold longer than distiphallus; basal half and distal 1 / 5 pigmented (Fig. 18 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of tubules; basal half unpigmented; distal half cylindrical, pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 18 H). Female (Fig. 18 E-F). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 1.6 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 19 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 19 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites. (Fig. 19 B) Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 3 / 4 length of cercus (Fig. 19 B). Spermathecae orbicular.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F314FCA405C857469E1444F23EF714F3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (calcis = limestone) refers to the fact that this species is associated with the host liverwort growing only on limestone.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F314FCA405C857469E1444F23EF714F3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Fig. 16). Recorded only from limestone areas in Chichibu Mountains and Akaishi Mountain Range.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C8994C01E1F5D90B4CE259490FFD52B.taxon	description	Fig. 43	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C8994C01E1F5D90B4CE259490FFD52B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.1 - 2.3 mm) having pruinose dark brown scutum with an obscure oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta and inner-basally with a comb comprising eight or nine long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C8994C01E1F5D90B4CE259490FFD52B.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 43 A-E). Head: Head entirely yellow including ocellar tubercle and back of head (Fig. 43 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 43 B). Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 43 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 43 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with a black medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural patches confluent with the medial stripe, and a pair of wide black bands (i. e., fused complex of intra-alar and supra-alar stripes) on anterior 7 / 8, which is confluent with the presutural patches and the medial stripe (Fig. 43 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral margins brown. The yellow patch ranging from posterior scutum to scutellum oblong and ill-defined. Subscutellum yellow except for brown posterior half. Mediotergite brown, but katatergite yellow, anatergite yellow with distal brown patch (Fig. 43 E). Pleuron yellow with brown patches on propleuron centrally and on distal margins of notopleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum and meron (Fig. 43 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 43 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 43 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny grayish yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 43 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 43 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with one long tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising eight or nine fused long tubercle-like setae and an irregular row of several (4 - 5) small tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 43 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 43 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view (Fig. 43 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 43 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle - shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 43 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 43 H). Basiphallus with broad pale plate on left side and lightly sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 43 H). Hypophallus broad, membranous, and bilaterally asymmetrical; with a dark narrow sclerite on right side; medially with a pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 43 G, H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus, tapering distally (Fig. 43 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of dark short cuneiform sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented; with truncated, shortly flared unpigmented apex (Fig. 43 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 43 J). Female (Fig. 43 F). Similar to male. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 43 K-L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 43 K). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 4 length of cercus (Fig. 43 L). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 43 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C8994C01E1F5D90B4CE259490FFD52B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (caliginosus = misty) refers to the obscure yellow mark on the scutum, which resembles a dim spring moon.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4C8994C01E1F5D90B4CE259490FFD52B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu (Fig. 39).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC6F3E2CF58756C7995E2ED5F310F63F.taxon	description	Fig. 42	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC6F3E2CF58756C7995E2ED5F310F63F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.2 - 2.9 mm) having a pruinose dark brown scutum with an obscure oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb consisting of six long, fused, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC6F3E2CF58756C7995E2ED5F310F63F.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 42 A-E). Head: Head entirely yellow including ocellar tubercle and back of head (Fig. 42 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere brown, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 42 B). Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 42 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 42 D). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with a black medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural patches confluent with the medial stripe, and a pair of wide black bands (i. e., fused complex of intra-alar and supra-alar stripes) on anterior 7 / 8, which is confluent with the presutural patches and the medial stripe (Fig. 42 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral margins brown. The yellow patch ranging from posterior scutum to scutellum oblong and ill-defined. Subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite brown, but katatergite yellow, anatergite yellow with distal brown patch (Fig. 42 B). Pleuron yellow with brown patches on propleuron centrally and on distal margins of notopleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum and meron (Fig. 42 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 42 D). Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.4 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 42 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 0.87. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 42 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 42 G-K) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with one long tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six fused, long, tubercle-like setae and an irregular row of several (2 - 5) small tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 42 J). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 42 J). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view (Fig. 42 J). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 42 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, pointed, and cleft apically (Fig. 42 I). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 42 H), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 42 I). Basiphallus with a dark anterolateral plate on left side (Fig. 42 G). Hypophallus broad, membranous, and bilaterally asymmetrical; with a dark narrow sclerite on right side; medially with a pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 42 H-I). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus, tapering distally (Fig. 42 H, I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark cuneiform sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented; with truncated, shortly flared unpigmented apex (Fig. 42 H, I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with rounded blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 42 K). Female (Fig. 42 F). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 42 L, M) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 42 L). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 42 M). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 4 length of cercus (Fig. 42 M). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 42 L).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC6F3E2CF58756C7995E2ED5F310F63F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (chichibu) refers to the region where this species was found.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC6F3E2CF58756C7995E2ED5F310F63F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, around Chichibu mountains in the Kanto Region (Fig. 39).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
22B3ABC733915CC7A3062A1197061F58.taxon	description	Figs 22, 23	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
22B3ABC733915CC7A3062A1197061F58.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.0 - 2.2 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a hand-like comb comprising Four or five basally fused, long, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
22B3ABC733915CC7A3062A1197061F58.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 22 A-D). Head: Head entirely yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 22 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere black, pedicel yellow and scape light yellow. Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 22 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 22 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum yellow with a black medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural patches confluent with the medial stripe, and a pair of wide black bands on anterior 7 / 8, which is confluent with the presutural patches. Scutellum yellow with lateral margins brown (Fig. 22 D). Subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite brown, anatergite yellow, katatergite brown (Fig. 22 B). Pleuron largely yellow; propleuron with small brown patch on anterior-dorsal corner; anepisternum with a small spot on dorsal corner and a large brown patch near ventral margin; anepimeron with a narrow brown patch on anterior corner; katepisternum and meron with brown patches on venter (Fig. 22 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 22 D). Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 - 2.2 & nbsp; mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 22 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.8 - 1.9. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow (Fig. 22 A). Genitalia: (Fig. 22 F-J) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-lateral margin with a row of 5 - 7 short tubercle-like setae; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising three or four fused long tubercle-like setae; inner-lateral surface with an enlarged protrusion bearing a strong tubercle-like seta (Fig. 22 H, J). Surstylus rounded and bilobed; anterior lobe sparsely setose apically; posterior lobe with one stout tubercle-like seta and a long normal seta. Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of plate-like arms, each with a dorsal lobe bearing a seta (Fig. 22 H). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin. Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 22 G). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 22 F, G). Basiphallus with long narrow right sclerites and a short basal sclerite. Hypophallus broad and membranous; lateral margins lightly sclerotized, medially with a pair of fused narrow sclerites (Fig. 22 G). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest basally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 22 G). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal 1 / 3 composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal 2 / 3 cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 22 G). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with long stalk; sclerite of sperm pump with lateral extension; sperm pump clear (Fig. 22 I). Female (Fig. 22 E). Similar to male, but larger. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 23 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 23 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 23 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 23 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 23 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
22B3ABC733915CC7A3062A1197061F58.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (cometiformis = comet-shaped) refers to the oblong trail-leaving yellow pattern against the black background on the scutum, which resembles a comet.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
22B3ABC733915CC7A3062A1197061F58.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A8ECAF1C8535FE087DEE0C6F054A932.taxon	description	Figs 59, 60	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A8ECAF1C8535FE087DEE0C6F054A932.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small dark species (wing length 1.3 - 1.7 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum with a mid-posterior yellow margin, a yellow scutellum with dark lateral corners, a black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellowish brown legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with a long ventrally directed tubercle-like seta, inner-laterally with a tubercle like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising five fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of all Japanese Conocephalum spp.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A8ECAF1C8535FE087DEE0C6F054A932.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 59 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, frons yellowish brown, back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 59 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 59 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical (Fig. 59 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 59 D). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum pruinose gray, with a small yellow patch along midposterior margin (Fig. 59 D). Scutellum light yellow with lateral corner brown, subscutellum light yellow. Mediotergite and anatergite brown, katatergite light yellow (Fig. 59 E). Pleuron yellow with brownish patches on venter of propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, anepimeron, and meron (Fig. 59 B). Haltere brown. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish, basal half of femur paler (Fig. 59 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 59 D). Acrostichal setulae five or six pairs in irregular two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 59 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 59 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 59 G-K) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-subposterior surface with a l tubercle-like seta; inner-lateral margin with a long, anteriorly directed, tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 59 K). Surstylus oblong, curved inwards, setose apically, with two long tubercle-like setae on posterior subdistal margin (Fig. 59 K). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view, with pale plate-like arms. Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 59 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 59 I). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 59 G-I). Basiphallus with broad plate-like sclerite on left side. Hypophallus broad, membranous covered with microtrichia ventrally; medially with a pair of fused narrow ventrally incurved sclerites (Fig. 59 G-I). Paraphallus pale membranous, bilobed; medial axis and margin lightly sclerotized; paraphalli spread laterally, jointed basally, resembling 4 wings (Fig. 59 G-I). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 59 I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, widening toward truncated, flared apex (Fig. 59 I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and short broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 59 J). Female (Figs 59 F, 60 C). Similar to male, but slightly larger; color of scutellum darker. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 60 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 60 A). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 60 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 60 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 60 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A8ECAF1C8535FE087DEE0C6F054A932.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the larval feeding on Conocephalum liverworts.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
6A8ECAF1C8535FE087DEE0C6F054A932.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Yaku Island (Fig. 61).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC660752E10E56E9A0134CA0D9B34DC2.taxon	description	Fig. 13.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC660752E10E56E9A0134CA0D9B34DC2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.4 - 1.8 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with brownish yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, brown maxillary palpus, brown halteres, and brownish yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a comb comprising five long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Dumortiera hirsuta.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC660752E10E56E9A0134CA0D9B34DC2.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 13 A-D). Head: Head largely light yellow; ocellar triangle yellow but ocellar tubercle dark brown; back of head dark brown above foramen excluding margin (Fig. 13 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow. Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 13 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum brown with a large posterior trapezoid yellow patch adjacent to scutellum (Fig. 13 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral corner narrowly brown. Subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite, katatergite and anatergite brown. Pleuron yellow, but propleuron, meron, anepimeron centrally pale brown (Fig. 13 B). Haltere brown. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus dorsally brown (Fig. 13 D). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 13 D). Acrostichal setulae five pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.4 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 13 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown (Fig. 13 D). Genitalia: (Fig. 13 F-I) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with a stout tubercle-like seta; inner-ventral surface of epandrium with a comb comprising five fused long tubercle-like setae; inner-ventral margin with a row of several short tubercle-like setae (Fig. 13 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically but without tubercle-like seta. Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of posteriorly directed plate-like arms (Fig. 13 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 13 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, narrowly rounded, and cleft apically (Fig. 13 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 13 G), and articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 13 H). Basiphallus composing of a left anterodorsal sclerite and a right L-shaped lateral sclerite; former narrow, protruding rightward, the latter protruding ventrally (Fig. 13 G-H). Hypophallus broad and membranous, supported by one pair of fused sclerites ventrally (Fig. 13 G, H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, slightly shorter than distiphallus (Fig. 13 H). Distiphallus consists of a pair of moderately long tubules slightly diverging apically; basal half composed of dark narrow lobate sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 13 H). Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped with short broad stalk, broad base, and clear sperm pump (Fig. 13 F). Female (Fig. 13 E). Similar to male (Fig. 13 E). Wing length 1.4 - 1.8 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 13 K, L) Oviscape brown sparsely setigerous on lateral sides (Fig. 13 K). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 13 L). Cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, ca. 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 13 L). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 13 K). Immatures. (Fig. 13 J) Puparium internal, slender, and pale brown.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC660752E10E56E9A0134CA0D9B34DC2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (crepusculum = twilight) refers to the brownish yellow patch on the scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
FC660752E10E56E9A0134CA0D9B34DC2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima Island (Fig. 12).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B469994271C5909829862F00FE0BA49.taxon	description	Fig. 1	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B469994271C5909829862F00FE0BA49.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.7 - 1.8 mm) that has a pruinose yellow scutum with one medial and two pairs of gray lateral stripes, black 1 st flagellomeres, yellow maxillary palpi, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a comb consisting of six fused long tubercle-like setae, and surstylus with two tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantia polymorpha L.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B469994271C5909829862F00FE0BA49.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 1 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 1 A). Lunule distinct and slightly sunken. Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow. Arista subbasal, black pubescent. Eye upright, bare. Face slightly convex. Gena straight. Clypeus, face, and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 1 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with medial dark stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of wide dark intra-alar stripes and a pair of narrower dark supra-alar stripes, adjoining a pair of lateral presutural dark ovoid spots (Fig. 1 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Subscutellum with anterior half yellow, ventral half brown. Mediotergite brown, anatergite and katatergite yellow. Pleuron largely yellow, venters of katepisternum and meron brown. Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibiae and tarsi darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened in length anteriorly (Fig. 1 D). Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.7 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 1 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.7. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 1 B). Genitalia: (Fig. 1 H-J) Epandrium rounded apically, with a short tubercle-like seta on inner-middle surface, a comb comprising six long fused tubercle-like setae on inner-anterior surface, a few short tubercle-like setae immediately outward of the comb; and a row of minute tubercle-like setae on ventral inner margin (Fig. 1 J). Surstylus rounded, setose apically, with two short tubercle-like setae posteriorly. Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of medial flat, plate-like ventral processes and hook-shaped protrusion directing anteriorly (Fig. 1 J). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 1 H). Postgonite bare and broadly rounded apically (Fig. 1 I). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 1 I). Basiphallus with a narrow plate on left side (Fig. 1 I). Hypophallus membranous with a pair of small, parallel sclerites medially (Fig. 1 I). Paraphallus broad membranous, with pointed, lightly sclerotized margins; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, jointed basally (Fig. 1 H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, length similar to that of distiphallus. Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of dorsal bulbous dark sclerites and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented (Fig. 1 H). Female (Fig. 1 F, G). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 1.8 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 1 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 1 K). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 1 L). Sternite bearing four pairs of marginal setae. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 1 L). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 1 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B469994271C5909829862F00FE0BA49.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Thus far, recorded from Europe, North America, and Japan. The authors recorded only from southern Hokkaido (Fig. 2).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
214844B523DF5237817CA2B70B855E77.taxon	description	Figs 10, 11	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
214844B523DF5237817CA2B70B855E77.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large dark species (wing length 1.9 - 2.2 mm) having subshiny dark brown scutum, brownish yellow scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and dark gray legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an incomplete comb comprising three short, fused, tubercle-like setae medially. Larva mines the thallus of Dumortiera hirsuta.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
214844B523DF5237817CA2B70B855E77.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 10 A-D). Head: Head largely light yellow; ocellar triangle yellow but ocellar tubercle dark brown; front-orbital plate brown; back of head brown above foramen excluding margin (Fig. 10 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown. Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 10 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum dark brown with a pair of terminal yellow patches adjoining scutellum (Fig. 10 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral corner narrowly brown. Mediotergite, katatergite and anatergite dark brown. Pleuron yellow, lower half of anepisternum and anepimeron brown, meron and katepisternum brown (Fig. 10 B). Haltere light yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brown; tibia and tarsus dark brown. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae seven or eight pairs in two rows (Fig. 10 D). Wing: Wing length 1.9 & nbsp; mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 10 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.2. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown (Fig. 10 A). Genitalia: (Fig. 10 F-L) Epandrium dark brown rounded apically, onion-shaped in lateral view (Fig. 10 G); inner-anterior margin with two stout tubercle-like setae, and inner-lateral margin with an incomplete comb comprising three short, fused, tubercle-like setae medially (Fig. 10 K, L). Surstylus with a row of seven or eight strong setae apically and one or two stout tubercle-like setae posteriorly. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of long, ventrally directed arms; distal end flattened and expanded (Fig. 10 F). Hypandrium sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 10 F). Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped with a pointed apex (Fig. 10 J). Phallophorus articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 10 H, J). Basiphallus consisting of a pair of asymmetric dark narrow plate-like sclerites; both protruding ventrally (Fig. 10 F-H, J). Hypophallus broad and membranous with lateral margin sclerotized, medially with a pair of short converging sclerites (Fig. 10 H, J). Paraphallus narrow, membranous and distally pointed, with distal tip pigmented (Fig. 10 F-H, J). Mesophallus dark, turgid, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 10 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal 1 / 3 composed of dark sclerite basally and weaker medial region; distal 2 / 3 dark, claviform, tip rounded (Fig. 10 H). Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped with marginal pale area and broad stalk; base dark and wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 10 I). Female (Fig. 10 E). Similar to male, but slightly larger. Wing length 2.2 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 11 A, B) Oviscape dark brown sparsely setigerous (Fig. 11 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 11 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus. Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 11 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
214844B523DF5237817CA2B70B855E77.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to its host plant genus Dumortiera.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
214844B523DF5237817CA2B70B855E77.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yaku Island and Amami-oshima Island (Fig. 12).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D32F57BDA41F5A6D96915338F8693DCC.taxon	description	Figs 29, 30	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D32F57BDA41F5A6D96915338F8693DCC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.6 - 2.0 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long hypertrophied arm which apically bears a dark, long, apically flattened, obliquely truncated tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D32F57BDA41F5A6D96915338F8693DCC.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 29 A-E). Head: Head entirely yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 29 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel yellow and scape light yellow. Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons with brownish pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 29 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 29 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny, with a brown medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, and a pair of adjacent wide brown bands on anterior 7 / 8 (Fig. 29 D). Scutellum and subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite brown, anatergite and katatergite yellow. Pleuron largely yellow; propleuron with small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; anepisternum with two small spots on anterior and posterior corners; anepimeron with an oblique narrow brown patch on anterior corner; katepisternum and meron with brown patches on venter (Fig. 29 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 29 B). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 29 D). Acrostichal setulae 6 - 8 pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.6 - 1.9 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 29 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.5 - 1.8. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow (Fig. 29 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 29 G-L) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-anterior margin with two short tubercle-like setae; inner-lateral surface with a basally enlarged, extremely extended, ventrally curved arm, bearing an apically flattened, obliquely truncated, tubercle-like seta borne (Fig. 29 I, J, L). Surstylus long, narrow, setose apically. Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite consisting of a pair of dorsal and ventral arms; ventral arm narrow, extended, plate-like, with hooked apex and a long basal seta; dorsal arm also plate-like but shorter, with a seta basally (Fig. 29 I). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 29 G). Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped, with sideward pointed apex (Fig. 29 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 29 H). Basiphallus with a pair of expanded lightly sclerotized lateral plates. Hypophallus broad, membranous, and bilaterally asymmetrical; right margin sclerotized; medially with a pair of dark fused sclerites (Fig. 29 H). Paraphalli lobate, lightly sclerotized; diverging and angled anteroventrally (Fig. 29 H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 29 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of lateral dark slender sclerite and weaker medial region; covered by membrane bearing four pairs of minute arrowhead-like lateral sclerites; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, shortly flared apex (Fig. 29 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 29 K). Female (Fig. 29 F). Similar to male, but larger, the lateral bands on scutum more grayish and more pruinose. Wing length 1.8 - 2.0 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 30 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 29 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 29 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 29 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 29 A). Immatures. (Fig. 30 D-F) Puparium internal, slender, and pale brown, with anterior spiracles just protruded from epidermis of mined thallus.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D32F57BDA41F5A6D96915338F8693DCC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (falcata = sickle-shaped) refers to the sickle-shaped tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D32F57BDA41F5A6D96915338F8693DCC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Tsushima Island (Fig. 31).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65846D6797175F3CBBC61D8052652938.taxon	description	Fig. 70	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65846D6797175F3CBBC61D8052652938.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.1 - 1.3 mm) having a subshiny black scutum, black scutellum with small yellow spot centrally, yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with one strong tubercle-like seta. Distiphalli tapering toward apex, fused after meeting, elongated over the length of phallapodeme. Larva mines the thallus of a hornwort, Folioceros fuciformis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65846D6797175F3CBBC61D8052652938.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 70 A-D). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, and back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 70 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere yellow, only narrow area around base of arista grayish; pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 70 B). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons brownish yellow, with reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, light yellow; palpus light yellow, ovate (Fig. 70 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 70 D). Orbital setulae minute and proclinate, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum pruinose black (Fig. 70 D). Scutellum black, medially with a small, obscure yellow patch. Subscutellum pale yellow. Mediotergite dark gray, anatergite brown, and katatergite pale yellow (Fig. 70 B). Pleuron largely pale yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; propleuron with a small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; notopleuron with narrow brown patch on anterior-lower margin; anepisternum and anepimeron without brown spot; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 70 B). Haltere grayish yellow, with stalk paler. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments pale yellow; femur of foreleg with narrow brown subdistal patch frontally; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 70 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 70 D). Acrostichal setae three or four pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.3 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 70 A). M 4 disappears immediately before reaching wing margin. Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.7. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellowish brown; epandrium brown (Fig. 70 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 70 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with one strong tubercle-like seta (Fig. 70 J). Surstylus small, spatula-shaped, setose apically (Fig. 70 J). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite vestigial. Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 70 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 70 I). Phallophorus with shallow incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 70 I). Basiphallus with dark narrow dorsal sclerite and apically bilobed pale ventral sclerite (Fig. 70 I). Hypophallus membranous with microtrichia, (Fig. 70 I). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus cylindrical, laterally and dorsally sclerotized, parallel-sided (Fig. 70 I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of tubules, with dark dorsal shoehorn-shaped sclerites basally; the tubules thin, fused after meeting, elongated over the length of phallapodeme (Fig. 70 G). Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped, with short broad stalk and dark base; sperm pump clear (Fig. 70 H). Female (Fig. 70 E-F). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 1.1 & nbsp; mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 70 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 70 K). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, same length as cercus (Fig. 70 L). Spermathecae semi-orbicular; with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 70 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65846D6797175F3CBBC61D8052652938.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the host plant genus Folioceros.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65846D6797175F3CBBC61D8052652938.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Kyushu (Fig. 71). Recorded only from the type locality.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C2B4E586FB37519DA92E05D8E21AC92F.taxon	description	Figs 52, 53	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C2B4E586FB37519DA92E05D8E21AC92F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.8 - 2.1 mm) having a pruinose light yellow scutum and scutellum, a yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising three or four long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum and C. purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C2B4E586FB37519DA92E05D8E21AC92F.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 52 A-E). Head: Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 52 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 52 B). Arista subbasal, black but basally yellow, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 52 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 52 D). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum entirely light yellow (Fig. 52 D). Scutellum, subscutellum, mediotergite, anatergite, and katatergite yellow (Fig. 52 E). Pleuron entirely yellow (Fig. 52 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 52 D). Acrostichal setulae five or six pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 52 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1 - 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown (Fig. 52 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 52 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with an elongated tubercle-like seta, whose tip is slightly spread and flattened; inner-basal surface with a comb comprising 3 - 5 fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and a row of two short tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 52 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 52 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped, with bilobed dorsal plate and a pair of pale plate-like arms (Fig. 52 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 52 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 52 G). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 52 G, H). Basiphallus with broad plate on left side and lightly sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 52 G, H). Hypophallus hood-shaped, membranous covered with microtrichia ventrally; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of fused narrow sclerites (Fig. 52 H). Paraphallus pale membranous, undefined (Fig. 52 H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus. Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of dark sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, pigmented; widening toward inflated, truncated apex (Fig. 52 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 52 J). Female (Figs 52 F, 53 E). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 2.1 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 53 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 53 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 53 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 53 B). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 53 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C2B4E586FB37519DA92E05D8E21AC92F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (helvus = pale yellow) refers to pale yellow body and antennae of this species.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
C2B4E586FB37519DA92E05D8E21AC92F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu (Fig. 50). Co-occurs with P. luteola.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4ED5243AA8C65E0EB190495FA77138D7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head: Head yellow, frons often with pruinosity. Orbital plates more or less emerge from the plane of frons. Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward and two ors directed up. 1 - 2 (3) pairs of medio-clinate lower orbital setae, two pairs of reclinate upper orbital setae. Orbital setulae proclinate, upright or partly reclinate. Postocellar and ocellar setae well developed. First flagellomere round. Thorax: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals. Acrostichal setulae in two rows, but lacking in some species. Postpronotal, two propleural, presutural, and propleural setae normal or strong. Anepisternum with a long posterior seta and with two or three shorter posterior setae. Katepisternum with one or two long setae. Legs simple, only ventroapical seta on middle tibia present. Costal vein ends at apex of M 1. The ratio of ultimate and penultimate sections of M 4 various. Abdomen: Male abdomen lacks stridulatory organs. Male genitalia: Epandrium round apically, often with a comb of several fused tubercle-like setae and / or elongated tubercle-like setae on the inner surface; surstylus setigerous and sometimes with one or a few tubercle-like setae. Subepandrial sclerite short but very broad, connecting bases of surstyli through a special sclerite. Hypandrium very long but very thin. Hypophallus membranous often with a pair of parallel sclerites medially. Paraphallus present or absent. Mesophallus cylindrical and well sclerotized. Distiphallus with basal part formed by usually a paired sclerite and an apical part, which terminates in paired tubes or in extremely long less sclerotized tubules. Ejaculatory apodeme variable, but basal part usually broad and blade not too large. Female postabdomen: Tergite 10 trifurcate or cruciform posteriorly. Cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F9AF04D82EF2567E88D9828E1A0C131B.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F9AF04D82EF2567E88D9828E1A0C131B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.0 - 2.1 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum with a trapezoid yellow patch medially on posterior 1 / 3, a yellow scutellum, black 1 st flagellomeres, yellow maxillary palpi, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantia polymorpha.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F9AF04D82EF2567E88D9828E1A0C131B.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 3 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, frons yellowish brown, back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 3 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow. Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 3 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum dark gray with a trapezoid pale yellow patch medially on posterior 1 / 3 (Fig. 3 D). Scutellum pale yellow. Subscutellum with anterior half yellow, ventral half brown. Mediotergite brown, anatergite and katatergite yellow (Fig. 3 B). Pleuron yellow; propleuron with small brownish spots on venter; anepisternum with three brown spots on anterior and middle dorsal margins and middle venter; several small brown spots on anepimeron, katepisternum and meron with brow patches on venter (Fig. 3 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray (Fig. 3 B). Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 3 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 3 D). Acrostichal setulae six or seven pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.1 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 3 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3 - 1.7. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow, with a pair of brown lateral semicircular patches on anterior half of the 2 nd tergite; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 3 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 3 F-I). Epandrium rounded apically, with a long tubercle-like seta on subposterior inner-lateral surface; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 3 I). Surstylus hood-like, curved inward, setose apically, with single long tubercle-like seta on outer distal margin. Cercus narrow, setose, with a strong seta apically (Fig. 3 I). Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of flat, pale, blade-like ventral process and one pair of setae outward (Fig. 3 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 3 F). Postgonite bare and broadly rounded apically (Fig. 3 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 3 F, G). Basiphallus with a narrow plate on left side; length similar to that of mesophallus (Fig. 3 G). Hypophallus broad, membranous, medially with a pair of fused linear sclerites; distal half diverging (Fig. 3 G). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, slightly shorter than distiphallus (Fig. 3 G). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of ventral dark bulbous sclerite and weaker medial region curving outward; distal half cylindrical and well-pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 3 G). Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped, blade pale with clear margin, with narrow stalk, broad base, and clear sperm pump. Female. Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 2.1 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 3 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous. Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 3 K). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length (Fig. 3 L). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 3 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F9AF04D82EF2567E88D9828E1A0C131B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (igniculus = small fire) refers to the yellow oblong patch on the scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
F9AF04D82EF2567E88D9828E1A0C131B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido and Honshu (Fig. 2).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
7C29E49ECD8D5E1E8DF887380F61E994.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
7C29E49ECD8D5E1E8DF887380F61E994.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.4 - 1.7 mm) having pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellow legs. Scutum lacks acrostichal setulae. Male epandrium lacks tubercle-like seta; distiphallus of male genitalia tapering apically. Larva mines the thallus of Asterella liukiuensis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
7C29E49ECD8D5E1E8DF887380F61E994.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 20 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, frons brownish yellow, back of head dark brown (Fig. 20 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 20 B). Arista subbasal, black pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, light yellow; palpus light yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 20 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 20 D). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum and scutellum dark brown (Fig. 20 B). Mediotergite brown, anatergite with circular brown patches on venter, and katatergite yellow (Fig. 20 E). Pleuron largely pale yellow, katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 20 B). Haltere brown with pale yellow stalk. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments dark yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 20 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 20 D). Acrostichal setulae lacking. Wing: Wing length 1.4 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 20 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 2.0 - 2.4. M 4 disappear before reaching wing margin. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellowish brown (Fig. 20 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 20 G-J) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with a tubercle-like seta; inner-lateral margin with three tubercle-like setae (Fig. 20 H). Surstylus elongated, broad basally, sparsely setose apically (Fig. 20 H). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite comprising a pair of plate-like arms (Fig. 20 H). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 20 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically; upper lobe pointed apically, lower lobe rounded (Fig. 20 I). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 20 G, I). Basiphallus longer than mesophallus, dorsally sclerotized (Fig. 20 G). Hypophallus broad, membranous, medially with a pair of fused sclerites (Fig. 20 G, I). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus short, sclerotized dorsally and ventrally in basal 2 / 3; shorter than distiphallus (Fig. 20 G, I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of tubules; basal half dorsally pigmented, with small ventral sclerite basally, distal half unpigmented and tapering toward tip (Fig. 20 G, I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and narrow fan-shaped with long stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 20 J). Female (Fig. 20 F). Similar to male, but slightly larger; scutum paler, abdomen dorsally paler, and legs paler than male. Wing length 1.7 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 20 K) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
7C29E49ECD8D5E1E8DF887380F61E994.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality, Iriomote Island.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
7C29E49ECD8D5E1E8DF887380F61E994.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan (Honshu). Recorded only from Iriomote Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago (Fig. 21).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4889FE470D595ABC85ADC98B34251F8D.taxon	description	Figs 40, 41	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4889FE470D595ABC85ADC98B34251F8D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.4 - 2.5 mm) having a pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and a pair of dark brown lateral stripes, a yellow scutellum with dark lateral corners, black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-distally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb consisting of 9 - 12 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum and C. orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4889FE470D595ABC85ADC98B34251F8D.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 40 A-D). Head: Head entirely yellow including ocellar tubercle and back of head (Fig. 40 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 40 B). Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 40 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 40 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum yellow with a black medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural patches confluent with the medial stripe, and a pair of wide black bands (i. e., fused complex of intra-alar and supra-alar stripes) on anterior 7 / 8, which is confluent with the presutural patches (Fig. 40 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral margins brown (Fig. 40 A, B). Subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite brown, but katatergite yellow, anatergite yellow with distal brown patch (Fig. 40 B). Pleuron yellow with brown patches on propleuron centrally and on distal margins of notopleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum and meron (Fig. 40 C). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 40 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 40 D). Acrostichal setulae in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.4 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 40 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 0.87. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny grayish yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 40 B). Genitalia: (Fig. 40 G, K) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with one tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising 9 - 12 fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and an irregular row of several (3 - 5) small tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 40 J). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one (rarely 2 or 3) long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 40 J). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view, dorsal lobe with one seta (Fig. 40 J). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 40 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, and cleft apically (Fig. 40 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 40 H, K). Basiphallus with dark broad lateral plate on left side and sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 40 H). Hypophallus broad, membranous, and bilaterally asymmetrical; with a dark narrow sclerite on right side; medially with a pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 40 K). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, 3 / 5 length of distiphallus, tapering distally (Fig. 40 K). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark cuneiform sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented; with truncated, shortly flared unpigmented apex (Fig. 40 H, K). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with short broad stalk and clear sperm pump (Fig. 40 I). Female (Fig. 40 E, F). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 2.3 & nbsp; mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 41 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 41 A). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 41 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 4 length of cercus (Fig. 41 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 41 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4889FE470D595ABC85ADC98B34251F8D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name izayoi is a Japanese word meaning 16 th moon, and refers to the non-circular yellow pattern of scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
4889FE470D595ABC85ADC98B34251F8D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku (Fig. 39).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
3922282734A0505D9F066B46FD8A05CF.taxon	description	Fig. 58	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
3922282734A0505D9F066B46FD8A05CF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized dark species (wing length 1.8 - 1.9 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum with mid-posterior yellow margin, yellow scutellum with dark lateral corners, black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellowish brown legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long ventrally directed tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a siku-shaped comb comprising seven fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
3922282734A0505D9F066B46FD8A05CF.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 58 A-D). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, frons yellowish brown, back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 58 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 58 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical (Fig. 58 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 58 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum pruinose gray, with a small yellow patch along midposterior margin (Fig. 58 D). Scutellum light yellow with lateral corner brown, subscutellum light yellow. Mediotergite and anatergite brown, katatergite light yellow (Fig. 58 B). Pleuron yellow with brownish patches on venter of propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, anepimeron, and meron (Fig. 58 C). Haltere yellow but light yellow basally. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish, basal half of femur paler (Fig. 58 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 58 B). Acrostichal setulae five or six pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 58 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 58 B). Genitalia: (Fig. 58 F-I) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with a long, anteriorly directed, tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a siku-shaped comb comprising seven fused tubercle-like setae, which are reduced in length toward base of surstylus (Fig. 58 H, I). Surstylus rounded, curved inwards, setose subapically, with one long tubercle-like seta apically (Fig. 58 H). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of plate-like arms, each having a posterior lobe with trilobed projection and ventrally projected lateral plates (Fig. 58 H). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 58 F). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, pointed apically (Fig. 58 F). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 58 F, G). Basiphallus with pale broad plate-like sclerite on left side (Fig. 58 F). Hypophallus broad, membranous covered with microtrichia ventrally; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of fused, narrow, ventrally incurved sclerites (Fig. 58 F, G). Paraphallus pale, membranous, and wing-like; posterior margins lightly sclerotized; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, jointed basally (Fig. 58 F, G). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 58 G). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, widening toward truncated, flared apex (Fig. 58 G). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with short broad stalk and clear sperm pump (Fig. 58 F). Female (Fig. 58 E, O). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 58 J, K) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 58 J). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 58 K). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 58 K). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 58 J).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
3922282734A0505D9F066B46FD8A05CF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (lanterna = lantern) refers to the faint yellow spot on the scutellum, which reminds us of a lantern light.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
3922282734A0505D9F066B46FD8A05CF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Hachijo Island, and Yaku Island (Fig. 55).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
37EBF15E01AC5AB8A65F13945BB01B43.taxon	description	Figs 27, 28	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
37EBF15E01AC5AB8A65F13945BB01B43.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.5 - 1.6 mm) having a subshiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral black stripes, yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising six fused long tubercle-like setae, and inner-subdistally with an extremely elongated arm, which apically bears two dark, diverging, ventrally curved, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
37EBF15E01AC5AB8A65F13945BB01B43.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 27 A-E). Head: Head entirely yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 27 C). Antenna porrect, yellow. Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons with brownish reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 27 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 27 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny yellow. Scutum with medial black stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural spots confluent with the medial stripe, a pair of narrow black supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider black intra-alar stripes, which adjoin the pair of lateral presutural black suborbicular spots (Fig. 27 D). Mediotergite brown, anatergite yellow, katatergite brown (Fig. 27 E). Pleuron largely yellow (the background color sometimes grayish in some localities); propleuron with small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; anepisternum with two small spots on anterior and posterior corners; anepimeron with a narrow brown patch on anterior corner; katepisternum and meron with brown patches on venter (Fig. 27 B). Haltere yellow, while dorsal surface grayish yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 27 D). Acrostichal setulae five pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 1.5 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 27 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.6. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow (Fig. 27 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 27 H-L) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-lateral margin with a row of four short tubercle-like setae; inner-subdistal margin with an extremely elongated arm, bearing two, dark, ventrally curved, tubercle-like setae borne at wide angle (90 - 120 °); inner-basal surface with a comb comprising 4 - 6 fused tubercle-like setae (Fig. 27 K). Surstylus lobate, directed inwards, setose apically, with one short tubercle-like seta subapically (Fig. 27 K). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of flat, pale, ventral lobes, each of which bearing a long seta subapically (Fig. 27 K). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 27 H). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically; upper lobe pointed apically (Fig. 27 K). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 27 I), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 27 J). Basiphallus dorsally sclerotized with basal expanded lobes (Fig. 27 I, J). Hypophallus broad, lightly sclerotized, lateral lobes expanded anteriorly like wings, clear tubule emerging from median part (Fig. 27 I). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, constricted subapically. Paraphalli membranous, rounded and expanded ventrally, bilaterally asymmetrical; right one larger than left one (Fig. 27 I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of lateral dark lanceolate sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, flared clear apex (Fig. 27 J). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 27 L). Female (Fig. 27 F, G). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 1.6 & nbsp; mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 28 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 28 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 28 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 3 / 4 length of cercus (Fig. 28 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 28 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
37EBF15E01AC5AB8A65F13945BB01B43.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (longus = long, furca = fork) refers to extremely elongated, apically biforked tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
37EBF15E01AC5AB8A65F13945BB01B43.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku (Fig. 26).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5C4DC8101BD850B2ACDA588EEB5E8911.taxon	description	Figs 37, 38	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5C4DC8101BD850B2ACDA588EEB5E8911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.7 - 2.9 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and a pair of dark brown lateral stripes, entirely yellow scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-distally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb consisting of 7 - 9 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum and C. purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5C4DC8101BD850B2ACDA588EEB5E8911.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 37 A-E). Head: Head entirely yellow including ocellar tubercle and back of head (Fig. 37 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 37 B). Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 37 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 37 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum yellow with a black medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural patches confluent with the medial stripe, and a pair of wide black bands (i. e., fused complex of intra-alar and supra-alar stripes) on anterior 7 / 8, which is confluent with the presutural patches (Fig. 37 D). Scutellum and subscutellum entirely yellow (Fig. 37 D). Mediotergite brown, but katatergite yellow, anatergite yellow with distal brown patch (Fig. 37 E). Pleuron yellow with brown patches on propleuron centrally and on distal margins of anepisternum, katepisternum, and meron (Fig. 37 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 37 B). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 37 D). Acrostichal setulae 8 - 10 pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.7 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 37 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 37 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 37 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with one tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising 7 - 9 fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and an irregular row of several (4 - 7) small tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 37 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one (rarely 2 or 3) tubercle-like seta ventrally (Fig. 37 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped (Fig. 37 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 37 H). Postgonite bare, rounded apically, cleft subapically (Fig. 37 K). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 37 H). Basiphallus dorsally sclerotized (Fig. 37 H). Hypophallus broad, membranous, with one pair of dark narrow long sclerites along margins; medially with one pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 37 G, H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, 3 / 5 shorter than distiphallus, tapering distally (Fig. 37 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules parallel to each other at base; basal half composed of ventral dark subrectangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented; apex truncated, shortly flared unpigmented (Fig. 37 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with short broad stalk, stout base, and clear sperm pump (Fig. 37 J). Female (Fig. 37 F). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider, black lateral stripes of scutum wider and almost confluent with medial stripe. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 37 L-N) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 37 L). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 37 M). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 4 length of cercus (Fig. 37 M). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 37 N).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5C4DC8101BD850B2ACDA588EEB5E8911.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the moon; a clear, rounded, yellow pattern on the scutum was likened to a full moon.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5C4DC8101BD850B2ACDA588EEB5E8911.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku (Fig. 39).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B4B5EE7E88D522D93BAA57B159DDE3D.taxon	description	Fig. 51	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B4B5EE7E88D522D93BAA57B159DDE3D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9 - 2.0 mm) having pruinose, entirely yellow scutum and scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 3 - 5 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum, C. orientalis, and C. purpureorubrum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B4B5EE7E88D522D93BAA57B159DDE3D.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 51 A-E). Head: Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 51 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 51 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 51 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 51 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with medial pale brownish stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of narrow pale brownish supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider, pale brownish intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural pale brownish ovoid spots (Fig. 51 D). Scutellum, subscutellum, mediotergite, anatergite and katatergite yellow (Fig. 51 D). Pleuron entirely yellow (Fig. 51 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 51 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 51 D). Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 51 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1 - 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown (Fig. 51 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 51 G-K) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with an elongated tubercle-like seta, whose tip is slightly spread and flattened; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising three to five fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and a row of 1 - 3 short tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 51 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior basal margin (Fig. 51 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped. Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 51 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 51 J). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 51 G). Basiphallus with broad plate on left side and with lightly sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 51 G, H). Hypophallus membranous, covered with microtrichia ventrally; with margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of dark fused, dorsally incurved narrow sclerites (Fig. 51 J). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 51 G). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, pigmented; widening toward inflated, truncated apex (Fig. 51 J). Ejaculatory apodeme pale, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base widened to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 51 K). Female (Fig. 51 F). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider., mediotergite sometimes brownish. Wing length 1.9 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 51 L, M) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous. Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus. Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B4B5EE7E88D522D93BAA57B159DDE3D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (luteola = yellow) refers to totally yellow body of the species.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
5B4B5EE7E88D522D93BAA57B159DDE3D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu (Fig. 50).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
190EAA651A7051A2B2CEABEBB1717315.taxon	description	Figs 6, 7	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
190EAA651A7051A2B2CEABEBB1717315.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.6 - 1.8 mm) having dark gray scutum, dark-cornered yellow scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, black maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and brown legs. Male epandrium with a comb comprising seven or eight fused long tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantia spp.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
190EAA651A7051A2B2CEABEBB1717315.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 6 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, frons light yellow, back of head dark brown (Fig. 6 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown. Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 6 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum pruinose gray, with a dark gray medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of dark gray lateral stripes, and with narrow yellow patch along posterior margin (Fig. 6 D). Scutellum light yellow with lateral corners widely brownish. Subscutellum brown with anterior margin light yellow. Mediotergite, anatergite and katatergite dark brown. Pleuron largely yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; notopleuron with brown narrow spot along anterior lower margin; anepisternum and anepimeron with brown venters; katepisternum and meron with dark brown patches on venter (Fig. 6 B). Haltere yellowish gray, with yellow stalk. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brown; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 6 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 6 D). Acrostichal setulae five or six pairs largely in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.6 - 1.7 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 6 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.6 - 1.8. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown (Fig. 6 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 6 G-M) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically, inner-lateral surface medially with one tubercle-like setae; inner-anterior surface ventrally with a comb comprising eight fused long tubercle-like setae; ventral margin with a row of several minute tubercle-like setae (Fig. 6 I, L). Surstylus subrectangular, setose apically. Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of spines and one pair of plate-like ventral processes; tips hook-like (Fig. 6 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin. Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 6 H). Phallophorus with shallow incision below (Fig. 6 J), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 6 H, K). Basiphallus with subtriangular dorsal sclerite; 2 / 3 x as long as mesophallus (Fig. 6 H, K). Hypophallus subtriangular membranous, lined with numerous microtrichia ventrally, medially with a pair of fused linear pale sclerites (Fig. 6 H, K). Paraphalli consisting of a pair of incurved narrow pigmented sclerites and a pair of triangular plate-like pigmented sclerites (Fig. 6 H, K). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, slightly longer than distiphallus (Fig. 6 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of ventral dark scalpel-shaped sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 6 H, K). Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped, blade pale with apical half clear; sclerite of sperm pump with lateral extension; sperm pump clear (Fig. 6 M). Female (Fig. 6 I-K). Similar to male, but scutellum darker than male (Fig. 6 F). Wing length 1.6 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 7 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 7 A). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 7 B). Cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus. Spermathecae semi-orbicular (Fig. 7 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
190EAA651A7051A2B2CEABEBB1717315.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to host plant genus, Marchantia.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
190EAA651A7051A2B2CEABEBB1717315.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu (Fig. 2).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
B329DE62E344544C9E074C524418D728.taxon	description	Figs 72, 73	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
B329DE62E344544C9E074C524418D728.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.2 - 1.4 mm) having a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, black maxillary palpus, dark gray halteres, and dark gray legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae; surstylus with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of a riparian hornwort, Megaceros flagellaris.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
B329DE62E344544C9E074C524418D728.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 72 A-E). Head: Head dark yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, and back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 72 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 72 B). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons brownish yellow, with reflective pruinosity. Clypeus narrow, brown with apical half yellow; slightly protruding. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena dark yellow (Fig. 72 C). Proboscis normal, light yellow; palpus dark brown, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 72 B). Orbital setulae minute and proclinate, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose, dark gray. Scutum pruinose, dark brown; scutellum pruinose, brown; subscutellum light yellow (Fig. 72 D). Mediotergite subshiny, dark brown, anatergite and katatergite brown (Fig. 72 E). Pleuron largely dark yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown patch; propleuron with a small brown patch on anterior corner; notopleuron yellowish brown; anepisternum dark yellow with lower-half yellowish brown; anepimeron with anterior brown patch; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 72 B). Haltere brown. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments dark brown; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 72 A); distal half of coxa and basal half of femur of foreleg pale yellow frontally (Fig. 72 C). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 72 D). Acrostichal setae two or three pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 72 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.6 - 1.8. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium brown (Fig. 72 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 72 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; distal margin with several long setae; inner-basal margin with a comb comprising five or six fused dark long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 72 H). Surstylus rounded, apically with a comb comprising five or six fused dark long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 72 H). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite dark, with a pair of pale, elongated, fused, plate-like dorsal lobes (Fig. 72 H). Hypandrium thin, sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 72 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically (Fig. 72 G). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 72 J). Basiphallus membranous, with dorsal surface sclerotized. Hypophallus small, with a pair of asymmetrical narrow sclerites; the left one is longer than the right one (Fig. 72 G, J). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus cylindrical, with a pair of dorsolateral sclerites (Fig. 72 J). Distiphallus comprising one pair of tubules; the tubules adjoining only at the base, tapering toward tip, with outer-lateral sides pigmented, extending up to half point of phallapodeme, becoming paler apically (Fig. 72 J). Ejaculatory apodeme brownish, spatula-shaped with short, broad stalk; base dark and wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 72 I). Female (Fig. 72 F). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 1.4 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 72 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 72 K). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 72 L). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 72 L). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 72 K). Immatures. (Fig. 73 D) Puparium internal, slender, brown, and slightly flattened, with posterior 1 / 3 tapering.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
B329DE62E344544C9E074C524418D728.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the host plant genus Megaceros.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
B329DE62E344544C9E074C524418D728.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Kyushu and Yaku Island (Fig. 71).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2AA427AB452E5FE5BEEAB5696048C57E.taxon	description	Fig. 46, 47	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2AA427AB452E5FE5BEEAB5696048C57E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 2.2 - 2.3 mm) uniquely having sexual dimorphism in color of the 1 st flagellomere: male yellow, female black. The adult has a pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of black stripes, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 6 - 8 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2AA427AB452E5FE5BEEAB5696048C57E.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 46 A-C). Head: Head yellow, with ocellar tubercle pale brown and back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 46 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere yellow, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 46 A). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow (Fig. 46 C). Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 46 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 46 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum yellow with medial black stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of narrow black supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider black intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural black ovoid spots (Fig. 46 B). Scutellum and subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite brown, katatergite yellow, and anatergite yellow with venter brown (Fig. 46 A). Pleuron yellow with postpronotal lobe faintly brown anteriorly, venter of katepisternum and meron brown (Fig. 46 A). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 46 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 46 B). Acrostichal setulae 8 - 10 pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 46 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1 - 1.2. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown (Fig. 46 A). Genitalia: (Fig. 46 H-L) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with a long tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising 6 - 8 fused long tubercle-like setae and an irregular row of several (2 - 4) small tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 46 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one (rarely 2) long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 46 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in posterior view; dorsal lobe with one seta (Fig. 46 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 46 H). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, pointed and cleft apically (Fig. 46 L). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 46 H). Basiphallus with pale broad lateral plate on left side and lightly sclerotized dorsal margin (Fig. 46 H). Hypophallus hood-shaped, membranous; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of dark fused sclerites incurved ventrally, which have small lateral transparent wings (Fig. 46 H, I). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest basally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 46 I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, constricted subdistally; with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 46 I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with hammerhead-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 46 K). Female (Fig. 46 D-G). Similar to male, but larger, first flagellomere black with yellowish base; pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 46 F). Wing length 2.32 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 47 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 47 A). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 47 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 47 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 47 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2AA427AB452E5FE5BEEAB5696048C57E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (nigra = black, flava = yellow) refers to heterosexually different colors of flagellomere: precisely, the male and female of this species have a yellow and a black flagellomere, respectively.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2AA427AB452E5FE5BEEAB5696048C57E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu (Fig. 45). The distribution is restricted in cool-temperate subalpine forests in high altitudes.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2120AFBE634750BEB76E25D25A4D841B.taxon	description	Figs 8, 9	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2120AFBE634750BEB76E25D25A4D841B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small black species (wing length 1.3 - 1.6 mm) having subshiny black scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and brownish legs. Male epandrium with a comb comprising seven fused tubercle-like setae, and surstylus with a comb comprising three fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantia emarginata cuneiloba, M. papillata grossibarba and M. pinnata.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2120AFBE634750BEB76E25D25A4D841B.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 8 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar triangle yellow but ocellar tubercle dark brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 8 C). Frons light yellow, with reflective pruinosity. Antenna porrect, first flagellomere dark brown, pedicel and scape brown. Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, pale yellow; palpus dark yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 8 B). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 8 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum black. Scutellum black, medially with a small, obscure yellow patch; subscutellum black, anterior margin light yellow (Fig. 8 D). Mediotergite dark brown, anatergite and katatergite light yellow. Pleuron largely light yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown patch; notopleuron brownish yellow; anepisternum and anepimeron grayish yellow with brown spots on venters; katepisternum an meron with large dark brown patches on venter (Fig. 8 B). Haltere light yellow, stalk grayish yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brown; basal half of femur brownish yellow. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 8 D). Acrostichal setulae five pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.3 & nbsp; mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 8 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.0 - 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny dark brown. Genitalia: (Fig. 8 G-L) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically, inner-lateral surface with a comb comprising seven or eight fused long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 8 I). Surstylus rounded; curved inwards, only sparsely setose apically; with a comb comprising three long fused tubercle-like setae on posterior margin (Fig. 8 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of pale, broad, plate-like ventral process (Fig. 8 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 8 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, and cleft apically; upper lobe pointed apically (Fig. 8 K). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 8 G), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus. Basiphallus 1 / 2 length of mesophallus (Fig. 8 H). Basiphallus with narrow plate-like dorsal sclerite (Fig. 8 H). Hypophallus membranous with lateral margins lightly sclerotized, medially with a pair of fused linear ventrally incurved sclerites (Fig. 8 H, L). Paraphallus membranous supported by a pair of narrow plate-like pigmented sclerites (Fig. 8 H, L). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, S-curved in lateral view, longer than distiphallus (Fig. 8 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; each cylindrical, with a weak constriction medially, dorsally and laterally pigmented; with truncated apex; opening with indentation (Fig. 8 H). Ejaculatory apodeme wide fan-shaped with narrow stalk and stout base; sperm pump clear with ventral sclerotized bar (Fig. 8 J). Female (Fig. 8 F). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 1.4 - 1.6 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 9 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 9 A). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 9 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 9 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular (Fig. 9 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2120AFBE634750BEB76E25D25A4D841B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name nubatama is a Japanese word meaning glossy black seed of the blackberry lily (Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt & Mabb.), to which morphology of adult fly's scutum of this species is likened.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
2120AFBE634750BEB76E25D25A4D841B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Amami, Okinawa and Yaeyama Islands (Fig. 2).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6B141576CCE5DCB81FD78514B4D73F6.taxon	description	Fig. 49	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6B141576CCE5DCB81FD78514B4D73F6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9 - 2.0 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with two pairs of pale brown stripes, a black 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 3 - 5 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6B141576CCE5DCB81FD78514B4D73F6.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 49 A-E). Head: Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 49 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 49 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 49 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 49 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with a medial brownish yellow stripe on anterior 2 / 3, with a pair of narrow pale brown supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider pale brown intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural pale brown ovoid spots (Fig. 49 B). Scutellum, subscutellum, mediotergite, anatergite and katatergite yellow (Fig. 49 E). Pleuron entirely yellow (Fig. 49 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 49 D). Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 49 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.1 - 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown (Fig. 49 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 49) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with an elongated tubercle-like seta, whose tip papillate; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six or seven fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and a row of 2 - 5 short tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 49 J). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 49 J). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view; dorsal lobe plate-like, with a pair of setae basally (Fig. 49 J). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 49 G). Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 49 G). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 49 G, I). Basiphallus with broad plate on left side and lightly sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 49 G). Hypophallus membranous, covered with microtrichia ventrally; with margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of dark fused, ventrally incurved narrow sclerites; a small tubule protruding ventrally from subdistal center of the membrane (Fig. 49 I). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 49 I). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, pigmented, with inflated, truncated apex (Fig. 49 I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 49 H). Female (Fig. 49 F). Similar to male, mediotergite sometimes brownish. Wing length 1.9 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 49 L, M) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 49 L). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 49 M). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 49 M). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 49 L).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6B141576CCE5DCB81FD78514B4D73F6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (pallidus = pale, fascia = stripe) refers to the two pairs of pale brown stripes on the scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6B141576CCE5DCB81FD78514B4D73F6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (Fig. 50).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43.taxon	description	Figs 74, 75	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.2 - 1.5 mm) that has a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, brown halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a short tubercle-like seta. Distiphalli elongated, tapering toward apex, more than 2 x longer than the phallapodeme. the larvae mine thalli of hornworts belonging to the following genera: Notothylas, Phaeoceros and Anthoceros.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 74 A-E). Head: Head entirely pale yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, and back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 74 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere brown, pedicel and scape grayish yellow (Fig. 74 B). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons brownish yellow, with reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, pale yellow; palpus pale yellow, ovate (Fig. 74 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 74 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny, pale yellow. Scutum and scutellum pruinose gray (Fig. 74 D). Subscutellum pale yellow. Mediotergite dark gray, anatergite brown, and katatergite pale yellow (Fig. 74 E). Pleuron largely pale yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; propleuron with a small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; notopleuron with narrow brown patch on anterior-lower margin; anepisternum and anepimeron without brown spot; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 74 B). Haltere grayish yellow, with stalk paler. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish yellow with coxa pale yellow; femur of foreleg with narrow brown subdistal patch on frontal side; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 74 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 74 D). Acrostichal seta absent. Wing: Wing length 1.2 - 1.3 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 74 A). M 4 disappears immediately before reaching wing margin. Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.8 - 2.5. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellowish brown; epandrium brown (Fig. 74 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 74 G-L) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with one or two tubercle-like setae (Fig. 74 G, I). Surstylus small, ovate, membranous, without setae (Fig. 74 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of pale plate-like dorsal arms directed posteriorly and a pair of pale elongated plate-like ventral arms directed ventrally (Fig. 74 I). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 74 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, pointed and cleft apically (Fig. 74 H, J). Phallophorus with shallow incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, connecting to asymmetric epiphallus (Fig. 74 H, J, L). Basiphallus supported by a pair of rod-like lateral sclerites (Fig. 74 H). Hypophallus membranous, centrally with a pair of narrow sclerites (Fig. 74 G-J). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus cylindrical, dorsolaterally sclerotized, medially widest. Distiphallus is a fused tubule comprising one pair of elongated tubules, with dark shoehorn-shaped sclerites basally; the tubule pale, extremely elongated, longer than phallapodeme; easily unfolded in the course of dissection (Fig. 74 G). Ejaculatory apodeme pale, fan-shaped with short brown stalk and clear sperm pump (Fig. 74 K). Female (Fig. 74 F). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 1.5 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 75 A-C) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 75 B). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 75 C). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, ca. same length as cercus (Fig. 75 C). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 75 A). Immatures. (Fig. 75 D-G, L-Q) At 3 rd instar, larval body yellow and cylindrical. Mandibles paired, fused and strongly sclerotized, each with two teeth; left teeth larger than right teeth (Fig. 75 D-G). Mandibles confluent with short sclerotized hypopharyngeal sclerite, connecting to a pair of tentoropharyngeal sclerites; dorsal cornu broad and long, ventral cornu shorter. Puparium internal, slender, pale brown, with anterior spiracles elongated and protruded from epidermis of mined thallus (Fig. 75 P-S).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to its host plant genus Phaeoceros.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, the Ryukyu Archipelago (Fig. 71).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8B297B081B725A07A3AAB87620677330.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8B297B081B725A07A3AAB87620677330.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.4 - 1.5 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, yellow 1 st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium with an imperfect comb comprising two short tubercle-setae. Larva mines the thallus of Plagiochasma pterospermum and Asterella cruciata.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8B297B081B725A07A3AAB87620677330.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 17 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 17 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere, pedicel and scape brown. Arista subbasal, black pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 17 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 17 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum subshiny yellow, with a brown medial stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of brown presutural patches, and a pair of wide postsutural brown bands (Fig. 17 B). Mediotergite brown, and anatergite and katatergite yellow. Pleuron largely yellow, anepisternum and anepimeron with small brown patches, venters of katepisternum and meron brown (Fig. 17 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 17 B). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 17 D). Acrostichal setulae six pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.5 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 17 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.7. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny grayish yellow (Fig. 17 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 17 I-K) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-subdistal margin with a short, sharp-pointed tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior margin with an imperfect comb comprising two fused short tubercle-like setae; inner-lateral surface with a long tubercle-like seta. Surstylus extruded ventrally, setose apically (Fig. 17 I, J). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite comprising two pairs of developed plate-like arms; ventral arm with a strong seta directed ventrally and pointed tip; dorsal arm ventrally pointed and with a spine directed outward (Fig. 17 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 17 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 17 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 17 G), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 17 H). Basiphallus as long as mesophallus, sclerotized basally and narrowly on right side, bifurcating apically (Fig. 17 H). Hypophallus broad, membranous and bilobed, with serrated margins; medially with a pair of dark fused sclerites (Fig. 17 G, H). Paraphalli dark, plate-like, diverging from base of mesophallus, outer margins sclerotized (Fig. 17 G, H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, 3 / 5 as long as distiphallus (Fig. 17 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of lateral lanceolate dark sclerites and short weaker region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 17 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 17 K). Female (Fig. 17 F). Similar to male, but slightly larger. Wing length 1.4 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 17 L, M) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous. Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 2 / 3 length of cercus. Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8B297B081B725A07A3AAB87620677330.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the host plant genus Plagiochasma.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8B297B081B725A07A3AAB87620677330.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Fig. 16). Recorded only from limestone areas in Kanto districts.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
766D267E5952554F97C3B7CE1DFCF28C.taxon	description	Figs 33, 34	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
766D267E5952554F97C3B7CE1DFCF28C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small dark species (wing length 1.3 - 1.7 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum with a small oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and brown legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising seven long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
766D267E5952554F97C3B7CE1DFCF28C.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 33 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, frons yellowish brown with reflective pruinosity, back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 33 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 33 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical (Fig. 33 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 33 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum pruinose gray, with a small yellow patch along midposterior margin, with a medial dark gray band on anterior 2 / 3 and a pair of dark gray bands along lateral margins (Fig. 33 D). Scutellum light yellow with lateral corner brown, subscutellum light yellow. Mediotergite, anatergite and katatergite dark brown (Fig. 33 B). Pleuron largely light yellow, with brown spots on anterior postpronotal lobe, lower margin of notopleuron, lower half of anepisternum and anepimeron, and venters of katepisternum and meron (Fig. 33 B). Haltere dark brown. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish, basal half of femur paler. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 33 D). Acrostichal setulae six or seven pairs largely in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.7 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 33 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 33 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 33 H-K) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-posterior margin with one tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising seven fused long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 33 J). Surstylus rounded, curved inwards, setose apically (Fig. 33 J). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of plate-like arms, the dorsal lobes of which curve ventrally and basally with a spine directed ventrally (Fig. 33 J). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 33 H). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 33 H, I). Phallophorus sclerotized with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 33 I). Basiphallus with a dorsal sclerite, the anterior lobes of which extend laterally, supporting hypophallus (Fig. 33 H, I). Hypophallus broad, membranous, covered with microtrichia dorsally and with distal margins serrated; basally with one pair of narrow sclerites, medially with one pair of fused linear sclerites (Fig. 33 I). Paraphallus lobate, lightly sclerotized; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, jointed basally (Fig. 33 H, I). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, slightly shorter than distiphallus (Fig. 33 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of ventral dark arrowhead-like sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated unpigmented apex (Fig. 33 I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 33 K). Female (Fig. 33 E-G). Similar to male. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 34 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous. Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus. Spermathecae semi-orbicular.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
766D267E5952554F97C3B7CE1DFCF28C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the larval life within Reboulia thalli.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
766D267E5952554F97C3B7CE1DFCF28C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Tsushima Island (Fig. 31)	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8FE0ADBF952858909362C5B8DBB3E5B7.taxon	description	Figs 63, 64	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8FE0ADBF952858909362C5B8DBB3E5B7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.0 - 1.3 mm) having a pruinose grayish yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral dark gray stripes, a gray scutellum, yellow pleuron, black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, yellowish gray halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium with dorso-ventrally bilobed surstylus; dorsal arm with two short tubercle-like setae. Male epandrium with bilobed, dorsoventrally elongated surstyli. Distiphalli tapering toward apex and bilaterally asymmetrical. Larva mines the thallus of Riccia spp.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8FE0ADBF952858909362C5B8DBB3E5B7.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 63 A-E). Head: Head entirely light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 63 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere dark brown with arista base yellowish, pedicel and scape grayish yellow (Fig. 63 B). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons brownish yellow, with reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus dark brown, dorso-ventrally flattened, spatula-shaped (Fig. 63 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 63 B). Orbital setulae minute and proclinate, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose light yellow. Scutum grayish yellow with medial blackish stripe on anterior 2 / 3, one pair of blackish suborbicular presutural spots confluent with the medial blackish stripe, a pair of narrow blackish supra-alar stripes, and a pair of wider blackish intra-alar stripes, which adjoin the pair of lateral presutural suborbicular spots (Fig. 63 D). The background color of the scutum is paler in live than in dried specimens. Scutellum gray. Subscutellum yellow except brown posterior half. Mediotergite dark gray, anatergite and katatergite light yellow (Fig. 63 E). Pleuron largely light yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; propleuron with a small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; anepisternum and anepimeron light yellow; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 63 B). Haltere yellowish gray, with stalk light yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 63 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 63 D). Acrostichal setulae almost absent or with one (or rarely two) pair of minute setae. Wing: Wing length 1.4 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 63 A). M 4 disappears immediately before reaching wing margin. Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 2.2 - 2.4. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny grayish yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 63 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 63 G-K) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with two or three short tubercle-like setae directed ventrally (Fig. 63 G, K). Surstylus dorso-ventrally bilobed; dorsal lobe broad with two bulbous tubercle-like setae apically; ventral lobe narrow with three or four long setae apically (Fig. 63 K). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite pale, plate-like (Fig. 63 K). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 63 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 63 I). Phallophorus with shallow incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 63 H, I). Basiphallus dorsally sclerotized, with a pale narrow sclerite on left side (Fig. 63 I). Hypophallus membranous and trilobed, with a pair of small dark lobate sclerites basally (Fig. 63 H). Mesophallus pale cylindrical and laterally pigmented (Fig. 63 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of bilaterally asymmetrical tubules; tubule tapering toward apex; right one shorter and thicker than left one (Fig. 63 H, I). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, fan-shaped with short stalk and clear sperm pump (Fig. 63 J). Female (Fig. 63 F). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider. Wing length 1.4 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 64 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 64 A). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 64 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 64 B). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 64 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8FE0ADBF952858909362C5B8DBB3E5B7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the host plant genus Riccia.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8FE0ADBF952858909362C5B8DBB3E5B7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Okinawa Is. and Iriomote Is. (Fig. 65).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65D8B741B29D549993F155905D51DA07.taxon	description	Fig. 66, 67	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65D8B741B29D549993F155905D51DA07.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small species (wing length 1.2 - 1.5 mm) having a pruinose grayish scutum with six longitudinal dark gray bands, a gray scutellum, brown 1 st flagellomere, brown maxillary palpus, yellowish gray halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-distally with a strong tubercle-like seta and inner-basally with a cluster of 29 - 35 dense tubercle-like setae. Distiphalli bilaterally asymmetrical, with left one tapering toward apex. Larva mines the thallus of Riccia lamellosa, R. sorocarpa and R. bifurca.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65D8B741B29D549993F155905D51DA07.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. Head: (Fig. 66 A-E) Head largely light yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 66 C). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere dark brown, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 66 B). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons brownish yellow, with reflective pruinosity (Fig. 66 C). Face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, light yellow; maxillary palpus light yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 66 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 66 B). Orbital setulae minute and proclinate, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose gray. Scutum gray with three pairs of longitudinal dark gray stripes, with the four inner stripes continuing into dark gray bands of gray scutellum (Fig. 66 D). Subscutellum light yellow except brown posterior half. Mediotergite dark gray, anatergite and katatergite light yellow (Fig. 66 E). Pleuron largely light yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; propleuron, light yellow; anepisternum light yellow with L-shaped anterior brown spot; anepimeron light yellow with an upper linear macule and a lower spot; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 66 C). Haltere yellowish gray, with stalk light yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brown; tibia and tarsus darker; distal half of femur of foreleg darkened on frontal side (Fig. 66 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 66 D). Acrostichal setae 1 - 3 pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 66 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 2.0 - 2.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brownish yellow, with a medial brown longitudinal band; epandrium brown (Fig. 66 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 66 K-O) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with two tubercle-like setae, the dorsal one stouter and longer; inner-lateral surface with a dense cluster of 29 - 35 short tubercle-like setae (Fig. 66 L). Surstylus narrow and elongated, with 12 - 14 strong setae apically (Fig. 66 L). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite pale, plate-like (Fig. 66 L). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 66 K). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically (Fig. 66 M). Phallophorus with shallow incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 66 K). Basiphallus with a dark dorsal narrow sclerite, the distal lobes of which extended laterally; 2 - 2.5 x as long as mesophallus (Fig. 66 M, N). Hypophallus broad and membranous, medially with a pair of dark, fused, ventrally incurved sclerites (Fig. 66 M). Mesophallus with a pair of short basal, ventral sclerites and a pair of dark, long, ventral sclerite (Fig. 66 M). Distiphallus comprising one pair of bilaterally asymmetrical dark tubules; left tubule longer than the right one, dorsally pigmented, tapering out; right tubule dorsally pigmented, truncated distally and bifid (Fig. 66 M, N). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown and fan-shaped with constricted stalk; base dark and elongated to one side; sperm pump sausage-shaped, clear (Fig. 66 O). Female (Fig. 66 F-J, P). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons wider; color of pleuron, hind abdomen and legs much paler. Wing length 1.5 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 67 A-C) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 67 B). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 67 C). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 67 C). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 67 A). Immatures. (Fig. 67 D-F, N, O) At 3 rd instar, larval body yellow and cylindrical. Mandibles paired, fused, asymmetrical and strongly sclerotized, each with two teeth; left teeth larger than right ones. Mandibles confluent with short sclerotized hypopharyngeal sclerite, connecting to a pair of sclerotized tentoropharyngeal sclerites; dorsal cornu broad and long, ventral cornu shorter, comprising two fused arms; upper arm dark sclerotized only in anterior half.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65D8B741B29D549993F155905D51DA07.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name (sex = six, fasciatus = stripe) refers to the six dark gray stripes on the scutum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
65D8B741B29D549993F155905D51DA07.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Fig. 65). So far, recorded only from alluvial plains in the Kanto Region.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
96B78587024857189A8FEB676DE689CC.taxon	description	Fig. 62	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
96B78587024857189A8FEB676DE689CC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A small dark species (wing length 1.3 - 1.5 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum and scutellum, a black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and brown legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a tubercle like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising six long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
96B78587024857189A8FEB676DE689CC.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 62 A-D). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 62 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere dark brown, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 62 B). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, cylindrical (Fig. 62 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 62 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum and scutellum pruinose gray (Fig. 62 D). Subscutellum light yellow except for brown posterior half. Mediotergite and anatergite brown, katatergite light yellow (Fig. 62 B). Pleuron yellow light yellow with brownish patches on venter of propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, anepimeron, and meron. Haltere brown. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish, basal half of femur paler (Fig. 62 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 62 D). Acrostichal setulae five or six pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 1.3 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 62 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 62 B). Genitalia: (Fig. 62 I-L) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with a long tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six fused long tubercle-like setae; inner-basal margin with a row of six or seven small tubercle-like setae (Fig. 62 I, K). Surstylus rounded, curved inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior subdistal margin (Fig. 62 K). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite H-shaped. Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 62 I). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 62 I). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 62 J). Basiphallus with a plate-like sclerite on left side (Fig. 62 J). Hypophallus broad, membranous covered with microtrichia ventrally; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of fused, narrow ventrally incurved sclerites; laterally with a pair of converging narrow sclerites (Fig. 62 J). Paraphallus pale membranous; paraphalli spread laterally, jointed basally (Fig. 62 J). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, 4 / 5 as long as distiphallus (Fig. 62 J). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; covered by a transparent membrane with a pair of 7 oval minute sclerites; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, widening toward truncated unpigmented apex (Fig. 62 J). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and long stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 62 L). Female (Fig. 62 E-H). Similar to male, but slightly larger; frons and pleuron darker. Wing length 1.5 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 62 M, N) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 62 M). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 62 N). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 62 N). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 62 M).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
96B78587024857189A8FEB676DE689CC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name honors a botanist, Dr. Kenji Suetsugu, who collected thalli of Conocephalum orientalis. at the type locality.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
96B78587024857189A8FEB676DE689CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Amami and Okinawa Islands (Fig. 61).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
0F458DB6BFF154D7A1F779428A74D083.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
0F458DB6BFF154D7A1F779428A74D083.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.6 - 1.7 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum, light yellow scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and dark legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb of four unfused tubercle-like setae, and inner-laterally with a comb of three or four fused, long, tubercle-like setae; surstylus bilobed and hypertrophied dorsal arm with one tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantia polymorpha.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
0F458DB6BFF154D7A1F779428A74D083.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 5 A-E). Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, frons light yellow, back of head dark brown (Fig. 5 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape light yellow. Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brownish gray, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 5 D). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum pruinose bluish gray with a medial black band and a pair of lateral black bands (Fig. 5 D). Scutellum pale yellow with lateral corner dark brown. Subscutellum dark brown with anterior margin pale yellow. Mediotergite, anatergite, and katatergite brown. Pleuron largely yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; notopleuron with brown spot on venter; anepisternum and anepimeron with brown venters; katepisternum an meron with dark brown patches on venter (Fig. 5 B). Haltere gray, with grayish yellow stalk. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish gray; tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 5 D). Acrostichal setulae six or seven pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 1.7 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 5 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.9. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny brown; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 5 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 5 G-J) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral margin with a large round arm having three or four unfused tubercle-like setae apically; inner-anterior surface with a large arm having a hand-shaped comb comprising four basally fused long tubercle-like setae apically, and one tubercle-like seta immediately inward from the protrusion (Fig. 5 I). Surstylus lobate, setose apically; inner-basally with a long, S-curved, hypertrophied, columnar arm, bearing one long tubercle-like seta apically (Fig. 5 I). Cercus narrow, setose, with a strong seta apically (Fig. 5 I). Subepandrial sclerite consisting of one pair of lateral plates (one seta each subapically on inner surface) forming (Fig. 5 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 5 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped and cleft apically; upper lobe pointed apically (Fig. 5 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 5 G), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 5 H). Basiphallus with a narrow plate on left side; dorsally lightly sclerotized; shorter than mesophallus. Hypophallus broad, membranous, ventral side covered with microtrichia, medially with a pair of short fused linear sclerites (Fig. 5 G, H). Paraphalli lobe-like, membranous; posterior margin slightly sclerotized (Fig. 5 G, H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, slightly longer than distiphallus (Fig. 5 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules; basal half composed of ventral dark triangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 5 H). Ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped, blade pale with clear margin, with sclerotized stalk, broad asymmetric base, and clear sperm pump (Fig. 5 J). Female (Fig. 5 F-I). Similar to male, but slightly larger and frons narrower (Fig. 5 F). Wing length 1.7 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 5 K, L) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 5 K). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 5 L). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus. Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 5 K).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
0F458DB6BFF154D7A1F779428A74D083.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name tsukuyomi is a Japanese word meaning brightness of moonlight, and refers to the bright yellow scutellum.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
0F458DB6BFF154D7A1F779428A74D083.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Fig. 2).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8DA6D0FDC704515DB65897C2EDA2E939.taxon	description	Fig. 44	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8DA6D0FDC704515DB65897C2EDA2E939.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large dark species (wing length 2.1 - 2.7 mm) having pruinose dark brown scutum, black 1 st flagellomere with yellow arista, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising six long fused tubercle-like setae, but lacking an inner-lateral tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum orientalis.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8DA6D0FDC704515DB65897C2EDA2E939.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 44 A-E). Head: Head yellow, but frons and ocellar triangle brown, back of head dark brown (Fig. 44 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 44 B). Arista subbasal, yellow, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow (Fig. 44 C). Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical. Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 44 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum and scutellum entirely dark brown (Fig. 44 D). Subscutellum yellow except brown posterior margin. Mediotergite, katatergite and anatergite brown (Fig. 44 E). Pleuron yellow with large brown patches on notopleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum and meron (Fig. 44 B). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 44 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 44 B). Acrostichal setulae 10 - 12 pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 44 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 1.3. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellowish gray; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 44 E). Genitalia: (Fig. 44 G-I) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-anterior margin with a row of several (2 - 4) short tubercle-like setae; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six fused long tubercle-like setae (Fig. 44 I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 44 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view, with one seta on each dorsal lobe (Fig. 44 I). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 44 G). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 44 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 44 G). Basiphallus with broad pale plate on left side and lightly sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 44 G). Hypophallus hood-like, membranous; lateral margins lightly sclerotized; covered with microtrichia ventrally; medially with a pair of fused narrow sclerites incurved ventrally; a dark tubule protruding ventrally from subdistal center of the membrane (Fig. 44 G, H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest subbasally, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 44 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subrectangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented with flared apex; with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 44 H). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 44 J). Female (Fig. 44 F). Similar to male, but larger, brown patches on pleuron larger and thicker. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 44 L, M) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 44 L). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 44 M). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, which are 1 / 2 length of cercus (Fig. 44 M). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 44 L).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8DA6D0FDC704515DB65897C2EDA2E939.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name ugetsu is a Japanese word meaning rainy moon, and refers to dark scutum without a yellow mark.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
8DA6D0FDC704515DB65897C2EDA2E939.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu (Fig. 45).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
91A3EB1C0EEA520ABF242E5D235EE9E8.taxon	description	Fig. 35, 36	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
91A3EB1C0EEA520ABF242E5D235EE9E8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A large dark species (wing length 2.0 - 2.3 mm) having subshiny dark gray scutum, yellow scutellum, black 1 st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and dark brown legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a protruding, plate-like arm bearing one strong, tubercle-like seta apically. Larva mines the thallus of Wiesnerella denudata.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
91A3EB1C0EEA520ABF242E5D235EE9E8.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Fig. 35 A-D). Head: Head yellow; ocellar tubercle dark brown; front-orbital plate brown; back of head dark brown above foramen (Fig. 35 C). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel dark brown and scape brown (Fig. 35 B). Arista subbasal, pubescent. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus brown, clubbed (Fig. 35 C). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 35 B). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row. Thorax: Thorax subshiny. Scutum dark brown, with marginal inflated yellow band adjoining scutellum (Fig. 35 D). Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Subscutellum yellow with narrow brown area along posterior margin. Mediotergite brown, katatergite yellow and anatergite yellow with lower brown patch (Fig. 35 B). Pleuron yellow with small pale brown patches on central propleuron and lower anepisternum, and with distinct brown patches on lower katepisternum and lower meron (Fig. 35 C). Haltere brown with yellow stalk. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely dark brown (Fig. 35 A). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1 + 3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 35 D). Acrostichal setulae seven pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 mm, costa reaching M 1 (Fig. 35 A). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section 0.83. Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium dark brown (Fig. 35 B). Genitalia: (Fig. 35 F-J) Epandrium rounded apically, but angled dorso-posteriorly in a lateral view; inner-posterior margin with two tubercle-like setae on protruding arm; inner basal margin with a protruding, plate-like arm, which bears one strong tubercle-like seta apically (Fig. 35 G, I). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose on anterior margin; basally with two tubercle-like setae (Fig. 35 I). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of plate-like arms (Fig. 35 I). Hypandrium sclerotized (Fig. 35 F). Postgonite bare and broadly rounded apically (Fig. 35 H). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 35 F), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 35 H). Basiphallus dorsolaterally sclerotized, with distal margin pigmented (Fig. 35 H). Hypophallus broad and membranous; with one pair of pale narrow plate-like sclerites; medially with a pair of narrow, fused, ventrally incurved sclerites (Fig. 35 H). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, widest basally, 3 / 4 length of distiphallus, tapering toward distiphallus (Fig. 35 H). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal 1 / 3 ventrally pigmented; medial 1 / 3 unpigmented; distal 1 / 3 pigmented with truncated, unpigmented apex (Fig. 35 H). Ejaculatory apodeme dark, fan-shaped, with short broad stalk; base bulbous; sperm pump clear (Fig. 35 J). Female (Fig. 35 F). Similar to male, but larger, frons narrower, yellowish brown, abdomen darker. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 36 A, B) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 36 A). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 36 B). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1 / 3 length of cercus (Fig. 36 B). Spermathecae subspheroidal, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 36 A).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
91A3EB1C0EEA520ABF242E5D235EE9E8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the host plant genus, Wiesnerella.	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
91A3EB1C0EEA520ABF242E5D235EE9E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Kyushu (Fig. 31).	en	Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna, Imada, Yume (2022): Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts. ZooKeys 1133: 1-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530
