identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
421187DC5606FF9258C6F95EFAB3F914.text	421187DC5606FF9258C6F95EFAB3F914.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baurutitan britoi Kellner, Campos & Trotta 2005	<div><p>Baurutitan britoi Kellner, Campos &amp; Trotta, 2005</p> <p>Syn. Trigonosaurus pricei Campos et al., 2005 (a complete list of synonyms is provided on the supplementary)</p> <p>Type-species: Baurutitan britoi Kellner, Campos &amp; Trotta, 2005</p> <p>Holotype: MCT 1490-R (Series C): last sacral vertebra articulated with a sequence of eighteen caudal vertebrae.</p> <p>Referred specimens: MCT 1488-R (Series B; holotype of T. pricei): five cervical and 10 trunk vertebrae; sacrum and ilium. Forty-four specimens, possibly constituting a single individual, recovered from BR-262 locality, including: CPPLIP-035 (middle cervical vertebrae), CPPLIP-039 (middle cervical vertebrae), CPPLIP-040 (posterior cervical vertebrae), CPPLIP-049 (posterior cervical vertebrae), CPPLIP-014 (cervical rib), CPPLIP- 110 (anterior trunk vertebra), CPPLIP-036 (anterior trunk vertebra), CPPLIP-103 (middle trunk vertebra), CPPLIP-111 (middle trunk vertebra), CPPLIP-037 (middle trunk vertebrae), CPPLIP-458 (middle trunk vertebrae), CPPLIP-43 (posterior trunk neural spine), CPPLIP-044 (trunk rib fragment), CPPLIP-097 (trunk rib fragment), CPPLIP-108 (trunk rib fragment), CPPLIP-109 (trunk rib fragment), CPPLIP-102 (anterior caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-046 (middle caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-047 (middle caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-061 (middle caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-096 (middle caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-091 (posterior caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-093 (middle caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-094 (posterior caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-095 (posterior caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-045 (posterior caudal vertebra), CPPLIP-055 (anterior chevron), CPPLIP-056 (anterior chevron), CPPLIP-098 (anterior chevron), CPPLIP-099 (anterior chevron), CPPLIP-112 (anterior chevron), CPPLIP-188 (anterior chevron), CPPLIP-057 (posterior chevron), CPPLIP-100 (posterior chevron), CPPLIP-038 (right scapula), CPPLIP-140 (right coracoid), CPPLIP-138 (right sternal plate), CPPLIP-007 (fragment of left humerus), CPPLIP-008 (right humerus), CPPLIP-010 (right metacarpal I), CPPLIP-042 (left ischium fragment), CPPLIP-069 (right ischium), CPPLIP-011 (left metatarsal II), CPPLIP-054 (left metatarsal III).</p> <p>Type-locality and horizon: MCT 1490-R was collected from the Serra da Galga Formation (Soares et al., 2021), in the site known as “Caieira”, “Quarry 1”, or “Ponto 1 do Price”, Serra do Veadinho area, near Peirópolis, Uberaba-MG (Campos &amp; Kellner, 1999; Martinelli &amp; Teixeira, 2015).</p> <p>Revised diagnosis: titanosaur diagnosed based on a set of autapomorphic features, i.e.: expanded postzygodiapophyseal laminae on mid-posterior cervical vertebrae (newly proposed here) and first caudal vertebra with strongly pointed and laterally directed processes intercepting the spinoprezygapophyseal lamina (Kellner, Campos &amp; Trotta, 2005).</p> <p>Reassessment of MCT 1719-R</p> <p>The redefinition of the specimens referred to Ba. britoi implies that MCT 1719-R cannot be associated to that taxon, as these caudal vertebrae clearly differ from those of MCT 1490-R and the BR-262 specimens. As discussed above, the BR-262 caudal neural spines lean posteriorly, as also seen in Ba. britoi (Kellner, Campos &amp; Trotta, 2005, figs. 8, 12, 16 and 19), but not in MCT 1719-R, the spines of which lean gently anteriorly or stand nearly vertical (Figs. 21, 22). MCT 1719-R also lacks another trait shared between Ba. britoi and the BR-262 specimens: transverse processes that turn into a lateral ridge on the middle of the series. Below, we further revise the features of MCT 1719-R that Campos et al. (2005) used to diagnose T. pricei.</p> <p>Campos et al. (2005) proposed that the centra of the anterior tail vertebrae possess thin ventral margins that broaden towards the top and transverse processes with pronounced dorsal depressions, two in the anterior (2–5) and one in the middle caudal vertebrae.</p> <p>The 2 nd caudal vertebra possesses a deep muscular scar on its lateral face, followed by centra with lateral faces more deeply excavated than those at a similar serial position in Gondwanatitan faustoi (Kellner &amp; Azevedo, 1999; fig. 6), Panamericansaurus schroederi (Porfiri &amp; Calvo, 2010; fig. 3), and U. ribeiroi (Silva Junior et al., 2022; fig. 10). Also, anteriorly extended caudal prezygapophyses, with wide (dorsoventrally expanded) articular faces, are unique to MCT 1719-R among titanosaurs from the Serra da Galga Formation. These are about 70% the centrum length in middle caudal vertebrae, a proportion similar to that found on some Aeolosaurini, such as Aeolosaurus rionegrinus (72%; Powell, 1987) and Arrudatitan maximus (76%; Santucci &amp; Arruda-Campos, 2011). The latter also shares wide articular facets (Santucci &amp; Arruda-Campos, 2011; fig. 4) with MCT 1719-R, as well as with Punatitan coughlini (Hechenleitner et al., 2020).</p> <p>As mentioned by Campos et al. (2005), MCT 1719-R has articular surfaces for the haemal arches that are strongly developed from the third caudal vertebra until the last preserved element (20 th caudal vertebra). Although suggested as a unique feature of MCT 1719-R, a similar condition is present in Rocasaurus muniozi (Salgado &amp; Azpilicueta, 2000; figs. 6 and 8) and U. ribeiroi (Silva Junior et al., 2022; fig. 10). Finally, the presence of well-developed transverse processes along the anterior and middle (1–20) caudal vertebrae was also proposed as unique to MCT 1719-R (Campos et al., 2005). In fact, some other titanosaurs— e.g., Ar. maximus (Santucci &amp; Arruda-Campos, 2011; fig. 4) and U. ribeiroi (Silva Junior et al., 2022; fig. 9)—possess transverse processes as long as those of MCT 1719-R (Figs. 21 and 22), almost reaching the posterior margin of the condyles, although less developed in more posterior vertebrae. Yet, those of MCT 1719-R are unique because they are strongly expanded dorsoventrally, to almost half the centrum height, including those of middle caudal vertebrae. As for the persistence of the transverse processes minimally until the twentieth caudal vertebra; this feature is also present in Overosaurus paradosorum (Coria et al., 2013; fig. 6) and P. coughlini (Hechenleitner et al., 2020; fig. 2).</p> <p>Our comparative review has shown the presence of yet another unique feature of MCT 1719-R: the presence of deep postzygapophyseal-centrodiapophyseal fossae, expanding anteromedially on the dorsal margin of the neural arch (Figs. 21, 22). This condition differs from that of other titanosaurs, in which this fossa is present but does not expand medially, as for instance in Ba. britoi (Fig. 20D: Kellner, Campos &amp; Trotta, 2005; fig. 18), U. ribeiroi (Silva Junior et al., 2019; fig. 9), and the BR-262 specimens. Awell-developed postzygapophyseal-centrodiapophyseal fossa is also present in Adamantisaurus mezzalirai (Santucci &amp; Bertini, 2006; plate 1), but restricted to the most anterior vertebrae and not as deep as in MCT 1719-R. Deep postzygapophyseal-centrodiapophyseal fossae are also present in Narambuenatitan palomoi (Filippi, García &amp; Garrido, 2011; fig. 8) and Mendozasaurus neguyelap (González Riga et al., 2018; fig. 9), although these are dorsoventrally expanded in the former, reaching the neural canal, and limited medially by a centropostzygapophyseal lamina in the latter.</p> <p>In conclusion, the uniqueness of MCT 1719-R among Bauru Group and other South American titanosaurs, including the presence of autapomorphic features (see below), warrants the proposition of a new taxon to accommodate the specimen.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/421187DC5606FF9258C6F95EFAB3F914	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Silva Junior, Julian C. G.;Martinelli, Agustín G.;Marinho, Thiago S.;da Silva, João Ismael;Langer, Max C.	Silva Junior, Julian C. G., Martinelli, Agustín G., Marinho, Thiago S., da Silva, João Ismael, Langer, Max C. (2022): New specimens of Baurutitan britoi and a taxonomic reassessment of the titanosaur dinosaur fauna (Sauropoda) from the Serra da Galga Formation (Late Cretaceous) of Brazil. PeerJ (e 14333) 10: 1-44, DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14333, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14333
421187DC563BFF9458C6FEE5FCAEF984.text	421187DC563BFF9458C6FEE5FCAEF984.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caieiria allocaudata Silva Junior & Martinelli & Marinho & da Silva & Langer 2022	<div><p>Caieiria allocaudata gen. et sp. nov.</p> <p>Etymology: The generic name derives from “Caieira”, the site where the type-specimen was unearthed. The specific name employs the word allos (Greek for strange) and cauda (Latin for tail), in reference to the unique anatomy of the animal’ s tail vertebrae.</p> <p>Holotype: MCT 1719-R, 10 anterior to middle caudal vertebrae.</p> <p>Type-locality and horizon: MCT 1719-R was collected in the site known as “Caieira”, or “Quarry 1”, Serra do Veadinho area, near Peirópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Campos &amp; Kellner, 1999). The bearing sandstones belong to the Serra da Galga Formation, Bauru Group (Martinelli et al., 2019; Soares et al., 2020, 2021).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Caieiria allocaudata can be distinguished from Baurutitan britoi, Uberabatitan ribeiroi, and Gondwanatitan faustoi by the presence of caudal vertebrae with robust and dorsoventrally expanded transverse processes, almost half the centrum height (modified from Campos et al., 2005), and anterior caudal vertebrae with a deep postzygapophyseal centrodiapophyseal fossa (newly proposed here).</p> <p>Phylogenetic analysis</p> <p>For the first iteration we added the BR-262 specimens, plus the holotypes of Ba. britoi, T. pricei, and C. allocaudata to the matrix. This resulted in 1,620 most parsimonious trees (MPTs) of 1,504 steps. The strict consensus tree (Fig. 23B) shows Gondwanatitan faustoi, the BR-262 specimens, plus the holotypes of Ba. britoi and T. pricei, within a polytomy along with a clade including C. allocaudata and Bravasaurus arrierosorum. In the entire set of MPTs, four possible arrangements for this polytomy were found, as seen in Fig. 23C.</p> <p>Caieira allocaudata and Br. arrierosorum form a minimal clade in all alternative arrangements, sister to either G. faustoi or to a clade congregating the other Serra da Galga Formation titanosaurs. Alternatively, G. faustoi was recovered either within or as sister-taxon to the specimens assigned here to Ba. britoi.</p> <p>The second iteration was performed with the coding of the BR-262 specimens and the holotypes of Ba. britoi and T. pricei combined. This resulted in 1,500 MPTs of 1,502 steps. The strict consensus tree (Fig. 23A) shows Ba. britoi in a polytomy with G. faustoi and a clade including C. allocaudata and Br. arrierosorum. The clade congregating these four taxa is supported by a single synapomorphy: middle to posterior trunk vertebrae with pneumatic fossae located on the dorsal margin of the centra (Ch. 189), as seen in Ba. britoi and Br. arrierosorum. The clade composed of C. allocaudata and Br. arrierosorum is also united by a single synapomorphy: posteriormost anterior and middle caudal vertebrae with vertical neural spines (Ch. 257).</p> <p>With additional specimens (MCT 1488-R and BR-262), the phylogenetic results confirm the position of Ba. britoi as an Aeolosaurini, as proposed by Hechenleitner et al. (2020) and Silva Junior et al. (2022). Previously, Ba. britoi was recovered either as a Lithostrostia indet. (Carballido et al., 2017; Filippi, Salgado &amp; Garrido, 2019) or as a Saltasaurinae-like taxon (e.g., Santucci &amp; Arruda-Campos, 2011; França et al., 2016; Gorscak et al., 2017; Carballido et al., 2020). As for the now defunct T. pricei, besides its recent association to Aeolosaurini (Hechenleitner et al., 2020; Silva Junior et al., 2022), it has been previously recovered in disparate positions within Lithostrotia (e.g., Bandeira et al., 2016; Martínez et al., 2016; Gorscak &amp; O’ Connor, 2019).</p> <p>The affinity of C. allocaudata also to Aeolosaurini reinforces that this clade dominated the Late Cretaceous sauropod fauna of the Bauru Basin. This is the case not only of the Serra da Galga Formation, with Ba. britoi, U. ribeiroi, and C. allocaudata, but also of the Adamantina Formation, with Ar. maximus and G. faustoi (Santucci &amp; Arruda-Campos, 2011; Silva Junior et al., 2022).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/421187DC563BFF9458C6FEE5FCAEF984	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Silva Junior, Julian C. G.;Martinelli, Agustín G.;Marinho, Thiago S.;da Silva, João Ismael;Langer, Max C.	Silva Junior, Julian C. G., Martinelli, Agustín G., Marinho, Thiago S., da Silva, João Ismael, Langer, Max C. (2022): New specimens of Baurutitan britoi and a taxonomic reassessment of the titanosaur dinosaur fauna (Sauropoda) from the Serra da Galga Formation (Late Cretaceous) of Brazil. PeerJ (e 14333) 10: 1-44, DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14333, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14333
