identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C187FAFFB1DE0DFF63FC5AFA72A5F2.text	03C187FAFFB1DE0DFF63FC5AFA72A5F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Occultia Stedje & Rulkens 2022	<div><p>Occultia Stedje &amp; Rulkens genus nov. (Figs. 1–3)</p> <p>Similar to Ledebouria, but differing by tepals being united into a tube for 1/3 to half their length (not free); the filaments are adnate to tepals, with the free portions being very short and arising from the tepals tube at two levels (not free and inserted at the base); the developing capsule has a cap composed by the withered tepals that with development detaches from the basis, becomes membranous and finally falls off (no cap formed, tepals fleshy if persistent).</p> <p>Type: — Occultia ledebourioides (Baker) Stedje &amp; Rulkens (holotype, K!, lectotype) ≡ Hyacinthus ledebourioides Baker</p> <p>Short bulbous herbs. Bulb ovoid to subglobose with pale and papery outer scales, and thick and white inner scales. Leaves one to several, linear to ovate, often with a distinct pseudopetiole; lamina glabrous, green, sometimes spotted darker green adaxially or sometimes with purple markings at base or abaxially. Peduncle erect to slightly curved, usually somewhat longer than the leaves. Inflorescence a short raceme, relatively lax with up to 40 flowers; pedicels patent to erecto-patent, short. Perianth campanulate, white and green to pinkish, about 4 mm long; united into a tube for 1/3 to half its length, free parts spreading. Stamens adnate to tepals and free portions very short making the anthers look as they are almost sessile and arising in two levels from top of tepals tube (Fig 1B). Ovary sessile, subglobose. Fruit a depressed globose and emarginated capsule. When the capsule develops, the perianth is detached from its basis, becomes membranous and falls off early, or sometimes forms a cap on the developing capsule (Figs. 1D, 3C). Seeds mostly one per locule, sometimes two, globose or subglobose, if two in a locule somewhat flattened at one side.</p> <p>Etymology: —“ Occultia ” is derived from the Latin verb “occulere”, meaning: “to conceal”. Plants of this genus are concealed in several ways. Plants are very small and are thus easily overlooked. Also, leaves and other aboveground plant parts are produced for a very short time span every year. Finally, at first sight these plants may easily be confused with Ledebouria unless the tiny flowers are carefully examined.</p> <p>Distribution: —Southern Malawi, central and north-eastern Mozambique. In Mozambique, plants of the genus Occultia have been observed by one of the authors (A. Rulkens) in the provinces of Sofala, Zambezia, Nampula and Cabo Delgado. In Malawi, the genus is distributed in the central and southern regions.</p> <p>Taxonomic and phylogenetic note: —This new genus is clearly separated from Ledebouria, Drimiopsis and Resnova in floral characters. Even if these three genera may show tepals united at the base, the tepals tubes never reach 1/3 to half of the tepals length (measured on softened flowers of herbarium specimens), and the stamens are always inserted at the base of the tepals or very close to the base. The filaments are very short in Occultia and have a certain length in Ledebouria. Furthermore, the tepals of Occultia become membranous and detached from their basis, but may form a cap on the developing capsule. Those of Ledebouria and Drimiopsis are, if persistent on the developing capsule, always attached to the base of the capsule and may become fleshy with time, never forming a membranous cap.</p> <p>Diagnostic key</p> <p>So far, two species are recognized in Occultia. They can be separated based on leaf characters, flower colour and ecology.</p> <p>1. Leaves 3 or more, narrowly lanceolate, erect, up to 10 mm wide; flowers pinkish; growing on shallow rocky and wet ground................................................................................................................................................................................... 1. O. ledebourioides</p> <p>2. Leaves usually one (rarely 2 or 3), widely lanceolate to ovate, flat on the ground; flowers white, turning greenish towards the base; growing on humus-rich shady underground of Mopane woodland............................................................................... 2. O. fragrans</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C187FAFFB1DE0DFF63FC5AFA72A5F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stedje, Brita;Rulkens, Antonius J. H.;Hankey, Andrew J.	Stedje, Brita, Rulkens, Antonius J. H., Hankey, Andrew J. (2022): Occultia (Scilloideae, Asparagaceae), a new genus from Malawi and Mozambique. Phytotaxa 575 (2): 166-172, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.6
03C187FAFFB2DE0AFF63F959FD9EA254.text	03C187FAFFB2DE0AFF63F959FD9EA254.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Occultia ledebourioides (Baker 1870) Stedje & Rulkens 2022	<div><p>1. Occultia ledebourioides (Baker) Stedje &amp; Rulkens comb. nov. ≡</p> <p>Hyacinthus ledebourioides Baker in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 427 (1871), basionym.</p> <p>Type: — MALAWI. Zomba and E end of Lake Chilwa (Shirwa), October 1861, Meller s.n. (K!, lectotype designated here). Figs. 1, 3A–C.</p> <p>Bulbous herb 5‒8 cm high; bulb ovoid to subglobose with pale and papery outer scales, up to 3 cm high. Leaves 3–6 or more, often with a distinct pseudopetiole up to 3 cm long; lamina oblong to linear-oblong, green or sometimes with purple markings at base, glabrous, to 6 cm long, 3–10 mm wide. Peduncle erect to slightly curved, 3–6 cm long. Inflorescence usully 2‒4 cm long, relatively lax with up to 25 flowers; pedicels patent to erecto-patent, 2‒3 mm long in flower. Perianth cylindrical, white to pinkish, 3–4 mm long; tepals with slender dark keel united into a tube for 1/3 to half its length, free parts spreading. Stamens adnate to tepals and arising in 2 levels, at top of perianth tube, filaments very short. Ovary sessile, subglobose c. 1 mm long; style c. 1 mm long; stigma capitate. Capsule depressed globose, emarginate, c. 3 mm wide. Seeds mostly one per locule, globose, ca 1,5 mm in diameter.</p> <p>Ecology:— On shallow soil on rocks / On rocky mountain soils, wet ground in Acacia or Combretum ‒Bauhinia woodland; between 100–900 m of elevation.</p> <p>Conservation note:— Data Deficient, probably overlooked.</p> <p>Distribution:— Southern Malawi and central Mozambique.</p> <p>Examined specimens:— MALAWI. Central Region: Dedza Dist, Lifidizi Breeding Centre, 16 November1985, Patel &amp; Kwatha 2885 (MAL!). Southern Region: Mangochi Dist, Nankumba Hills, 21 November 1954, Banda 59 (MAL!). Southern Region: Matope, A.J. Rix s.n. (K); Southern Region: Monkey Bay, two miles out on Mangochi Road, 17 December 1978, Blackmore 51 (MAL!). MOZAMBIQUE. Sofala Province: Caia Dist, Sena, November1859, Kirk s.n. (K!). Zambesiaca Province: Mocuba Distict, Monte Pozo, 16.478975 S 37.264767 E, 305 m of elevation, 26 December 2014, Rulkens 17A (O!, photo, O-V-2295940). Zambesiaca Province: Milange Dist, Monte Ithulo, 16.3257° S 35.9516° E, 538 m of elevation, 14 December 2015, Rulkens 103 (O!, photo, O-V-2295941). Zambesiaca Province: Mopeia Dist, Cua Cua Lodge, North of Zambezi River, 17.7951° S 35.4178° E, 44 m of elevation, 12 December 2015, Rulkens 106 (O!, photo, O-V-2295942).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C187FAFFB2DE0AFF63F959FD9EA254	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stedje, Brita;Rulkens, Antonius J. H.;Hankey, Andrew J.	Stedje, Brita, Rulkens, Antonius J. H., Hankey, Andrew J. (2022): Occultia (Scilloideae, Asparagaceae), a new genus from Malawi and Mozambique. Phytotaxa 575 (2): 166-172, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.6
03C187FAFFB5DE0AFF63FEB8FD31A7F5.text	03C187FAFFB5DE0AFF63FEB8FD31A7F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Occultia fragrans Rulkens & Stedje 2022	<div><p>2. Occultia fragrans Rulkens &amp; Stedje sp. nov. Figs. 2, 3D–F</p> <p>Similar to O. ledebourioides in general appearance of the flowers, but it differs in flowers being white and green, and fragrant. The leaves are usually solitary, ovate, spotted dark green and lying flat at the ground.</p> <p>Type: — MOZAMBIQUE. Cabo Delgado Province: Ancuabe district, Mopane woodland at base of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.1094&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.2098" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.1094/lat -13.2098)">Mount Yokolo</a>, 13.2098° S 40.1094° E, 223 m of elevation, collected in nature on 14 December 2015, Rulkens 110, the herbarium specimen prepared from the living cultivated plant on 7 January 2016 (LMA!, holotype).</p> <p>Bulbous herb up to 14 cm high; bulb ovoid to subglobose with thick white scales, up to 3 cm high. Leaves 1 (rarely 2 or 3) with a distinct, usually subterranean, pseudopetiole to 2.5 cm long; lamina ovate, to 8 cm long and 6 cm wide, flat on the ground, glabrous, pale green with darker green irregularly shaped spots adaxially, often dark purple abaxially. Inflorescence relatively lax with up to about 40 flowers; pedicels patent to suberect, about 2 mm long in flower. Perianth cylindrical, white, green towards the base at the outer side, about 4 mm long; united into a tube for 1/3 to half its length, free parts spreading. Stamens adnate to tepals and arising in two levels from the top of perianth tube, filaments very short. Ovary sessile, subglobose c. 1 mm long; style c. 1 mm long; stigma capitate. Flowers fragrant at late afternoon and night. Capsule and seeds not seen.</p> <p>Ecology:— Underground of small patches of mophane woodland, or on gneiss inselbergs, soil mainly dark and humus-rich; between 200–900 m of elevation.</p> <p>Conservation note:— Data Deficient, probably overlooked.</p> <p>Distribution:— Northwestern and central Mozambique.</p> <p>Examined specimens: — MOZAMBIQUE. Niassa Province: Mandimba; 06 November 1941, Hornby 3476 (K!). Zambezia Province: Mocuba District, Mopane woodland on <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.2925&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.4848" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.2925/lat -16.4848)">Mount Pozo</a>, 16.4848° S 37.2925° E, 470 m of elevation, collected 5 May 2015, flowered 25 October 2018 in garden at Xai-Xai, Mozambique, Rulkens 50 (LMA!). Niassa Province: Near Lake Nyassa, 1902, Johnson 525 (K!).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C187FAFFB5DE0AFF63FEB8FD31A7F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stedje, Brita;Rulkens, Antonius J. H.;Hankey, Andrew J.	Stedje, Brita, Rulkens, Antonius J. H., Hankey, Andrew J. (2022): Occultia (Scilloideae, Asparagaceae), a new genus from Malawi and Mozambique. Phytotaxa 575 (2): 166-172, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.6
