identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3DCC8EAD8B6A50B8B7E68E2ADACBF40A.text	3DCC8EAD8B6A50B8B7E68E2ADACBF40A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calonectria exiguispora N. Q. Pham, Marinc. & M. J. Wingf. 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Calonectria exiguispora N.Q. Pham, Marinc. &amp; M.J. Wingf. sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 4, 6A, B</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> “exiguus” (Latin) = small +  “spora” (Latin) = spores, referring to the small macroconidia produced by this species. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Phylogenetically close to  C. piauiensis and  C. brassianae but differs in having smaller macroconidia. </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>  Colombia: Risaralda,  Quinchía . Soils in  Eucalyptus plantation. August 2016. C.A. Rodas. (Holotype PRU(M) 4501, stored in a metabolically inactive state; ex - holotype CMW 49752, CMW-IA 160).  GenBank :  OP796405 (ACT) ;  OP822275 (CMDA) ;  OP822382 (HIS3) ;  OP822489 (RPB2) ;  OP822168 (TEF1) ;  OP822596 (TUB2) . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores scarce on SNA, consisting of conidiogenous apparatus and stipes, branched or simple. Stipes infrequent, elongated, septate, 75-273  µm long, 2-5  µm wide near base, tapering towards apex, simple or occasionally dichotomously branched, mostly being part of conidiogenous apparatus; vesicles terminal, slightly inflate to ellipsoidal, 2-5  µm wide. Conidiogenous apparatus hyaline, simple or branched in 1-3 (-4) tiers, uncommonly developing from stipes; main axis upright, septate, 20-275  × 3-7  µm ; branches doliiform to cylindrical, primary branches 8-39  × 3-7  µm , secondary branches 8-24  × 2-6  µm , tertiary branches 10-23  × 2-5  µm , quarternary branches 10-14  × 3-4  µm . Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, hyaline, discrete, cylindrical to tapered above, often constricted near base, with periclinal thickening, 8-20  × 3-5 (11.8  ± 2.71  × 3.2  ± 0.5)  µm . Macroconidia hyaline, cylindrical, round at apex, 1-septate, septum sub-median or median, guttulate, 21-40  × 3-4 (30.9  ± 4.09  × 3.5  ± 0.23)  µm . Chlamydospores present, scarce, in clumps or in chains. Mega - and microconidia not observed. </p>
            <p>Colonies on 2% MEA in the dark for 6 d, white on surface, pale luteous in reverse, with moderate amount of aerial mycelium, with entire edges. Optimal growth temperature at 25 °C reaching 65.2 mm in 6 d, followed by 20 °C (57.3 mm), 15 °C (39.8 mm), 10 °C (19.7 mm), 5 °C (8.2 mm), no growth at 30 °C and 35 °C. Colonies kept at 30 °C and 35 °C being relocated to 25 °C for another 6 d revived (30 °C) and showed no growth (35 °C). Colonies on 2% MEA in the dark for 30 d, white to umber on surface, umber to dark brick in reverse, with flat mycelia.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Colombia.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Colombia: Risaralda,  Quinchía . Soils in  Eucalyptus sp. plantation. August 2016. C.A. Rodas. (PRU(M) 4502, stored in a metabolically inactive state; culture CMW 49753, CMW-IA 161)  . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Calonectria exiguispora is a member of the  C. candelabrum species complex (Liu et al. 2020). It shares some characteristics with other species in the complex, such as 1-septate macroconidia and 'ellipsoidal to  obpyriform’ shape vesicle. However, it can be distinguished from most species in the complex by its smaller conidial dimensions (21-40  × 3-4  µm , avg. 30.9  × 3.5  µm ) except for  C. brevistipitata (29-35  × 3-4  µm , avg. 31  × 3.5  µm , isolated from Mexican soil) and  C. stipitate (27-37  × 3-6, avg. 32  × 4  µm , isolated from Colombian  Eucalyptus sp.) (Lombard et al. 2016). Nevertheless, these two species are distantly related to  C. exiguispora (Fig. 3). Recently Liu et al. (2020) reduced  C. stipitata to synonymy with  C. spathulata , the conidial dimensions of which range from 48-100  × 4-6  µm (avg. 80  × 6  µm ). They regarded the smaller conidial dimensions of  C. "  Calonectria stipitata " as representing intraspecific variation.  Calonectria exiguispora is phylogenetically closely related to  C. piauiensis and  C. brassianae , which were isolated from soils associated with  Eucalyptus brassiana trees in Brazil (Alfenas et al. 2015). These two species, however, have much larger conidial dimensions:  C. piauiensis (38-60  × 3-5  µm , avg. 49  × 4.5  µm ) and  C. brassianae (35-65  × 3-5  µm , avg. 53  × 4  µm ) (Alfenas et al. 2015). It can be differentiated from its most closely related species by sequences of ACT, CMDA, HIS3, RPB2, TEF1 and TUB2 gene regions. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DCC8EAD8B6A50B8B7E68E2ADACBF40A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pham, Nam Q.;Marincowitz, Seonju;Chen, ShuaiFei;Rodas, Carlos A.;Wingfield, Michael J.	Pham, Nam Q., Marincowitz, Seonju, Chen, ShuaiFei, Rodas, Carlos A., Wingfield, Michael J. (2022): Soil-borne Calonectria (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) associated with Eucalyptus plantations in Colombia. MycoKeys 94: 17-35, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.94.96301, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.94.96301
47C5B8B83ABD507986AF91F1467E87AD.text	47C5B8B83ABD507986AF91F1467E87AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calonectria guahibo N. Q. Pham, Marinc. & M. J. Wingf. 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Calonectria guahibo N.Q. Pham, Marinc. &amp; M.J. Wingf. sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 5, 6E, F</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>Name refers to the indigenous people, Guahibo, native to Vichada, Colombia.</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Closely related to  C. gordoniae but differs in having smaller macroconidia. </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>  Colombia: Vichada, Cumaribo. Soils in  Eucalyptus plantation. August 2016. C.A. Rodas. (Holotype PRU(M) 4503, stored in a metabolically inactive state; ex - holotype CMW 49791, CMW-IA 162).  GenBank :  OP796480 (ACT) ;  OP822350 (CMDA) ;  OP822457 (HIS3) ;  OP822564 (RPB2) ;  OP822243 (TEF1) ;  OP822671 (TUB2) . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Sexual morph not observed. Conidiophores scarce on SNA, composed of conidiogenous apparatus and stipes. Stipes part of conidiogenous apparatus, elongated, septate, 81-223  µm long, 2-5  µm wide near base, tapering towards apex, simple, infrequently branched; vesicles slightly inflated to clavate, 2-5  µm wide. Conidiogenous apparatus hyaline, branched irregularly in 2-3 (-4) tiers; main axis upright, septate, 25-83  × 4-6  µm ; branches doliiform to cylindrical, primary branches 11-23  × 4-6  µm , secondary branches 7-16  × 3-5  µm , tertiary branches 9-11  × 3-4  µm . Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, hyaline, discrete, cylindrical to ovoid, tapering towards apex, with perclinal thickening, 6-12  × 2-4 (9.3  ± 1.46  × 3.0  ± 0.52)  µm . Macroconidia hyaline, cylindrical with round ends, 1-septate, straight, septum median or sub-median, 26-42  × 3-4 (31.7  ± 3.59  × 3.2  ± 0.19)  µm . Chlamydospores present in clumps or in chains. Mega - and microconidia not observed. </p>
            <p>Colonies on 2% MEA after 6 d in the dark, growing circular, with fluffy aerial mycelia, above white to pale luteous towards centre, reverse luteous to umber towards centre. Optimal growth temperature at 30 °C reaching 61 mm, followed by 25 °C (57.5 mm), 20 °C (48.3 mm), 15 °C (21.8 mm), and no growth at 5, 10, and 35 °C. Colonies kept at 5, 10, and 35 °C revived after being relocated to 25 °C. Colonies on 2% MEA in the dark for 30 d, with cottony mycelia filled entire Petri dish, above saffron to umber with patches of white, reverse dark brick to sepia.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Colombia.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Colombia: Vichada, Cumaribo. Soils in  Eucalyptus sp. plantation. August 2016. C.A. Rodas, CMW 49782  . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Calonectria guahibo forms part of the  C. pteridis species complex as a sister taxon to  C. gordoniae .  Calonectria gordoniae was reported from Florida, USA, causing leaf spots and blotches on loblolly bay (  Gordonia lasianthus ) and is known to produce macroconidia (45-81  × 4-6  µm , avg. 61.7  × 5  µm ) and microconidia (20-42  × 3-4  µm , avg. 32.5  × 3.6  µm ) (Leahy et al. 2000). Leahy et al. (2000) reported slightly curved conidia which were not observed in  C. guahibo .  Calonectria guahibo can be distinguished by its smaller conidia (26-42  × 3-4  µm , avg. 31.7  × 3.2  µm ) from other closely related species, i.e. C. ovata (50-110  × 4-6  µm , avg. 70  × 5  µm ) (Victor et al. 1997),  C. pseudovata (55-50  × 4-7, avg. 69  × 5  µm ) (Alfenas et al. 2015), and  C. terricola (40-53  × 3-6  µm , avg. 46  × 4.5  µm ) (Lombard et al. 2016). It can be differentiated from its most closely related species by sequences of ACT, CMDA, HIS3, RPB2, TEF1 and TUB2 gene regions. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/47C5B8B83ABD507986AF91F1467E87AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pham, Nam Q.;Marincowitz, Seonju;Chen, ShuaiFei;Rodas, Carlos A.;Wingfield, Michael J.	Pham, Nam Q., Marincowitz, Seonju, Chen, ShuaiFei, Rodas, Carlos A., Wingfield, Michael J. (2022): Soil-borne Calonectria (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) associated with Eucalyptus plantations in Colombia. MycoKeys 94: 17-35, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.94.96301, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.94.96301
