identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B7414B122AFFB507E7F8A6755DAE46.text	03B7414B122AFFB507E7F8A6755DAE46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia Laporte de Castelnau & Gory 1835	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia species-group</p> <p>Three species from Chrysodema eximia species-group were covered in Frank &amp; Sekerka (2020). This group is characterized by strongly convex narrow and sharp costae on elytra. The group is distributed in Philippines and Taiwan, and includes four species: C. (C.) eximia: having two subspecies: C. (C.) eximia eximia Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory, 1835 and C. (C.) eximia berliozi Descarpentries, 1948; C. (C.) dohrnii Saunders, 1874; C. (C.) fuscitarsis Kerremans, 1895 and C. (C.) gottwaldi Frank &amp; Sekerka, 2020. A key to all taxa in this species-group is presented.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B122AFFB507E7F8A6755DAE46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1229FFB507E7FE9F71CBABD2.text	03B7414B1229FFB507E7FE9F71CBABD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia Laporte de Castelnau & Gory 1835	<div><p>Key to the Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia species-group</p> <p>1 Ventral side dark-violet, coppery-red or brown............................................................… 2</p> <p>– Ventral side metallic green.............................................................................. 4</p> <p>2 Dorsal side of head the same colour as ventral side of entire body................................................ 3</p> <p>– Dorsal side of head green or blue-violet; pronotum and elytra mostly blue to violet-black, rarely brown-bronze or green. Intercostae always well developed. Parameres very broadly regularly navicular, widest at mid-length, narrowly open at apical fifth; apex of penis broadly triangular. Taiwan. Figs 18–24, 65, 66............. C. (C.) eximia berliozi Descarpentries, 1948</p> <p>3 Lateral sides of ventrites II–IV densely macropunctate in entire width, 1 st costa mostly parallel with suture, sometimes only moderately bent in apical quarter; intercostae can be well developed or slightly indicated in some (rarely in all) intercostal intervals; mostly green, can be red-bronze or brown, antennae and tarsi never yellow. Generally more slender, length/width ratio: ♂♂ (n=6) 2.89–2.95(3.15) (average 2.95); ♀♀ (n = 75) 2.69–2.98(3.05) (average 2.85). Parameres broadly regularly navicular, widest at mid-length, narrowly open at apical third; apex of penis narrowly triangular. Philippines: Luzon Is. and Babuyan Isls. Figs 1–5, 13–17, 63, 64....................... C. (C.) eximia eximia Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory, 1835</p> <p>– Lateral sides of ventrites II–IV densely macropunctate at basal half and sparsely macropunctate at apical half; 1 st costa bent in apical quarter and running obliquely to suture; intercostae absent; always brown, antennae and tarsi pale brown or yellow. Generally more broad length/width ratio: ♂♂ (n=14) 2.65–2.94 (average 2.78); ♀♀ (n = 46) 2.62–2.91(3.13) (average 2.75). Parameres broadly regularly navicular, widest at mid-length, narrowly open at apical half; apex of penis broadly triangular. Philippines: Palawan Is..................................................... C. (C.) fuscitarsis Kerremans, 1895</p> <p>4 1 st costa mostly parallel with suture; elytra green, macropunctation at intercostal intervals regular. Generally more slender, length/width ratio: ♂♂ (n=25) 2.80–3.15 (average 2.95); ♀♀ (n = 34) 2.50–3.06 (average 2.83). Parameres broadly irregularly navicular, widest at mid-length strongly narrowed at apical half, narrowly open at apical third; apex of penis broadly triangular. Philippines: Mindanao Is., Dinagat Is., Leyte is., Samar Is. and Panay Is.................. C. (C.) dohrnii Saunders, 1874</p> <p>– 1 st costa bent in apical quarter and running obliquely to suture; elytra green, macropunctation at intercostal intervals irregular. Generally broader, length/width ratio: ♂ 2.75; ♀♀ (n = 4) 2.63–2.72 (average 2.69). Parameres narrowly regularly navicular widest at mid-length, broadly open at apical half; apex of penis narrowly pointed. Philippines: Palawan Is................................................................................... C. (C.) gottwaldi Frank &amp; Sekerka, 2020</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1229FFB507E7FE9F71CBABD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1229FFBC07E7FB2B753CADDE.text	03B7414B1229FFBC07E7FB2B753CADDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia subsp. eximia Laporte de Castelnau & Gory 1835	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia eximia Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory, 1835</p> <p>(Figs 1–10, 12, 13–17, 63, 64)</p> <p>Chrysodema eximia Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory (1835): 8 (original description, incl. colour Fig. 9, Pl. 2); Deyrolle (1864): 14 (key), 20 (listed); Saunders (1871): 13 (catalogue); Kerremans (1892a): 38 (catalogue); Kerremans (1903): 75 (catalogue); Akiyama &amp; Ohmomo (2000): Pl. 46, Figs 486-1, 486-2 (iconography).</p> <p>Chalcophora eximia: Lacordaire (1857): 23 (noted); Gemminger &amp; Harold (1869): 1357 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia: Kerremans (1909): 515 (key), 531 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Frank &amp; Sekerka (2020): 8 (noted).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia eximia: Lander (2003): 15 (key), 31 (redescription), 77 (colour Figs 48–51); Bellamy (2008): 530 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema intercostata Saunders (1874): 308 (original description); Kerremans (1892a): 38 (catalogue); Kerremans (1903): 76 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chalcophora intercostata: Kerremans (1885): 126 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) intercostata: Kerremans (1909): 515 (key), 529 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 31 (as synonym of C. (C.) eximia), 77 (colour Fig. 51); Bellamy (2008): 530 (catalogue, in synonymy C. (C.) eximia), 532 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) eximia).</p> <p>Chrysodema eximia kawamurai Kurosawa (1989): 31 (original description, incl. Figs 3–4).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia kawamurai: Lander (2003): 31 (as synonym of C. (C.) aurostriata); Bellamy (2008): 530 (catalogue, in synonymy C. (C.) eximia), 532 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) eximia).</p> <p>Type localities. Chrysodema eximia: ‘Indes-Orientales’ (see ‘Remarks’); C. intercostata: ‘N. Luzon’ [Philippines, Luzon Island (north)]; C. eximia kawamurai: ‘ Camiguin Island, Babuyan Islands, N. Philippines’ [Philippines, Cagayan Province, Camiguin Island].</p> <p>Type material examined. Chrysodema eximia: SYNTYPES (3 ♀♀): ♀ (25.50 × 9.25 mm; Figs 1–3, 6), ‘ Chrysodema | Eximia Cast et Gory |Amboine [w, h; yellow border] || Coll. | Janson [w, p; black border] || MUSÉUM PARIS | 1935 | Coll. A. THÉRY [w, p]’ (MNHN); in front of row of specimens: ‘Eximia | Gory | Amboine Type [w(c), h; yellow border]’; under specimens: ♀ (28.25 × 10.00 mm; Figs 4, 7), ‘TYPE [r, p] || MUSÉUM PARIS | 1952 | COLL. R. OBERTHUR [y, p] || SYNTYPE [r, p] || SYNTYPE | Chrysodema | eximia Laporte &amp; Gory, 1835 [w, p] || MNHN | EC8630 [w, p]’ (MNHN); ♀ (30.50 × 11.00 mm), ‘TYPE [r, p] || MUSÉUM PARIS | 1952 | COLL. R. OBERTHUR [y, p]’ (MNHN).</p> <p>All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ SYNTYPE ♀ | Chrysodema | eximia | LAPORTE DE CASTELNAU &amp; GORY, 1835 | David Frank labelled IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Chrysodema intercostata: LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♀ (31.75 × 11.50 mm; Figs 16, 25), ‘ N Luzon | 137 [w(c), h; round] || [2x] Type [w, p; round; red border] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || intercostata | ES. Type [w(c), h]’ (BMNH).</p> <p>PARALECTOTYPE: ♀ (31.25 × 11.50 mm), ‘ N Luzon | 137 [w(c), h; round] || COTYPE [w(c), p (red letters)] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || MUSÉUM PARIS | 1935 | Coll. A. Théry [w(c), p; black border] || intercostata | Saund. | cotype [w(c), h]’ (MNHN).</p> <p>Both specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE [or PARALECTOTYPE respectively] ♀ | Chrysodema | intercostata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank des. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’ and also white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | eximia eximia | LAPORTE DE CASTELNAU &amp; GORY, 1835 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Chrysodema eximia kawamurai: PARATYPE: ♀ (27.00 × 9.50 mm; Figs 5, 8), ‘ Camiguin Is. | Babuyanes Iss. | Philippines | VI. 1988 [w, h] || PARATYPE [r, p] || ex coll. S. Bílý | National Museum | Prague, Czech Republic [w, p] || Chrysodema | eximia | kawakamii [sic!, see ‘Remarks’] | DET. K. Akiyama. 1993 [w, h/p]’ (NMPC).</p> <p>The specimen was provided with additional red printed labels ‘ PARATYPE ♀ | Chrysodema | eximia | kawamurai | KUROSAWA, 1989 | David Frank labelled IV. 2021 [date handwritten] || ‘ kawakami ’ is only misinterpretation | by K. Akiyama. Acording to locality | data and measures this specimen | belongs to the type series of | Chrysodema eximia kawamurai | David Frank IV.2021 [r, p; date handwritten]’ (see ‘Remarks’) and white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | eximia eximia | LAPORTE DE CASTELNAU &amp; GORY, 1835 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Original specimens of unpublished manuscript names (see ‘Remarks’). [dark specimens are marked ‘(d)’] Chrysodema eximia ab. atrocyanea: ♀ (d) (33.75 × 11.50 mm; Figs 9, 13), ‘C.Engano, [Cape Engano, Palaui Is.] | N.Luzon | Whitehead leg. [w(c), p] || 2500 [gray, h] || TYPUS [w(c), p; black border] || Coll. G. Frey | NMB [blue, p] || Chrysodema | eximia C. G. | ab. | atrocyanea m. | Det. Hoscheck 19 34. [w(c), h/p; black border] || Chrysodema | eximia C.&amp; G. | Dét. T. LANDER 1999 [w, h/p]’ (NHMB).</p> <p>Chrysodema eximia ab. purpureocuprea (2 ♀♀): ♀ (d) (30.25 × 10.25 mm), ‘C.Engano, | N.Luzon | Whitehead leg. [w(c), p] || 2499 [gray, h] || TYPUS [w(c), p; black border] || Chrysodema | eximia C. G. | purpureocuprea | m. n. ab. | Det. Hoscheck 19 41. [w(c), h/p; black border] || Chrysodema | eximia C.G. | det. R. Holynski 1999 [w, h/p]’ (IRSN); ♀ (d) (34.00 × 11.75 mm; Figs 10, 14), ‘C.Engano, | N.Luzon | Whitehead leg. [w(c), p] || 2498 [gray, h] || TYPUS [w(c), p; black border] || Coll. G. Frey | NMB [blue, p] || Chrysodema | eximia C. G. | purpureocuprea | m. n. ab. | Det. Hoscheck 19 41. [w(c), h/p; black border] || Chrysodema | eximia C.&amp; G. | Dét. T. LANDER 1999 [w, h/p]’ (NHMB).</p> <p>All specimens were provided with additional red printed labels ‘ Chrysodema eximia | ab. atrocyanea [or purpureocuprea respectively] | HOSCHECK | unpublished manuscript name | David Frank IV.2021 [r, p; date handwritten]’ and white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | eximia eximia | LAPORTE DE CASTELNAU &amp; GORY, 1835 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>AddiTiOnal maTerial examined (6 ♂♂, 85 ♀♀). [dark specimens are marked ‘(d)’] PHILIPPINES: ‘ Philipp [w, h] || TYPE [r, p] || MUSÉUM PARIS | 1952 | COLL. R. OBERTHUR [y, p]’ ♀ (28.00 × 10.00 mm) (MNHN, ex coll. Oberthür) (labelled as type, see ‘ Remarks’); Philippines, Eydoux 118–38, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Oberthür); Philippines, Ch. Semper, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Oberthür); Philippines, Stauding [er], 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Kerremans); Ins. Philipp., Coll. Janson, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Théry); Philip, 1 ♀ (BMNH, ex coll. Saunders); Phillipine Islands, H. Cuming Esq. [determined as C. intercostata], 1 ♀ (BMNH, ex coll. Saunders); Phillipine Islands, H. Cuming Esq., Bowring 63–47, 1 ♀ (d) (BMNH); Philippinen, 2 ♀♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); Philippinen, 1 ♀ (MFNB); Philippines, 1 ♀ (d) (MHNG, ex coll. Lander). LUZON ISLAND: Philippines, Luçon, Marche 1880, 1 ♀ (MNHN); Phil, Luzon 56/93, 1 ♀ (BMNH, ex coll. Saunders); Luzon /139, 1 ♀ (RHMP); Luzon /139, 1 ♀ (d) (BMNH, ex coll. Saunders); Philippines, S Luzon, vi.92, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Ins. Luzon, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); Philippines, Luzon [determined as C. intercostata], 1 ♀ (RHMP); Insel Luzon, v.2007, 1 ♀ (WBWA). Manila (see ‘ Remarks’): Manille, Ex Musaeo J. Thomson, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Théry); Manille, Ex Musaeo Mniszech [determined as subviolacea (Laferté)], 1 ♀ (d) (MNHN, ex coll. Oberthür); Manilla, Parry, 1 ♀ (BMNH, ex coll. Saunders); Manila, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Hauser). Abra Prov.: Tineg, May 2018, 1 ♀ (d) (DFPC). Apayao Prov.: Conner, Sept [ember] 2014, 1 ♀ (d) (WBWA). Aurora Prov.: Dingalan, vi.2012, 1 ♂ (EJBS; Figs 15, 63); Sierra Madre, Dingalan, October 2018, 1 ♀ (d) (DFPC); Sierra Madre, Casiguran, November 2018, 1 ♀ (DFPC); Didin, June 2019, 1 ♀ (DFPC); Dingalan, January 2020, 1 ♀ (DFPC); Dingalan, June 2020, 1 ♀ (DFPC); Dingalan, April 2021, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Bulacan Prov.: Philippinen, Luzon, Sibul, 16- 19.6.1986, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser). Cagayan Prov.: C. Engano, [Cape Engano, Palaui Is.], N. Luzon, Whitehead leg., 1 ♀ (red-bronze) (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); Sta. Ana, May 2018, 1 ♂ (d) (DFPC); Sta. Ana, August 2018, 1 ♀ (d) (DFPC). Ilocos Norte Prov.: Luzon P. I., Ilocos Norte, W. Jark leg., 1 ♀ (IRSN); N. Luzon, Bangui, 1 ♂ (NMPC). Isabela Prov.: San-Pablo, Sept [ember] 2014, 1 ♀ (d) (WBWA); Sierra Madre, Cabagan, October 2018, 1 ♀ (d) (DFPC). Laguna Prov.: P.I., Los Banos, Baker, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN (1 ♀, ex coll. Kerremans)); P.I., Laguna, Los Banos, 1 ♀ (NMPC); P.I., Laguna, Mt. Makiling, 16.vii.[19]30, collected by F.C.Hadden, 1 ♀ (NMPC); P.I., Luzon, Laguna, Mt. Makiling, 24.vi.[19]31, collected by F.C.Hadden, 1 ♀ (NMPC); P.I., Los Baños, 15-vii-1923, E. Mangapit, 1 ♀ (NHMB, ex coll. Frey). Laguna / Batangas Prov. (see ‘ Remarks’): Philippines, Mt. Maquiling, Elev. 50 met, 24.vi.[19]46, Q. Tagorota, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Philippines, Mt. Maquiling, Elev. 50 met, 10.xii.[19]46, S. Cabañgisan, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Mt. Maquiling, Elev. 50 met, 22-ii-1947, M.Sandoval, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Philippines, Mt. Maquiling, Elev. 600 met, 18.ix.[19]48, R.P. Rivera, 1 ♀ (NMPC). Mountain Prov.: N Luzon, Mountain Prov., vi.[19]91, 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Nord Luzon, Mt. Provinz, June 1991, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ATMR, ex coll. Novak); Mountain Prov., Aug [ust] 1991, coll. Schulz, 2 ♀♀ (ATMR, ex coll. Novak); North Luzon, Mountain Province, June 1996, 1 ♀ (SGBG). Nueva Ecija Prov.: Caranglan, July 2019, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Nueva Vizcaya Prov.: Belance, Bambang, June 2012, (1 ♀ TTOC; 1 ♀, 1 ♀ (d) DFPC); Belance, Jul [y] 2013, 1 ♀ (d) (TTOC); Belance, Aug [ust] 2013, 1 ♀ (DFPC); Kayapa, Sept [ember] 2014, 1 ♀ (WBWA). Pangasinan Prov.: Umigan, Elev. 250 m., 18-vi-1949, F. Badua, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý). Quezon Prov.: Mt.Banabao, Luzon, 1 ♂ (RHMP); Luzon, Novaliches, nördl. v. Manila. ii.[19]18, 1 ♀ (RHMP). Quirino Prov.: Sierra Madre, Madela, Disimungal, October 2017, 1 ♂ (Figs 17, 64), 1 ♀ (DFPC); Sierra Madre, Madela, San Martin, April 2018, 1 ♀ (d) (DFPC). Rizal Prov.: Montalban, Coll. Dr. A. Frh. v.Hoscheck, 1 ♀ (IRSN); Luzon, Montalban, 1914, leg. G. Boettcher, 2 ♀♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); Sierra Madre, Rodriguez, December 2017, 1 ♀ (DFPC). BABUYAN ISLANDS: Babuyan Island: N-Luzon, Babuyan Isl., Sept [ember] [20]'04, (4 ♀♀ SGBG; 1 ♀ DFPC); Babuyan Isl., 1 ♀ (d) (MHNG, ex coll. Lander). Camiguin Island: Cagayan Prov., Camiguin Isl., 4.[20]'00, 1 ♀ (SGBG); N-Luzon, Camiguin Isl., Sept [ember] [20]'04, (9 ♀♀ SGBG; 1 ♀ DFPC).</p> <p>Redescription of syntype. Well preserved ♀ specimen, right antenna missing from antennomere VII and slightly open elytra. Length 25.50 mm, width 9.25 mm, length/width ratio: 2.76.</p> <p>Body navicular, elytra and pronotum bright metallic green with golden and copper reflections; elytra towards apex gradually from more intensive copper to dark. Head, ventral side and legs brown with red-coppery reflections.</p> <p>Head brown, densely pubescent in lower half. Eyes large, oval, area around eyes finely macropunctate and pubescent in lower half. Frons with coppery-red reflections, 2× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with medial sulcus, macropunctate, sparsely pubescent. Labrum brown, pubescent. Antennae brown, serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I (scape) and II (pedicel) dark brown, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula (base of scape) and antennomeres from III pale brown, sparsely pubescent. Antennomere II ca. 3× shorter than I and III. Antennomere IV triangular, V–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi pale brown, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, narrowing anteriad with almost equal sides, widest at base, green, 1.6× as wide as long. Anterior margin arcuate with moderately protruding lobe, densely pubescent. Pronotum densely coarsely macropunctate, without larger impunctate areas except for medial line. Pronotal surface except for medial line appears quite rugose due to deeply impressed macropunctures. Macropunctation gradually coarser and denser toward sides. Medial line well visible, flat, slightly elevated, sparsely micropunctate, with several macropunctures. Medial impressions weak, barely impressed. Principal impressions small, elongate, shallow. Lateral impressions moderately deep, with several macropunctures and numerous very distinct micropunctures. Lateral margin brownbronze. Basal margin bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, green with gold-red reflections.</p> <p>Elytra slightly wider than pronotum at base; parallel at basal half, narrowing from mid-length to apex; moderately convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Serrations and apical quarter of suture coppery-red, apex of elytra black. Four distinctly elevated sharp costae on each elytron less distinct at basal third. 1 st costa reaches to apex of elytra where it is joined to suture, 2 nd joined to 1 st at apical fifth. 3 rd costa separated, shortened, reaching to 3/4 length of elytra. 4 th costa also separated but reaching to apex where it is almost joined to 1 st and suture. Basal third irregularly furrowed, more deeply toward base. Furrows and intercostal intervals very irregularly macropunctate and with short pubescence. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, coppery-red, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent.</p> <p>Legs brown-violet; femora less, tibiae more macropunctate and pubescent. Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic coppery-red, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side brown with red-coppery reflections. Hypomeron irregularly macropunctate more coarsely than prosternum.Anterior margin of prosternum densely pubescent.Prosternal process parallel-sided triangularly narrowed at apex, approximately 2.3× as long as wide, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, apex and sides smooth. Metasternum shiny, sparsely macropunctate at central part; not shiny, densely, coarsely macropunctate and pubescent on sides. Abdominal ventrites I–IV centrally sparsely macropunctate, laterally densely macropunctate in entire width, with short pubescence.Abdominal ventrites V densely macropunctate, with short pubescence, with shallow impression at apical part.</p> <p>Variation. Body ♂♂ (n = 6) length: 21.25–27.25 (average 25.21) mm, width: 7.25–9.25 (average 8.54) mm, length/width ratio: 2.89–2.95(3.15) (average 2.95); ♀♀ (n = 75): length: 23.50–34.50 (average 28.86) mm, width: 8.00–12.25 (average 10.12) mm, length/width ratio: 2.69–3.05 (average 2.85). Chrysodema (C.) eximia eximia is variable in colour from light green with golden reflections through dark green, green-red to bronze or brown. Some specimens can have well developed or slightly indicated intercostae. Well developed intercostae in all intercostal intervals are very rare and always thinner than main costae. Aedeagus (n = 4) length: 7.32–7.45 mm, width: 1.55– 1.59 mm, length/width ratio: 4.63–4.75. Parameres broadly regularly navicular widest at mid-length, narrowly open at apical third, apice of parameres rounded. Penis moderately impressed with densely arranged striate laminae at entire width, apex of penis narrowly triangular (Figs 63, 64).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Specimens of C. (C.) eximia eximia with well developed intercostae can be similar to C. (C.) eximia berliozi but they have entire head concolourous with ventral side. Dark specimens can be distinguished from C. (C.) fuscitarsis by the 1 st costa parallel with suture and narrower body. Green specimens can be distinguished from C. (C.) dohrnii by dark ventral side. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Distribution. Philippines: Luzon, Palaui, Babuyan and Camiguin islands (Fig. 12).</p> <p>Remarks. Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory (1835) did not specify explicitly how many specimens they had at their disposal when describing Chrysodema eximia. They mentioned only depository in ‘Du cabinet des auteurs’, a single length and width measurement ‘Long. 11 lig. ½. Larg. 4 lig. (25.99 × 9.04 mm)’ and a locality ‘Indes Orientales’. I found three female specimens labelled as types in MNHN but none of them have the measurements indicated in the description. These specimens are from Oberthür’s collection where there is an old handwritten yellow bordered label ‘ Eximia, Gory, Amboine, Type’ in front of row of specimens and newer red printed labels ‘TYPE’ under each specimen. Two of them have no locality labels and the third is localised from Philippines (‘Philipp’). According to locality mentioned in the description Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory probably did not know that the specimens are from Philippines because they mentioned ‘Philippines’ only for Chrysodema philippinensis Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory, 1835 and C. rouxi Laporte de Castelnau &amp; Gory, 1835. Therefore the specimen with locality label ‘Philipp’ is not included in the type series. I found also a specimen labelled ‘ Chrysodema | Eximia Cast et Gory | Amboine [w, h; yellow border; the label was originally in front of the specimen judging by holes after pins] || Coll. | Janson [w, p; black border] || MUSÉUM PARIS | 1935 | Coll. A. THÉRY [w, p]’ with measures 25.5 × 9.25 mm (Figs 1–3, 6). According to Horn &amp; Kahle (1935) and Cambefort (2006) Mniszech bought (probably major) part of Buprestidae from Gory’s collection but Janson also got part of this collection. Therefore, it is possible that Théry had some specimens (including type(s)) from Gory’s collection via Janson. Because this specimen from Théry’s collection has almost identical measurements as in the description, the same old pin as the other two specimens labelled as syntypes, and it is also incorrectly localised ‘Amboine’ (Fig. 6), I also considered it a type specimen. Since all three specimens morphologically belong to a single species and have the same (incorrect) locality and pins there is no need of lectotype designation and I treat them as syntypes.</p> <p>Saunders (1874) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing Chrysodema intercostata (Fig. 16, 25) nor mentioned any depository. He mentioned only measurements ‘Length 15 lines; breadth 5 lines. (31.80 × 10.6 mm)’ and locality ‘N[orth]. Luzon’. In case of other species Saunders mentioned in his article if he had only one specimen for description (e.g. ‘Unique in the collection’ for Iridotaenia sulcifera or Chrysodema flavicornis; ‘One specimen only’ for Chrysodema dohrnii) therefore he probably had more specimens of C. intercostata. I found two female specimens with the same round locality labels ‘N Luzon, 137’ from Saunders’ collection and almost identical measurements in BMNH (31.75 × 11.50 mm) and MNHN (31.25 × 11.50 mm). The specimen from BMNH has very distinct ‘intermediate costae’ and a determination label ‘ intercostata ES., Type’ therefore it is designated as lectotype to conserve the status and type locality of this taxon and avoid any further misinterpretation. The specimen from MNHN does not have distinct ‘intermediate costae’ and has a determination label ‘ intercostata Saund., cotype’ therefore it is included to the type series as paralectotype.</p> <p>According to Kurosawa (1989) a type series of Chrysodema eximia kawamurai includes ‘ Holotype (♂), allotype (♀) and paratypes: 1 ♂ 8 ♀♀, Camiguin Island, Babuyan Islands, N. Philippines, vi. 1988, S. KAWAMURA lgt.’ in range of measures ‘ Length: 21.5–31.8 mm; width: 7.0–10.8 mm’. There is a female specimen (27.00 × 9.50 mm; Figs 5, 8) in NMPC from Bílý’s collection with the same locality data, labelled as paratype but not by Kurosawa. It has determination label ‘ Chrysodema eximia kawakamii, det. K. Akiyama 1993’ (Fig. 8). Although there is the name ‘ kawakamii ’ and not ‘ kawamurai ’ it is probably Akiyama’s misinterpretation and the specimen can be considered one of the paratypes.</p> <p>I studied three dark specimens from Cape Engano, Palaui Is. (ca 650 m north of Luzon) labelled as ‘types’ of two aberations of C. eximia by Hoscheck, one specimen of ‘ab. atrocyanea, det. 1934’ (Fig. 9, 13) and two specimens of ‘ab. purpureocuprea, det. 1941’ (Fig. 10, 14). Both are unpublished manuscript names and belong to the dark northern form, therefore there is no need to validate these names.</p> <p>Chrysodema (C.) eximia eximia can be very variable in colour. Generally, on Luzon Is., green to red-bronze form (34 specimens - only specimens localised at least on the level of province) is southern and dark form (14 specimens) is northern. Specimens known from the Babuyan Islands (C. eximia kawamurai) are green to brown-bronze (Fig. 12). I studied only five specimens of green form from north part of Luzon: two females are from Mountain Province (without accurate locality), two old females are from Ilocos Norte Province (without accurate locality) and one female from Palaui Is., Cape Engano which has identical labels as dark specimens of Hoscheck’s unpublished names atrocyanea and purpureocuprea. All the other studied specimens from northern provinces are dark. There are specimens of both colour forms also from localities Nueva Vizcaya Prov., Belance; and Aurora Prov., Dingalan. Further to the south there are only green specimens as far as Quezon Prov. (I have studied no specimen southwards of this province). From Camiguin Island (Babuyan Islands) ca 40 km north of Luzon Kurosawa (1989) described C. eximia kawamurai based on ‘Entirely coppery to greenish coppery and always tinged with green in some aspects, instead of being bright green or golden green in the nominotypical race from other islands of the Philippines.’. I studied twelve specimens from Camiguin Is. and they are very variable in colour. The paratype and six specimens were green, two green-bronze and three red-brown (but more light-coloured than specimens from north of Luzon Is.). Five specimens from Babuyan Is. are uniformly green-gold but there is also one light brown specimen in MHNG localised ‘ Philippines, Babuyan Isl.’ Specimens from Babuyan Islands in general look more shiny than those from Luzon Is. but many very shiny specimens with sparser macropunctation are also known from Luzon Is., therefore the determination of those two ‘subspecies’ by colour and shine is not reliably possible. Saunders (1874) described C. intercostata from North Luzon based on ‘(Elytra) each with the suture and four lines raised; between these more elevated lines are somewhat irregular intermediate costae.’ and he also wrote ‘Closely allied to eximia, L. &amp; G., but I can find no intermediate forms, so I describe it as distinct; the intermediate costae at once distinguish them.’. The paralectotype (MNHN) has intermediate costa only between the 1st and the 2nd costa and I found several other specimens with intermediate costae only between some main costae or with intermediate costae only hinted and very small. On the contrary all studied specimens of C. (C.) berliozi Descarpentries, 1948 (from Taiwan) have all intermediate costae although they are mostly smaller than main costae and sometimes only hinted. The green specimen of C. (C.) berliozi is almost similar to C. (C.) intercostata. Therefore Chrysodema (C.) eximia complex is the same concept as that of Lander (2003) when he synonymised C. (C.) intercostata and C. (C.) eximia kawamurai with C. (C.) eximia and downgraded C. (C.) berliozi to subspecies of C. (C.) eximia and this concept is also accepted by Bellamy (2008) and Kubáň (2016). It would be desirable to use molecular methods within C. (C.) eximia complex to definitively evaluate the status of all taxa and colour forms.</p> <p>Chrysodema (C.) eximia complex (Fig. 12) is also distributed around sea current as well as subspecies of Chrysodema (Gelaeus) walkeri (Waterhouse, 1892) on southern Moluccas islands (Frank &amp; Sekerka 2016) or C. (C.) aeneoviolacea Deyrolle, 1864 on Kai and Larat islands (Frank &amp; Sekerka 2020). There is the strong Kuroshio Current (e.g. Gallagher et al. 2015) from Philippines over Taiwan to Japan. Also Chrysodema (Pseudochrysodema) dalmanni (Eschscholtz, 1837) has similar but larger distribution from Philippines to Taiwan and farther to Ryukyu Islands (Japan).</p> <p>Manila is a capital city of Philippines at Metro Manila Province but Manila (or Manilla, Manille etc.) can mean the whole Luzon Island or Philippines on old labels.</p> <p>There is Mount Makiling at the border between Laguna and Batangas Provinces. Therefore, specimens localised only Mt. Makiling without specification of Province cannot be assigned to a province.</p> <p>Specimens with locality data Palawan (2 ♀♀), Mindanao (4 ♀♀) and Fidji (1 ♀) are probably erroneously localised and therefore they are not listed in examined material.</p> <p>Lander (2003) also mentioned distribution on Batan and Romblon islands but I have never studied specimens from these islands.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1229FFBC07E7FB2B753CADDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1220FFBA07E7FD2670C0AED2.text	03B7414B1220FFBA07E7FD2670C0AED2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia subsp. berliozi Descarpentries 1948	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia berliozi Descarpentries, 1948</p> <p>(Figs 12, 18–24, 65, 66)</p> <p>Chrysodema Berliozi Descarpentries (1948): 63 (original description); Akiyama &amp; Ohmomo (2000): Pl. 46, Figs 487-1–487-4 (iconography).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) berliozi: Kurosawa (1954): 31 (redescription).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) eximia berliozi: Lander (2003): 31 (revision, downgraded to subsp. of C. eximia), 78 (colour Fig.</p> <p>52); Mühle (2003): 45 (noted); Kubáň (2006): 345 (catalogue); Bellamy (2008): 530 (catalogue); Qi, Ai &amp; Song (2022): 361 (faunistics); Peng et al. (2022): 97 (redescription).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Cyalithoides) eximia berliozi: Kubáň (2016): 460 (catalogue); Tamadera &amp; Yoshitake (2017): 127 (faunistics).</p> <p>Chrysodema eximia berliozi: Ong &amp; Hattori (2019): 20 (diagnosis, iconography).</p> <p>Type locality. ‘Kôtô-Sho (Botel Tobago) Formose’ [Taiwan, Orchid Island].</p> <p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: ♀ (34.00 × 12.00 mm), ‘KÔTÔ-ŜHO | (Botel-Tobago Is.) | FORMOSA | IV. 1936 | COLL. Y. CHUJO [w(c), h; black border] || TYPE [r, p; black border] || 16 [w(c), h] || Chrysodema | Berliozi ♀ |TYPE [red stamp] mihi | A. Descarpentries det [w, h/p]’ (MNHN).</p> <p>PARATYPE: ♀ (30.25 × 11.00 mm; Figs 19–22), ‘ KÔTÔ-ŜHO | (Botel-Tobago Is.) | FORMOSA | IV. 1936 | COLL. Y. CHUJO [w(c), h; black border; label identical to holotype] || Chrysodema | Berliozi ♀ | PARATYPE [red stamp] mihi | A. Descarpentries. dét. [w, h/p]’ (NMPC).</p> <p>Both specimens were provided with an additional white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | eximia | berliozi | DESCARPENTRIES, 1948 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>AddiTiOnal maTerial examined (4 ♂♂, 30 ♀♀). TAIWAN: Formosa, T. Kano, 1 ♀ (MNCN, ex coll. Cobos); Yu Shan, vii.[20]06, J-M. Bousquet leg., 1 ♀ (DFPC); Taiwan, Puli, Winkler, 1 ♂, 8 ♀♀ (Fig. 18) (ATMR, ex coll. Novak). Orchid Island: ‘KOTOSHO | (BOTEL-TOBAGO IS.) | FORMOSA | 20. VI-10. VII 1938 | COLL. M. CHUJO [w(c), p; black border] || Chrysodema | Berliozi | mihi | PARATYPE [red stamp] | A. Descarpentries. dét. [w, h]’ 1 ♀ (MNHN) (labeled as paratype, see ‘ Remarks’); Lanyu Is., iv.1967, Coll. M. Chujo, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN); Tobago, 1 ♀ (MNHN); Botel-Tobago I., 2.ix.1939, T. Kaneko, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Botel-Tobago I., vi.1965, 1 ♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Botel-Tobago I., vii.1965, 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Botel Tobako, 1 ♂ (DFPC; Figs 23, 65); BotelTobago, 16.v.1957, 1 ♀ (MNCN, ex coll. Cobos); Botel-Tobago, vii.1965, 2 ♀♀ (MNCN, ex coll. Cobos); Lanyu Is., v.1970, W. Chen leg., 1 ♀ (MNCN, ex coll. Cobos); Lanyu Island, 25.5.1990, Coll. J. Dalihod, (3 ♀♀ NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň; 1 ♀ SGBG); Lan Yu Is., v.[19]59, 1 ♀ (ATMR, ex coll. Novak); Lun-shu Is., 1 ♂ (Figs 24, 66), 2 ♀♀ (ATMR, ex coll. Novak). WITHOUT LOCALITY DATA: R. I. Sc. N. B., I. G. 24.554, 2 ♀♀ (IRSN).</p> <p>Redescription of paratype. Well preserved ♀ specimen, only left fore and middle tarsi partly missing. Length 30.25 mm, width 11.00 mm, length/width ratio: 2.75.</p> <p>Body navicular, dorsal side metallic blue-violet with greenish reflections at apical third and green at head; ventral side (including head) and legs brown-red.</p> <p>Head green on dorsal side, brown-violet on ventral side. Eyes large, oval, area around eyes finely macropunctate and sparsely pubescent. Frons green, with coppery-red reflections at lower part, 2× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with medial sulcus, macropunctate, sparsely pubescent. Vertex green with coppery-red and bluish reflections, more coarsely macropunctate than frons. Labrum dark brown. Antennae serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I and II dark green with violet reflections, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula and antennomere from III dark brown, sparsely pubescent. Antennomere II ca. 4× shorter than I and 3× than III. Antennomeres IV–VI triangular, VII–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, narrowing anteriad with almost equal sides, widest at base, blue-violet with greenish reflections, 1.8× as wide as long. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Disc sparsely macropunctate with micropunctures between macropunctures, with sparse short pubescence. Medial line only slightly developed but visible, flat, almost unelevated, moderately impressed at base, only bordered by macropunctures, without medial impressions. Principal impressions elongate, deep. Lateral sides from principal impressions and lateral impressions coarsely macropunctate. Lateral margin green-violet. Basal margin bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, shiny, violet with greenish reflections.</p> <p>Elytra slightly wider than pronotum at base; parallel at basal half, narrowing from beyond its mid-length to apex; convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, moderately serrate at apical third. Serrations and apex of elytra violet. Four distinct main costae along suture on each elytron. 1 st costa from base to apex, 2 nd from basal fifth and joined to 1 st at apical fifth. 3 rd costa separated, shortened, from basal fifth to 3/4 length of elytra. 4 th costa also separated, from basal fifth but reaching to apex where it is almost joined to 1 st and suture. Basal fifth in front of costae 2–4 irregularly furrowed, irregularly macropunctate. Humeral calli not furrowed, irregularly macropunctate. Intercostal intervals divided by less distinct but well visible intercostae. Main costae, intercostae and top of furrows blue-violet with a few macropunctures; lower areas of furrows and intercostae intervals green with golden reflections irregularly macropunctate and with very short pubescence. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green-brown at basal half, violet at apical half, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent.</p> <p>Legs brown-red with greenish reflections; femora less, tibiae more macropunctate and pubescent. Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic red-brown, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side brown-red with greenish reflections. Hypomeron irregularly macropunctate more coarsely than prosternum. Anterior margin of prosternum densely pubescent. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 2.0× as long as wide, moderately densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, apex and sides smooth, polished and nearly impunctate. Metasternum sparsely macropunctate at central part; densely and coarsely macropunctate on sides; with short pubescence. Abdominal ventrites I–IV centrally sparsely macropunctate, laterally densely macropunctate in entire width, with short pubescence. Abdominal ventrites V densely macropunctate, with short pubescence.</p> <p>Variation. Body ♂♂ (n = 4) length: 25.25–25.75(27.50) (average 26.00) mm, width: 9.25–9.75 (average 9.44) mm, length/width ratio: (2.66)2.76–2.82 (average 2.76); ♀♀ (n = 27): length: 26.50–34.00 (average 29.89) mm, width: 9.50–12.00 (average 10.85) mm, length/width ratio: 2.61–2.90 (average 2.76). Colour of dorsal part from violet to blue-black, rarely bronze-brown or green. Intercostae can be thin or only slightly indicated but always visible. Aedeagus (n = 4) length: 6.91–7.32 mm, width: 1.64 mm, length/width ratio: 4.21–4.46. Parameres very broadly regularly navicular widest at mid-length, narrowly open at apical fifth, apice of parameres rounded. Penis moderately impressed with densely arranged striate laminae at center, apex of penis broadly triangular (Figs 65, 66).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Chrysodema (C.) eximia berliozi can be distinguished from the other species of this group by bicolourous head. Ventral side of head has brownish colour as well as entire ventral side but dorsal side has colour similar (or the same) to pronotum. Intercostae are always visible and most frequent colours of dorsal part are violet to blue-black. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Biology. Adults feed on leaves of Terminalia catappa, sometimes found on the leaves of Mallotus japonicus (Ong &amp; Hattori 2019).</p> <p>Distribution. Taiwan: main, Orchid [Lanyu], and Green [Ludao] (Tamadera &amp; Yoshitake 2017) islands (Fig. 12).</p> <p>Remarks. Descarpentries (1948) mentioned in his description that only two females (holotype deposited in Descarpentries’ collection and paratype from ‘même localité’ deposited in ‘Muséum de Paris’) belong to type series. The holotype is deposited in MNHN now but the paratype with the same locality label is deposited in NMPC. There is also the second female in MNHN from Botel-Tobago Is. with original Descarpentries’ type labels but with different dates of collecting. Also the Descarpentries’ (paratype) label is a little different. Therefore this specimen is not included in the type series and was provided with additional red printed labels ‘NO PARATYPE | This specimen cannot be paratype. | Descarpentries (1948: 64) mention- | ned only one paratype with the | same collecting data as holotype. | David Frank IV. 2021 [date handwritten]</p> <p>Lander (2003) downgraded Chrysodema (C.) berliozi to subspecies of C. (C.) eximia. However, majority of the specimens are very different from C. (C.) eximia but one of studied specimens was metallic green and it is similar to C. (C.) intercostata (which is in synonymy of C. (C.) eximia). Therefore it is kept as subspecies of C. (C.) eximia for the time being. It would be desirable to use molecular methods within C. (C.) eximia complex to definitively evaluate the status of this taxon (for more information see ‘Remarks’ under C. (C.) eximia).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1220FFBA07E7FD2670C0AED2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1226FFBA07E7FE3F77FDADBA.text	03B7414B1226FFBA07E7FE3F77FDADBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata Saunders 1874	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata species-group</p> <p>This group is characterized by relatively robust body, short, wide and convex in lateral view. Elytra have groups of macropunctures (Fig. 26c); antennae long and pubescent; mesotibiae of males with dense, long pubescence; with distinct ridge; or strongly bent at basal third. The group is distributed in Philippines and Sulawesi Island, and includes four species: C. (C.) antennata Saunders, 1874; C. (C.) holynskii sp. nov.; C. (C.) sekerkai sp. nov. and C. (C.) variipennis Saunders, 1874; C. (C.) antennata has three subspecies: the nominotypical one, C. (C.) antennata obsoleta J. Thomson, 1878 and C. (C.) antennata barriesi subsp. nov.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1226FFBA07E7FE3F77FDADBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1226FFBA07E7FCD871CBA95C.text	03B7414B1226FFBA07E7FCD871CBA95C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata Saunders 1874	<div><p>Key to the Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata species-group</p> <p>1 Inner side of mesotibia without ridge...................................................................... 2</p> <p>– Inner side of mesotibia with very distinct ridge (Figs 76, 77). Philippines: Mindanao, Dinagat and Samar islands. Figs 55–57, 59–60, 69, 76, 77.......................................................... C. (C.) variipennis Saunders, 1874</p> <p>2 Lateral sides of abdominal ventrites II–V coarsely but sparsely macropunctate with smooth and shiny areas; inner side of male mesotibia of C. (C.) sekerkai without long setae, male of C. (C.) holynskii unknown................................. 3</p> <p>– Lateral sides of abdominal ventrites II–V finely but densely macropunctate without smooth and shiny areas; inner side of male mesotibia densely pubescent with long setae................................................................ 4</p> <p>3 Basic colour of elytra black; principal impressions of pronotum clearly visible; female mesotibia bent at apical third (Fig. 74). Generally more broad, length/width ratio: ♀♀ (n = 129) 2.51–2.74 (average 2.60). Indonesia: Banggai, Peleng and Sulawesi islands. Figs 38–40, 68, 74........................................................... C. (C.) sekerkai sp. nov.</p> <p>– Basic colour of elytra green-bronze; principal impressions inconspicuous; female mesotibia not bent at apical third (Fig. 75). Generally more slender, length/width ratio: ♀♀ (n = 37) 2.68–2.89 (average 2.80). Philippines: Masbate Is. Figs 48–50, 53, 75............................................................................. C. (C.) holynskii sp. nov.</p> <p>4 Male antenna shorter than pronotum...................................................................... 5</p> <p>– Male antenna longer than pronotum, metallic-coloured apical part of male sternite IX V-shape bordered at base (Fig. 78), penis narrowed at apical half (Figs 70, 71). Philippines: Mindanao Is., Camiguin (Mindanao) Is., Dinagat Is., Leyte Is., Samar Is. Figs 29–34, 70, 71, 78.................................................. C. (C.) antennata antennata Saunders, 1874</p> <p>5 Metallic-coloured apical part of male sternite IX V-shape bordered at base, parameres shortly narrowly open at apex, (Fig. 67). Generally smaller: ♀♀ (n = 7): length: 22.00–27.25 (average 25.19) mm, width: 8.00–10.25 (average 9.25). Indonesia: Sulawesi Is. Figs 41–43, 46, 67, 73................................... C. (C.) antennata obsoleta J. Thomson, 1878</p> <p>– Metallic-coloured apical part of male sternite IX arcuately bordered at base (Fig. 79), parameres open from mid-length, penis subparallel-sided (Fig. 72). Generally bigger: ♀♀ (n = 35): length: 24.25–30.00(31.50) (average 27.09) mm, width: 9.00–12.00 (average 10.12) mm. Philippines: Palawan Is. Figs 35–37, 72, 79................. C. (C.) antennata barriesi subsp. nov.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1226FFBA07E7FCD871CBA95C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1226FFA607E7F9AA7721A8E2.text	03B7414B1226FFA607E7F9AA7721A8E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata subsp. antennata Saunders 1874	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata antennata Saunders, 1874</p> <p>(Figs 26–34, 45, 47, 62, 70, 71, 78)</p> <p>Chrysodema antennatus Saunders (1874): 313 (original description).</p> <p>Chalcophora antennata: Kerremans (1885): 125 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema antennata: Kerremans (1892a): 37 (catalogue); Kerremans (1892b): 23 (comparison with C. hebes); Kerremans (1903): 74 (catalogue); Théry (1933): 3 (noted); Akiyama &amp; Ohmomo (2000): Pl. 43, Figs 460-1, 460-2 (iconography).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata: Kerremans (1909): 517 (key), 560 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 130 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 14 (key), 48 (redescription), 80 (colour Fig. 94); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema hebes Kerremans (1892b): 23 (original description); Kerremans (1903): 74 (catalogue); Théry (1933): 4 (noted).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) hebes: Kerremans (1909): 518 (key), 562 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 48 (as synonym of C. (C.) antennata), 80 (colour Fig. 95); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata), 531 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) antennata).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) coriacea Kerremans (1919): 46 (original description); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 48 (as synonym of C. (C.) antennata), 80 (colour Fig. 96); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata), 531 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) antennata).</p> <p>Chrysodema coriacea: Théry (1933): 3 (noted).</p> <p>Chrysodema samarensis Fisher (1926): 23 (original description).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) samarensis: Lander (2003): 48 (as synonym of C. (C.) antennata); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata), 529 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) antennata).</p> <p>Type localities. Chrysodema antennata: ‘Mindanao and Camiguin de Mindanao’ [Philippines: Mindanao Island and Camiguin Island]; C. coriacea: ‘Ile Samar’ [Philippines: Samar Island]; C. hebes: ‘De Mindanao (Dr Staudinger, coll. G.-A. Baer)’ [Philippines: Mindanao Island]; C. samarensis: ‘Samar Island, Philippines’.</p> <p>Type material examined. Chrysodema antennata: LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♂ (23.25 × 8.75 mm; Figs 27, 29–31, 70, 78), ‘ Mindanao | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Mindanao. [w(c), p] || Type [w, p; round, red border] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || C. antennatus | Type ♂ ES [w(c), h]’ (BMNH).</p> <p>PARALECTOTYPES (3 ♀♀): ♀ (27.50 × 10.50 mm), ‘ Camiguin | de | Mindanao | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Camiguin. | de Mindanao. [w(c), p] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p]’ (BMNH); ♀ (24.25 × 9.00 mm), ‘ Philippines | Semper | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p]’ (BMNH); ♀ (25.00 × 9.00 mm), ‘ Philippines | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || antennata | K. [w(c), h]’ (BMNH).</p> <p>All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE [or PARALECTOTYPE respectively] [sex] | Chrysodema | antennata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank des. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Chrysodema hebes: LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♀ (26.25 × 10.00 mm; Figs 28, 32), ‘Mindanao | Staudinger. [w(c), h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || Type [w, p; round; red border] || Kerremans. | 1903-59. [w(c), p] || hebes | Kerremans | Type. [w(c), h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’ (BMNH; figured in Lander (2003: Fig. 95) as holotype of C. antennata var. hebes).</p> <p>The specimen was provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE ♀ | Chrysodema | hebes | KERREMANS, 1892 | David Frank des. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’ and also white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | antennata antennata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Chrysodema coriacea: SYNTYPES (3 ♀♀): 2 ♀♀ (28.25 × 10.50; Figs 33, 47 and 25.50 × 9.50 mm), ‘ Samar | Meyer D. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || MUSEUM PARIS | COLL. CH. KERREMANS | 1923 [y, p] || TYPE [r, p] | coriacea | Kerr. Type [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’ (MNHN); ♀ (26.00 × 9.50 mm) ‘ Samar | Meyer D. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || ♀ [w, h] || TYPE [r, p] | coriacea | Kerr. Type [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’ (MNHN).</p> <p>All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ SYNTYPE ♀ | Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | coriacea | KERREMANS, 1919 | David Frank labelled IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’ and also white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | antennata antennata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Chrysodema samarensis: HOLOTYPE: ♀ (27.50 × 10.00 mm), ‘Samar | PI [w, p] || 2-vii-24. | coll. R.C.| McGregor [w, p] || Type No. | 28742 | U.S. N.M. [r, p/h] | HOLOTYPE [red letters] | CHRYSODEMA | samarensis | Fisher [w, h/p; red border]’ (USNM).</p> <p>ALLOTYPE: ♂ (22.75 × 8.25 mm; Figs 34, 45, 71), ‘ Samar | PI [w, p] || 21-6-24. | coll. R.C. | McGregor [w, p] || AllotypeNo. | 28742 | U.S. N.M. [r, p/h]’ (USNM).</p> <p>AddiTiOnal maTerial examined (15 ♂♂, 64 ♀♀). PHILIPPINES: Philippines, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN); Philippines, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Janson); Philippin., v. Möllendorf, 1895 (1 ♂, 1 ♀ IRSN; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ SGBG; 1 ♂ RHMP); Philippine Is., 1910–112, collected by R. McGregor, 2 ♀♀ (BMNH); Phil. Isla, 2 ♀♀ (BMNH); Philippines, 1 ♀ (BMNH); Philippines, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); Philippines, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Lander). CAMIGUIN ISLAND: Phillippinen, Camiguin, 21.xii.1916, G. Boettcher, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser). DINAGAT ISLAND: Phillip. Islands, Dinagat, Semper, 1 ♀ (BMNH, ex coll. Fry); Dinagat Is., Aug [ust]. 1991, 2 ♂♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 22.11.1991, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 24.11.1991, 1 ♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., xi.1991, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 7.5.1995, 1 ♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 15.3.1992, 1 ♂ (DFPC); Dinagat Isl., 15.iii.1992, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Dinagat Isl., 18.iii.1995, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Dinagat Isl., 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Dinagat Is., ix.1991, 1 ♀ (RHMP). LEYTE ISLAND: Phillippinen, Leyte, St. Cruz, x.1915, G. Boettcher, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser). MINDANAO ISLAND: Mindanao, J. Waterstradt, 1903-1904, 2 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀ (MNHN); Philippinés, Mindanao, 1 ♀ (MNHN); Mindanao, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Oberthür); Mindanao, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Mindanao, Zamboanga [without accurate specification], vi.[19]89, 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Mindanao, R[Z?]amboanga [without accurate specification], vii.[19]89, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Mindanao, 25.4.[19]95, Bourdant leg., 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Mindanao, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (RHMP). Lanao del Sur Prov.: Wao, November 2018, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Misamis Oriental Prov.: P.I., Bugo, 1 ♀ (NHMB, ex coll. Frey); Misamis, Balinagsag, Oct [ober]. 2014, 1 ♀ (WBWA). South Cotabato Prov.: Koronadal, Aug. 30 1990, Gadayan, Rivera, Dajay, Frugalidad, 1 ♀ (MHNG); Koronadal, Sept. 1991, Gadayan, Rivera, Dajay, Frugalidad, 1 ♀ (MHNG). Zamboanga del Norte Prov.: Labuan, January 2018, ♂ (DFPC). SAMAR ISLAND: Ile Samar, 3 ♀♀ (MNHN); Samar, vi.-vii.[18]96, J. Whithead, 2 ♀♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser, NHMB, ex coll. Frey); Samar, Meyer D., 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kerremans); Samar, vi.1993, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); Samar, Eastern Visayan, July 1996, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); Eastern Visayae, Samar Isl. vi.1993, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Samar, vi.[19]93, 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Island Samar, Baker, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (RHMP); Samar, Eastern Visayaz, July 1996, 1 ♀ (SGBG); Samar, 5.6.1999, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Northern Samar Prov.: Easter Visayas, Northern Samar, Lope de Vega, February 2019, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Samar Prov.: Easter Visayas, Samar, Hinabangan, October 2017, 1 ♀ (DFPC).</p> <p>Redescription of lectotype. Well preserved ♂ specimen, only right antenna missing from antennomere III. Length 23.25 mm, width 8.75 mm, length/width ratio: 2.66.</p> <p>Body navicular, basic colour of dorsal side is black but it appears gold-green because of dense metallic green macropunctures; ventral side green with golden reflections, legs green.</p> <p>Head green with black frons.Eyes large, oval,area around eyes densely macropunctate with green macropunctures and densely pubescent. Frons black with green spot at center, sparsely macropunctate with green macro punctures, 1.6× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus, with sparse short pubescence. Vertex green with golden reflections densely macropunctate. Labrum brown, pubescent. Antennae longer than pronotum, serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I and II metallic green with coppery reflections, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula and antennomere from III brown. Antennomeres III–VI very long. Antennomere IV long triangular, V–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi brownblack, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum almost rectangular, black with irregular golden macropunctures or groups of macropunctures, moderately densely micropunctate, 1.5× as wide as long. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line black, micropunctate, without macropunctures. Medial impressions weak and shallow only indicated by denser macropunctation. Principal impressions oval, golden, densely macropunctate and with sparse short pubescence. Lateral impressions golden-green, moderately deep, macropunctate. Lateral margin green. Basal margin moderately bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, green and shiny.</p> <p>Elytra wider than pronotum at base; widest at basal tenth, moderately narrowing to middle, strongly narrowing from beyond its mid-length to apex, moderately convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Groups of macropunctures of different sizes contain ca 5–35 macropunctures, arranged in almost regular rows. Black areas between rows of groups of macropunctures appear as weak costae which are interconnected at short intervals, sparsely macropunctate and micropunctate, along suture irregular row of individual macropunctures. The most lateral intervals coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is golden-green. Humeral calli moderately furrowed. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green with golden reflections, moderately densely macropunctate and sparsely pubescent.</p> <p>Legs metallic green; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Inner side of mesotibiae from middle to tarsi very densely and longly pubescent. Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side metallic green with golden reflections. Hypomeron irregularly punctate more coarsely than prosternum. Anterior margin of prosternum densely pubescent. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 2.0× as long as wide, densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, sides sparsely punctate and shiny. Metasternum sparsely punctate and shiny at central part; densely and finely punctate and pubescent on sides. Abdominal ventrites I–III moderately densely punctate at central part, laterally densely punctate and pubescent in entire width. Abdominal ventrites IV–V densely punctate and with short pubescence in entire area. Metallic green and pubescent apical part of sternite IX V-shape bordered at base (Fig. 78).</p> <p>Aedeagus. Narrowly regularly navicular, widest at mid-length, length: 6.18 mm, width: 1.00 mm, length/width ratio: 6.18. Parameres shortly narrowly open at apex, apices of parameres rounded. Penis distinctly narrowed from beyond its mid-length to apex, striate laminae only at the 2 nd quarter from apex. Apex of penis triangular (Figs 70).</p> <p>Variation (only specimens from selected localities, see ‘Remarks’). Body ♂♂ (n = 14) length: 20.50–23.75 mm, width: 7.50–8.75 mm, length/width ratio: 2.65–2.83; ♀♀ (n = 55): length: 22.75–29.25 (average 26.18) mm, width: 8.25–11.00 (average 9.66) mm, length/width ratio: 2.55–2.86 (average 2.71). Pronotum usually trapezoidal, rarely almost rectangular. Groups of macropuctures are variable in size as well as in count of macropunctures (2–&gt;40). Colour of macropunctures variable from golden-green to dark brown. Aedeagus (n = 9) length: 5.55–6.18 mm, width: 0.91–1.18 mm, length/width ratio: 5.24–6.20.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Males of all subspecies of C. (C.) antennata have very dense and long pubescence on inner side of mesotibiae from middle to tarsi. Males of C. (C.) antennata antennata have antennae longer than pronotum. From C. (C.) antennata barriesi can be distinguished by shape of penis which is distinctly narrowed from beyond its middle to apex and by V-shaped border of metallic green apical part of male sternite IX (Fig. 78). From C. (C.) antennata obsoleta it can be distinguished by shape of aedeagus which is narrowly navicular. Groups of macropuctures are variable, the other subspecies have groups of macropunctures more or less uniform. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Distribution. Philippines: Mindanao, Camiguin (north of Mindanao), Dinagat, Leyte and Samar islands (Fig. 62). Specimens localised from Panay, Luzon and Mindoro islands are problematic (see ‘Remarks’).</p> <p>Remarks. Saunders (1874) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing C. antennata nor mentioned any depository. Because he mentioned measurements ‘ ♂. Length 11 lines; breadth 4 lines. ♀. Length from 11 lines to 13 lines.. [♂ 23.32 × 8.48; ♀♀ 23.32–27.56 mm]’ and localities ‘ Hab.–Mindanao and Camiguin de Mindanao]’ it is clear that he had more specimens. I found one male specimen in BMNH (Figs 29–31) from Saunders’ collection, from ‘Mindanao’ which has almost identical length and width (23.25 × 8.75 mm) and type label ‘ C. antennatus | Type ♂ ES [w(c), h]’ (Fig. 27). This specimen is designated as a lectotype in order to conserve the status of this taxon and avoid any further misinterpretations.</p> <p>There are also three females in Saunders’ collection labelled ‘ Camiguin de Mindanao’ (27.50 × 10.50 mm), ‘ Philippines, Semper’ (24.25 × 9.00 mm) and ‘Philippines’ (25.00 × 9.00 mm). According to measures in the description (23.32–27.56 mm) these female specimens are in this range therefore they are also included in the type series as paralecrotypes.</p> <p>Kerremans (1892b) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing C. hebes. He mentioned only ‘De Mindanao (Dr Staudinger, coll. G.-A. Baer)’, a single length and width measurement ‘Long. 26; lat. 10 mill.’. I found one female specimen in BMNH (Fig. 32) with the label ‘Mindanao | Staudinger’ which has almost identical length and width (26.25 × 10.00 mm) and Kerremans’ handwriting type label ‘hebes | Kerremans | Type. [w, h]’ (Fig. 28). This specimen is designated as a lectotype in order to conserve the status of this taxon and avoid any further misinterpretations. Kerremans (1892b) described C. hebes based on the structure of elytra, matt appearance and non-metallic tarsi. Lander (2003) synonymized C. (C.) hebes with C. (C.) antennata antennata and this synonymy is accepted also by Bellamy (2008). I studied the type specimen of C. (C.) hebes and found all differences are within variability of C. (C.) antennata antennata. Therefore C. (C.) hebes is kept in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata antennata.</p> <p>Kerremans (1919) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing C. coriacea from Samar Island but he had more specimens than one because he mentioned males as well as females and range of measures ‘Long. 25–28; larg. 8,5-10 10 mill.’. I found three females (25.50, 26.00 and 28.25 mm (Fig. 33)) in MNHN from Samar Is. with Kerremans’ handwriting type labels ‘coriacea | Kerr. Type [w, h]’ (Fig. 47). Since all three specimens morphologically belong to a single species, they are from type locality (Samar Is.) and have Kerremans’ handwritten type labels, there is no need of lectotype designation and I treat them as syntypes. Kerremans (1919) described C. coriacea based on stockier and more convex body, with much larger elytral punctuation and thicker reliefs, the ribs well marked. Lander (2003) synonymised C. (C.) coriacea with C. (C.) antennata antennata and this synonymy is accepted also by Bellamy (2008). I studied three syntypes of C. (C.) coriacea and twenty more specimens from Samar Is. and found all differences are within variability of C. (C.) antennata antennata. Therefore C. (C.) coriacea is kept in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata antennata.</p> <p>Fisher (1926) described Chrysodema samarensis from twenty two specimens from Samar Island. He wrote ‘This species is closely allied to Chrysodema antennata...’ and described it based on ‘absence of coppery spots on the elytra, and the reliefs of a violaceous black color...’. Lander (2003) synonymised C. (C.) samarensis with C. (C.) antennata antennata and this synonymy is accepted also by Bellamy (2008). I studied holotype (♀) and allotype (♂; Figs 34, 45) from USNM and found all differences are within variability of C. (C.) antennata antennata. Therefore C. (C.) samarensis is kept in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata antennata.</p> <p>There are also specimens from Panay Is. (1 ♂ (without aedeagus and antennae), 10 ♀♀; NMPC, MHNG, DFPC), Luzon Is. (1 ♂ (without aedeagus), 12 ♀♀; NMPC, BMNH, MFNB, MHNG, MNCN, DFPC), Romblon Is. (1 ♀ MHNG) and Mindoro Is. (MHNG, IRSN, RHMP, DFPC) which are problematic. The specimens within each series are morphologically very different and some specimens are similar to C. (C.) antennata and others to C. (C.) holynskii. Both male specimens certainly belong to C. (C.) antennata because they have mesotibia densely pubescent with long setae. The male specimen from Luzon has antenna shorter than pronotum (as C. (C.) antennata barriesi) but V-shaped border of metallic green area of sternite IX (as C. (C.) antennata antennata). Some specimens might be wrongly localised therefore recent correctly localised material (including males) is necessary for evaluation of their status. All these specimens were determined ‘ cf. antennata ’or ‘ cf. holynskii ’ respectively but neither listed in list of examined material nor included in variation.</p> <p>Specimens with locality data China (1 ♀ MNHN, coll. Nonfried), Malaysia, Cameron Highlands (1 ♀ MHNG), Sumatra (1 ♀ MNHN, coll. Nonfried; 1 ♀ MFNB, coll. Moser), New Guinea, Finschhafen (1 ♂ MFNB, coll. Moser) and also from north Borneo (1 ♀ MFNB, coll. Moser from Baram; 2 ♀♀ MNHN from Kudat) are very probably erroneously localised and they are also not mentioned in the list of examined material and variations. All these specimens were determined as C. (C.) antennata antennata.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1226FFA607E7F9AA7721A8E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B123FFFA207E7FF677758A886.text	03B7414B123FFFA207E7FF677758A886.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata subsp. barriesi Frank 2022	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata barriesi subsp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 11, 35–37, 62, 72, 79)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 170B7BCE-3E27-4873-A925-5FDC2214ACAA</p> <p>Type locality. Philippines: Palawan Province, Palawan Island, Brooke’s Point.</p> <p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: ♂ (23.50 × 8.50 mm; Figs 11, 35–37, 72, 79), ‘ PHILIPPINEN Palawan | Brookes Point | Jänner 2000 [w, p/h] || ex coll. | Barries [y, h/p] || CHRYSODEMA | antennata Saunders | det. Barries 2004 [w, p]’ (NMPC).</p> <p>PARATYPES (5 ♂♂, 40 ♀♀): PHILIPPINES: PALAWAN ISLAND: ‘ ♀ [w, p] || Palawan | I.1898.Doherty [w(c), p; black border] || Coll. Van de Pool [w(c), p]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘692. [w, p] || H'ebe | Palawan [w, h (red letters)]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘ ♀ [w, p] || Palawan | Platen [w(c), h]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘SOUTH | PALAWAN | 3-08-[19]82 [w, p] || MUSEUM PARIS | COLL. GÉNÉRALE [y, p]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘ ♀ [w, p] || Palawan | Waterstradt | Coll. Van de Pool [w(c), h/p]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘ Puerto Princesa | (Paragua) | Philippines. [w(c), p]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘ Palawan | Thery [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || Kerremans. | 1903–59. [w(c), p] || antennata | Saund. [w(c), h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’, 1 ♀ (BMNH); ‘ Palawan | PHILIPPINES | VI.1984 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | hebes | Kerr., 1892 | Dét. T. LANDER 1999 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘ PHILIPPINES | Palawan | Brooks Point | X.2001 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund., 1874 | Dét. T. LANDER 192001 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘ PHILIPPINES | Palawan Isl [w, h] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund., 1874 | Dét. T. LANDER 192001 [w, h/p]’, 2 ♀♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘ Palawan Is | PHILIPPINES | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p] || [upper side]: comparé | au Type [r, p]; [underside]: de hebes | 6.2000 | Londres [r, h] || Chrysodema | antennata | v. hebes | Kerr | Dét. T. LANDER 1999 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘ Palawan [w(c), h] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p] || hebes Kerr. [w(c), h]’, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); ‘I. Palawan [w, h] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); ‘ Palawan. [w, h] || Chr. | Hebes | Kerr. | Palawan. [w(c), h; black border] || Chr. Hebes | Kerr. H. [w, h]’, 1 ♀ (MFNB); ‘2892 [w(c), h] || [original label] Nord | Palawan [w(c), p]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’, 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘ PHILIPPINEN Palawan | Brookes Point | Jänner 2000 [w, p/h] || coll. | Barries [y, p] || CHRYSODEMA | dalmanni Escholtz 1837 | det. Barries 2004 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (WBWA); ‘ ♀ [w, p] || Phillipinen | Broches Point | Palawan 20.4.1996 [w, p] || coll. | Barries [y, p] || CHRYSODEMA | dalmanni Escholtz 1837 | det. Barries 2004 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (WBWA); ‘ PHILIPPINEN, Palawan | Brookes Point | Sept. 2014, native collector [w, p/h] || ex Coll. | Barries [y, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘ PALAWAN | Northern | 8.1.1998 [w, p (black border)]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘ PHILIPPINES Palawan | Brooke's Point, Mt. Gantung | 08° 57' 37" N 117° 49' 03" E | IV-V-2008 local collector [w, p] || Chrysodema jucunda | Laporte &amp; Gory 1835 [w, h]’, 2 ♀♀ (DFPC); PHILIPPINES Palawan | Brooke's Point, Mt. Gantung | 08° 57' 37" N 117° 49' 03" E | IV-V-2008 local collector [w, p] || Chrysodema | (s. str.) | a. antennata | Saunders | Det. T.C.MacRae 2018 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀ (TMWU); ‘PHL, Roxas, | Palawan, Philippines | SEPTEMBER 2020 [w, p]’, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘PHL, Roxas, | Palawan, Philippines | OCTOBER 2020 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘ Philippinen / Palawan | Brooke's Point | 2.8.1997 [w, p] || coll. | Mühle [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (HMNG); ‘ Philippinen / Palawan | Brooke's Point | 3.8.1997 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (HMNG); ‘ROXAS | PALAWAN | VIII.2020 [w, h]’, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MPPC); ‘ROXAS | PALAWAN | IX.2020 [w, h]’, 1 ♀ (MPPC); ‘ PHILIPPINES: | Palawan Isl. | Brookes Pt. | Feb. 1997 [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || Chrysodema | cf. antennata Saund. | det. S. Gottwald 2003 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘Brookes Pt. | Palawan Isl. | Jul. '01 [w, p] || ex Coll. | M. H. HEMPEL | (München) [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saunders [w, p]’, 4 ♀♀ (SGBG); ‘Brookes Pt. | Palawan Isl. | Sept. '99 [w, p] || ex Coll. | M. H. HEMPEL | (München) [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || Chrysodema | philippinensis | Laporte [w, p] || Chrysodema | antennata Saund. | det. S. Gottwald 2016 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘Brookes Pt. | Palawan Isl. | Jun. '03 [w, p] || ex Coll. | M. H. HEMPEL | (München) [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || Chrysodema | philippinensis | Laporte [w, p] || Chrysodema | antennata Saund. | det. S. Gottwald 2016 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘ PHILIPPINES | Palawan XI. 1974 | Brookes Point | Rodrigo Rodriguez [w, p/h] || coll. R B HOŁYŃSKI | BPdia [w, h] || Chrysodema | antennata | SND. | det.R.Hołyński | 1978 [w, p/h]’, 1 ♀ (RHMP).</p> <p>All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ HOLOTYPE [or PARATYPE respectively] [sex] | Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | antennata | barriesi subsp. nov. | David Frank det. I. 2022 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Description of holotype. Well preserved ♂ specimen with all appendages intact, only both fore legs are glued in femoro-tibial joints. Length 23.50 mm, width 8.50 mm, length/width ratio: 2.76.</p> <p>Body navicular, basic colour of dorsal side is black but it seems dark green because of dense metallic green macropunctures; ventral side green with golden reflections, legs green.</p> <p>Head black with green punctures on dorsal side, green on ventral side. Eyes large, oval, area around eyes densely finely macropunctate with green macro punctures and sparsely pubescent. Frons black, sparsely macropunctate with green macropunctures, 2× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus, with sparse short pubescence. Vertex more coarsely macropunctate than frons. Micropunctures almost absent. Labrum brown, with long pubescence. Antennae serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I and II green with coppery reflections, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula and antennomeres from III dark brown with sparse long pubescence. Antennomere II ca. 4× shorter than I and III. Antennomere IV long triangular, V–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi brown, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, narrowing anteriad with rounded sides, widest at mid-length, black, moderately densely irregularly golden-green macropunctate, 1.5× as wide as long. Micropunctures almost absent. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line very weak, almost coalesces with pattern of disc, without medial impressions. Principal impressions oval, golden-green, densely macropunctate. Lateral impressions moderately deep, with several macropunctures. Lateral margin golden shiny. Basal margin moderately bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, green with golden reflections.</p> <p>Elytra moderately wider than pronotum at base; subparallel in basal half, narrowing from beyond its midlength to apex; convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Groups of macropunctures of almost the same size contain ca 5–10 macropunctures, arranged in almost regular rows. Black areas between rows of groups of macropunctures appear as weak costae which are interconnected at short intervals, along suture a row of individual macropunctures. Micropunctures almost absent. Last two lateral intervals coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is green with golden reflections, golden spot behind humeral calli from base. Humeral calli moderately furrowed. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green with golden reflections, moderately densely macropunctate and sparsely pubescent.</p> <p>Legs metallic green with golden reflections; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Inner side of mesotibiae from middle to tarsi with very dense and long pubescence. Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side metallic green with golden reflections. Hypomeron irregularly macropunctate more densely than prosternum. Anterior margin of prosternum with dense short pubescence. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 1.9× as long as wide, moderately densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, apex and sides smooth, polished, nearly impunctate and sparsely pubescent. Metasternum densely macropunctate and pubescent. Inner apical margin of metasternum with dense long pubescence. Abdominal ventrites I–V centrally less, laterally more densely macropunctate in entire width, densely pubescent. Metallic green and pubescent area of abdominal sternite IX arcuately bordered at base (Fig. 79).</p> <p>Aedeagus. Narrowly regularly navicular, widest at mid-length, length: 6.09 mm, width: 1.09 mm, length/ width ratio: 5.59. Parameres open from mid-length, apices of parameres rounded. Penis subparallel-sided, deeply impressed with densely arranged striate laminae at entire width, apex of penis narrowly triangular (Fig. 72).</p> <p>Variation. Body ♂♂ (n = 4) length: (20.75)23.00– 23.50 mm, width: (7.50) 8.50–8.75 mm, length/width ratio: (2.63)2.74–2.77; ♀♀ (n = 35): length: 24.25–30.00(31.50) (average 27.09) mm, width: 9.00–12.00 (average 10.12) mm, length/width ratio: 2.50–2.82 (average 2.68). Groups of macropuctures can be variable but never large. Colour of macropunctures variable from green to dark green-brown. Aedeagus (n = 5) length: 5.54–6.09 mm, width: 1.00– 1.14 mm, length/width ratio: 5.26–5.59.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Males of all subspecies of C. (C.) antennata have very dense and long pubescence on inner side of mesotibiae from middle to tarsi. Males of C. (C.) antennata barriesi have antennae shorter than pronotum. From C. (C.) antennata antennata can be distinguished by shape of penis which is subparallel-sided and by rounded border of metallic green area of male abdominal sternite IX (Fig. 79). From C. (C.) antennata obsoleta can be distinguished by parameres which are open from middle (Fig. 72) and also by arcuate border of metallic green area of male abdominal sternite IX. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named after Wolfgang Barries (Vienna, Austria), a specialist in Buprestidae, mainly in the genus Chrysobothris, who kindly provided the holotype specimen.</p> <p>Distribution. Philippines: Palawan Island (Fig. 62).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B123FFFA207E7FF677758A886	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B123CFFAF07E7FF67776DAA56.text	03B7414B123CFFAF07E7FF67776DAA56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata subsp. obsoleta J. Thomson 1878	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata obsoleta J. Thomson, 1878</p> <p>(Figs 41–44, 46, 62, 67, 73)</p> <p>Chrysodema obsoleta J. Thomson (1878): 20 (original description); Kerremans (1892a): 39 (catalogue); Kerremans (1903): 76 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chalcophora obsoleta: Kerremans (1885): 126 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) obsoleta: Kerremans (1909): 520 (key), 582 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 132 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata obsoleta: Lander (2003): 48 (revision, downgraded to subsp. of C. (C.) antennata), 80 (colour Fig. 96, misidentification = C. (C.) sekerkai); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue), 534 (listed as subspecies of C. (C.) antennata).</p> <p>Type locality. ‘ Celebes’ [Indonesia: Sulawesi Island].</p> <p>Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♀ (22.00 × 7.00 mm; Figs 41–44), ‘Ex Musaeo | JAMES THOMSON [w(c), p (black border)] || TYPE [r, p] || Th. | TYPE [w, p (black border)] || Chrysodema | Obsoleta | (HDeyr) | Célèbes [y, h] || Obsoleta | (H. Deyr. M.s.s.) | Thoms. Type |T. B. 20. | Célèbes [w, h]’ (MNHN).</p> <p>The specimen was provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE ♀ | Chrysodema | obsoleta | THOMSON J., 1878 | David Frank des. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’ and also white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | antennata | obsoleta | THOMSON J., 1878 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>AddiTiOnal maTerial examined (3 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀). INDONESIA: Sulawesi Island (without accurate locality): Célèbes, 1 ♂ (MNHN; Figs 46, 67); Célebes, Carter, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Théry); Celebes, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Lander); Indonesia, Celebes, 1 ♀ (DFPC). CENTRAL SULAWESI PROv.: Tonusu, b. Tentena, Poso-See, 21.- 26.4.1994, leg. Gerstmeier, Hiermeier, Romig, 1 ♀ (DFPC). NORTH SULAWESI PROv.: Sulawesi Utara, Dumoga Bone N. P., 0°33'N 123°40'E, 4.iii.1985, Base Camp Site, Malaise trap by fallen tree, C.H.C. Lyal, 1 ♀ (BMNH); Sulawesi Utara, Dumoga-Bone N. P., March 1985, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=123.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 123.666664/lat 0.55)">Lowland forest</a> edge ca 200m, Malaise trap, 1 ♀ (BMNH). SOUTH SULAWESI PROv.: Patunuang, Jan. 1896, H. Fruhstorfer, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Van de Pool).</p> <p>Redescription of lectotype. Moderately well preserved ♀ specimen with missing right antenna from antennomere VI, and right middle and left hind legs; elytra slightly open. Length 22.00 mm, width 7.00 mm, length/ width ratio: 2.75.</p> <p>Body navicular, basic colour of dorsal side black-violet with metallic green macropunctation; ventral side green with coppery reflections, legs green.</p> <p>Head black with green area around eyes and punctures on dorsal side, green on ventral side. Eyes large, oval. Area around eyes green, finely macropunctate. Frons black with small green spot at center, with very sparse green macropunctures, 2× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus, with very sparse short pubescence. Vertex more densely macropunctate than frons. Labrum pale brown, pubescent. Antennae serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomere I green, II green-brown, sparsely macropunctate and with short pubescence; radicula and antennomeres from III dark brown with sparse short pubescence. Antennomere II ca. 3× shorter than I and 2× than III. Antennomere IV long triangular, V–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi pale brown, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, narrowing anteriad with rounded sides, widest at mid-length, black, with moderately dense irregular green macropunctures, micropunctate between macropunctures, 1.5× as wide as long.Anterior margin arcuate, lobe moderately protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line black, micropunctate, without macropunctures. Medial impressions weak and shallow only indicated by denser macropunctation. Principal impressions almost triangular, green, densely macropunctate. Lateral impressions green, moderately deep, macropunctate. Lateral margin green. Basal margin moderately bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum broadly trapezoidal, green and shiny.</p> <p>Elytra moderately wider than pronotum at base; subparallel at basal half, narrowing from beyond its midlength to apex; convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Groups of macropunctures in basal half of almost the same size contain ca 5–10 macropunctures, arranged in almost regular rows. Black-violet areas between rows of groups of macropunctures look like weak costae which are interconnected at short intervals. Macropunctures at apical half in almost coherent rows between weak black-violet costae. Last two lateral intervals coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is green. Humeral calli moderately furrowed. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green, moderately densely macropunctate and pubescent.</p> <p>Legs metallic green with bronze reflections; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Mesotibiae moderately curved at basal half and almost straight at apical half (Fig. 73). Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green with bronze reflections, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side green with bronze reflections. Hypomeron and prosternum macropunctate and with short pubescence. Anterior margin of prosternum with dense short pubescence. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 1.9× as long as wide, densely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, apex and sides smooth, polished, nearly impunctate and sparsely pubescent. Metasternum densely macropunctate and pubescent. Abdominal ventrites I–IV centrally less, laterally very densely macropunctate, macropunctures at central part bigger than at lateral parts. Abdominal ventrite V very densely macropunctate at whole area. All abdominal ventrites with dense and short pubescence.</p> <p>Variation. Body ♂♂ (n = 3) length: 22.50–22.75 mm, width: 8.00– 8.50 mm, length/width ratio: 2.68–2.81; ♀♀ (n = 7): length: 22.00–27.25 (average 25.19) mm, width: 8.00–10.25 (average 9.25) mm, length/width ratio: 2.66– 2.75 (average 2.70). Groups of macropuctures can be variable but never large. Colour of macropunctures variable from green to red-bronze. Aedeagus (n = 2) length: 5.82 mm, width: 1.09 mm, length/width ratio: 5.34. Aedeagus narrowly rhomboidal, widest at mid-length. Parameres narrowly open at apex (Fig. 67).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Males of all subspecies of C. (C.) antennata have very dense and long pubescence on inner side of mesotibiae from mid-length to tarsi. Males of C. (C.) antennata obsoleta have antennae shorter than pronotum. From C. (C.) antennata antennata can be distinguished by shape of aedeagus which is narrowly rhomboidal. From C. (C.) antennata barriesi can be distinguished also by narrowly rhomboidal aedeagus, by parameres which are open only at apex (Fig. 67) and by V-shaped border of metallic green area of male abdominal sternite IX. Females can be distinguished from C. (C.) sekerkai by mesotibiae which are not bent at apical third (Fig. 73). Macropunctures on pronotum generally finer than in C. (C.) sekerkai and without golden-green margin. Chrysodema (C.) antennata obsoleta is generally the smallest subspecies of C. (C.) antennata. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Distribution. Indonesia: Sulawesi Island (Fig. 62).</p> <p>Remarks. Although J. Thomson (1878) wrote in his description of C. obsoleta ‘Le plus petit type à nous connu de la coupe actuelle;... [The smallest type known to me;...]’ it is not clear from this sentence if he had only one specimen or if one of specimens was the smallest. He also mentioned only a single length and width measurement ‘Long. 21 mill.; lat. 7 mill.’ but the specimen in MNHN labelled as type has 22 × 8 mm (Lander (2003) also mentioned 22 mm). On the other hand, the specimen has old type labels and it is almost certain that the specimen is the (holo)type or one of the syntypes. Therefore this specimen is designated as a lectotype in order to conserve the status of this taxon and avoid any further misinterpretations.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B123CFFAF07E7FF67776DAA56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1233FFAC07E7FAAE775DA908.text	03B7414B1233FFAC07E7FAAE775DA908.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) holynskii Frank 2022	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) holynskii sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 48–53, 62, 75)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 53F0BEEE-BCC0-4BB8-A632-422358F9DF61</p> <p>Type locality. Philippines: Masbate Province, Masbate Island, Aroroy.</p> <p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: ♀ (29.50 × 10.25 mm; Figs 48–51), ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || antennata E.S | Det. Dr. Obenberger [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | antennata Saund. | sensu Th. Lander 2000 [w, p]’ (NMPC).</p> <p>PARATYPES (44 ♀♀): PHILIPPINES: MASBATE ISLAND: Masbate Prov.: ‘ Philippinen | Masbate |Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund., 1874 | Dét. T. LANDER 192001 [w, h/p]’ 2 ♀♀ (NMPC); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || Chrysodema | antennata Saund. | sensu Th. Lander 2000 [w, p]’ 2 ♀♀ (NMPC); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || Slg.H.Pochon | Bern | 1968 [w, p] || 29. [w, h; blue letters] || Chrysodema | antennata Saund | Det. H. Pochon [w, h/p]’ 1 ♀ (NMBE, ex coll. Pochon); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || Slg.H.Pochon | Bern | 1968 [w, p]’ 1 ♀ (NMBE, ex coll. Pochon); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [underside]: G Boettcher | VIII.1917 [w(c), h] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p] || antennata Snd | Det. Hoscheck. 1926 [w(c), h/p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser); ‘[upper side]: Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [underside]: G Boettcher | VIII.1917 [w(c), h] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p]’ (5 ♀♀ MFNB, ex coll. Moser, 1 ♀ DFPC); ‘[upper side]: Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [underside]: G Boettcher | VIII.1917 [w(c), h] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p] || Chrysodema | antennata | Thoms., 1874 | Dét. T. LANDER 192001 [w, h/p]’ (13 ♀♀ MFNB, ex coll. Moser, 2 ♀♀ DFPC); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate |Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || Collectio | H. MARCHAND | 1956 Basel [w, p] || Coll.NMB [r, p] || Chrysodema | antennata | E. Sd.| Det. Dr. Obenberger [w, h/p]’ 1 ♀ (NHMB, coll. general, ex coll. Marchand); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || Coll.G. Frey | NMB [blue, p] || Chrysodema | antennata | E. Sd.| Det. Dr. Obenberger [w, h/p]’ 1 ♀ (NHMB, ex coll. Frey); ‘Aroroy | Masbate [w, p] || Coll.G. Frey | NMB [blue, p] || Chrysod. | antennata. Snd. | Det. Hoscheck 19 26. [w(c), h/p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (NHMB, ex coll. Frey); ‘Aroroy | Masbate [w, p] || Coll.G. Frey | NMB [blue, p]’ 1 ♀ (NHMB, ex coll. Frey); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]’ 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || 915. [w, p] || Coll. S. Gottwald (Berlin) | ex. Coll. | A. DAHLHEUSER | (Marburg) [w, p] || Chrysodema | antennata [w, h]’ 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘1929 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘1931 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘1932 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘1933 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll. Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘1934 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘4267 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘4270 [w(c), h] || [original label] Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w(c), p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || antennata Sd. | Det. Hoschek. [w(c), p; black border]’ 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || coll. R B HOŁYŃSKI | BPexd [w, h] || 1993 | Chrysodema | coolsi HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h] || Chrysodema | coolsi | HOŁYŃSKI | HOLOTYPE [r, h]’ 1 ♀ (RHMP; Figs 52, 53); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || coll. R B HOŁYŃSKI | BPexe [w, h] || 1993 | Chrysodema | coolsi HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h] || Chrysodema | coolsi | HOŁYŃSKI | PARATYPE [r, h]’ 1 ♀ (RHMP); ‘ Philippinen | Masbate | Aroroy [w(c), p/h; black border] || coll. R B HOŁYŃSKI | BPdi- [w, h] || 1993 | Chrysodema | coolsi HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h] || Chrysodema | coolsi | HOŁYŃSKI | PARATYPE [r, h]’ 1 ♀ (DFPC). The last three specimens are labelled as holotype and paratypes of C. coolsi, however erroneously, for details see ‘Remarks’.</p> <p>All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ HOLOTYPE [or PARATYPE respectively] ♀ | Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | holynskii sp. nov. | David Frank det. I. 2022 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Description of holotype. Well preserved ♀ specimen with all appendages intact. Length 22.75 mm, width 8.25 mm, length/width ratio: 2.76.</p> <p>Body navicular, head and elytra green-bronze, pronotum bronze; ventral side golden-green, legs green.</p> <p>Head bronze-violet with green areas around eyes and at central part on dorsal side, green on ventral side. Eyes large, oval, area around eyes densely finely macropunctate. Frons bronze-violet with green central part, sparsely macropunctate and with short pubescence, 2× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus. Vertex more densely macropunctate than frons. Micropunctures sparse on frons. Labrum brown, sparsely pubescent. Antennae serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I and II bronze-violet with green reflections, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula and antennomeres from III dark brown with sparse long pubescence. Antennomere II ca. 3× shorter than I and III. Antennomeres IV–V long triangular, VI–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi dark brown, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, narrowing anteriad with rounded sides, black, moderately densely irregularly goldengreen macropunctate, sparsely micropunctate between macropunctures, 1.4× as wide as long, widest at half. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line without macropunctures, densely micropunctate. Medial and principal impressions only slightly indicated. Lateral impressions only at basal half, shallow, with several macropunctures. Lateral margin golden shiny. Basal margin moderately bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, bronze with green margins.</p> <p>Elytra moderately wider than pronotum at base; parallel at basal half, narrowing from mid-length to apex, strongly convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Groups of macropunctures of almost the same size contain ca 5–10 macropunctures, arranged in almost regular rows. Areas between rows of groups of macropunctures sparsely micropunctate, at apical half appear as weak costae which are interconnected at short intervals, along suture a row of individual macropunctures. Most lateral interval coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is golden-green and very shiny. Humeral calli moderately furrowed. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green with golden reflections, macropunctate and with short pubescence.</p> <p>Legs metallic green with golden reflections; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Mesotibiae moderately curved at basal third and almost straight at two apical thirds (Fig. 75). Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side metallic green with golden reflections. Hypomeron irregularly macropunctate more densely than prosternum. Anterior margin of prosternum with very dense short pubescence. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 1.8× as long as wide, moderately densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, apex and sides smooth,polished,nearly impunctate and sparsely pubescent.Metasternum macropunctate and pubescent. Abdominal ventrites densely macropunctate and pubescent at basal part,shiny with sparse macropunctures at apical part.</p> <p>Variation. Body ♀♀ (n = 38): length: 21.50–29.50 (average 26.37) mm, width: 7.50–10.50 (average 9.42) mm, length/width ratio: 2.68–2.89 (average 2.80); male unknown. Colour of dorsal part from green-bronze to bronze, rarely green. Groups of macropuctures can be moderately variable but never large and always arranged in almost regular rows.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Male of Chrysodema (C.) holynskii is unknown. Females of this species are the slenderest from whole group. Average length/width ratio is 2.80 in contrast to 2.60–2.72 of other species. Principal impressions of pronotum are only slightly indicated. Basic colour of elytra is green-bronze and not black. From subspecies of C. (C.) antennata can be distinguished by shiny and sparsely macropunctate apical part of abdominal ventrites, and from C. (C.) sekerkai by mesotibiae which are moderately curved at basal third and straight at two apical thirds. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is dedicated to my friend Roman B. Hołyński (Milanówek, Poland), a specialist in Buprestidae, mainly in subfamily Chrysochroinae.</p> <p>Distribution. Philippines: Masbate Island (Fig. 62).</p> <p>Remarks. I studied three female specimens of C. (C.) holynskii labelled as types of Chrysodema coolsi. According to the description of Chrysodema (Thymedes) coolsi Hołyński, 1994 the type series includes one male (HT) and four female specimens. Two paratypes are deposited in IRSN, the holotype and two paratypes were in RHMP with Hołyński’s collection labels ‘BPeqp’ (HT), ‘BPeqo’ and ‘BPfke’. The paratype ‘BPfke’ has been sent to K. Akiyama (R. Hołyński pers. comm. September 2021). I studied two specimens from RHMP (BPeqp, BPeqo) and they certainly belong to the subgenus Thymedes. However, there are also three other female specimens in RHMP labelled as a holotype and paratypes of Chrysodema coolsi, det. R. Hołyński 1993 (Fig. 53), with Hołyński’s collection labels ‘BPexd’ (HT) (Fig. 52), ‘BPexe’ and ‘BPdi-’. These specimens are labelled erroneously and do not belong to the type series of Chrysodema (Thymedes) coolsi Hołyński, 1994 (R. Hołyński pers. comm. September 2021) or even to the subgenus Thymedes at all, evidently representing the new species of Chrysodema s.str. described hereby as Chrysodema (Chrysodema) holynskii sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1233FFAC07E7FAAE775DA908	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1230FFA907E7F954770EACFE.text	03B7414B1230FFA907E7F954770EACFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) sekerkai Frank 2022	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) sekerkai sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 38–40, 61, 62, 68, 75)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 71D04526-4994-4F7D-AED4-5B104236BD15</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata obsoleta [misidentification]: Lander (2003): 80 (colour Fig. 96)</p> <p>Type locality. Indonesia: Central Sulawesi Province, Banggai Island.</p> <p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: ♂ (22.75 × 8.25 mm; Figs 38–40, 61, 68), ‘ Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885 [w(c), p (black border)]’ (MNHN).</p> <p>PARATYPES (4 ♂♂, 143 ♀♀): INDONESIA: CENTRAL SULAWESI PROv.: Banggai Island: the same data as holotype (4 ♀♀ MNHN, 2 ♀♀ DFPC, 1 ♀ LSPC); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885 [w(c), p (black border)] || 13. [w, h]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885 [w(c), p (black border)] || Betw. TALIABU IS | NE Sulawesi [w, h] || Chrysodema | Dalmani | Mann.? | Det. Dr. Obenberger [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund. | Dét. T. LANDER 192001 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (NMPC); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885 [w(c), p (black border)] || Collect. | Plason [w, p] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund. | THERY det. [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (NHMW); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p (black border)] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p] || vagans Gory [w(c), h] || Chrysodema | obsoleta | Thoms., 1878 | Det. T. LANDER 2000 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (MFNB); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p (black border)] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p] || Chrysodema | n.sp.? 50. [w(c), h] || Chrysodema | obsoleta | Thoms., 1878 | Det. T. LANDER 2000 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (MFNB); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p (black border)] || Coll. | Jul.Moser [w, p] || Chrysodema | obsoleta | Thoms., 1878 | Det. T. LANDER 2000 [w, p]’, 3 ♀♀ (MFNB); ‘Bangkei | Fruhstorfer. [w(c), h]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘Bangkei | Fruhstorfer. [w(c), h] || VU PAR KERREMANS | antennata Snd. | POUR SA MONOGRAPHIE [w(c), p/h (black border)]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘Bangkei | Staud. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || MUSEUM PARIS | COLL. CH. KERREMANS | 1923 [y, p] || hebes | Kerr. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘Bangkei | Staud. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || hebes | Kerr. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’, 1 ♀ (MNHN); ‘Banggai Isl | Celebes | INDONESIE | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p]’, 2 ♀♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander). Potil-Kecil Island (ca 3 km NE of Banggai Island): ‘ ♀ [w, p] || BANGGAI ARCH., | Potil Kecil, | 1°28'S – 123°34'E | 12–19.ii.1980 [w, p] || M.J.D.Brendell | B.M.1980–280 [w,p] || Chrysodema | antennata Saund. ? | B. Levey det. 1982 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (BMNH). Peleng Island: ‘INDONESIA, prov. | Central Sulawesi, | PELENG isl., | native coll. [w, p] || ex coll. V. Kubáň | National Museum | Prague, Czech Republic [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); ‘PELENG IS | INDONESIA [w, h (black border)] || Chrysodema | obsoleta | Thoms., 1878 | Dét. T. LANDER 192000 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (MHNG); ‘INDONESIA | CELEBES | Peleng | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p]’, 3 ♀♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘INDONESIA | CELEBES | Peleng Isl. | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p]’, 7 ♀♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘Peleng | March. [20]06 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘Peleng isl. | 10/2017 [w, p]’, 3 ♀♀ (DFPC); ‘Peleng | NOV. 2018 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘PELENG IS [w, p (green stamp)]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘PELENG IS [w, p (green stamp)]’, 14 ♀♀ (SJPC); ‘PELENG IS | V.2019 [w, p/h (violet stamp)]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘PELENG IS | V.2019 [w, p/h (green stamp)]’, 13 ♀♀ (DFPC); ‘INDONESIA: Sulawesi | Peleng Island | native leg. | Coll. B. &amp; T. Liese [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || Chrysodema | spec. | det. S. Gottwald 2001 [w, p]’, 1 ♂ (SGBG). SOUTH SULAWESI PROv.: ‘INDONESIA, | South Sulawesi, | Puncak, PALOPO, | Mar.2000, native coll. [w, p] || ex coll. V. Kubáň | National Museum | Prague, Czech Republic [w, p]’, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); ‘Puncak | Palopo | SULAWESI | IX.1999 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, p]’, 5 ♀♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘Puncak | Palopo | CELEBES | IX.1999 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, p]’, 12 ♀♀ (11 ♀♀ MHNG, ex coll. Lander, 1 ♀ DFPC); ‘Puncak | Palopo | CELEBES | XII.1999 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, p]’, 3 ♀♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘Palopo | Puncak | CELEBES | XII.1999 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘Puncak | Palopo | CELEBES | I.2000 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, p]’, 17 ♀♀ (16 ♀♀ MHNG, ex coll. Lander, 1 ♀ DFPC); ‘ CELEBES | Puncak Palopo | 2000 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p] || 5.2.2003 | Puncak Palopo | antenata | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p]’, 1 ♂ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘Puncak Palopo | Maret—2000 [w, p]’, 1 ♂ (DFPC); ‘ ♀ [w, p] || INDONESIEN | Sulawesi, Puncac Palopo | 8 &amp;9 2001 leg Johan [w, p] || ex coll. | Barries [y, h/p] || CHRYSODEMA | celebensis Kerr. 1909 | det Barries 2004 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (DFPC); ‘ ♀ [w, p] || INDONESIEN | Sulawesi, Puncac Palopo | 8 &amp;9 2001 leg Johan [w, p] || coll. | Barries [y, p] || CHRYSODEMA | celebensis Kerr. 1909 | det Barries 2004 [w, p]’, 3 ♀♀ (WBWA); ‘PUNCAK | PALOPO | 3.2000 [w, h] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund., 1874 | Dét. T. LANDER 192007 [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (EJBS); ‘PUNCAK | PALOPO | SULAWESI | APRIL 1996 [w, p] || Chrysodema | sp. | det. S. Gottwald 2001 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘Rautcpao [?Rantepao] | CELEBES | XII.1999 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, h/p]’, 6 ♀♀ (5 ♀♀ MHNG, ex coll. Lander, 1 ♀ DFPC); ‘Rautcpao [?Rantepao] | CELEBES | XII.1999 | Coll. T. LANDER [w, p] || 10.4.2000 | CELEBES | ♀ (1) 10'KOH | Dét. T. LANDER [w, h/p]’, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); ‘INDONESIA, X.2017 | Central Sulawesi | PUNCAK PALOPO pass | local collector lgt. [w, p]’, 3 ♀♀ (SJPC). WEST SULAWESI PROv.: ‘Mamasa | Sulawesi | Jan. '03 [w, p] || ex Coll. | M. H. HEMPEL | (München) [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p]’, 2 ♀♀ (SGBG); ‘Mamasa | Sulawesi | Jan. '04 [w, p] || ex Coll. | M. H. HEMPEL | (München) [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p]’, 5 ♀♀ (SGBG). Sulawesi Island (without accurate locality): ‘ CELEBES [w, h]’, 6 ♀♀ (MHNG); ‘ SULAWESI | local collectors leg. | Coll. B. &amp; T. Liese [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || C [w, h (blue letter)] || Chrysodema | sp. | det. S. Gottwald 2002 [w, p] || antennata | ssp. obsoleta [w, h]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘INDONESIA: Sulawesi | native leg. 1999 | Coll. B. &amp; T. Liese [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || 1 [w, h (blue letter)] || Chrysodema | sp. n. Lander in prep. | det. S. Gottwald 2000 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG); ‘ INDONESIA: Sulawesi | native leg. 1999 | Coll. B. &amp; T. Liese [w, p] || Coll. | S. GOTTWALD | (Berlin) [w, p] || 7 [w, h (blue letter)] || Chrysodema | sp. n. Lander in prep. | det. S. Gottwald 2000 [w, p]’, 1 ♀ (SGBG).</p> <p>Original specimens of unpublished manuscript names (see ‘Remarks’). Chrysodema grootaerti Hołyński (5 ♀♀): ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p; black border] || antennata | Saund [w, h] || 1993 | Chrysodema | grootaerti HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | grootaerti | HOŁYŃSKI | HOLOTYPE [r, h]’, 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘[original label] Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w, p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || 3458 [w, h] || Chrysodema | borneensis Kerr. | Det. Hoschek. 1941 [w, h/p; black border] || 1993 | Chrysodema | grootaerti HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | grootaerti | HOŁYŃSKI | PARATYPE [r, h]’, 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘[original label] Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p; black border]; [newer label] Koll.Dr.A.Frh.v.Hoschek [w, p; black border] [original label is glued on newer label] || 3884 [w, h] || Chrysodema | antennata | Saund | Théry det. [w, h/p; black border] || 1993 | Chrysodema | grootaerti HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h/p] || Chrysodema | grootaerti | HOŁYŃSKI | PARATYPE [r, h]’, 1 ♀ (IRSN); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p (black border)] || coll. R B HOŁYŃSKI | BPexf [w, h] || 1993 | Chrysodema | grootaerti HOŁ. | det. R. Hołyński [w, h] || Chrysodema | grootaerti | HOŁYŃSKI | PARATYPE [r, h]’, 1 ♀ (RHMP); ‘Bangkei | H. Kühn | 1885. [w(c), p (black border)] || coll. R B HOŁYŃSKI | BPexg [w, h] || Chrysodema | grootaerti | HOŁYŃSKI | PARATYPE [r, h]’, 1 ♀ (RHMP).</p> <p>All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ HOLOTYPE [or PARATYPE respectively] [sex] | Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | sekerkai sp. nov. | David Frank det. I. 2022 [date handwritten]’. Specimens ‘ Chrysodema grootaerti Hołyński’ were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ Chrysodema | grootaerti | HOłYńSKI | unpublished manuscript name | David Frank I. 2022 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Description of holotype. Well preserved ♂ specimen with all appendages, only one of claws on left fore leg and last antennomere of right antenna are missing. Length 22.75 mm, width 8.25 mm, length/width ratio: 2.76.</p> <p>Body navicular, basic colour of dorsal side black but it seems dark green because of dense metallic green punctures; ventral side green with golden reflections, legs green.</p> <p>Head black with green punctures, green on ventral side. Eyes large, oval, area around eyes with dense fine green macropunctures and sparsely pubescent. Frons black, with sparse green macropunctures, 2.1× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus, with sparse short pubescence. Labrum dark brown, with long pubescence.Antennae longer than pronotum, serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomere I green, II bronze, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula and antennomeres from III dark brown with long pubescence. Antennomere II ca. 4× shorter than I and III. Antennomeres IV–X long triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi brown, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, narrowing anteriad with rounded sides, black, moderately densely irregularly goldengreen macropunctate, 1.4× as wide as long, widest at mid-length. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line visible, interrupted at centre, without medial impressions. Principal impressions oval, golden-green, densely macropunctate. Lateral impressions moderately deep, densely macropunctate. Lateral margin green, shiny. Basal margin moderately bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, green with golden reflections.</p> <p>Elytra moderately wider than pronotum at base; subparallel at basal half, narrowing from beyond its midlength to apex, strongly convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Groups of macropunctures of almost the same size contain ca 3–8 macropunctures, larger on lateral parts, arranged in almost regular rows. Black areas between rows of groups of macropunctures appear as weak costae which are interconnected at short intervals, along suture golden-green stripes with individual macropunctures. Last two lateral intervals coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is green with golden reflections. Humeral calli golden-green, densely macropunctate. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal third, green with golden reflections, moderately densely macropunctate and pubescent.</p> <p>Legs metallic green with golden reflections; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Mesotibiae curved at apical third and strongly bent at basal third, without long pubescence at basal third. Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side metallic green with golden reflections. Hypomeron and prosternum macropunctate and with short pubescence. Anterior margin of prosternum with dense short pubescence. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 2× as long as wide, moderately densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, apex and sides smooth, polished, nearly impunctate and sparsely pubescent. Metasternum sparsely finely punctate and shiny at central part; more densely on sides, pubescent. Abdominal ventrites I–III moderately densely punctate at central part, laterally more densely punctate, pubescent. Abdominal ventrites IV–V more densely punctate than I–III at central part.</p> <p>Aedeagus. Broadly rhomboidal, widest at mid-length, length: 6.14 mm, width: 1.41 mm, length/width ratio: 4.35. Parameres narrowly open at apex, apices of parameres rounded (Fig. 68).</p> <p>Variation. Body ♂♂ (n = 5) length: 20.00–22.75 (average 21.50) mm, width: 7.50–8.25 (average 7.95) mm, length/width ratio: 2.67–2.76 (average 2.71); ♀♀ (n = 129): length: 22.00–30.50 (average 26.44) mm, width: 8.25– 11.75 (average 10.16) mm, length/width ratio: 2.51–2.74 (average 2.60). Groups of macropuctures can be variable but never large. Colour of macropunctures variable from golden-green to dark green-brown, very rare dark brown. Aedeagus (n = 4) length: 5.82–6.14 mm, width: 1.36–1.41 mm, length/width ratio: 4.28–4.48.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Males of C. (C.) sekerkai have antennae longer than pronotum, broadly rhomboidal aedeagus and strongly bent basal third of mesotibiae without long pubescence. Females can be distinguished by bent basal third of mesotibiae (Fig. 74) and from C. (C.) holynskii also by black basic colour of elytra between groups of macropunctures. Macropunctures on pronotum generally coarser than in C. (C.) antennata obsoleta and with golden-green margin. For additional characters see Key to species.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is dedicated to my good friend Lukáš Sekerka (Prague, Czech Republic), a wellknown specialist in world Cassidinae and Hispinae (Chrysomelidae)... and now also in Buprestidae.</p> <p>Distribution. Indonesia: Banggai, Potil-Kecil, Peleng and Sulawesi islands (Fig. 62).</p> <p>Remarks. I studied five specimens deposited in IRSN and RHMP labelled as holotype and paratypes of ‘ Chrysodema grootaerti Hołyński’. This name has never been published (R. Hołyński pers. comm. September 2021) and all specimens belong to the C. (C.) sekerkai sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1230FFA907E7F954770EACFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
03B7414B1235FF9507E7FC1B7025A886.text	03B7414B1235FF9507E7FC1B7025A886.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysodema (Chrysodema) variipennis Saunders 1874	<div><p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) variipennis Saunders, 1874</p> <p>(Figs 54–60, 62, 69, 76, 77)</p> <p>Chrysodema variipennis Saunders (1874): 310 (original description); Kerremans (1888 a): lxv (catalogue [sic!, locality ‘Iles Nicobar’]); Kerremans (1892a): 40 (catalogue); Kerremans (1903): 74 (catalogue [locality ‘Manille’]); Akiyama &amp; Ohmomo (2000): Pl. 45, Figs 479-1, 479-2 (iconography, misidentification).</p> <p>Chalcophora variipennis: Kerremans (1885): 128 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) variipennis: Kerremans (1909): 516 (key), 539 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 135 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 14 (key), 50 (redescription), 81 (colour Fig. 97); Bellamy (2008): 542 (catalogue).</p> <p>Chrysodema leopoldiana Théry (1933): 2 (original description).</p> <p>Chrysodema (Chrysodema) leopoldiana: Lander (2003): 50 (as synonym of C. (C.) variipennis); Bellamy (2008): 533 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) variipennis), 542 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) variipennis).</p> <p>Type localities. Chrysodema variipennis: ‘ Type from Mindanao’ [Philippines, Mindanao Island]; C. leopoldiana: ‘ Philippines, Mauo Samar’ [Philippines, Samar Island, Mauo].</p> <p>Type material examined. Chrysodema variipennis: HOLOTYPE (by monotypy): ♀ (20.75 × 8.50 mm; Figs 55– 58, 76), ‘Minda | nao [w(c), h; round] || Type [w, p; round, red border] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || C. variipennis | ES. Type [w(c), h]’ (BMNH).</p> <p>The specimen was provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ HOLOTYPE (by monotypy) | Chrysodema | variipennis | SAUNDERS, 1874 ♀ | David Frank labelled IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.</p> <p>Chrysodema leopoldiana: HOLOTYPE: ♀ (23.75 × 9.00 mm; Figs 54, 59), ‘ ♀? [w, p/h] || [original label] Philippines | Mauo–Samar | 8-IV-1932 | Prince Léopold [w(c), p]; [newer label] Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. [y, p] [original label is glued on newer label] || Rog. Mus. Hist. Nat. | Belg. I.G. 9796 [w(c), p] || [original label] Chrysodema | Leopoldiana | Thery | TYPE [w(c), h/p (red stamp)]; [original label] Holotype [r, p; black border]; [newer label] d.: Bull. Mus. R. Hist. | nat. Belgique 1933, 9, 31:2,3 [w, h] [original labels are glued on newer label]’ (IRSN).</p> <p>The specimen was provided with an additional white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | variipennis | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank det. IV. 2022 [date handwritten]’</p> <p>AddiTiOnal maTerial examined (1 ♂, 1 ♀). PHILIPPINES: DINAGAT ISLAND: Philippines, Dinagat Is., 23.11.1991, 1 ♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý; Figs 60, 69, 77); Philippines, Dinagat Is., 15.3.1995, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý).</p> <p>Redescription of holotype. Well preserved ♀ specimen, only left antenna missing from antennomere IV. Length 20.75 mm, width 8.25 mm, length/width ratio: 2.52.</p> <p>Body navicular, basic colour of dorsal side black with dense metallic golden-green groups of macropunctures; ventral side metallic golden-green, legs green.</p> <p>Head black with green area around eyes and punctures on dorsal side, green on ventral side. Eyes large, oval. Area around eyes green, finely macropunctate. Frons black, 2.2× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus. Vertex macropunctate and with short pubescence. Labrum very small, brown, with short pubescence. Antennae serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I and II golden-green, sparsely macropunctate; radicula and antennomeres from III dark brown with sparse short pubescence. Antennomeres I, III and IV almost the same length, ca. 3× longer than II. Antennomere IV long triangular, V–X triangular, XI trapezoidal. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi pale brown, densely pubescent.</p> <p>Pronotum trapezoidal, black, moderately densely irregularly golden-green macropunctate, micropunctate on black areas, 1.7× as wide as long, widest at base. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line black, bordered rows of macropunctures create shallow medial impressions. Principal impressions small and shallow, golden, densely macropunctate and with sparse short pubescence. Lateral impressions shallow, densely macropunctate. Lateral margin black. Basal margin very slightly bisinuate.</p> <p>Scutellum small, trapezoidal, dark-green and shiny.</p> <p>Elytra wider than pronotum at base; parallel to middle, narrowing from mid-length to apex, strongly convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate from beyond its mid-length to apex. Irregular groups of macropunctures have different sizes, but three fairly large at basal third and three large at apical third are situated in transverse rows on each elytron. Black areas between groups of macropunctures create visible costae which are interconnected between themselves, sparsely micropunctate, the first costa is visible for whole length, other costae from mid-length of elytra. The last lateral intervals coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is golden-green. Humeral calli macropunctate. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green with golden reflections, macropunctate and with short pubescence.</p> <p>Legs metallic green; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Inner side of mesotibia with very distinct serrate and pubescent ridge (Fig. 76). Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green, tarsal claws divergent and simple.</p> <p>Ventral side metallic golden-green, shiny. Hypomeron and prosternum irregularly punctate. Anterior margin of prosternum densely pubescent. Prosternal process subparallel-sided narrowed at apex, approximately 1.7× as long as wide, densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, sides very sparsely punctate and shiny. Metasternum sparsely punctate and shiny at central part; densely punctate and pubescent on sides. Abdominal ventrites golden-green and densely pubescent and macropunctate at basal part, black with sparse macro- and micropunctures at apical part.</p> <p>Variation. Body ♂ (n = 1) length: 20.00 mm, width: 7.50 mm, length/width ratio: 2.67; ♀♀ (n = 3): length: 20.75–23.75 mm, width: 8.25–9.00 mm, length/width ratio: (2.52)2.61–2.64. Groups of macropuctures variable in size as well as in count of macropunctures but three large groups at apical third always present. Colour of macropunctures moderately variable from golden-green to dark green. Serrate ridge on mesotibia more distinct in males where it is very obvious. Aedeagus (n = 1) length: 4.41 mm, width: 1.01 mm, length/width ratio: 4.36. Aedeagus small in contrast to other taxa. Parameres oval widest at mid-length, narrowly open from mid-length, apice of parameres obliquely truncated. Penis moderately impressed with densely arranged striate laminae at entire width, apex of penis narrowly triangular (Fig. 69).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Chrysodema (C.) variipennis can be easily distinguished from other taxa by serrate ridge on mesotibia (more obvious at males than females) (Figs 76, 77), small aedeagus and three large groups of macropunctures occure transverse at basal part of elytron.</p> <p>Distribution. Philippines: Mindanao, Dinagat and Samar islands (Fig. 62).</p> <p>Remarks. Saunders (1874) described C. variipennis as a typical form and five varieties (Var. 1–5). The typical form is described from one specimen from ‘Mindanao’ which has measures ‘Length 9 ½ lines; breadth 4 lines. [20.14 × 8.48 mm]’. I found one female specimen in BMNH (Figs 55–57) from Saunders’ collection, from ‘Mindanao’ which has the type label ‘ C. Variipennis | ES. Type [w(c), h]’ (Fig. 58). Because this specimen agrees with the primary description and has the type label it can be considered as holotype. All other varieties from Mindanao, Bohol and Luzon islands probably belong to different species (Lander (2003) mentioned C. jucunda, C. smaragdula and C. ruficornis) but I did not find (and study) these specimens.</p> <p>Théry (1933) described C. leopoldiana from one specimen from Mauo, Samar Is. Théry compared this species only with C. coriacea (= C. (C.) antennata antennata). Lander (2003) synonymized this species only based on the description without studying the type specimen. I studied the type and it certainly belongs to C. (C.) variipennis therefore it is kept in synonymy.</p> <p>Lander (2003) mentioned distribution for C. (C.) variipennis also from Luzon, Palawan and Borneo islands but I have never studied specimens from these islands. Occurrence in Borneo Is. is unlikely.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7414B1235FF9507E7FC1B7025A886	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frank, David	Frank, David (2022): Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 507-543, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3
